US20210032132A1 - Wastewater treatment system and method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing - Google Patents
Wastewater treatment system and method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- US20210032132A1 US20210032132A1 US16/944,673 US202016944673A US2021032132A1 US 20210032132 A1 US20210032132 A1 US 20210032132A1 US 202016944673 A US202016944673 A US 202016944673A US 2021032132 A1 US2021032132 A1 US 2021032132A1
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
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- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum chloride pentahydroxide dihydrate Chemical compound [Cl-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].O.O LVYZJEPLMYTTGH-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 238000009300 dissolved air flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011411 calcium sulfoaluminate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011414 polymer cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/24—Cements from oil shales, residues or waste other than slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
- C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
- C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
- C04B7/4407—Treatment or selection of the fuel therefor, e.g. use of hazardous waste as secondary fuel ; Use of particular energy sources, e.g. waste hot gases from other processes
- C04B7/4423—Waste or refuse used as fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/143—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances
- C02F11/145—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents using inorganic substances using calcium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Definitions
- Wastewater treatment systems and technologies are well known, with many focusing on the treatment of wastewater for various forms of water reuse or water discharge. While conventional wastewater treatment plants convert wastewater to water suitable for discharge or reuse, such plants may produce a sludge byproduct. Sludge byproduct contains waste solids and contaminants, such as metals that must be removed for the water to be suitable for reuse or discharge. This process may use coagulation and flocculation to separate water from a wide range of contaminants, many in the form of waste solids. In many such conventional wastewater treatment facilities, the sludge byproduct may be directly disposed in landfills, such as via injection or slurry wells, may be used in land applications, or may be destroyed in incinerators, thermal desorption, or thermal dries.
- a wastewater treatment system includes a wastewater phase-separation device that combines at least one primary treatment chemical and wastewater to produce cleaned water and a sludge byproduct and a wastewater dewatering device that combines the sludge byproduct and at least one secondary treatment chemical to produce a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge and remove excess water.
- a method for producing sludge includes combining wastewater and at least one primary treatment chemical to form a liquid phase and a solid phase, wherein the liquid phase is made up of clean water and the solid phase is made up of a sludge byproduct, separating the liquid phase from the solid phase, combining the solid phase with at least one secondary treatment chemical to form an intermediate, the intermediate containing excess water, and removing the excess water from the intermediate to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge.
- FIG. 1 illustrates one wastewater treatment system that includes a wastewater phase-separation device and a wastewater dewatering device that are used to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing using Medium to High Solids Content Sludge generated from a wastewater treatment system of FIG. 1 .
- Embodiments of the disclosure provide a system and method for treating wastewater and conditioning wastewater sludge byproduct to produce a product that may be used in cement production.
- FIG. 1 illustrates one wastewater treatment system 100 that includes wastewater phase-separation device 102 and a wastewater dewatering device 130 that are used to form Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 .
- the wastewater treatment system 100 combines wastewater 104 with at least one primary treatment chemical 110 to form cleaned water 106 and a sludge byproduct 108 .
- the wastewater dewatering device 130 combines the sludge byproduct 108 with at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 to form the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 that lacks excess water 134 (e.g., from which excess water 134 , as is further described herein, may be removed).
- the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 may include, or may be chosen from a group that includes, one or more of bentonite clay 112 , polymer 114 , silica 116 , calcium hydroxide 118 , aluminum coagulant 120 , ferric sulfate 122 , and iron coagulant 124 .
- the at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 may include, or may be chosen from a group that includes, one or more of bentonite clay 112 , calcium hydroxide 118 , and silica 116 .
- the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge may be heated in a cement kiln 150 to form clinker 152 , which may be used in cement manufacturing as described below.
- the wastewater treatment system 100 includes multiple stages, such as a pre-treatment stage, a solids separation stage performed in the wastewater phase-separation device 102 , a solids concentration stage performed in the wastewater dewatering device 130 , and a post-treatment stage.
- the pre-treatment stage includes processes to facilitate the solids to be removed and filtered more easily.
- the solids separation stage may involve the separation of two phases (solid and liquid) from a suspension.
- the wastewater phase-separation device 102 may recover the solid component, including the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 , for use in manufacturing of construction materials (e.g., cement) while the liquid, cleaned water 106 is discarded or reused.
- the wastewater phase-separation device 102 may include one or more of a filter press, a vacuum drum, a belt press, a fan press, a band filter, a dewatering box centrifuge, a screw press, a batch tank reactor, an auto sequential batch unit, a continuous flow unit, a dissolved air flotation (DAF), an induced air floatation (IAF) round, a rectangle gravity clarifier, a thickener, and/or an angle plate lamella clarifier.
- DAF dissolved air flotation
- IAF induced air floatation
- the wastewater dewatering device 130 may dewater the solid component (e.g., the sludge byproduct 108 obtained from the wastewater phase-separation device 102 ).
- the remaining liquid which may be referred to herein as excess water 134 , may be removed, for example, via a device or process utilizing gravity, via mechanical thickening in which a liquid volume throughput load may be reduced, or another like process.
- the wastewater dewatering device 130 may be or include one or more of a filter press, a vacuum drum, a belt press, a fan press, a band filter, a dewatering box centrifuge, a screw press, a batch tank reactor, an auto sequential batch unit, a thickener, a continuous flow unit, a DAF, an IAF round, a rectangle gravity clarifier, and/or an angle plate lamella clarifier.
- the solids separation stage may involve changing the nature of the suspended solids by chemical means, such as by adding at least one primary treatment chemical 110 to the wastewater phase-separation device 102 .
- the chemical means used in the solids separation stage may include one or more of bentonite clay 112 , polymer 114 , silica 116 , calcium hydroxide 118 , aluminum coagulant 120 , ferric sulfate 122 , and/or iron coagulant 124 .
- the solid concentration stage may involve changing the nature of the sludge byproduct 108 by chemical means, such as by adding at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 to the wastewater dewatering device 130 .
- the chemical means used in the solid concentration stage may include one or more of bentonite clay 112 , calcium hydroxide 118 , and silica 116 .
- the added materials may act as one or more bulking agents to increase the permeability of a cake formed during subsequent filtration or dewatering.
- wastewater 104 is evaluated based on the content, concentration, volume, molar ratio, weight percentage, and other like measures of one or more substances in the wastewater (e.g., iron, aluminum, silica, and/or calcium).
- the levels of these substances in the wastewater 104 is related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the resultant Medium to High Solids Content Sludge byproduct 132 , and thus the levels of inorganic constituents in Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 may vary in accordance with different types of wastewater 104 .
- the wastewater 104 may contain less than 5 total weight percent (wt %) of these inorganic solids, which may then be removed through phase separation using the wastewater phase-separation device 102 .
- Profile analysis of a raw wastewater stream, from which wastewater 104 may be taken, may indicate which of multiple inorganic constituents is, for example, of a highest level in the sampled wastewater 104 .
- wastewater treatment system 100 may be optimized to target the inorganic constituent having the highest level (or, e.g., having a level that exceeds a corresponding threshold). Such a process to target inorganic constituents may facilitate successful solids treatment of the waste from the wastewater using high-performance phase separation. Once the resultant sludge byproduct 108 is separated and dewatered to form Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 , it may contain up to 50 wt % of the targeted inorganic constituent.
- Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 from the wastewater dewatering device 130 may be heated at high temperatures in a cement kiln 150 to produce grayish-black pellets, such as clinker 152 , which may be suitable for producing cement.
- the wastewater 104 is mixed with effective amounts of at least one primary treatment chemical 110 to reach a particular pH at which the wastewater 104 achieves solid-liquid separation.
- the choice of at least one primary treatment chemical 110 may be based on a profile of the wastewater 104 (e.g., the constituents of the wastewater 104 and/or other metrics).
- treatment of the wastewater 104 may include the use of bentonite clay 112 , polymer 114 , silica 116 , calcium hydroxide 118 , aluminum coagulant 120 , ferric sulfate 122 , and/or iron coagulant 124 to condition the wastewater 104 such that the cleaned water 106 and sludge byproduct 108 each has one or more desired characteristics, for example, indicating a successful treatment.
- treatment of the wastewater 104 may include the use of only a single one of bentonite clay 112 , polymer 114 , silica 116 , calcium hydroxide 118 , aluminum coagulant 120 , ferric sulfate 122 , or iron coagulant 124 .
- the wastewater 104 may require the use of a combination of bentonite clay 112 , polymer 114 , silica 116 , calcium hydroxide 118 , aluminum coagulant 120 , ferric sulfate 122 , and iron coagulant 124 .
- the effective amount of each of the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 utilized for treatment is based on the profile of the wastewater 104 . In some embodiments, from about 1 to about 25 wt % (e.g., based on the weight of the solids in the wastewater 104 ) of each of the primary treatment chemicals 110 may be selected for wastewater treatment based on the profile of the wastewater 104 .
- the effective amount of each of the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 may be from about 1 to about 15 wt %, or from about 1 to about 10 wt %, or from about 1 to about 5 wt % of the total weight of the solids in the wastewater 104 . In some embodiments, about 1 to about 15 wt % of a first of the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 is added to the wastewater stream, while about 1 to about 5 wt % of another at least one primary treatment chemical 110 is added to the wastewater 104 . Other amounts of the at least one primary treatment chemical 140 may be used without departing from the scope hereof.
- the cleaned water 106 may be suitable for discharge or reuse.
- the separated sludge byproduct 108 may then be conveyed, containerized, and transported to the wastewater dewatering device 130 .
- the sludge byproduct 108 is mixed with at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 .
- the choice of at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 is based on the profile of the sludge byproduct 108 .
- further treatment of the sludge byproduct 108 may include the use of bentonite clay 112 , calcium hydroxide 118 , and/or silica 116 to condition the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 to have the desired characteristics for use in the production of construction materials.
- further treatment of the sludge byproduct 108 may include the use of only one of bentonite clay 112 , calcium hydroxide 118 , or silica 116 .
- further treatment may include the use of a combination of bentonite clay 112 , calcium hydroxide 118 , and/or silica 116 .
- each of the at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 utilized for further treatment of the sludge byproduct 108 is based on the profile of the sludge byproduct 108 . In embodiments, about 1 to about 25 wt % (e.g., based on the weight of the solids in the sludge byproduct 108 ) of each of the secondary treatment chemicals 140 is selected for further treatment based on the profile of the sludge byproduct 108 . In some embodiments, the effective amount of each at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 may be about 1 to about 15 wt %, or about 1 to about 10 wt %, or about 1 to about 5 wt % of the total weight of the solids in the sludge byproduct 108 .
- about 1 to about 15 wt % of a first of the at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 is added to the sludge byproduct 108
- about 1 to about 5 wt % of a second of the at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 is added to the sludge byproduct 108 .
- Other amounts of the at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 may be used without departing from the scope hereof.
- the pH value of the wastewater 104 may be adjusted for more a relatively more precise contaminate removal process via the wastewater phase-separation device 102 prior to or during the procedures described herein.
- the pH value of the sludge byproduct 108 may be adjusted for relatively more precise contaminate removal via the wastewater dewatering device 130 prior to or during the procedures described herein.
- the pH value corresponds to the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values represent fluids being more acidic, and higher values represent fluids being more alkaline.
- the pH is equal to ⁇ log 10 C, where C is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter.
- pH adjustment compounds and minerals may be or include at least one of aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium hydroxide, lime, ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and/or ferric sulfate.
- One or more of the pH adjustment compounds may be added in amounts effective to adjust the pH of the wastewater 104 as desired to generate clean water 106 .
- coagulation may include the addition of at least one primary treatment chemical 110 to the wastewater 104 that clumps the small and destabilized particles within wastewater 104 together to form larger aggregates, which may be more easily separated in the wastewater phase-separator 102 .
- Coagulation and flocculation may also be processes used with the wastewater treatment techniques described herein. Coagulation destabilizes particles through chemical reactions between the coagulant and colloids, and flocculation transports the destabilized particles that will cause collisions with floc. Coagulation is a process that relies on neutralization of charge.
- Flocculation is a physical process in which colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying polymer agent. These polymer agents may have both anionic and cationic charge characteristics.
- the flocculation action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended in a liquid and not actually dissolved in a solution. In the flocculated system, there is no formation of a cake, since all the flocs are in the suspension.
- Coagulation involves using one or more compounds, including but not limited to aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium hydroxide, lime, ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and/or a ferric sulfate and bentonite clay (potassium, sodium, calcium, and aluminum) composition.
- the combined coagulation and flocculation process may be used as a preliminary step or an intermediary step performed by at least one of the wastewater phase-separation device 102 and the wastewater dewatering device 130 .
- a process for treating wastewater 104 may include using chemicals to produce a desired condition of the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 so that it may be suitable for manufacturing cement products due to its mineral contents.
- Exemplary cement products may include one or more of Portland cement, pozzolana cement, rapid hardening cement, quick setting cement, low heat cement, sulphate resisting cement, blast furnace slag cement, high alumina cement, white cement, colored cement, air entraining cement, expansive cement, hydrographic cement, hydrophobic cement, super sulfate cement, low alkali cement, polymer cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and natural cement.
- Other cement products may be generated without departing from the herein.
- the techniques described herein provide a process of wastewater treatment and sludge disposal that utilizes the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 to manufacture Portland cement.
- Portland cement gets its strength from a hydration process where some complex chemical reactions take place between cement and water.
- Portland cement may be manufactured according to the following steps. Firstly, lime or calcium, silica, alumina, iron, and/or other minerals or compounds are crushed, milled, and proportionated. These materials, without gypsum, are proportioned to produce a mixture with a desired chemical composition. These substances are ground and blended in either a dry process or a wet process. Afterwards, the materials are fed through a kiln at about 2,600° F. to produce clinker.
- the alumina and iron may act as fluxing agents and may lower the melting point of the silica from 3,000° F. to 2,600° F.
- the clinker is then cooled and pulverized, and gypsum is added to regulate setting time. Lastly, the clinker is ground extremely fine to produce cement. This process may be used with clinker 152 generated using wastewater treatment system 100 .
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method 200 for producing sludge for cement manufacturing using Medium to High Solids Content Sludge generated from wastewater treatment.
- Method 200 may be used in conjunction with wastewater treatment system 100 .
- wastewater is combined with at least one primary treatment chemical so that a liquid phase and a solid phase are formed.
- wastewater 104 is combined with at least one primary treatment chemical 110 in wastewater phase-separation device 102 to form a liquid phase, cleaned water 106 , and a solid phase, sludge byproduct 108 .
- the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase.
- clean water 106 is separated from sludge byproduct 108 by wastewater phase-separation device 102 .
- the solid phase is combined with at least one secondary treatment chemical to form an intermediate that contains excess water.
- sludge byproduct 108 is combined with at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 in the wastewater dewatering device 130 to form an intermediate that contains excess water 134 .
- the excess water is removed from the intermediate to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge.
- the excess water 134 is removed from the intermediate in the wastewater dewatering device 130 to form the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 .
- the method 200 includes one or more additional blocks of the flowchart in FIG. 2 .
- the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge is heated in a cement kiln to form clinker.
- the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 is heated in cement kiln 150 to form clinker 152 .
- the at least one primary treatment chemical of block 210 may be or include one or more of bentonite clay, polymer, silica, calcium hydroxide, aluminum coagulant, ferric sulfate, and iron coagulant.
- the at least one secondary treatment chemical of block 230 may be or include one or more of bentonite clay, calcium hydroxide, and silica.
- method 200 may be used in the wastewater treatment system 100 described previously, the description of respective components of the wastewater treatment system 100 discussed above with respect to FIG. 1 applies to those elements of method 200 with like names. Furthermore, method 200 is not limited, unless otherwise specified or understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, to the order shown in FIG. 2 .
- wastewater 104 is derived from a generator wastewater stream, which is sampled and tested to determine levels of primary inorganic constituents including at least one of calcium, iron, aluminum, and silica to determine effective amounts of at least one primary treatment chemical 110 and at least one secondary treatment chemical 140 .
- the analytical profile of the inorganic constituents in the wastewater 104 provides a basis of the flocculant blend (the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 added) to be used.
- chemicals may be added for pH adjustment of the wastewater 104 .
- wastewater 104 is derived from a flexographic ink wastewater stream, which is determined to include iron, aluminum, silica, and calcium. Based on different types of flexographic ink wastewater streams, at least one of aluminum and iron may be present in the highest levels and at least one of silica and calcium is present at lower concentration.
- a flexographic wastewater stream may contain less than 2 percent inorganic solids to be removed through phase separation, e.g., in wastewater phase-separation device 102 .
- Levels of these inorganic constituent (aluminum, iron, silica, and calcium) in the wastewater stream are related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the sludge byproduct generated in waste treatment system 100 .
- the sludge byproduct 108 may include about 10 wt % aluminum, about 6 to about 8 wt % iron and about 2 to about 3 wt % calcium, and about 1 to about 2 wt % silica.
- a bentonite clay formula may be used in wastewater treatment system 100 when processing flexographic ink wastewater. This formula is optimized to target the inorganic constituents present with largest concentration to allow efficient phase-separation.
- the resultant Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 may contain up to about 50 weight percent aluminum.
- wastewater 104 is derived from a metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream that includes at least one of iron, aluminum, silica, and calcium.
- the facility that generates the metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream dictates what contaminants will be present in the wastewater 104 .
- facilities process ferrous alloy metals may generate wastewater streams that contain relatively large concentrations of iron
- facilities that process aluminum alloy metals may generate wastewater streams that contain relatively large concentrations of aluminum.
- a metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream may contain less than 2 percent inorganic solids capable of removal through phase separation.
- the level of constituent (aluminum, iron, silica, and calcium) in the wastewater 104 is related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the resultant Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 generated with wastewater treatment system 100 . It has been determined through analytical profiling that contaminants are frequently found in the following descending wt % order: at least one of aluminum and iron followed by calcium and silica.
- the amounts of the at least one primary treatment chemical 110 and the at least one secondary treatment chemical used when treating wastewater 104 are optimized to target, for example, the inorganic constituents with the larger (or, e.g., the largest) wt %, which may facilitate successful removal of the contaminants from the wastewater 104 .
- the resultant Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 may contain up to about 50 wt % aluminum.
- the embodiments described herein provide a process for wastewater treatment and sludge disposal which may divert wastewater sludge from landfills to cement kilns for manufacturing cement products.
- the disclosed processes are a sustainable, efficient, and environmentally sound method for handling wastewater Medium to High Solids Content Sludge, e.g., sold sludge 132 .
- the disclosed method may provide cement kilns, e.g., cement kiln 150 , with alternative raw materials for manufacturing cement, eliminating the need for disposal of wastewater sludge and reducing the amount of raw material needed for cement manufacture.
- the resultant Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132 may be suitable for cement manufacturing.
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Abstract
Description
- This Application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/880,823, entitled “Systems and Methods for Treating Wastewater for the Production of Sludge for Cement Manufacturing,” filed Jul. 31, 2019, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.
- Wastewater treatment systems and technologies are well known, with many focusing on the treatment of wastewater for various forms of water reuse or water discharge. While conventional wastewater treatment plants convert wastewater to water suitable for discharge or reuse, such plants may produce a sludge byproduct. Sludge byproduct contains waste solids and contaminants, such as metals that must be removed for the water to be suitable for reuse or discharge. This process may use coagulation and flocculation to separate water from a wide range of contaminants, many in the form of waste solids. In many such conventional wastewater treatment facilities, the sludge byproduct may be directly disposed in landfills, such as via injection or slurry wells, may be used in land applications, or may be destroyed in incinerators, thermal desorption, or thermal dries.
- A wastewater treatment system includes a wastewater phase-separation device that combines at least one primary treatment chemical and wastewater to produce cleaned water and a sludge byproduct and a wastewater dewatering device that combines the sludge byproduct and at least one secondary treatment chemical to produce a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge and remove excess water. A method for producing sludge includes combining wastewater and at least one primary treatment chemical to form a liquid phase and a solid phase, wherein the liquid phase is made up of clean water and the solid phase is made up of a sludge byproduct, separating the liquid phase from the solid phase, combining the solid phase with at least one secondary treatment chemical to form an intermediate, the intermediate containing excess water, and removing the excess water from the intermediate to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge.
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FIG. 1 illustrates one wastewater treatment system that includes a wastewater phase-separation device and a wastewater dewatering device that are used to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge. -
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing using Medium to High Solids Content Sludge generated from a wastewater treatment system ofFIG. 1 . - Embodiments of the disclosure provide a system and method for treating wastewater and conditioning wastewater sludge byproduct to produce a product that may be used in cement production.
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FIG. 1 illustrates onewastewater treatment system 100 that includes wastewater phase-separation device 102 and awastewater dewatering device 130 that are used to form Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132. Thewastewater treatment system 100 combineswastewater 104 with at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 to form cleanedwater 106 and asludge byproduct 108. Thewastewater dewatering device 130 combines thesludge byproduct 108 with at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 to form the Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 that lacks excess water 134 (e.g., from whichexcess water 134, as is further described herein, may be removed). - In an embodiment, the at least one
primary treatment chemical 110 may include, or may be chosen from a group that includes, one or more ofbentonite clay 112,polymer 114,silica 116,calcium hydroxide 118, aluminum coagulant 120,ferric sulfate 122, andiron coagulant 124. In an embodiment, the at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 may include, or may be chosen from a group that includes, one or more ofbentonite clay 112,calcium hydroxide 118, andsilica 116. - In some embodiments, the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge may be heated in a
cement kiln 150 to formclinker 152, which may be used in cement manufacturing as described below. - In some embodiments, the
wastewater treatment system 100 includes multiple stages, such as a pre-treatment stage, a solids separation stage performed in the wastewater phase-separation device 102, a solids concentration stage performed in thewastewater dewatering device 130, and a post-treatment stage. In some wastewater treatment systems, the pre-treatment stage includes processes to facilitate the solids to be removed and filtered more easily. The solids separation stage may involve the separation of two phases (solid and liquid) from a suspension. In the separation stage, the wastewater phase-separation device 102 may recover the solid component, including the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge 132, for use in manufacturing of construction materials (e.g., cement) while the liquid, cleanedwater 106 is discarded or reused. The wastewater phase-separation device 102 may include one or more of a filter press, a vacuum drum, a belt press, a fan press, a band filter, a dewatering box centrifuge, a screw press, a batch tank reactor, an auto sequential batch unit, a continuous flow unit, a dissolved air flotation (DAF), an induced air floatation (IAF) round, a rectangle gravity clarifier, a thickener, and/or an angle plate lamella clarifier. - In the solids concentration stage, the
wastewater dewatering device 130 may dewater the solid component (e.g., thesludge byproduct 108 obtained from the wastewater phase-separation device 102). In this stage, a portion (or all) of the remaining liquid, which may be referred to herein asexcess water 134, may be removed, for example, via a device or process utilizing gravity, via mechanical thickening in which a liquid volume throughput load may be reduced, or another like process. Thewastewater dewatering device 130 may be or include one or more of a filter press, a vacuum drum, a belt press, a fan press, a band filter, a dewatering box centrifuge, a screw press, a batch tank reactor, an auto sequential batch unit, a thickener, a continuous flow unit, a DAF, an IAF round, a rectangle gravity clarifier, and/or an angle plate lamella clarifier. - As is further described herein, the solids separation stage may involve changing the nature of the suspended solids by chemical means, such as by adding at least one
primary treatment chemical 110 to the wastewater phase-separation device 102. In various implementations, the chemical means used in the solids separation stage may include one or more ofbentonite clay 112,polymer 114,silica 116,calcium hydroxide 118, aluminum coagulant 120,ferric sulfate 122, and/oriron coagulant 124. Likewise, the solid concentration stage may involve changing the nature of thesludge byproduct 108 by chemical means, such as by adding at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 to thewastewater dewatering device 130. In various implementations, the chemical means used in the solid concentration stage may include one or more ofbentonite clay 112,calcium hydroxide 118, andsilica 116. The added materials may act as one or more bulking agents to increase the permeability of a cake formed during subsequent filtration or dewatering. Generally,wastewater 104 is evaluated based on the content, concentration, volume, molar ratio, weight percentage, and other like measures of one or more substances in the wastewater (e.g., iron, aluminum, silica, and/or calcium). The levels of these substances in thewastewater 104 is related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the resultant Medium to High SolidsContent Sludge byproduct 132, and thus the levels of inorganic constituents in Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 may vary in accordance with different types ofwastewater 104. In some cases, thewastewater 104 may contain less than 5 total weight percent (wt %) of these inorganic solids, which may then be removed through phase separation using the wastewater phase-separation device 102. Profile analysis of a raw wastewater stream, from whichwastewater 104 may be taken, may indicate which of multiple inorganic constituents is, for example, of a highest level in the sampledwastewater 104. Optionally,wastewater treatment system 100 may be optimized to target the inorganic constituent having the highest level (or, e.g., having a level that exceeds a corresponding threshold). Such a process to target inorganic constituents may facilitate successful solids treatment of the waste from the wastewater using high-performance phase separation. Once theresultant sludge byproduct 108 is separated and dewatered to form Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132, it may contain up to 50 wt % of the targeted inorganic constituent. - In an embodiment, Medium to High
Solids Content Sludge 132 from thewastewater dewatering device 130 may be heated at high temperatures in acement kiln 150 to produce grayish-black pellets, such asclinker 152, which may be suitable for producing cement. - In the wastewater phase-
separation device 102, thewastewater 104 is mixed with effective amounts of at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 to reach a particular pH at which thewastewater 104 achieves solid-liquid separation. The choice of at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 may be based on a profile of the wastewater 104 (e.g., the constituents of thewastewater 104 and/or other metrics). In some embodiments, treatment of thewastewater 104 may include the use ofbentonite clay 112,polymer 114,silica 116,calcium hydroxide 118, aluminum coagulant 120,ferric sulfate 122, and/oriron coagulant 124 to condition thewastewater 104 such that the cleanedwater 106 andsludge byproduct 108 each has one or more desired characteristics, for example, indicating a successful treatment. In some embodiments, treatment of thewastewater 104 may include the use of only a single one ofbentonite clay 112,polymer 114,silica 116,calcium hydroxide 118, aluminum coagulant 120,ferric sulfate 122, oriron coagulant 124. In some embodiments, thewastewater 104 may require the use of a combination ofbentonite clay 112,polymer 114,silica 116,calcium hydroxide 118, aluminum coagulant 120,ferric sulfate 122, andiron coagulant 124. In some embodiments, the effective amount of each of the at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 utilized for treatment is based on the profile of thewastewater 104. In some embodiments, from about 1 to about 25 wt % (e.g., based on the weight of the solids in the wastewater 104) of each of theprimary treatment chemicals 110 may be selected for wastewater treatment based on the profile of thewastewater 104. In some embodiments, the effective amount of each of the at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 may be from about 1 to about 15 wt %, or from about 1 to about 10 wt %, or from about 1 to about 5 wt % of the total weight of the solids in thewastewater 104. In some embodiments, about 1 to about 15 wt % of a first of the at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 is added to the wastewater stream, while about 1 to about 5 wt % of another at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 is added to thewastewater 104. Other amounts of the at least oneprimary treatment chemical 140 may be used without departing from the scope hereof. - After the phase separation occurs in the wastewater phase-
separation device 102, the cleanedwater 106 may be suitable for discharge or reuse. In such cases, theseparated sludge byproduct 108 may then be conveyed, containerized, and transported to thewastewater dewatering device 130. In thewastewater dewatering device 130, thesludge byproduct 108 is mixed with at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140. The choice of at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 is based on the profile of thesludge byproduct 108. In some embodiments, further treatment of thesludge byproduct 108 may include the use ofbentonite clay 112,calcium hydroxide 118, and/orsilica 116 to condition the Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 to have the desired characteristics for use in the production of construction materials. In some embodiments, further treatment of thesludge byproduct 108 may include the use of only one ofbentonite clay 112,calcium hydroxide 118, orsilica 116. In some embodiments, further treatment may include the use of a combination ofbentonite clay 112,calcium hydroxide 118, and/orsilica 116. The effective amount of each of the at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 utilized for further treatment of thesludge byproduct 108 is based on the profile of thesludge byproduct 108. In embodiments, about 1 to about 25 wt % (e.g., based on the weight of the solids in the sludge byproduct 108) of each of thesecondary treatment chemicals 140 is selected for further treatment based on the profile of thesludge byproduct 108. In some embodiments, the effective amount of each at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 may be about 1 to about 15 wt %, or about 1 to about 10 wt %, or about 1 to about 5 wt % of the total weight of the solids in thesludge byproduct 108. In some embodiments, about 1 to about 15 wt % of a first of the at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 is added to thesludge byproduct 108, while about 1 to about 5 wt % of a second of the at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 is added to thesludge byproduct 108. Other amounts of the at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 may be used without departing from the scope hereof. - The pH value of the
wastewater 104 may be adjusted for more a relatively more precise contaminate removal process via the wastewater phase-separation device 102 prior to or during the procedures described herein. The pH value of thesludge byproduct 108 may be adjusted for relatively more precise contaminate removal via thewastewater dewatering device 130 prior to or during the procedures described herein. The pH value corresponds to the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale on which 7 is neutral, lower values represent fluids being more acidic, and higher values represent fluids being more alkaline. The pH is equal to −log10 C, where C is the hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter. pH adjustment compounds and minerals may be or include at least one of aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium hydroxide, lime, ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and/or ferric sulfate. One or more of the pH adjustment compounds may be added in amounts effective to adjust the pH of thewastewater 104 as desired to generateclean water 106. - According to embodiments described herein, coagulation may include the addition of at least one
primary treatment chemical 110 to thewastewater 104 that clumps the small and destabilized particles withinwastewater 104 together to form larger aggregates, which may be more easily separated in the wastewater phase-separator 102. Coagulation and flocculation may also be processes used with the wastewater treatment techniques described herein. Coagulation destabilizes particles through chemical reactions between the coagulant and colloids, and flocculation transports the destabilized particles that will cause collisions with floc. Coagulation is a process that relies on neutralization of charge. Flocculation, on the other hand, is a physical process in which colloids come out of suspension in the form of floc, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying polymer agent. These polymer agents may have both anionic and cationic charge characteristics. The flocculation action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended in a liquid and not actually dissolved in a solution. In the flocculated system, there is no formation of a cake, since all the flocs are in the suspension. - Coagulation involves using one or more compounds, including but not limited to aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, calcium hydroxide, lime, ferrous chloride, ferrous sulfate, ferric chloride, and/or a ferric sulfate and bentonite clay (potassium, sodium, calcium, and aluminum) composition. The combined coagulation and flocculation process may be used as a preliminary step or an intermediary step performed by at least one of the wastewater phase-
separation device 102 and thewastewater dewatering device 130. - In embodiments, a process for treating
wastewater 104 may include using chemicals to produce a desired condition of the Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 so that it may be suitable for manufacturing cement products due to its mineral contents. Exemplary cement products may include one or more of Portland cement, pozzolana cement, rapid hardening cement, quick setting cement, low heat cement, sulphate resisting cement, blast furnace slag cement, high alumina cement, white cement, colored cement, air entraining cement, expansive cement, hydrographic cement, hydrophobic cement, super sulfate cement, low alkali cement, polymer cement, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and natural cement. Other cement products may be generated without departing from the herein. - In various embodiments, the techniques described herein provide a process of wastewater treatment and sludge disposal that utilizes the Medium to High
Solids Content Sludge 132 to manufacture Portland cement. Portland cement gets its strength from a hydration process where some complex chemical reactions take place between cement and water. Portland cement may be manufactured according to the following steps. Firstly, lime or calcium, silica, alumina, iron, and/or other minerals or compounds are crushed, milled, and proportionated. These materials, without gypsum, are proportioned to produce a mixture with a desired chemical composition. These substances are ground and blended in either a dry process or a wet process. Afterwards, the materials are fed through a kiln at about 2,600° F. to produce clinker. During this step, the alumina and iron may act as fluxing agents and may lower the melting point of the silica from 3,000° F. to 2,600° F. The clinker is then cooled and pulverized, and gypsum is added to regulate setting time. Lastly, the clinker is ground extremely fine to produce cement. This process may be used withclinker 152 generated usingwastewater treatment system 100. -
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating anexemplary method 200 for producing sludge for cement manufacturing using Medium to High Solids Content Sludge generated from wastewater treatment.Method 200 may be used in conjunction withwastewater treatment system 100. - In
block 210, wastewater is combined with at least one primary treatment chemical so that a liquid phase and a solid phase are formed. In one example ofblock 210,wastewater 104 is combined with at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 in wastewater phase-separation device 102 to form a liquid phase, cleanedwater 106, and a solid phase,sludge byproduct 108. - In
block 220, the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase. In one example ofblock 220,clean water 106 is separated fromsludge byproduct 108 by wastewater phase-separation device 102. - In
block 230, the solid phase is combined with at least one secondary treatment chemical to form an intermediate that contains excess water. In one example ofblock 230,sludge byproduct 108 is combined with at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140 in thewastewater dewatering device 130 to form an intermediate that containsexcess water 134. - In
block 240, the excess water is removed from the intermediate to form a Medium to High Solids Content Sludge. In one example ofblock 240, theexcess water 134 is removed from the intermediate in thewastewater dewatering device 130 to form the Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132. - In certain embodiments, the
method 200 includes one or more additional blocks of the flowchart inFIG. 2 . Inblock 250, the Medium to High Solids Content Sludge is heated in a cement kiln to form clinker. In one example ofblock 250, the Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 is heated incement kiln 150 to formclinker 152. - In some embodiments, the at least one primary treatment chemical of
block 210 may be or include one or more of bentonite clay, polymer, silica, calcium hydroxide, aluminum coagulant, ferric sulfate, and iron coagulant. - In certain embodiments, the at least one secondary treatment chemical of
block 230 may be or include one or more of bentonite clay, calcium hydroxide, and silica. - Since the
method 200 may be used in thewastewater treatment system 100 described previously, the description of respective components of thewastewater treatment system 100 discussed above with respect toFIG. 1 applies to those elements ofmethod 200 with like names. Furthermore,method 200 is not limited, unless otherwise specified or understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, to the order shown inFIG. 2 . - In a first example,
wastewater 104 is derived from a generator wastewater stream, which is sampled and tested to determine levels of primary inorganic constituents including at least one of calcium, iron, aluminum, and silica to determine effective amounts of at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 and at least onesecondary treatment chemical 140. The analytical profile of the inorganic constituents in thewastewater 104 provides a basis of the flocculant blend (the at least oneprimary treatment chemical 110 added) to be used. Optionally, chemicals may be added for pH adjustment of thewastewater 104. - In a second example,
wastewater 104 is derived from a flexographic ink wastewater stream, which is determined to include iron, aluminum, silica, and calcium. Based on different types of flexographic ink wastewater streams, at least one of aluminum and iron may be present in the highest levels and at least one of silica and calcium is present at lower concentration. - A flexographic wastewater stream may contain less than 2 percent inorganic solids to be removed through phase separation, e.g., in wastewater phase-
separation device 102. Levels of these inorganic constituent (aluminum, iron, silica, and calcium) in the wastewater stream are related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the sludge byproduct generated inwaste treatment system 100. After phase separation in wastewater phase-separation device 102, thesludge byproduct 108 may include about 10 wt % aluminum, about 6 to about 8 wt % iron and about 2 to about 3 wt % calcium, and about 1 to about 2 wt % silica. - Accordingly, a bentonite clay formula may be used in
wastewater treatment system 100 when processing flexographic ink wastewater. This formula is optimized to target the inorganic constituents present with largest concentration to allow efficient phase-separation. Once the resultant sludge byproduct is dewatered in thewastewater dewatering device 130, the resultant Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 may contain up to about 50 weight percent aluminum. - In another example,
wastewater 104 is derived from a metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream that includes at least one of iron, aluminum, silica, and calcium. The facility that generates the metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream dictates what contaminants will be present in thewastewater 104. For example, facilities process ferrous alloy metals may generate wastewater streams that contain relatively large concentrations of iron, while facilities that process aluminum alloy metals may generate wastewater streams that contain relatively large concentrations of aluminum. - A metal stamping fine blanking wastewater stream may contain less than 2 percent inorganic solids capable of removal through phase separation. The level of constituent (aluminum, iron, silica, and calcium) in the
wastewater 104 is related to the levels of inorganic constituents retained in the resultant Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 generated withwastewater treatment system 100. It has been determined through analytical profiling that contaminants are frequently found in the following descending wt % order: at least one of aluminum and iron followed by calcium and silica. - The amounts of the at least one
primary treatment chemical 110 and the at least one secondary treatment chemical used when treatingwastewater 104 are optimized to target, for example, the inorganic constituents with the larger (or, e.g., the largest) wt %, which may facilitate successful removal of the contaminants from thewastewater 104. Once the resultant Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 is generated, it may contain up to about 50 wt % aluminum. - The embodiments described herein provide a process for wastewater treatment and sludge disposal which may divert wastewater sludge from landfills to cement kilns for manufacturing cement products. The disclosed processes are a sustainable, efficient, and environmentally sound method for handling wastewater Medium to High Solids Content Sludge, e.g., sold
sludge 132. The disclosed method may provide cement kilns, e.g.,cement kiln 150, with alternative raw materials for manufacturing cement, eliminating the need for disposal of wastewater sludge and reducing the amount of raw material needed for cement manufacture. Using at least one of thewastewater treatment system 100 and the method for producingsludge 200 for cement manufacturing, the resultant Medium to HighSolids Content Sludge 132 may be suitable for cement manufacturing. By matching the abundance of one or more inorganic components within a wastewater stream to the requirements of a cement product, it is possible to minimize the amount of wastewater treatment chemicals and/or pH adjustment chemicals used to treat the wastewater stream and to provide the cement manufacturing process with the highest value raw sludge material. - Many different arrangements of the various components depicted, as well as components not shown, are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with the intent to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art that do not depart from its scope. A skilled artisan may develop alternative means of implementing the aforementioned improvements without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
- It will be understood that certain features and subcombinations are of utility and may be employed without reference to other features and subcombinations and are contemplated within the scope of the claims. Unless indicated otherwise, not all steps listed in the various figures need be carried out in the specific order described.
- Changes may be made in the above methods and systems without departing from the scope hereof. It should thus be noted that the matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings should be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. The following claims are intended to cover all generic and specific features described herein, as well as all statements of the scope of the present method and system, which, as a matter of language, might be said to fall therebetween.
Claims (8)
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US16/944,673 US20210032132A1 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Wastewater treatment system and method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing |
US17/588,636 US20220153642A1 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2022-01-31 | Wastewater treatment system and method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing |
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US201962880823P | 2019-07-31 | 2019-07-31 | |
US16/944,673 US20210032132A1 (en) | 2019-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Wastewater treatment system and method for producing sludge for cement manufacturing |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113354321A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司 | Method and device for recycling waste slurry water of mixing plant |
CN113915618A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-11 | 重庆三颗草科技有限公司 | Method and system for cooperatively treating oil-based drilling cuttings by using cement pit |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN114920341B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2024-01-12 | 华能国际电力江苏能源开发有限公司南通电厂 | Application and method for recycling desulfurization wastewater chlorine removal precipitate |
Citations (1)
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JPH105800A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-13 | Chichibu Onoda Cement Corp | Dehydration treating material for sludge and dehydration treatment |
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 CA CA3088703A patent/CA3088703A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2020-07-31 US US16/944,673 patent/US20210032132A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JPH105800A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-13 | Chichibu Onoda Cement Corp | Dehydration treating material for sludge and dehydration treatment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Machine Translation of JP H105800 A. (Year: 1998) * |
Saidur et al. "A review on kiln system modeling", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 15 (2011) 2487-2500. (Year: 2011) * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113354321A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2021-09-07 | 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司 | Method and device for recycling waste slurry water of mixing plant |
CN113915618A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-11 | 重庆三颗草科技有限公司 | Method and system for cooperatively treating oil-based drilling cuttings by using cement pit |
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