JP2004091376A - Epidermis keratinization normalizing agent and skin care preparation for external use for skin containing the same - Google Patents

Epidermis keratinization normalizing agent and skin care preparation for external use for skin containing the same Download PDF

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JP2004091376A
JP2004091376A JP2002254209A JP2002254209A JP2004091376A JP 2004091376 A JP2004091376 A JP 2004091376A JP 2002254209 A JP2002254209 A JP 2002254209A JP 2002254209 A JP2002254209 A JP 2002254209A JP 2004091376 A JP2004091376 A JP 2004091376A
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skin
keratinization
epidermis
care preparation
external use
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JP3908126B2 (en
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Hideaki Megata
目片 秀明
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Naris Cosmetics Co Ltd
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Naris Cosmetics Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an epidermis keratinization normalizing agent obtained from N-acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione and an extract of a plant of the genus Oenothera, and to provide a skin care preparation for external use containing the same. <P>SOLUTION: The transglutaminase activity enhancer or the epidermis keratinization normalizing agent contains the extract of the plant of the genus Oenothera, L-cysteine, glutathione or N-acetylcysteine. The skin care preparation for external use contains the same. The skin care preparation enhances transglutaminase activity, has differentiation induction activity of keratinocyte, controls incomplete keratinization of epidermis to normalize epidermis keratinization and to prevent aging of the skin, has young skin providing effects such as ameliorating effect on chapped skin and keratin and skin beautifying effect (softness, moist feeling, firmness, gloss, transparent feeling, or the like) and is highly safe. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、トランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、及び表皮角化正常化剤に関し、更に詳しくは、N−アセチルシステイン、L−システイン、グルタチオン、マツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上からなるトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、及び表皮角化正常化剤を有効成分として含有する皮膚外用剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術および発明が解決しようとする課題】表皮の最も重要な生理機能の一つとして、外界からの様々な刺激、例えば、乾燥、紫外線、その他の物理的、化学的刺激に対する防御機能が挙げられ、その防御機能の役割を担うのが角質層である。この角質層を形成する角質細胞は、表皮角化細胞の分化によって次々と新しく作られ、古くなった角質細胞は表皮から離脱していく。これが、皮膚のターンオーバーと言われる現象である。この皮膚のターンオーバーが、何らかの原因でこの分化が阻害されたり、或いは異常に亢進されたりすると、正常な皮膚ターンオーバーが行なわれなくなり、様々な角化異常症、例えば乾皮症やざ瘡を引き起こす。
【0003】このような皮膚疾患以外にも、加齢に伴い皮膚のターンオーバーが遅くなり、そのために機能的にやや劣った古い角質細胞が皮膚表面に遺残し、水分保持機能の低下につながり乾燥肌を引き起こす。又、加齢に伴い、表皮代謝機能の低下又は異常により、不全角化、表皮肥厚がしばしば誘発され、肌のくすみを引き起こす原因となっている。そして、皮膚のターンオーバーが遅くなり、角化が正常に機能しないことにより、皮膚疾患を起こし、引いては外観的美しさをも失う可能性がある。このように、健康で美しい肌の実現には角化を正常化することは非常に重要であると言える。
【0004】従来、様々な肌トラブルを解消する手段として、種々の外的刺激や加齢により失われるアミノ酸等のNMF、コラーゲン、ヒアルロン酸等の成分を皮膚に補給する目的でそれらの成分を配合した皮膚外用剤、及び外的刺激である紫外線や活性酸素から皮膚を守るための防御物質を配合した皮膚外用剤を用いることが主流であった。しかし、これらは皮膚そのものが持つ機能を改善するものではなく、十分な効果を有するものではなかった。
【0005】
【問題を解決する手段】トランスグルタミナーゼ(以下TGaseと記す。)は、インボルクリン、ロリクリンなどの皮膚のコーニファイドエンベロープ(cornified cell envelope:以下CEと記す。)構成タンパク質を架橋することにより、皮膚の角質化に関与していることが知られている。1998年、TGaseファミリーの中で初めてケラチノサイトTGaseのノックアウトマウスがつくられ、この酵素が皮膚の形成と個体の生存に必須有であることが明らかにされた(Masuki M,et al:Rroc Natl Acad Sci USA(1998)18:111−117)。又、ヒトの先天性葉状魚鱗癬の原因はケラチノサイトTGase遺伝子の欠陥であることが最近解明された。更に、2001年9月4日発行の化学工業日報記事中の報告では、CEの成熟度と皮膚バリア機能の関係を明らかにし、皮膚バリア機能が低下した肌では未熟なCEが存在することを確認したことが記載されおり、その未熟なCEが形成される要因が、乾燥している状況下において、CE形成に関与するTGaseが働きにくいためである結論づけている。
【0006】そこで、本発明者らは、かかる実情に鑑み鋭意検討した結果、N−アセチルシステイン、L−システイン、グルタチオン、及びマツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物にトランスグルタミナーゼの活性を亢進する効果を見出し、皮膚角化を正常化することによって、加齢による角化不全を正常化し、肌のくすみを改善し、透明感のある健康で美しい肌を実現して、本発明を完成するに至った。従って、本発明の皮膚外用剤を化粧用クリーム、乳液等に調製・使用することにより、皮膚の老化を防止し、しわのない、滑らかで潤いのある若々しい肌を与えることができるものであり、このように本発明の皮膚外用剤は、優れた表皮角化促進、かつ安全性が高いことから、医薬品、医薬部外品、化粧品等の各種用途に使用することができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。本発明で使用することができるマツヨイグサ属植物とは、アカバナカ科マツヨイグサ属の植物であれば限定されず、例えば、ツキミソウ(Oenotheratetraptera)、メマツヨイグサ(Oenothera biennis)、コマツヨイグサ(Oenothera laciniata)、マツヨイグサ(Oenothera striata)、オオマツヨイグサ(Oenothera erythrosepala)等が挙げられる。又、本発明では当該植物の茎、葉、花、花蕾、種子等を利用することができ、特に種子を好適に用いることができる。
【0008】抽出物は、植物体をそのまま或いは粉砕後、搾取したもの、又はそのまま或いは粉砕後、溶媒で抽出する。抽出溶媒としては、水、アルコール類(例えば、メタノール、無水エタノール、エタノールなどの低級アルコール、或いはプロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコールなどの多価アルコール)、アセトンなどのケトン類、エチルエーテル、ジオキサン、アセトニトリル、酢酸エチルエステルなどの有機溶媒を、単独又は2種類以上を任意に組み合わせて使用することができる。
【0009】マツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物は、応用する剤型・形態に従い、乾燥、濃縮、或いは希釈、他成分との混合などを任意に調製することができる。
【0010】抽出方法は、通常、常圧下で行い、効率を上げるため加熱することもできる。抽出後は濾過及び/又はイオン交換樹脂等のカラムを用い精製して溶液状、ペースト状、ゲル状、又は粉末状とする。多くの場合は抽出液のままの状態で利用できるが、必要に応じて本発明効果に影響のない範囲で更に脱臭、脱色などの精製処理を行うことも可能である。尚、脱臭、脱色などの精製処理手段としては、活性炭カラム等を使用できる。
【0011】本発明に用いることができるN−アセチルシステインは、特に限定はなく、化粧品種別配合成分規格収載のN−アセチルシステインが好ましい。本発明に用いることができるL−システインは、特に限定はなく、化粧品種別配合成分規格収載のL−システインが好ましい。本発明に用いることができるグルタチオンは特に限定はなく、化粧品種別配合成分規格収載のグルタチオンが好ましい。
【0012】
アセチルシステイン、L−システイン、グルタチオン、及びマツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物は、トランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、表皮角化正常化剤、又は皮膚外用剤への配合原料として利用できる。その含有量は有効量含有されておれば問題なく、応用剤型の種類、使用法、期待する作用の程度によって多少異なる。固形分として0.001質量%以上(以下、%で表わす。)が好ましく、更に好ましくは0.01%以上である。
【0013】本発明で用いられる保湿剤としては、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、1,3−ブチレングリコール、ソルビトール、ポリグリセリン、ポリエチレングリコール2000、ジプロピレングリコールなどの多価アルコール類、トリメチルグリシンなどのアミノ酸誘導体、乳酸ナトリウム、ピロリドンカルボン酸カリウム、アミノ酸などのNMF成分、ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム、トレハロース、ヘパリノイド、コンドロイチン硫酸ナトリウムなどの糖類、コラーゲン加水分解物、セラミド類、尿素などを、1種又は2種以上配合することができる。配合量は通常、各種皮膚外用剤中に0.05〜30%配合するのが好ましい。0.05%未満ではその効果は発揮されず、30%を超える配合は製剤の使用感を悪くするなどの不都合を生じるおそれがある。
【0014】本発明の表皮のトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤及び表皮角化正常化剤は、薬用皮膚外用剤、化粧料等の種々の使用形態をとることができる。薬用皮膚外用剤としては、例えば、薬効成分を含有する各種の軟膏剤が挙げられる。軟膏剤としては、油性基剤をベースとするもの、油/水、水/油型の乳化系基剤をベースとするもののいずれであってもよい。上記油性基剤としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、植物油、動物油、合成油、脂肪酸、及び天然又は合成のグリセライド等が挙げられる。又、上記薬効成分としては、特に制限はなく、例えば、鎮痛消炎剤、鎮痒剤、殺菌消毒剤、収斂剤、皮膚軟化剤、ホルモン剤等を必要に応じて適宜使用することができる。
【0015】又、化粧料として使用する場合は、化粧料成分として一般に使用されている油分、保湿剤、紫外線吸収剤、アルコール類、キレート剤、pH調整剤、防腐剤、増粘剤、色素、香料等を任意に組み合わせて配合することができる。化粧料としては、種々の用途及び形態、例えば、水/油、油/水型乳化化粧料、クリーム、化粧乳液、化粧水、油性化粧料、口紅、ファンデーション、皮膚洗浄剤、ヘアートニック、整髪剤、養毛剤、育毛剤等として用いることができる。
【0016】
【実施例】次に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0017】(月見草抽出物の製法)
月見草(100g)を70%エタノール溶液(1kg)、又は30%1,3−ブチレングリコール溶液(1kg)、又は30%プロピレングリコール溶液(1kg)、又は精製水(1kg)に浸漬し、室温にて5昼夜抽出した後、濾過して抽出液(乾燥固形分換算:約0.3〜3.0質量%)を約1kg得る。又、必要によりイオン交換樹脂による吸着及び/又はゲル濾過を行い精製することもできる。更に濃縮,乾燥を行うことにより粉末状態の抽出物を得ることも可能である。
【0018】(トランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進作用試験)
〔試験方法及び評価方法〕
TGaseの活性測定は、ベンジルオキシカルボニル−L−グルタミニルグリシン(以下CBZ−L−Gln−Glyと記す。)とヒドロキシルアミンを基質として反応を行い、生成したヒドロキサム酸をトリクロロ酢酸存在下で鉄と反応させて鉄錯体を形成させ、500nmの吸光を測定し、ヒドロキサム酸の量を検量線より求め活性を算出する。TGase活性は特に記載しない限り以下に記載する方法により測定した。
〔活性測定法〕
試薬A:1.0Mトリス塩酸緩衝液(pH7.5)18μlと2.0Mヒドロキシルアミン6μlと0.4Mジチオスレイトール(DTT)2.4μlと0.2MCBZ−L−Gln−Gly18μlと0.1M塩化カルシウム6μlと蒸留水69.6μlを混合する。
試薬B:2.5N塩酸15%とトリクロロ酢酸5%とFeCl・6HO(0.1NHClに溶解)を1:1:1の比率で混合しする。
【0019】酵素液の0.015mlと1%試験試液0.015mlに試薬A0.12 mlを加えて混合し37℃で60分間反応後、試薬B0.15mlを加えて反応停止と鉄錯体の形成を行った後、500nmの吸光度を測定する。対照としてあらかじめ熱失活させた酵素液を用いて同様に反応させたものの吸光度を測定し、酵素液との吸光度差を求める。別に酵素液の代わりにL−グルタミン酸γ−モノヒドロキサム酸を用いて検量線を作成し、前記吸光度差より生成されたヒドロキサム酸の量を求め1分間に1μモルのヒドロキサム酸を生成する酵素活性を1単位とした。無添加(コントロール)の活性を100とした時の各試験試液を添加した時の酵素活性を算出した結果を表1に示す。
【0020】
【表1】

Figure 2004091376
【0021】上記表1に示した結果のように、マツヨイグサ属植物抽出物である月見草抽出物では、コントロールに対して約3.2倍という高いトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進効果が認められた。従って、L−システイン、グルタチオン、N−アセチルシステイン、特に月見草抽出物はトランスグルタミナーゼを活性化することによって角化細胞の分化誘導活性を有し、表皮の不全角化を抑制することが示唆された。
【0022】(損傷治癒皮膚の状態改善効果試験)
皮膚の角化正常化効果を調べるために、下記実施例1〜実施例4、及び比較例1に示す組成の化粧水を用いて、以下の方法により、損傷治癒皮膚の状態改善効果について評価試験を行った。
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 2004091376
【0024】1群6匹6群の白色ハートレイ系雌性モルモット(体重350〜500g)の背部を剃毛し、ガムテープで4回ストリッピングした後、その部分が瘡蓋状になるまで、5日間放置した。その後、各群のモルモットの上記部分に表2記載の0.001%月見草抽出物配合の実施例1、0.001%L−システイン配合の実施例2、0.001%グルタチオン配合の実施例3、0.001%N−アセチルシステイン配合の実施例4の化粧水をそれぞれ0.05ml/dayで3日間塗布した。又、同様にして、コントロール群には比較例1の化粧水を経皮塗布した。
【0025】塗布終了後、上記部分を毎日観察し周囲の皮膚と変わりなくなるまでにかかった日数を調べた。表3に各群のモルモット6匹の平均治癒日数を示す。
【0026】
【表3】
Figure 2004091376
【0027】表3に示す結果から明らかなように、本発明のトランスクルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤又は表皮角化正常化剤を構成する物質を含有する実験例1〜実施例4の化粧水を経皮投与されたモルモット群はいずれも、比較例1のコントロール化粧水を経皮投与されたモルモット群に比べて、瘡蓋状から通常の皮膚状態になるまでに要する日数が短い。
【0028】(皮膚光老化改善効果試験)
1群2匹のヘアレスマウス(hos:HR−1、9〜10週齢、雌)背部皮膚に紫外線(UV−B)を1日1回50mJ/日・cmとなるように照射したのち、表4に示した被験溶液(比較例2〜比較例5、実施例5〜実施例12)100μlを均一になるように塗布し、これを週5日、5週間行った。尚、紫外線照射時には、皮膚上に残っている被験物質を30%エタノール溶液で良く拭き取ってから照射を行った。5週間の紫外線照射と塗布が終了したところで、角層水分量をSkicon−200〔アイ・ビィ・エス(株)社製〕、経表皮水分喪失(以下、TEWLと記す。)をTEWAMETER TM210(Courage& Khazaka社製)、皮膚弾力性をCutometer SEM575(Courage & Khazaka社製)を用いて評価した。
【0029】評価した3指標については、各指標のコントロール群(比較例2)の値と比較し、表4の評価基準にて評価し、その結果を表5に示す。尚、TEWLについては、コントロール群の経表皮水分喪失量を100として各実施例及び各比較例の経表皮水分喪失量を示し評価基準とした。
【0030】
【表4】
Figure 2004091376
【0031】
【表5】
Figure 2004091376
【0032】表5の結果から明らかなように、月見草抽出物、L−システイン、グルタチオン、N−アセチルシステインを含む実施例5〜実施例12は、何れも皮膚光老化に対して高い予防効果を示し、保湿剤との併用においては(実施例9〜実施例12)では極めて顕著な効果を示すことが判明した。
【0033】(くすみ改善効果)
顔がくすんでいることを自覚している年齢25〜60歳の健常な女性10名を被験者とし、下記実施例13化粧用クリームを左顔面に下記比較例6化粧用クリームを右顔面に連日、1日2回塗布して1ヵ月間使用した後、くすみ改善効果について調べた。
【0034】
(実施例13及び比較例6)
Figure 2004091376
製法:前記水相の原料を混合し、加熱して70゜Cに保ち水層部とする。一方、他の成分を混合し、加熱溶解して70゜Cとして油相部とする。この油相部を前述の水層部に加えて予備乳化を行い、ホモミキサーで均一に乳化し、30゜Cまで冷却しクリームを得る。
【0035】
(くすみ改善効果)
肌の明るさ、透明感、くすみ具合の変化を本人の実感アンケート調査にて評価した。評価方法は下記の判断基準にて行い、結果は表6の通りで表中の数値は人数を表す。尚、使用期間中に皮膚トラブル等の異常を訴えた者はなかった。
(判定基準)
有効: 肌が明るくなった、透明感が感じられる、くすみが薄くなった。
やや有効: 肌がやや明るくなった、透明感がやや感じられる、くすみがやや薄くなった。
効果なし:肌に変化がない、くすみがある。
【0036】
【表6】
Figure 2004091376
【0037】表6から明らかなように、実施例13で得られた化粧用クリームを用いた場合には、比較例6で得られた化粧用クリームを用いた場合よりも、肌の明るさ、透明感アップ、くすみ具合が薄くなり、改善されていることが認められる。このことは、月見草抽出物を含有する処方が皮膚のくすみを改善し、透明感のある肌に導くのに極めて有用であることを示すものである。
【0038】以下、本発明皮膚外用剤を配合した処方例を示す。下記の例は、いずれも肌荒れ改善効果、角質改善効果、美肌効果(滑らかさ、しっとり感、張り、艶など)といった優れた効果を示し、安全性も良好なものであった。
【処方例】以下に本発明の処方例を挙げる。
【0039】
(処方例1)ジェル
Figure 2004091376
〔製法〕(12)に(4)を均一に溶解した(水相)。一方、(1)に(7)と(3)を溶解し、これを水相に添加した。次いでここに、(2)、(8)〜(11)を加えた後、(5)、(6)で中和させ増粘させ、ジェルを得る。
【0040】
(処方例2)美容液
Figure 2004091376
〔製法〕A相、C相をそれぞれ均一に溶解し、C相にA相を加えて可溶化した。次いでB相を加え美容液を得る。
【0041】
(処方例3)乳液
Figure 2004091376
〔製法〕前記水相の原料を混合し、加熱して70゜Cに保ち水層部とする。一方、他の成分を混合し、加熱溶解して70゜Cとして油相部とする。この油相部を前述の水層部に加えて乳化し、30゜Cまで冷却し乳液を得る。
【0042】
(処方例4)パック剤
Figure 2004091376
〔製法〕水相の原料を混合し、均一にする。さらに他成分を混合し、均一になるまで攪拌し、パック剤を得る。
【0043】
(処方例5)クリーム状ファンデーション
Figure 2004091376
〔製法〕顔料を混合し粉砕する。水相を調整し、これに混合した顔料を加え分散させた後、75゜Cに加熱する。油相を調整し80゜Cに加熱する。油相を水相に攪拌しながら加え乳化した後冷却し、50゜Cで香料を加えさらに30゜Cまで冷却しクリーム状ファンデーションを得る。
【0044】
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、トランスグルタミナーゼ活性を亢進し、角化細胞の分化誘導活性を有し、表皮の不全角化を抑制することにより、表皮角化を正常化し、皮膚の老化防止が図られ、肌荒れ改善効果、角質改善効果、美肌効果(滑らかさ、しっとり感、張り、艶、透明感など)といった若々しい肌を与える効果をもち、安全性の高い皮膚外用剤が提供される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transglutaminase activity enhancer and an agent for normalizing epidermal keratinization, and more particularly, selected from N-acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione, and extracts of plants of the genus Oenothera. The present invention relates to an external preparation for skin containing one or more transglutaminase activity enhancers and an agent for normalizing epidermal keratinization as active ingredients.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION One of the most important physiological functions of the epidermis is its ability to protect against various stimuli from the outside, for example, dryness, ultraviolet rays, and other physical and chemical stimuli. It is the stratum corneum that plays a role in its defense function. The keratinocytes forming the stratum corneum are newly formed one after another by the differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes, and the old keratinocytes detach from the epidermis. This is a phenomenon called skin turnover. If this skin turnover is inhibited or abnormally enhanced for some reason, normal skin turnover will not be performed and various dyskeratosis such as xeroderma and acne will occur. cause.
[0003] In addition to such skin diseases, the turnover of the skin is delayed with aging, so that old keratinocytes, which are slightly inferior in function, remain on the skin surface, leading to a decrease in the function of retaining moisture and drying. Causes skin. Further, with aging, parakeratosis and epidermal hyperplasia are often induced due to a decrease or abnormality in epidermal metabolic function, which causes dull skin. The slow turnover of the skin and the malfunction of the keratinization may cause skin diseases, which may lead to loss of aesthetic beauty. Thus, it can be said that normalization of keratinization is very important for realizing healthy and beautiful skin.
Conventionally, as a means of solving various skin troubles, various components such as NMF, collagen, hyaluronic acid and the like, which are lost due to external stimuli and aging, are added to the skin for the purpose of replenishing the components. It has been the mainstream to use a skin external preparation prepared as described above and a skin external preparation containing a protective substance for protecting the skin from ultraviolet rays and active oxygen which are external stimuli. However, these do not improve the function of the skin itself, and have not had a sufficient effect.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems] Transglutaminase (hereinafter referred to as TGase) is a keratin of the skin by cross-linking a constituent protein of a cornified cell envelope (hereinafter referred to as CE) such as involucrin and loriculin. It is known to be involved in transformation. In 1998, a keratinocyte TGase knockout mouse was created for the first time in the TGase family, and it was revealed that this enzyme is essential for skin formation and individual survival (Masuki M, et al: Rroc Natl Acad Sci. USA (1998) 18: 111-117). It has also recently been elucidated that the cause of human congenital ichthyotic ichthyosis is a defect in the keratinocyte TGase gene. Furthermore, a report in the Chemical Daily published on September 4, 2001 clarified the relationship between the maturity of CE and the skin barrier function, and confirmed that immature CE exists in skin with reduced skin barrier function. It is concluded that the reason that the immature CE is formed is that TGase involved in the formation of CE hardly works in a dry condition.
Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in view of such circumstances, and as a result, have found that N-acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione, and the extract of plants of the genus Oenothera enhance the activity of transglutaminase. By normalizing the keratinization of the skin, dyskeratosis due to aging was normalized, the dullness of the skin was improved, and a transparent, healthy and beautiful skin was realized, and the present invention was completed. Therefore, by preparing and using the skin external preparation of the present invention in a cosmetic cream, a milky lotion, etc., it is possible to prevent skin aging and to give wrinkle-free, smooth, moist and youthful skin. As described above, the external preparation for skin of the present invention can be used for various uses such as pharmaceuticals, quasi-drugs, cosmetics, etc. because of excellent promotion of epidermal keratinization and high safety.
[0007]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The primrose genus plant that can be used in the present invention is not limited as long as it is a plant belonging to the genus primrose genus of the family Acacia catechu. stria), Oenothera erythrosepala, and the like. In the present invention, stems, leaves, flowers, flower buds, seeds, and the like of the plant can be used, and seeds can be particularly preferably used.
[0008] The extract is obtained by extracting the plant as it is or after crushing it, or extracting it with a solvent as it is or after crushing it. Examples of the extraction solvent include water, alcohols (for example, lower alcohols such as methanol, anhydrous ethanol, and ethanol, or polyhydric alcohols such as propylene glycol and 1,3-butylene glycol), ketones such as acetone, ethyl ether, and dioxane. , Acetonitrile, and ethyl acetate can be used alone or in any combination of two or more.
The extract of the plant of the genus Oenothera can be arbitrarily prepared by drying, concentrating, diluting, or mixing with other components, depending on the dosage form and form to be applied.
[0010] The extraction method is usually performed under normal pressure, and may be heated to increase the efficiency. After the extraction, it is filtered and / or purified using a column such as an ion-exchange resin to obtain a solution, paste, gel, or powder. In many cases, the extract can be used as it is, but if necessary, further purification treatment such as deodorization and decolorization can be performed within a range that does not affect the effects of the present invention. In addition, as a purification treatment means such as deodorization and decolorization, an activated carbon column or the like can be used.
[0011] The N-acetylcysteine that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and N-acetylcysteine listed in the specification of the compounding component for each cosmetic variety is preferable. There is no particular limitation on L-cysteine that can be used in the present invention, and L-cysteine listed in the standard of compounding components for each cosmetic variety is preferable. Glutathione that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and glutathione listed in the specification of the compounding component for each cosmetic variety is preferable.
[0012]
Acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione, and extracts of the plant of the genus Oenothera can be used as a raw material to be incorporated into a transglutaminase activity enhancer, a normalizing agent for epidermal keratinization, or an external preparation for skin. The content thereof is not a problem as long as it is contained in an effective amount, and slightly varies depending on the type of the applied dosage form, the method of use, and the expected effect. The solid content is preferably 0.001% by mass or more (hereinafter represented by%), and more preferably 0.01% or more.
The humectant used in the present invention includes polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin, propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, sorbitol, polyglycerin, polyethylene glycol 2000, dipropylene glycol, and amino acid derivatives such as trimethylglycine. One or more NMF components such as sodium lactate, potassium pyrrolidonecarboxylate, amino acids, sugars such as sodium hyaluronate, trehalose, heparinoid, sodium chondroitin sulfate, collagen hydrolyzate, ceramides, urea, etc. be able to. Usually, it is preferable to mix 0.05 to 30% in various skin external preparations. If the content is less than 0.05%, the effect is not exhibited, and if the content exceeds 30%, there is a possibility that inconveniences such as deterioration in use feeling of the preparation may be caused.
The epidermal transglutaminase activity enhancer and the epidermal keratinizing agent of the present invention can take various forms such as a medicated skin external preparation and cosmetics. Examples of the medicated skin external preparation include various ointments containing a medicinal ingredient. The ointment may be any of those based on an oily base and those based on an oil / water or water / oil type emulsified base. The oily base is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, vegetable oil, animal oil, synthetic oil, fatty acid, and natural or synthetic glyceride. The medicinal component is not particularly limited, and for example, an analgesic / inflammation agent, an antipruritic, a bactericidal disinfectant, an astringent, an emollient, a hormonal agent, and the like can be used as needed.
When used as cosmetics, oils, humectants, ultraviolet absorbers, alcohols, chelating agents, pH adjusters, preservatives, thickeners, pigments generally used as cosmetic ingredients are used. Perfumes and the like can be arbitrarily combined and blended. As cosmetics, various uses and forms, for example, water / oil, oil / water type emulsified cosmetics, creams, cosmetic emulsions, lotions, oily cosmetics, lipsticks, foundations, skin cleansers, hair tonics, hair styling agents , A hair restorer, a hair restorer and the like.
[0016]
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
(Method for producing evening primrose extract)
Evening primrose (100 g) is immersed in a 70% ethanol solution (1 kg), a 30% 1,3-butylene glycol solution (1 kg), or a 30% propylene glycol solution (1 kg), or purified water (1 kg), and at room temperature. After extraction for 5 days and nights, the mixture is filtered to obtain about 1 kg of an extract (dry solid content: about 0.3 to 3.0% by mass). Further, if necessary, purification can be carried out by adsorption with an ion exchange resin and / or gel filtration. It is also possible to obtain an extract in a powder state by performing concentration and drying.
(Test for enhancing transglutaminase activity)
[Test method and evaluation method]
The activity of TGase was measured by reacting benzyloxycarbonyl-L-glutaminylglycine (hereinafter referred to as CBZ-L-Gln-Gly) with hydroxylamine as a substrate, and converting the generated hydroxamic acid with iron in the presence of trichloroacetic acid. The reaction is allowed to form an iron complex, the absorbance at 500 nm is measured, and the amount of hydroxamic acid is determined from a calibration curve to calculate the activity. TGase activity was measured by the method described below unless otherwise specified.
(Activity measurement method)
Reagent A: 18 μl of 1.0 M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5), 6 μl of 2.0 M hydroxylamine, 2.4 μl of 0.4 M dithiothreitol (DTT), 18 μl of 0.2 MCBZ-L-Gln-Gly and 0.1 M Mix 6 μl of calcium chloride and 69.6 μl of distilled water.
Reagent B: 2.5 N hydrochloric acid 15% and 5% trichloroacetic acid and FeCl 3 · 6H 2 O (dissolved in 0.1N HCl) 1: 1: to 1 mixture ratio.
To 0.015 ml of the enzyme solution and 0.015 ml of a 1% test solution, 0.12 ml of reagent A is added and mixed, and the mixture is reacted at 37 ° C. for 60 minutes. Then, 0.15 ml of reagent B is added to stop the reaction and form an iron complex. After that, the absorbance at 500 nm is measured. As a control, the absorbance of an enzyme solution that has been reacted in the same manner using an enzyme solution that has been heat-inactivated in advance is measured, and the absorbance difference from the enzyme solution is determined. Separately, a calibration curve was prepared using L-glutamic acid γ-monohydroxamic acid instead of the enzyme solution, and the amount of hydroxamic acid generated was determined from the absorbance difference to determine the enzymatic activity to produce 1 μmol hydroxamic acid per minute. One unit was used. Table 1 shows the results of calculating the enzyme activity when each test solution was added when the activity without addition (control) was set to 100.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004091376
As shown in Table 1, the extract of evening primrose, a primrose genus plant extract, exhibited a transglutaminase activity-enhancing effect about 3.2 times higher than that of the control. Therefore, it was suggested that L-cysteine, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, especially evening primrose extract has a keratinocyte differentiation-inducing activity by activating transglutaminase, and suppresses epidermal parakeratosis. .
(Test for improving the condition of wound healing skin)
In order to examine the effect of normalizing the keratinization of the skin, an evaluation test was carried out using the lotion having the composition shown in the following Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 to improve the condition of the wound-healing skin by the following method. Was done.
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004091376
The back of a group of six white hartley female guinea pigs (body weight: 350 to 500 g) was shaved and stripped four times with gum tape, and then left for 5 days until the part became crust-like. . Then, in the above part of each group of guinea pigs, Example 1 containing 0.001% evening primrose extract described in Table 2, Example 2 containing 0.001% L-cysteine, Example 3 containing 0.001% glutathione. And the lotion of Example 4 containing 0.001% N-acetylcysteine was applied at 0.05 ml / day for 3 days. Similarly, the lotion of Comparative Example 1 was transdermally applied to the control group.
After the completion of the application, the above-mentioned portion was observed daily, and the number of days required until the skin became the same as the surrounding skin was examined. Table 3 shows the average number of healing days of 6 guinea pigs in each group.
[0026]
[Table 3]
Figure 2004091376
As is clear from the results shown in Table 3, the lotions of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 containing the substance constituting the transcurtaminase activity enhancer or the epidermal keratinizing agent of the present invention were transdermally applied. In each of the guinea pig groups to which the control lotion of Comparative Example 1 was applied, the number of days required to change from a scaby state to a normal skin condition was shorter than that of the guinea pig group to which the control lotion of Comparative Example 1 was transdermally administered.
(Skin photoaging improvement effect test)
After irradiating the back skin of two hairless mice (hos: HR-1, 9 to 10 weeks old, female) in one group with ultraviolet rays (UV-B) once a day at 50 mJ / day · cm 2 , 100 μl of the test solutions (Comparative Examples 2 to 5, and Examples 5 to 12) shown in Table 4 were uniformly applied, and this was performed 5 days a week for 5 weeks. At the time of ultraviolet irradiation, the test substance remaining on the skin was thoroughly wiped with a 30% ethanol solution before irradiation. After 5 weeks of UV irradiation and application, the water content of the stratum corneum was measured by Skicon-200 (manufactured by IBS Co., Ltd.) and transepidermal water loss (hereinafter referred to as TEWL) was measured by TEWAMETER TM210 (Courage & Co.). (Khazaka) and skin elasticity were evaluated using Cutometer SEM575 (Courage & Khazaka).
The three indices evaluated were compared with the values in the control group (Comparative Example 2) of each index, and evaluated according to the evaluation criteria in Table 4. The results are shown in Table 5. With respect to TEWL, the transepidermal water loss of each of the examples and comparative examples was defined as the transdermal water loss of the control group as 100, and was used as an evaluation standard.
[0030]
[Table 4]
Figure 2004091376
[0031]
[Table 5]
Figure 2004091376
As is clear from the results in Table 5, Examples 5 to 12 containing evening primrose extract, L-cysteine, glutathione and N-acetylcysteine all have a high protective effect against skin photoaging. It was found that when used in combination with the humectant (Examples 9 to 12), a very remarkable effect was exhibited.
(Effect of improving dullness)
Ten healthy women aged 25 to 60 years old who are aware that the face is dull were taken as subjects, and the following Example 13 cosmetic cream on the left face and the following Comparative Example 6 cosmetic cream on the right face every day, After being applied twice a day and used for one month, the effect of improving dullness was examined.
[0034]
(Example 13 and Comparative Example 6)
Figure 2004091376
Production method: The raw materials for the aqueous phase are mixed and heated to 70 ° C. to form an aqueous layer. On the other hand, other components are mixed and dissolved by heating to 70 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. This oil phase is added to the above-mentioned aqueous layer to carry out preliminary emulsification, homogenized with a homomixer, and cooled to 30 ° C. to obtain a cream.
[0035]
(Effect of improving dullness)
Changes in skin brightness, translucency, and dullness were evaluated by a questionnaire survey of the person's actual feeling. The evaluation method was performed according to the following criteria, and the results are as shown in Table 6 and the numbers in the table represent the number of persons. No one complained of abnormalities such as skin troubles during the use period.
(Judgment criteria)
Effective: Skin became lighter, translucency was felt, and dullness became thinner.
Slightly effective: Skin became slightly lighter, translucency was slightly felt, and dullness was slightly lighter.
No effect: There is no change on the skin, there is dullness.
[0036]
[Table 6]
Figure 2004091376
As is clear from Table 6, when the cosmetic cream obtained in Example 13 was used, the brightness of the skin was improved, compared with the case where the cosmetic cream obtained in Comparative Example 6 was used. It is recognized that the transparency is improved and the degree of dullness is reduced and improved. This indicates that the formulation containing evening primrose extract is extremely useful for improving dullness of the skin and leading to clear skin.
The following is an example of a formulation containing the skin external preparation of the present invention. The following examples all exhibited excellent effects such as skin roughness improvement effect, keratin improvement effect, and beautiful skin effect (smoothness, moist feeling, tension, gloss, etc.), and good safety.
[Prescription Examples] The following are prescription examples of the present invention.
[0039]
(Prescription example 1) Gel
Figure 2004091376
[Production method] (4) was uniformly dissolved in (12) (aqueous phase). On the other hand, (7) and (3) were dissolved in (1) and added to the aqueous phase. Next, (2) and (8) to (11) are added thereto, and then neutralized and thickened by (5) and (6) to obtain a gel.
[0040]
(Prescription example 2) serum
Figure 2004091376
[Preparation method] A phase and C phase were each uniformly dissolved, and A phase was added to C phase for solubilization. Subsequently, the phase B is added to obtain a serum.
[0041]
(Formulation Example 3) Emulsion
Figure 2004091376
[Production method] The raw materials for the aqueous phase are mixed and heated to 70 ° C. to form an aqueous layer. On the other hand, other components are mixed and dissolved by heating to 70 ° C. to obtain an oil phase. The oil phase is added to the aqueous layer and emulsified, and cooled to 30 ° C. to obtain an emulsion.
[0042]
(Formulation Example 4) Packing agent
Figure 2004091376
[Production method] The raw materials of the aqueous phase are mixed and made uniform. Further, other components are mixed and stirred until the mixture becomes uniform to obtain a pack.
[0043]
(Formulation Example 5) Creamy foundation
Figure 2004091376
[Production method] A pigment is mixed and pulverized. The aqueous phase is adjusted, and the mixed pigment is added and dispersed, and then heated to 75 ° C. Adjust the oil phase and heat to 80 ° C. The oil phase is added to the aqueous phase while stirring, emulsified and cooled, and a fragrance is added at 50 ° C and further cooled to 30 ° C to obtain a creamy foundation.
[0044]
Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, transglutaminase activity is enhanced, keratinocyte differentiation inducing activity is suppressed, and epidermal parakeratosis is suppressed, thereby normalizing epidermal keratinization and skin aging. Provides a highly safe skin external preparation that has the effect of giving youthful skin such as skin roughness improvement effect, keratin improvement effect, and beautiful skin effect (smoothness, moist feeling, tension, gloss, transparency, etc.) Is done.

Claims (5)

N−アセチルシステイン、L−システイン、グルタチオン、及びマツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上からなるトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤。A transglutaminase activity enhancer comprising one or more selected from N-acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione, and extracts of the primrose genus plant. N−アセチルシステイン、L−システイン、グルタチオン、及びマツヨイグサ属植物の抽出物から選ばれる1種又は2種以上からなる表皮角化正常化剤。An agent for normalizing epidermal keratinization comprising one or more members selected from N-acetylcysteine, L-cysteine, glutathione, and extracts of the primrose genus plant. 請求項1項記載のトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、及び/又は請求項2項記載の表皮角化正常化剤を含有することを特徴とする皮膚外用剤。An external preparation for skin comprising the transglutaminase activity enhancer according to claim 1 and / or the normalizing agent for epidermal keratinization according to claim 2. 保湿剤を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載のトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、又は請求項2記載の表皮角化正常化剤、又は請求項3記載の皮膚外用剤。The transglutaminase activity enhancer according to claim 1, which contains a humectant, the epidermal keratinizing agent according to claim 2, or the skin external preparation according to claim 3. マツヨウグサ属植物が月見草であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のトランスグルタミナーゼ活性亢進剤、及び請求項2記載の表皮角化正常化剤。3. The transglutaminase activity enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the evening primrose plant is evening primrose, and the epidermal keratinization normalizing agent according to claim 2.
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