JP2003526890A - 新アルカリ燃料電池 - Google Patents

新アルカリ燃料電池

Info

Publication number
JP2003526890A
JP2003526890A JP2001567061A JP2001567061A JP2003526890A JP 2003526890 A JP2003526890 A JP 2003526890A JP 2001567061 A JP2001567061 A JP 2001567061A JP 2001567061 A JP2001567061 A JP 2001567061A JP 2003526890 A JP2003526890 A JP 2003526890A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
positive electrode
hydrogen
hydrogen storage
energy supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2001567061A
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2003526890A5 (enExample
Inventor
スタンフォード アール． オヴシンスキー、
スリニヴァサン ヴェンカテサン、
ボイコ アラドジョヴ、
ローザ ヤング、
トーマス ホッパー、
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Energy Conversion Devices Inc
Original Assignee
Energy Conversion Devices Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Energy Conversion Devices Inc filed Critical Energy Conversion Devices Inc
Publication of JP2003526890A publication Critical patent/JP2003526890A/ja
Publication of JP2003526890A5 publication Critical patent/JP2003526890A5/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/186—Regeneration by electrochemical means by electrolytic decomposition of the electrolytic solution or the formed water product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
    • B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
    • B60L7/18—Controlling the braking effect
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B13/00—Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general
    • C01B13/02—Preparation of oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen; Reversible storage of hydrogen
    • C01B3/0005—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes
    • C01B3/001—Reversible storage of hydrogen, e.g. by hydrogen getters or electrodes characterised by the uptaking media; Treatment thereof
    • C01B3/0018—Inorganic elements or compounds, e.g. oxides, nitrides, borohydrides or zeolites; Solutions thereof
    • C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H01M4/8615—Bifunctional electrodes for rechargeable cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/8689—Positive electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S420/00—Alloys or metallic compositions
    • Y10S420/90—Hydrogen storage

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
JP2001567061A 2000-03-13 2001-03-13 新アルカリ燃料電池 Pending JP2003526890A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/524,116 US6447942B1 (en) 2000-03-13 2000-03-13 Alkaline fuel cell
US09/524,116 2000-03-13
PCT/US2001/007864 WO2001069701A1 (en) 2000-03-13 2001-03-13 Novel alkaline fuel cell

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2003526890A true JP2003526890A (ja) 2003-09-09
JP2003526890A5 JP2003526890A5 (enExample) 2008-05-01

Family

ID=24087825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2001567061A Pending JP2003526890A (ja) 2000-03-13 2001-03-13 新アルカリ燃料電池

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6447942B1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP1266415A4 (enExample)
JP (1) JP2003526890A (enExample)
KR (1) KR100476632B1 (enExample)
CN (1) CN100367548C (enExample)
AU (1) AU2001247377A1 (enExample)
BR (1) BR0109206A (enExample)
CA (1) CA2403213A1 (enExample)
MX (1) MXPA02009033A (enExample)
TW (1) TW531920B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2001069701A1 (enExample)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005243583A (ja) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-08 Tama Tlo Kk 燃料電池
JP2006019302A (ja) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-19 General Electric Co <Ge> 水素貯蔵ベースの再充電可能な燃料電池システム及び方法
JP2019514190A (ja) * 2016-04-14 2019-05-30 エヌイー．エム．イー．エスワイエス．エスアールエル 電気エネルギー生成用の充電式電気化学デバイス

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US6613471B2 (en) * 2000-03-13 2003-09-02 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. Active material for fuel cell anodes incorporating an additive for precharging/activation thereof
US20030207175A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2003-11-06 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Active material for electrochemical cell anodes incorporating an additive for precharging/activation thereof
US20030207156A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2003-11-06 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Very low emission hybrid electric vehicle incorporating an integrated propulsion system including a fuel cell and a high power nickel metal hydride battery pack
DE10065009B4 (de) * 2000-12-23 2004-09-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffzelle
US6605375B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2003-08-12 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Method of activating hydrogen storage alloy electrode
US6589686B2 (en) * 2001-02-28 2003-07-08 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Method of fuel cell activation
US7014953B2 (en) * 2001-03-01 2006-03-21 Texaco Ovoric Fuel Cell, Llc Regenerative bipolar fuel cell
US6703156B2 (en) * 2001-03-01 2004-03-09 Texaco Ovonic Fuel Cell, Llc Fuel cell cathode utilizing multiple redox couples
AU2003275103A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-04-08 Diffusion Science, Inc. Electrochemical generation, storage and reaction of hydrogen and oxygen using gas permeable catalyst-coated hollow microspheres
US20050118485A1 (en) * 2002-11-22 2005-06-02 Hazem Tawfik Bipolar plate and electrolyte application
US7144648B2 (en) * 2002-11-22 2006-12-05 The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York Bipolar plate
US20040229107A1 (en) * 2003-05-14 2004-11-18 Smedley Stuart I. Combined fuel cell and battery
US7435492B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2008-10-14 Ovonic Fuel Cell Company Llc Hybrid fuel cell
US20050031921A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Ovshinsky Stanford R. Hybrid fuel cell
US6998184B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2006-02-14 Texaco Ovonic Fuel Cell, Llc Hybrid fuel cell
US7008706B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2006-03-07 Ovonic Fuel Cell Company Llc Drive system incorporating a hybrid fuel cell
US20070014683A1 (en) * 2003-09-30 2007-01-18 General Electric Company Hydrogen storage composition, and associated article and method
US7175826B2 (en) * 2003-12-29 2007-02-13 General Electric Company Compositions and methods for hydrogen storage and recovery
NO325620B1 (no) * 2003-10-21 2008-06-30 Revolt Technology Ltd Elektrode, fremgangsmate for fremstilling derav, metall/luft-brenselcelle og metallhydrid-battericelle
RU2254643C1 (ru) * 2004-02-02 2005-06-20 Каричев Зия Рамизович Батарея водородно-кислородных (воздушных) щелочных топливных элементов
US7220501B2 (en) 2004-03-10 2007-05-22 General Motors Corporation Integrated hybrid electrochemical device
JP4485320B2 (ja) * 2004-10-29 2010-06-23 アイシン精機株式会社 燃料電池システム
US8173010B2 (en) 2005-05-19 2012-05-08 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Method of dry reforming a reactant gas with intermetallic catalyst
RU2406186C2 (ru) * 2005-09-08 2010-12-10 Эйрбас Дойчланд Гмбх Система топливных элементов для снабжения транспортного средства питьевой водой и кислородом и ее применение
DE102006002470A1 (de) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-15 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Brennstoffzellensystem zur Versorgung mit Trinkwasser und Sauerstoff
US20070141432A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2007-06-21 General Electric Company Third electrode frame structure and method related thereto
JP5081542B2 (ja) * 2007-09-03 2012-11-28 本田技研工業株式会社 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法
TWI407623B (zh) * 2008-07-11 2013-09-01 Hon Hai Prec Ind Co Ltd 燃料電池組
CN102800878B (zh) * 2011-05-27 2015-04-22 中国地质大学（武汉） 一种基于液态储氢材料的一体式直接燃料电池储能供能系统
US9343735B2 (en) 2014-04-14 2016-05-17 Ovonic Battery Company, Inc. Shared electrode hybrid battery-fuel cell system
WO2016130624A1 (en) * 2015-02-11 2016-08-18 Basf Corporation Hydrogen storage alloys
JP2018510965A (ja) * 2015-02-11 2018-04-19 ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション 水素吸蔵合金
CN107208203A (zh) * 2015-02-11 2017-09-26 巴斯夫公司 储氢合金
US10844497B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2020-11-24 Power To Hydrogen, Llc Electrochemical cell and method of using same
US11228051B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2022-01-18 Power To Hydrogen Llc Electrochemical cell and method of using same
EP3757255A1 (en) 2017-04-19 2020-12-30 Ph Matter, LLC Electrochemical cell
KR102394626B1 (ko) * 2017-11-30 2022-05-09 현대자동차주식회사 엔진의 이산화질소 배출량 예측 방법
US11367914B2 (en) 2020-11-06 2022-06-21 ZAF Energy Systems, Incorporated Pouched metal-air battery cells
WO2025168838A1 (en) * 2024-02-09 2025-08-14 Karsten Schibsbye Method for the generation of electricity or hydrogen

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JPS6460961A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Hydrogen absorption electrode
JPH097584A (ja) * 1995-06-16 1997-01-10 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 水素吸蔵合金膜複合体

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GB9507012D0 (en) * 1995-04-05 1995-05-31 Johnson Matthey Plc Improved electrode
JP3336839B2 (ja) * 1995-04-10 2002-10-21 ダイキン工業株式会社 電池用撥水性付与剤および電池
US6193929B1 (en) * 1999-11-06 2001-02-27 Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. High storage capacity alloys enabling a hydrogen-based ecosystem

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55121273A (en) * 1979-03-12 1980-09-18 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Hydrogen fuel cell
JPS6460961A (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-03-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Hydrogen absorption electrode
JPH097584A (ja) * 1995-06-16 1997-01-10 Mitsubishi Materials Corp 水素吸蔵合金膜複合体

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005243583A (ja) * 2004-02-27 2005-09-08 Tama Tlo Kk 燃料電池
JP2006019302A (ja) * 2004-07-02 2006-01-19 General Electric Co <Ge> 水素貯蔵ベースの再充電可能な燃料電池システム及び方法
JP2019514190A (ja) * 2016-04-14 2019-05-30 エヌイー．エム．イー．エスワイエス．エスアールエル 電気エネルギー生成用の充電式電気化学デバイス

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR0109206A (pt) 2002-12-17
MXPA02009033A (es) 2003-02-12
WO2001069701A1 (en) 2001-09-20
KR100476632B1 (ko) 2005-03-17
CA2403213A1 (en) 2001-09-20
AU2001247377A1 (en) 2001-09-24
TW531920B (en) 2003-05-11
EP1266415A4 (en) 2010-01-06
CN1429415A (zh) 2003-07-09
US6447942B1 (en) 2002-09-10
KR20020087078A (ko) 2002-11-21
CN100367548C (zh) 2008-02-06
EP1266415A1 (en) 2002-12-18

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