JP2004051411A - Low-scaling cement, its manufacturing process and process for manufacturing cement product using this - Google Patents

Low-scaling cement, its manufacturing process and process for manufacturing cement product using this Download PDF

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JP2004051411A
JP2004051411A JP2002210643A JP2002210643A JP2004051411A JP 2004051411 A JP2004051411 A JP 2004051411A JP 2002210643 A JP2002210643 A JP 2002210643A JP 2002210643 A JP2002210643 A JP 2002210643A JP 2004051411 A JP2004051411 A JP 2004051411A
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cement
gypsum
water
low
scale
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JP2002210643A
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JP4393040B2 (en
Inventor
Hideaki Igarashi
五十嵐 秀明
Kazuo Konishi
小西 和夫
Sachio Yuge
弓削 祐夫
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Ube Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Ube Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To recycle water removed or recovered from a cement kneaded product as mixing water. <P>SOLUTION: The low-scaling cement has a dehydrated gypsum content (%) equal to or lower than a value calculated by the formula: [amount of water-soluble alkali (mass%)×(-200)+100], based on the total amount of gypsum in the cement. Alternatively, the cement has the dehydrated gypsum content(%) equal to or higher than the value, based on the total amount of gypsum in the cement, and contains 1-5 mass% compound active against sulfate ions as internal percentage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、リサイクル水を混練水として使用しても、混練成形装置あるいは混練水の循環経路へのスケールの析出量が少ないセメントに関する。本発明が対象とする製品としては、排水中のスラッジを脱水処理して使用する生コンクリートプラントで製造されるコンクリートあるいはコンクリート二次製品や、脱水プレス、抄造法等で製造される各種の繊維混入セメント板があげられる。何れにおいても、リサイクル水使用により、混練装置、脱水装置、排水経路等の内部にスケールが析出し、トラブルの原因になっている。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、混練水にリサイクル水を繰返し使用することが増えてきている。また、製品の強度を高めたり、同じ強度でも排水をできるだけ削減するため等の理由で、少ない水量で混練されることが増えてきている。
しかし、混練水として、セメント混練物から脱水されたリサイクル水を繰り返し使用すると、時間と共に混練装置や成形設備、輸送設備等の内部にスケールが付着し設備の正常な作動が妨げられ、不良品の発生率が増加したり、あるいは作業効率が低減するようになる。このため、従来は定期的に休転し、装置を交換あるいは作業員が装置内に入り込み、はつる等して対処療法的にスケールを除去する方法が採用されてきたが、抜本的な方法である、セメント自体の改良に注目した検討はなされてこなかった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、リサイクル水使用に伴う前記問題点が解決されたセメント組成物の提供を目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、脱水化率を規定したせっこうと、水溶性アルカリ量がある特定の関係にあるセメントが、低スケール性であることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
さらに、脱水せっこうに関し、それがセメントの粉砕工程での粉砕熱による昇温によって生ずることに注目し、粉砕温度と脱水せっこう量との関係を検討して適正な粉砕温度を見出すとともに粉砕温度を所定の温度にするために種々の方法を検討し、本発明を考案した。
すなわち、本件の第一発明は、セメント中の全せっこう量に対するに対する脱水せっこうの含有率(%)が、[水溶性アルカリ量(質量%)×(−200)+100]で計算される値以下であることを特徴とする低スケール性セメントに関する。
本件の第二発明は、セメント中のせっこう量に対する脱水せっこうの含有率(%)が[水溶性アルカリ量(質量%)×(−200)+100]で計算される値を超え、且つ対硫酸イオン活性化合物を内割で1〜5質量%含有する低スケール性セメントに関する。
本件の第三発明は、上記第一、第二発明において、セメント中の全せっこう量に対するせっこうの脱水化率が10〜80質量%、水溶性アルカリ量が0.10〜0.35質量%である低スケール性セメントに関する。
本件の第四発明は、上記第二発明において、対硫酸イオン活性化合物が、生石灰またはカルシウムアルミネート系化合物から選ばれる1種または2種である低スケール性セメントに関する。
本件の第五発明は、水溶性アルカリ量が0.10〜0.35質量%であるセメントを120℃以下の温度で粉砕処理して行う、上記第二発明に記載の低スケール性セメントの製造方法に関する。
更に、本件の第六発明は、上記第一乃至第四発明の低スケール性セメントを使用し、セメント製品製造工程で排出されるリサイクル水を使用して行う、セメント製品の製造方法に関する。
以下に本発明を詳しく説明する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
スケールの主成分はせっこうであることから、セメントから溶出した硫酸イオンとカルシウムイオンとが反応してスケールが析出するものと考えられるが、本発明者等は、セメント成分中で溶解度の大きい脱水せっこうと水溶性アルカリ(硫酸アルカリが主成分)量の影響を検討し、それらを適正範囲とすることによりスケールの発生が抑制できることを見出した。すなわち、本発明では、脱水せっこう含有率(%)が式(I)で計算される値よりも小さいセメントが、低スケール性を満足するものの一つである。
[水溶性アルカリ量(質量%)×(−200)+100]     (I)
ここで、脱水せっこうとは、半水せっこう及び無水せっこうを意味し、セメント中の全せっこう量に対する脱水せっこうの含有率(%)は、[セメント中の脱水せっこうのSO量]/[セメント中の全せっこうのSO量]で定義される値であるが、以下、脱水せっこうの含有率と略す。
【0006】
セメント中の水溶性アルカリは、ほぼ全量がクリンカー中の硫酸アルカリに由来することから、その量は、クリンカー製造の際の原料や燃料中に含まれるアルカリや硫黄分によって変化し、これらを調整することにより、所定の値とすることができる。
【0007】
含水せっこうからの脱水は、セメント粉砕時における摩擦熱による昇温によって促進されることから、脱水せっこう含有率は、当然、粉砕温度に依存するが、120℃で粉砕を行えば、脱水せっこう含有率は確実に30%以下となり、本件第一発明の条件を満たすセメントを得ることが出来る。
【0008】
セメントの低温下での粉砕は、粉砕時における摩擦により発生する粉砕熱を除去することで可能となるが、粉砕熱の除去法として好ましいのは、水冷ジャケット付きのサイクロンセパレータを使用する方法と、粉砕ミル内に原料に対して水を注入しながら粉砕を行う方法である。
【0009】
サイクロンセパレータは、必要に応じて粉砕熱除去用の水冷ジャケットまたは給水管を設定する以外は、セメント製造に一般的に用いられている装置が何ら支障なく使用できる。
【0010】
一方、粉砕ミル内に水を注入する場合には、注入量は原料に対して1〜2%とする。少ないと粉砕熱の除去が不完全であり、多すぎると本質的に水硬性であるセメントに悪い影響を与える。
【0011】
セメント中の脱水せっこう含有率が式(I)で計算される値を超えるセメントにおいては、対硫酸イオン活性化合物を添加して、低スケール性を付与することができる。脱水せっこうの含有率が式(I)で計算される値を超えるようなセメントでは、液相中のせっこうの過飽和が高いために、徐々にせっこうが装置に析出し、多量のスケールが発生する原因となる。このようなセメントに対硫酸イオン活性化合物を添加すると、セメントと水の混練直後に、せっこうやカルシウムサルフォアルミネート等の低溶解性塩が析出し、せっこうの過飽和度を急激に下げるためにせっこうの装置への付着すなわちスケールが発生し難くなると推察される。
対硫酸イオン活性化合物としては、例えば生石灰を挙げることができる。また、アルミナセメントのようなカルシウムアルミネート系化合物も使用することが出来る。その添加量は、セメント組成に依存するが、脱水せっこうの含有率が80質量%以下、水溶性アルカリ量が0.10〜0.35質量%であるセメントにおいては、内割で1〜5質量%の添加で十分であり、この範囲ではセメントの反応を阻害しない。
【0012】
本発明のセメントは一般のセメント同じように使用することが出来るが、特に、混練水を循環使用する場合に、その有用性は大きい。すなわち、セメント、骨材および必要に応じて添加される各種混和剤や添加剤、および水あるいは回収水を混練した後、目的に応じた成形、養生を経て二次製品を得ることが出来る。尚、対硫酸イオン活性化合物を添加する場合、その添加は、水を添加しての混練前または混練時の何れにおいて実施しても構わない。
以下では、具体例を挙げて、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。
【0013】
【実施例】
(1)低スケールセメント調製
実施例1、2および比較例1、2
水溶性アルカリ量の異なるA(0.16質量%)、B(0.31質量%)2種のセメントクリンカーを使用した。クリンカーに外割で4重量部の2水せっこうを加え、水冷ジャケット付きのサイクロンセパレータを有するサイクロンを用いて所定温度で粉砕し、セメント組成物を得た。温度コントロールは、ジャケットを流れる水量をコントロールして行った。
【0014】
実施例3
比較例2として調製したセメントに、対硫酸イオン活性化合物としてアルミナセメントを内割で2.5質量%添加して、セメント組成物を得た。
【0015】
得られたセメント組成物における脱水せっこう含有率および水溶性アルカリ量は夫々次の方法で測定した。
▲1▼脱水せっこう含有率:熱重量分析で測定した。
▲2▼水溶性アルカリ量:ASTM C11に準拠してNaとKイオン濃度を測定し、次式によって算出した。
水溶性アルカリ量=NaO+0.658K
【0016】
(2)スケール量測定
セメント50gに水100mlを加え、振とう機で10分間振とうした。静置後、メンブランフィルター(1μm)で一回目のろ過を行った。得られたろ液を60分間静置後、重量既知のメンブランフィルター(1μm)を用いて二回目のろ過を行った。メンブランフィルターを65℃で乾燥し、重量変化から析出物(スケール)の量を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 2004051411
【0018】
本発明のセメント組成物では、循環水1リットル当りのスケール発生量が30mg以下に抑えられている。この値は、混練装置等へのスケール付着が大幅に抑制される量である。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明によりリサイクル水使用に付随する本質的な問題が解決された。すなわち、装置へのスケール付着が無くなったことから、不良品の発生が減るのは勿論のこと、設備の休転回数を減らせることから作業効率の向上が可能となった。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cement in which the amount of scale deposited on a kneading molding apparatus or a circulation path of kneading water is small even when recycled water is used as kneading water. The products targeted by the present invention include concrete or secondary concrete products manufactured in a ready-mixed concrete plant using dewatered sludge in a dewatering process, and various fibers mixed with a dewatering press, a papermaking method and the like. There is a cement board. In any case, the use of recycled water causes scale to precipitate inside the kneading device, dewatering device, drainage path, and the like, causing trouble.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, repeated use of recycled water for kneading water has been increasing. In addition, kneading with a small amount of water is increasing for reasons such as increasing the strength of the product or reducing the drainage as much as possible even with the same strength.
However, if the recycled water dehydrated from the cement kneaded material is used repeatedly as the kneading water, scale will adhere to the inside of the kneading device, molding equipment, transport equipment, etc. over time, and the normal operation of the equipment will be hindered, and defective products will be removed. The incidence rate increases or the working efficiency decreases. For this reason, in the past, a method has been adopted in which the scale is periodically taken off, the device is replaced, or an operator enters the device, and the scale is removed in a coping treatment by, for example, removing the scale. There has been no study focusing on improving the cement itself.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a cement composition in which the above problems associated with the use of recycled water have been solved.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that cement having a specific relationship with gypsum having a specified dehydration ratio and a certain amount of water-soluble alkali have low scale properties, and completed the present invention.
Furthermore, regarding the dehydration gypsum, paying attention to the fact that it is caused by the temperature rise due to the heat of pulverization in the cement pulverization process, we examined the relationship between the pulverization temperature and the amount of dehydration gypsum to find out the appropriate pulverization temperature. Various methods were studied in order to obtain a predetermined temperature, and the present invention was devised.
That is, in the first invention of this case, the content (%) of dehydrated gypsum relative to the total amount of gypsum in cement is a value calculated by [aqueous alkali amount (mass%) × (−200) +100]. The present invention relates to a low-scale cement characterized by the following.
In the second invention of the present invention, the content (%) of dehydrated gypsum relative to the amount of gypsum in cement exceeds the value calculated by [aqueous alkali amount (mass%) × (−200) +100], and The present invention relates to a low-scale cement containing 1 to 5% by mass of a sulfate ion active compound.
In the third invention of the present invention, in the first and second inventions, the dehydration ratio of gypsum to the total amount of gypsum in the cement is 10 to 80% by mass, and the amount of water-soluble alkali is 0.10 to 0.35%. % Low-cement cement.
The fourth invention of the present invention relates to the low-scale cement according to the second invention, wherein the sulfate ion-active compound is one or two selected from quicklime or a calcium aluminate compound.
The fifth invention of the present invention is the production of the low-scale cement according to the second invention, wherein the cement having a water-soluble alkali content of 0.10 to 0.35% by mass is pulverized at a temperature of 120 ° C. or less. About the method.
Further, the sixth invention of the present invention relates to a method for producing a cement product using the low-scale cement of the first to fourth inventions and using recycled water discharged in a cement product production process.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Since the main component of the scale is gypsum, it is considered that the sulfate ions eluted from the cement react with the calcium ions to precipitate the scale. The influence of the amount of the water-soluble alkali (mainly alkali sulfate) on the gypsum was examined, and it was found that the generation of scale could be suppressed by setting them in an appropriate range. That is, in the present invention, a cement having a dehydrated gypsum content (%) smaller than the value calculated by the formula (I) is one of those satisfying the low scale property.
[Water-soluble alkali amount (% by mass) × (−200) +100] (I)
Here, dehydrated gypsum means hemihydrate gypsum and anhydrous gypsum, and the content (%) of dehydrated gypsum relative to the total amount of gypsum in cement is [SO 3 of dehydrated gypsum in cement. Amount] / [SO 3 amount of all gypsum in cement], which is hereinafter abbreviated as the content of dehydrated gypsum.
[0006]
Almost all the water-soluble alkali in the cement is derived from the alkali sulfate in the clinker, so the amount varies depending on the alkali and sulfur content in the raw materials and fuels during clinker production and adjusts these. Thereby, a predetermined value can be obtained.
[0007]
Since dehydration from hydrous gypsum is promoted by the temperature rise due to frictional heat during pulverization of cement, the content of dehydrated gypsum naturally depends on the pulverization temperature. Such a content is reliably 30% or less, and a cement satisfying the conditions of the present invention can be obtained.
[0008]
Crushing of the cement at a low temperature is possible by removing grinding heat generated by friction at the time of grinding, but preferred as a method of removing grinding heat is a method using a cyclone separator with a water-cooled jacket, This is a method in which pulverization is performed while pouring water into the raw material in a pulverization mill.
[0009]
As the cyclone separator, an apparatus generally used for cement production can be used without any trouble except for setting a water cooling jacket or a water supply pipe for removing crushing heat as necessary.
[0010]
On the other hand, when water is injected into the grinding mill, the injection amount is set to 1 to 2% based on the raw material. If the amount is too small, the removal of the grinding heat is incomplete, and if the amount is too large, the cement which is essentially hydraulic is adversely affected.
[0011]
In a cement in which the content of dehydrated gypsum in the cement exceeds the value calculated by the formula (I), a low-scale property can be imparted by adding a sulfate active compound. In cement in which the content of dehydrated gypsum exceeds the value calculated by the formula (I), gypsum gradually precipitates in the apparatus due to high supersaturation of gypsum in the liquid phase, and a large amount of scale is formed. Cause it to occur. When a sulfate-active compound is added to such a cement, immediately after kneading the cement and water, a low-soluble salt such as gypsum or calcium sulfoaluminate precipitates to rapidly lower the degree of supersaturation of the gypsum. It is presumed that adhesion of gypsum to the apparatus, that is, scale is unlikely to occur.
Examples of the sulfate ion active compound include quick lime. Calcium aluminate compounds such as alumina cement can also be used. The amount of addition depends on the cement composition, but the content of dehydrated gypsum is 80% by mass or less and the amount of water-soluble alkali is 0.10 to 0.35% by mass. The addition of% by mass is sufficient, and in this range, the reaction of the cement is not inhibited.
[0012]
The cement of the present invention can be used in the same manner as ordinary cement, but is particularly useful when circulating kneading water. That is, after kneading cement, aggregate, various admixtures and additives added as required, and water or recovered water, a secondary product can be obtained through molding and curing according to the purpose. In addition, when adding a sulfate ion active compound, the addition may be performed before or during kneading with the addition of water.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples.
[0013]
【Example】
(1) Low-scale cement preparation Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Two types of cement clinkers, A (0.16% by mass) and B (0.31% by mass), having different amounts of water-soluble alkali were used. To the clinker was added 4 parts by weight of dihydric gypsum, and the mixture was pulverized at a predetermined temperature using a cyclone having a cyclone separator with a water-cooled jacket to obtain a cement composition. Temperature control was performed by controlling the amount of water flowing through the jacket.
[0014]
Example 3
To the cement prepared as Comparative Example 2, 2.5% by mass of alumina cement was added as a sulfate ion active compound, based on the inner percentage, to obtain a cement composition.
[0015]
The dehydrated gypsum content and the amount of water-soluble alkali in the obtained cement composition were measured by the following methods, respectively.
(1) Dehydrated gypsum content: Measured by thermogravimetric analysis.
{Circle around (2)} Amount of water-soluble alkali: Na + and K + ion concentrations were measured according to ASTM C11 and calculated by the following equation.
Water-soluble alkali content = Na 2 O + 0.658K 2 O
[0016]
(2) Measurement of scale amount 100 ml of water was added to 50 g of cement, and the mixture was shaken with a shaker for 10 minutes. After standing, the first filtration was performed with a membrane filter (1 μm). After the obtained filtrate was allowed to stand for 60 minutes, a second filtration was performed using a membrane filter (1 μm) of known weight. The membrane filter was dried at 65 ° C., and the amount of the precipitate (scale) was determined from the change in weight. Table 1 shows the results.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004051411
[0018]
In the cement composition of the present invention, the amount of scale generated per liter of circulating water is suppressed to 30 mg or less. This value is an amount by which scale adhesion to a kneading device or the like is significantly suppressed.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has solved the essential problems associated with the use of recycled water. That is, since the scale is not attached to the apparatus, not only the occurrence of defective products is reduced, but also the number of rests of the equipment can be reduced, so that the work efficiency can be improved.

Claims (6)

セメント中の全せっこう量に対する脱水せっこうの含有率(%)が[水溶性アルカリ量(質量%)×(−200)+100]で計算される値以下であることを特徴とする低スケール性セメント。The low-scale property, wherein the content (%) of dehydrated gypsum relative to the total amount of gypsum in the cement is not more than the value calculated by [aqueous alkali amount (mass%) × (−200) +100]. cement. セメント中の全せっこう量に対する脱水せっこうの含有率(%)が[水溶性アルカリ量(質量%)×(−200)+100]で計算される値を超え、且つ対硫酸イオン活性化合物を内割で1〜5質量%含有する低スケール性セメント。The content (%) of dehydrated gypsum with respect to the total amount of gypsum in the cement exceeds the value calculated by [aqueous alkali amount (% by mass) × (−200) +100], and the content of the compound with respect to sulfate ion is not included. Low-scale cement containing 1 to 5% by mass in proportion. セメント中の全せっこう量に対する脱水せっこうの含有率が10〜80%、水溶性アルカリ量が0.10〜0.35質量%である、請求項1または2に記載の低スケール性セメント。The low-scale cement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the content of dehydrated gypsum relative to the total amount of gypsum in the cement is 10 to 80% and the amount of water-soluble alkali is 0.10 to 0.35% by mass. 対硫酸イオン活性化合物が、生石灰またはカルシウムアルミネート系化合物から選ばれる1種または2種である、請求項2に記載の低スケール性セメント。The low-scale cement according to claim 2, wherein the sulfate active compound is one or two selected from quicklime or a calcium aluminate compound. 水溶性アルカリ量が0.10〜0.35質量%であるセメントを120℃以下の温度で粉砕処理して行う、請求項1に記載の低スケール性セメントの製造方法。The method for producing a low-scale cement according to claim 1, wherein the cement having a water-soluble alkali content of 0.10 to 0.35% by mass is pulverized at a temperature of 120 ° C or lower. 請求項1乃至4に記載の低スケール性セメントを使用し、セメント製品製造工程で排出されるリサイクル水を使用して行う、セメント製品の製造方法。A method for producing a cement product, comprising using the low-scale cement according to claim 1 and using recycled water discharged in a cement product production process.
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JP2016183060A (en) * 2015-03-25 2016-10-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 Cement production method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2016183060A (en) * 2015-03-25 2016-10-20 太平洋セメント株式会社 Cement production method

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