JP2003510441A - 多孔質プレポリマーペレットの製造法 - Google Patents
多孔質プレポリマーペレットの製造法Info
- Publication number
- JP2003510441A JP2003510441A JP2001526639A JP2001526639A JP2003510441A JP 2003510441 A JP2003510441 A JP 2003510441A JP 2001526639 A JP2001526639 A JP 2001526639A JP 2001526639 A JP2001526639 A JP 2001526639A JP 2003510441 A JP2003510441 A JP 2003510441A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- prepolymer
- blowing agent
- pellets
- die
- polycarbonate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 122
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 111
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 111
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 106
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical group CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 46
- AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-ol Chemical compound CCC(O)CC AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 33
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- -1 diaryl carbonate Chemical compound 0.000 description 19
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000003509 tertiary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 11
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 5
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-octadecanoyloxy-2,2-bis(octadecanoyloxymethyl)propyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(CO)CO YQEMORVAKMFKLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol monostearate Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO SVUQHVRAGMNPLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Dihydroxybibenzyl Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 URFNSYWAGGETFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJSPWKGEPDZNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-benzylphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HJSPWKGEPDZNLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004203 4-hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000402 bisphenol A polycarbonate polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULBTUVJTXULMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC ULBTUVJTXULMLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCC2=C1 PQNFLJBBNBOBRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CO KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)O SJWFXCIHNDVPSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HQHCYKULIHKCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- DIQLMURKXNKOCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1',1'-tetramethyl-3,3'-spirobi[3a,7a-dihydro-2H-indene]-5,5'-diol Chemical compound CC1(C)CC2(CC(C)(C)C3C=CC(O)=CC23)C2C=C(O)C=CC12 DIQLMURKXNKOCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HCNHNBLSNVSJTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- ISNSMFRWEZSCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)hexane-1,6-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ISNSMFRWEZSCRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNIVUTHKVHUXCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C#N)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 UNIVUTHKVHUXCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-SNVBAGLBSA-N 2-Decanol Natural products CCCCCCCC[C@@H](C)O ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-SNVBAGLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical class CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJGHMLJGPSVSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-octanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC YJGHMLJGPSVSLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKVWOPDUENJKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-4-[2-(3-cyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(C2CCCCC2)=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=1)=CC=C(O)C=1C1CCCCC1 WKVWOPDUENJKAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQOAPEATHLRJMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-4-[2-(3-ethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CC)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(CC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 XQOAPEATHLRJMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDRSNHRWLQQICP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-[2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(C(O)=CC=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 ZDRSNHRWLQQICP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC(Br)=C(O)C(Br)=C1 VEORPZCZECFIRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbisphenol A Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C=C(C)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 YMTYZTXUZLQUSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZBJFCOVJHEOMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C(=O)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NZBJFCOVJHEOMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFXDUWYVZMVVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFXDUWYVZMVVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGZVGZCIFZBNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-(2-Methylpropylidene)bisphenol Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZGZVGZCIFZBNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLDIQALUMKMHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)heptane Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(CCC)(CCC)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MLDIQALUMKMHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 101001075218 Homo sapiens Gastrokine-1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 FDQSRULYDNDXQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol AF Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(C)O ACUZDYFTRHEKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TUPADZRYMFYHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene-3,6-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(O)C=C3SC2=C1O TUPADZRYMFYHRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004464 hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229940073584 methylene chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,6-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWDXPBHJMCBCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxathiine-2,7-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2OC3=CC(O)=CC=C3SC2=C1 FWDXPBHJMCBCPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKYIPVJKWYKQLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-2,7-diol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=C2C=CC3=CC(O)=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 QKYIPVJKWYKQLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- KOJDPIMLHMVCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N thianthrene-1,7-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3SC2=C1O KOJDPIMLHMVCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3461—Making or treating expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/142—Compounds containing oxygen but no halogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/042—Elimination of an organic solid phase
- C08J2201/0422—Elimination of an organic solid phase containing oxygen atoms, e.g. saccharose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2369/00—Characterised by the use of polycarbonates; Derivatives of polycarbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/371,451 US6339109B1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 1999-08-10 | Method of pelletization of polymer |
| US09/371,451 | 1999-08-10 | ||
| PCT/US2000/015921 WO2001010622A1 (en) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-06-09 | Method of preparing porous prepolymer pellets |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003510441A true JP2003510441A (ja) | 2003-03-18 |
| JP2003510441A5 JP2003510441A5 (enExample) | 2007-07-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001526639A Withdrawn JP2003510441A (ja) | 1999-08-10 | 2000-06-09 | 多孔質プレポリマーペレットの製造法 |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6339109B1 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1218159B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2003510441A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20020021684A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN1182948C (enExample) |
| AT (1) | ATE276863T1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU5331600A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE60014123T2 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2001010622A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6821953B1 (en) * | 1999-12-16 | 2004-11-23 | University Of Southern California | Methods for treating and preventing damage to mucosal tissue |
| US6790929B2 (en) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-09-14 | General Electric Company | Method for making an aromatic polycarbonate |
| US7951449B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2011-05-31 | Wenguang Ma | Polyester core materials and structural sandwich composites thereof |
| EP1620479B1 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2013-07-24 | ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polyolefin adhesive compositions and articles made therefrom |
| US7541402B2 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2009-06-02 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Blend functionalized polyolefin adhesive |
| US7550528B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2009-06-23 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Functionalized olefin polymers |
| US7700707B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2010-04-20 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Polyolefin adhesive compositions and articles made therefrom |
| US7329723B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2008-02-12 | Eastman Chemical Company | Thermal crystallization of polyester pellets in liquid |
| CA2482056A1 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-10 | Eastman Chemical Company | Thermal crystallization of a molten polyester polymer in a fluid |
| US7459113B2 (en) | 2004-03-08 | 2008-12-02 | Eastman Chemical Company | Process of making a container from polyester polymer particles having a small surface to center intrinsic-viscosity gradient |
| US7935399B2 (en) | 2004-09-02 | 2011-05-03 | Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. | Low melting polyester polymers |
| US20060047102A1 (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-02 | Stephen Weinhold | Spheroidal polyester polymer particles |
| US7875184B2 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2011-01-25 | Eastman Chemical Company | Crystallized pellet/liquid separator |
| KR101453105B1 (ko) | 2006-03-22 | 2014-10-27 | 바스프 에스이 | 발포제를 함유하는 중합체 용융물의 과립화 방법 및 장치 |
| US8044169B2 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2011-10-25 | Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. De C.V. | Dryer configuration for production of polyester particles |
| DE102014216992A1 (de) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-03 | Adidas Ag | Expandierte Polymerpellets |
| JP6658086B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2020-03-04 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | ポリオキサレート共重合体及びその製造方法 |
| EP4244283A1 (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2023-09-20 | Cryovac, LLC | Method and system for recycling polyvinylidene chloride containing composite material |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1229722B (de) * | 1957-11-29 | 1966-12-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Verfahren zum Herstellen verschaeumbarer Formmassen aus vinylaromatischen Polymerisaten |
| US3121132A (en) * | 1961-12-18 | 1964-02-11 | Koppers Co Inc | Stress relieving expandable plastic particles |
| US3912800A (en) | 1970-09-21 | 1975-10-14 | Int Plastics | Method of producing porous polymeric articles |
| DE2126146A1 (de) | 1971-05-26 | 1972-12-07 | Bayer | Treibmittel |
| GB1507921A (en) | 1974-04-01 | 1978-04-19 | Gen Electric | Membranes |
| US4224264A (en) * | 1979-01-18 | 1980-09-23 | Monsanto Company | Foam crystallization of condensation polymers |
| US4473665A (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1984-09-25 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microcellular closed cell foams and their method of manufacture |
| US4597843A (en) | 1984-10-12 | 1986-07-01 | American Cyanamid Company | Enhanced bulk porosity of polymer structures via plasma technology |
| US4644049A (en) | 1986-03-05 | 1987-02-17 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Solid state polymerization |
| US5000891A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1991-03-19 | Green James R | Expandable polystyrene pellets |
| DE3850384T2 (de) | 1987-09-28 | 1995-02-23 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Verfahren zur herstellung von kristallinem aromatischem polykarbonat und so hergestellte aromatische polykarbonate. |
| US5204377A (en) | 1988-12-27 | 1993-04-20 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Porous, crystallized, aromatic polycarbonate prepolymer, a porous, crystallized aromatic polycarbonate, and production methods |
| DE59108544D1 (de) * | 1991-01-05 | 1997-03-27 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polycarbonatschaumformkörper |
| US5158986A (en) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-10-27 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Microcellular thermoplastic foamed with supercritical fluid |
-
1999
- 1999-08-10 US US09/371,451 patent/US6339109B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-06-09 KR KR1020027001819A patent/KR20020021684A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-09 DE DE60014123T patent/DE60014123T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-09 EP EP00938247A patent/EP1218159B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-09 JP JP2001526639A patent/JP2003510441A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-09 CN CNB008141037A patent/CN1182948C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-09 WO PCT/US2000/015921 patent/WO2001010622A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-09 AU AU53316/00A patent/AU5331600A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-09 AT AT00938247T patent/ATE276863T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20020021684A (ko) | 2002-03-21 |
| DE60014123D1 (de) | 2004-10-28 |
| WO2001010622A1 (en) | 2001-02-15 |
| EP1218159B1 (en) | 2004-09-22 |
| WO2001010622A8 (en) | 2001-06-14 |
| EP1218159A1 (en) | 2002-07-03 |
| ATE276863T1 (de) | 2004-10-15 |
| DE60014123T2 (de) | 2005-09-22 |
| CN1378498A (zh) | 2002-11-06 |
| AU5331600A (en) | 2001-03-05 |
| US6339109B1 (en) | 2002-01-15 |
| CN1182948C (zh) | 2005-01-05 |
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