JP2003292971A - Liquefaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquefaction apparatus easily carry out a removing work of coking and residue in a thermal cracking tank. <P>SOLUTION: The liquefaction apparatus 1 is provided with the thermal cracking tank 5, an agitator 8 to agitate molten liquid ML housed in the thermal cracking tank 5, an agitating axis 7, an agitating driver 6 supported on the upper position of the thermal cracking tank 5, a driving section and support section rotating the agitating driver 6 from the upper position of the thermal cracking tank 5, a fractionating section 12 collecting decomposition gas DF from a gas collecting port 4 and fractionating into liquefied materials G, T and K, a first heating burner 10 heating the thermal cracking tank 5 by a first combustion chamber 9 formed to surround the thermal cracking tank 5, a conveyer section 11 conveying waste plastics P, a second combustion chamber 26 and a second heating burner 27 heating the waste plastics P in a conveying pipe 16 or 18 and a main supporting table 31 and a rail table 34 for sliding the conveyer section 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oiling device, and more particularly to an oiling device for producing an oil product by thermally decomposing waste plastic and distilling the produced decomposition gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Plastics are used in every product of daily life along with metals and woods, and are one of the essential materials in modern society. With the increase in the production of plastic products using plastics, the amount of waste plastics discarded as garbage tends to increase.
In the past, most waste plastics that had become waste were incinerated or landfilled. However, in recent years, due to the promulgation of the “Law for the Separate Collection of Containers and Packaging and Promotion of Recycling (Container Recycling Law)”, the separate collection of plastics by type has been taught by local governments. As a result, the interest in recycling of garbage such as plastic has become widespread among citizens.

The collected waste plastic is reused as a resource by the method described below. In other words, material recycling that mechanically crushes waste plastic with a crusher and reuses the crushed product as plastic raw material (resin regeneration) and high heat generation characteristics when burning waste plastic, It is roughly divided into thermal recycling, which is used as combustion energy, and chemical recycling, which chemically decomposes waste plastic with heat or a catalyst to obtain an oil product containing hydrocarbon as a main component.

Among these, in particular, chemical recycling can be reused as fuel oil such as gasoline, kerosene, and light oil, and a new plastic product can be regenerated from the obtained oil product. Because there is
It is a recycling method that can be expected to have an extremely wide range of applications.

[0005]

However, many problems remain in the recovery of the oil product by the above-mentioned chemical recycling. That is, the cost of equipment for converting waste plastics into oil is higher than that of other recycling methods, and the cost of recovery and the cost of selling and using the obtained oil product are not matched. There was something like that. Therefore, although there are many experimental facilities, there are few oil refiners that have been put into practical use and are operating.

Further, there were many problems in the process of obtaining an oil product. That is, if the heating temperature becomes too high in order to heat the waste plastics for thermal decomposition, non-volatile residues such as carbon remain in the reaction furnace, which becomes a factor that hinders the formation of oil products. . Coking of these residues on the inner wall of the reaction furnace deteriorates heat transfer, and thus the efficiency of thermal decomposition and the yield of oil products may be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the removal work for removing these residues from the reaction furnace was frequently required, and the oil refiner had to be stopped each time. Therefore, it is difficult to continuously operate the device, and there is a limit to the processing capacity of the waste plastic for one day.

Therefore, the applicant of the present application has already proposed an oiling apparatus capable of efficiently performing continuous operation by reducing the amount of residue and suppressing the occurrence of coking (Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-2001). -101240).
By the way, even when such an oiling apparatus is used, it is difficult to completely avoid the occurrence of coking in the thermal decomposition tank due to long-term operation. Therefore, there is a problem in that the heat transfer efficiency and the like decrease due to the coking, and the oilification efficiency in the oilification treatment of waste plastic and the quality of the produced oil product become unstable. Therefore, a removal operation for removing coking (including non-volatile residue) accumulated in the thermal decomposition tank may be performed as needed.

However, most of the oil refining apparatuses to date have been
From the standpoints of oilification efficiency and installation space saving, the equipment for oil treatment of waste plastics was often designed as close to the pyrolysis tank as possible. For example, a conveyor that sends waste plastic to the pyrolysis tank, a drive motor that drives the conveyor, and a stirring motor that stirs the inside of the pyrolysis tank are necessarily installed near the pyrolysis tank. Was there. Therefore, in the above-described caulking removal work, there is a case where a sufficient working space cannot be taken due to such equipment.

Therefore, it may take a long time to remove the coking or the coking cannot be completely removed by imposing an unreasonable posture on the worker. Therefore, there have been many calls for an oiling device that can easily and surely remove coking.

In view of the above situation, it is an object of the present invention to provide an oiling device capable of easily performing coking and residue removal work in a thermal decomposition tank.

[0011]

In order to solve the above problems, an oiling apparatus according to the invention of claim 1 is a plastic injection port for introducing waste plastic, and a decomposition gas generated by the thermally decomposed waste plastic. Having a gas recovery port for recovering the waste plastic, a thermal decomposition tank for storing a melted liquid of the waste plastic, a transport section for transporting the waste plastic to the plastic input port, and the melted liquid in the thermal decomposition tank. A stirring means for stirring, a combustion chamber formed around the pyrolysis tank, a heating means for heating an outer peripheral wall of the pyrolysis tank in the combustion chamber, and a gas recovery port, which are connected to the gas recovery port. An oiling device comprising: an oiling unit that collects the decomposed gas generated in a thermal decomposition tank and produces an oil by distilling the carrier gas, wherein the transport unit includes the plastic injection port. Next, a transport pipe having a transport path for transporting the waste plastic formed therein, and a transport screw disposed in the transport path and spirally formed along an axis, the transport screw A screw portion that conveys the waste plastic by a rotational driving force of, a rotation drive portion that rotates the screw portion, a support base that supports the transport pipe, the screw portion, and the rotation drive portion, and the support base. It further comprises a slide separating means for sliding the conveying pipe in a substantially horizontal direction and separating the conveying pipe from the thermal decomposition tank.

The term "waste plastic" as used herein refers to a waste product of plastic that has been used for home electric appliances and packaging, and examples thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, and polystyrene. In addition, in order to oilize the waste plastic, the pretreatment process such as the removal of impurities is omitted.
Further, in order to keep the decomposition temperature of the waste plastic constant, it is desirable that these waste plastics have the same chemical composition. That is, it is preferable to use the plastics discarded in a specific industry in order to process a large amount and efficiently, rather than the wastes generated from general household waste.

Further, the agitating means is such that a stirrer having a propeller for stirring and an agitating piece is rotationally driven in the melt by a motor or the like to generate convection in the melt in the thermal decomposition tank to mix the components. To do. As a result, the temperature gradient in the heated melt does not become imbalanced and the liquid temperature can be kept constant. On the other hand, the heating means is to heat the thermal decomposition tank from the outside with a flame such as a heating burner so that the temperature of the molten liquid becomes equal to or higher than the liquid temperature at which the decomposition gas is generated.

Further, the oiling means is a means for distilling the decomposed gas generated by lowering the molecular weight of the melt using a refrigerant, a catalyst or the like to produce an oil product containing hydrocarbon as a main component. At this time, when the cracked gas is directly distilled, the obtained oily product contains mixed fractions having various chemical compositions. Therefore, it is desirable to obtain the decomposed gas by fractional distillation for each component by a conventionally known method utilizing the difference in boiling point of each component. Since waste plastic is basically a petroleum-based material composed of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, examples of the obtained oil product include various fuel oils such as gasoline, kerosene, and light oil.

The sliding / separating means is a means for moving a transporting section for transporting waste plastic to the pyrolysis tank in a substantially horizontal direction to move the transport pipe away from the plastic charging port of the pyrolysis tank. Here, as a means for sliding the entire transport unit, for example, by disposing a caster provided with a wheel having a rail groove formed on the lower portion of the support base, and further sliding on a rail matching the rail groove. , Those that regulate the direction of movement and slide.

Therefore, according to the oiling apparatus of the first aspect of the invention, in the oiling apparatus for thermally decomposing waste plastic to produce an oil product, a conveying pipe and a screw of a conveying section for conveying the waste plastic as a raw material. The unit, the rotation drive unit, and the support base slide in a substantially horizontal direction. That is, when the oiling device is in operation, the transfer pipe of the transfer unit connected to the plastic charging port can be moved away from the thermal decomposition tank during maintenance such as coking removal work. As a result, the work space necessary for the removal work is sufficiently secured, and the work can be performed easily.

An oiling apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the oiling apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the stirring means includes a stirrer that stirs the melt contained in the thermal decomposition tank,
A stirring shaft that is connected to the stirring body and has one end protruding upward from the lid of the thermal decomposition tank and a stirring shaft that is disposed above the thermal decomposition tank and that rotates the stirring body by the axially supported stirring shaft. A drive unit, a stirring support unit that supports the stirring drive unit at a position above the thermal decomposition tank, and a stirrer that rotates the stirring drive unit supported by the stirring support unit from a position above the thermal decomposition tank. And a moving means.

Therefore, according to the oil refining apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the function of the oil refining apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention, the agitator connected to the agitating shaft pivotally supported by the agitating drive section can provide:
It becomes possible to stir the melt contained in the thermal decomposition tank. As a result, the temperature distribution in the thermal decomposition tank does not become unbalanced. Further, the stirring drive unit supported by the stirring support unit rotates from the position above the thermal decomposition tank. As a result, a space is formed above the thermal decomposition tank. Therefore, when the maintenance work is performed by removing the lid of the thermal decomposition tank, the work can be further facilitated.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the oiling device according to the first or second aspect, wherein the carrier pipe heats the waste plastic to melt the waste plastic into the carrier path. A second combustion chamber formed by being connected to the heating flow passage, and a second heating chamber for generating the heating air in the second combustion chamber. A heating means is further provided.

Therefore, according to the oiling apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the function of the oiling apparatus of the first or second aspect, the waste plastic is heated and melted by the heated air flowing through the heating flow path. It As a result, the waste plastic is introduced into the thermal decomposition tank from the carrier pipe in the molten state. Therefore, the temperature of the melt drops due to the waste plastic put into the thermal decomposition tank. That is, heat loss is reduced. Therefore, the temperature of the melt is kept constant, and the oilification efficiency of the waste plastic does not decrease.
Furthermore, since the second combustion chamber and second heating means for generating and supplying heated air are provided separately from the combustion chamber and heating means for heating the pyrolysis tank, the heating of the pyrolysis tank is affected. Absent.

An oiling device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the oiling device according to the third aspect, in which the heating air which is provided between the carrier pipe and the rotation drive section and which flows through the heating flow path is provided. It further comprises heat transfer suppressing means for suppressing transfer of heat to the rotary drive unit.

Therefore, according to the oiling apparatus of the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the function of the oiling apparatus of the third aspect of the invention, the heat of the heating air is not transmitted to the rotary drive section by the heat transfer suppressing means. As a result, it is possible to prevent components that are relatively weak to heat, such as the drive motor that configures the rotary drive unit, from becoming overheated, and to prevent damage or failure of such components. Here, as the heat transfer suppressing means, for example,
Examples include a water-cooled type in which a cooling pipe for circulating cooling water is provided between a carrier pipe and a rotary drive unit, and an air-cooled type in which cooling is performed by air.

An oiling device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the oiling device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, in which the liquid level height of the molten liquid contained in the thermal decomposition tank is high. And a supply amount adjusting unit for adjusting the supply amount of the waste plastic to be supplied to the thermal decomposition tank based on the liquid level height of the melt measured by the measuring unit. I have.

Therefore, according to the oiling apparatus of the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the function of the oiling apparatus of the first aspect of the invention, the molten liquid in the thermal decomposition tank is measured by the measuring means. The liquid level height of is measured. Then, based on the measured liquid level, a required amount of waste plastic is supplied by the supply amount adjusting means provided upstream of the transport path. As a result, the amount of the molten liquid contained in the thermal decomposition tank is controlled to be kept constant. Therefore, the amount of decomposition gas generated by heating can be stabilized, and the oilification efficiency is improved.

[0025]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An oiling device which is an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of an oilification device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a position of a transport section during operation of the oilification device according to the present embodiment. Yes, FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the position of the conveying section when removing the coking of the oilification device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the rotating state of the stirring drive part in the oilification device of the present embodiment. Is.

The oiling apparatus 1 according to one embodiment of the present invention is
As shown in FIG. 1, a plastic injection port 3 and a melt M which can contain a melt ML obtained by heating and melting the waste plastic P and into which the waste plastic P is charged into the lid 2.
A thermal decomposition tank 5 each provided with a gas recovery port 4 for recovering the decomposition gas DG generated from L, and an agitation drive unit 6 supported above the thermal decomposition tank 5 by an agitation support unit (described later), A stirring shaft 7 penetrating substantially the center of the lid part 2 of the thermal decomposition tank 5, one end thereof being pivotally supported by the stirring driving part 6, and the other end being immersed in the melt ML, and the stirring shaft 7 connected thereto. And the stirring body 8 that stirs the melt ML by the rotational movement described above. The stirring drive unit 6 and the stirring shaft 7 are detachably connected by a coupling. That is, the stirring shaft 7
The stirring body 8 can be removed from the stirring drive unit 6.

Further, the oiling apparatus 1 includes a first combustion chamber 9 formed so as to cover the outer peripheral wall of the thermal decomposition tank 5 and a first combustion chamber 9 for heating the thermal decomposition tank 5 with a flame F in the first combustion chamber 9. Heating burner 1
0, a thermal decomposition tank 5 is connected to a transport section 11 for transporting the waste plastic P to the plastic input port 3, and a gas recovery port 4, and the recovered decomposition gas DG is fractionated by utilizing the difference in boiling points to obtain oil. And a fractionation part 12 for dividing the compounds G, T, and K into respective components. In the oilification device 1 of this embodiment, gasoline G, kerosene T, and light oil K are produced as oils.

Further, the carrying section 11 of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, a hopper 13 that stores the waste plastic P as a raw material, a supply adjustment unit 14 that is connected to the lower portion of the hopper 13 and adjusts the supply amount of the waste plastic P,
A circular first transfer pipe 16 having a transfer path 15a through which the waste plastic P sent from the supply adjusting unit 14 can pass;
A connecting pipe 17 that hangs down from the vicinity of one end of the first conveying pipe 16 and sends the waste plastic P by dropping it downwards, and a discharge end 39.
Is connected to the plastic injection port 3 of the thermal decomposition tank 5 and has a second transfer pipe 18 having a transfer path 15b through which the waste plastic P sent from the connection pipe 17 can pass. Here, the first transfer pipe 16 and the second transfer pipe 18 are connected pipes 17.
Are stacked vertically through. Thereby, the oilification device 1
The installation space can be reduced. As the supply adjusting unit 14, a structure in which the waste plastic P is fed downward by a predetermined amount by opening and closing an electromagnetic valve or the like is used here.

Furthermore, the respective transport paths 15a and 15b
Is a conveying screw 1 for conveying the waste plastic P, in which screw blades are spirally formed along an axis.
A screw portion 20 having 9a and 19b is provided. As a result, the transport screws 19a, 1 that have been axially rotated
A rotational driving force is generated by 9b, and the waste plastic P can be conveyed. The transport screw 19a,
19b connects with the 1st rotation drive part 21 and the 2nd rotation drive part 22 provided with the well-known drive motor respectively connected,
It is driven by electric power supplied from a generator (not shown).

The conveying screw 19a arranged in the first conveying pipe 16 has a screw blade spiral formed on the shaft formed in the opposite direction with the position corresponding to the upper side of the connecting pipe 17 as a boundary. There is. That is, the waste plastic P supplied from the hopper 13 is transported in the first transport pipe 16,
Eventually, it reaches the vicinity of the connecting pipe 17. Then, it falls in the connecting pipe 17 according to gravity. At this time, a part of the waste plastic P may not be dropped from the connecting pipe 17 and may be further sent in the direction of the first rotation drive unit 21 (corresponding to the right side of the drawing in FIG. 2). Therefore, the conveying directions of the waste plastics P can be made opposite to each other by forming the spiral of the above-mentioned screw blades in the opposite direction. As a result, the waste plastic P is prevented from staying near the boundary between the first rotary drive unit 21 and the transport path 15a, and the transport path 1
The waste plastic P in 5a can be reliably sent to the connecting pipe 17.

The first rotary drive unit 21 and the second rotary drive unit 22 are supported by the tilted supports 23a and 23b, respectively, in a state of being tilted downward in the carrying direction. The transport pipes 16 and 18 connected to the rotary drive units 21 and 22 are also installed in a state of being inclined in the same direction. As a result, the waste plastic P is easily transported by its own weight together with the rotational driving force of the transport screws 19a and 19b.

Further, the first carrier pipe 16 and the second carrier pipe 1
Numeral 8 is heated air HA for heating the waste plastic P conveyed in the conveying paths 15a and 15b to bring it into a molten state.
The heating flow paths 24a and 24b in which the
It is provided so as to surround b. Heating channels 24a, 24
The heated air HA flowing through b is supplied to the second heating burner 2 in the second combustion chamber 26 provided independently above the first combustion chamber 9.
It is generated by heating the air by 7 and is sent from the second combustion chamber 26 to the heating flow paths 24a and 24b via the heating connecting pipe 25. In addition, the heating channel 24
The heated air HA flowing in a is discharged into the atmosphere.

In addition, water cooling units 28a and 28b are provided between the first carrier pipe 16 and the first rotation drive unit 21 and the supply adjusting unit 14, respectively. This is the heating channel 2
The whole of the first carrier pipe 16 is heated by the heated air HA flowing through 4, and the heat is applied to the first rotation drive unit 21 and the supply adjusting unit 1.
It is intended to prevent that portion from being overheated. Since these portions are slightly inferior in heat resistance to the first transport pipe 16, water cooling portions 28a and 28b are provided for the purpose of avoiding troubles such as failure due to overheating.
For the same reason, the second carrier pipe 18 and the second rotation drive unit 2
A water cooling unit 28c is also provided between the two. The water cooling units 28a, 28b, 28c are connected to each other through a running water pipe (not shown) through which water sent from a cooling tower (not shown) flows, and water is circulated by circulating the water.

Further, the tilted supports 23a and 23b for mounting and supporting the respective rotary drive units 21 and 22 are the sub-supports 3
0 are stacked on top of each other, and are vertically stacked by the support legs 29. Then, all of them are further mounted on the main support 31. This main support base 31 has a lower bottom portion 3.
2, a plurality of casters 33 are attached. Rail grooves (not shown) are provided on the circumferential surface of the wheels of the casters 33.
Are formed. Then, on the rail base 34 in which a pair of rails that match the rail groove are juxtaposed, the main support base 31
The entire transport unit 11 is supported via. Accordingly, the main support base 31 can move horizontally while the sliding direction is regulated by the rails of the rail base 34. The rail base 34 is provided so as to be positioned above the second combustion chamber 26 by the main leg portion 35, and the height of the discharge end 39 of the second transfer pipe 18 and the plastic charging port 3 of the thermal decomposition tank 5 is increased. Are adjusted so that they are substantially the same.

In addition, the supply adjustment unit 14 for adjusting the supply amount of the waste plastic P described above is electrically connected to the supply amount control unit 36. The supply amount control unit 36 is further attached to the thermal decomposition tank 5 and is connected to a liquid level gauge 37 that measures the liquid level height of the contained molten liquid ML. That is, the liquid surface height of the molten liquid ML is reduced by being recovered as the decomposition gas DG from the gas recovery port 4, and is increased due to the increase of the waste plastic P newly injected from the plastic injection port 3 in a molten state. It's always changing.

Therefore, the specific heat of the whole is changed according to the amount of the molten liquid ML stored in the thermal decomposition tank 5 by the heating by the first heating burner 10, and the transferred heat amount is different. Therefore, the liquid level of the melt ML is measured by the liquid level gauge 37, the measured data is sent to the supply amount control unit 36, and the supply amount calculated based on the result is determined by the supply control unit 36. Then, the supply control unit 36 further sends a control signal for supplying the waste plastic P according to the determined supply amount. Then, the supply adjustment unit 14 opens and closes the solenoid valve and the like based on the control signal, and the waste plastic P of the determined supply amount is sent to the first transport pipe 16. As a result, the amount of the melt ML in the thermal decomposition tank 5 can be kept constant, the temperature distribution of the melt ML becomes constant, and the thermal efficiency becomes stable. Therefore, the decomposition gas DG can be stably recovered,
Further, oil products G, T, K of uniform quality can be obtained from the recovered decomposition gas DG.

Further, in the oiling apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the undistilled residual gas RG remaining after the oil fractions G, T, K are fractionated by the fractionation section 12 is supplied to the second combustion chamber. 26 into the second combustion chamber 2 by the second heating burner 27.
There is provided a residual gas introduction section for burning the inside of the unit 6. As a result, the heating air H generated by the combustion of the second heating burner 27
The occurrence of A can be complemented. In addition, combustible residual gas RG composed mainly of low molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds,
It will not be released directly into the atmosphere, and the need for safety measures such as flammability hazard will be eliminated. Further, the influence on the natural environment such as air pollution is reduced.

Next, the stirring drive unit 6 supported above the thermal decomposition tank 5 in the oilification apparatus 1 of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
It will be described based on. The lid part 2 of the thermal decomposition tank 5 has the plastic injection port 3 connected to the discharge end 39 of the second carrier pipe 18, the gas recovery port 4 for recovering the generated decomposition gas DG, and the melt ML as described above. A liquid level gauge insertion portion 40 into which a liquid level gauge 37 for measuring the liquid level height is inserted is provided. Further, in order to visually confirm the inside of the thermal decomposition tank 5, a confirmation window 4
Thermocouple insertion portion 4 in which thermocouples (not shown) for measuring the liquid temperature of the molten liquid ML and the gas temperature of the decomposition gas DG in the thermal decomposition tank 5 are provided with 1a and 41b at two locations.
2a and 42b are provided, respectively.

The stirring drive unit 6 includes a stirring motor 43 that generates a rotational force for rotating the stirring body 8 about the stirring shaft 7, and a transmission belt 44 that transmits the rotation of the stirring motor 43 to the stirring shaft 7. And a bearing 45 and a bearing receiver 46 that axially support the upper end of the stirring shaft 7. And these are supported by the stirring support part 47 in the upper position of the thermal decomposition tank 5. Then, the stirring support section 4
7 is supported in a cantilevered manner by a rotating portion 49 provided on a frame body 48 formed around the thermal decomposition tank 5 and is pivotally supported in a horizontally rotatable manner. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the stirring drive unit 6 can be rotated about the rotation unit 49 as an axis to a position deviated from the upper position of the thermal decomposition tank 5. At this time, when the stirring drive unit 6 is rotated, the stirring shaft 7 detachably connected to the stirring drive unit 6 and the stirring body 8 attached to the stirring shaft 7 are removed. Therefore, the agitating shaft 7 and the agitating body 8 associated with the turning do not come into contact with the thermal decomposition tank 5 and the turning is not hindered.

Further, the oiling apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is provided with a blower (not shown) for sending out air for exhausting the flame F of the heating burners 10 and 27 or urging exhaust of the heated air HA, and a rotary drive. Electric power equipment (not shown) including a generator that supplies electric power to the parts 21 and 22 and the stirring motor 43 is provided. Further, the oilification device 1 includes the fractionator 12
In the above, a cooling / water supply facility (not shown) including a cooling tower for cooling and distilling the decomposition gas DG and distilling and for circulating cooling water to the water cooling parts 28a, 28b, 28c is provided. Further, a plurality of thermocouples (not shown) for measuring the temperatures of the melt ML, the decomposition gas DG, and the fractionating section 12 at each part of the oilification device 1, and the oilification device 1 based on the measured temperatures. A temperature control unit (not shown) for controlling the internal temperature is provided. Further, a main controller (not shown) for comprehensively managing these facilities and operating the oilification device 1 is provided.

Here, it is desirable that the waste plastic P has a constant chemical composition in order to obtain a good oil product.
Here, polypropylene is used. The first combustion chamber 9 and the second combustion chamber 26 are made of a material that can withstand high temperatures, such as heat-resistant brick.

Here, the stirring shaft 7 and the stirring body 8 correspond to the stirring means of the present invention, and the first heating burner 10 and the second heating burner 27 correspond to the heating means and the second heating means of the present invention. The retaining part 12 corresponds to the oiling means of the present invention, the first conveying pipe 16 and the second conveying pipe 18 correspond to the conveying pipe of the present invention, and the first rotary driving part 21 and the second rotary driving part 22 are main. It corresponds to the rotary drive unit of the invention.

Further, the water cooling parts 28a, 28b, 28c correspond to the heat transfer suppressing means of the present invention, and the inclined support bases 23a,
23b, the sub-supporting base 30, and the main supporting base 31 correspond to the supporting base of the present invention, the main supporting base 31 having the casters 33 and the rail base 34 correspond to the sliding separating means of the present invention, and the supply adjusting unit 14 The supply amount control unit 36 corresponds to the supply amount adjusting unit in the present invention, the liquid level gauge 37 corresponds to the measuring unit in the present invention, and the rotating unit 49 corresponds to the stirring rotating unit in the present invention.

Next, a method of using the oilification device 1 of this embodiment will be described. First, an electromagnetic valve (not shown) of the supply adjusting unit 14 is opened based on the control signal sent from the supply amount control unit 36, and a predetermined amount of waste plastic P is sent from the hopper 13 to the first transport pipe 16. The opening operation of the supply adjusting unit 14 is performed by the liquid level gauge 3 arranged in the thermal decomposition tank 5.
This is performed by sending a control signal from the supply amount adjusting unit 36 as needed based on the liquid level height measured by 7. Then, along with the rotational driving force of the conveying screw 19a and the inclination of the first conveying pipe 16, the waste plastic P is conveyed in the conveying path 15a in the first conveying direction (corresponding to the diagonally rightward downward direction in FIG. 2). . Then, the waste plastic P that has been transported to the connecting pipe 17 that is hung down and connected to the vicinity of the end of the first transport pipe 16 drops inside the connecting pipe 17 by its own weight and is sent to the second transport pipe 18. Then, the inside of the conveying path 15b of the second conveying pipe 18 is similarly conveyed by the conveying screw 19b.
Is conveyed to the discharge end 39 connected to the plastic injection port 3 of the thermal decomposition tank 5 by the rotational driving force and the inclination.

At this time, the conveying direction of the second conveying pipe 18 is opposite to that of the first conveying pipe 16 (second conveying direction: corresponding to a diagonally lower left direction on the paper surface in FIG. 2). That is, by vertically stacking the first transfer pipe 16 and the second transfer pipe 18, it is possible to make the installation space of the entire oilification device 1 compact and to increase the transfer distance of the waste plastic P to some extent. That is, the heat of the heating air HA flowing through the heating flow paths 24a and 24b so as to surround the transfer paths 15a and 15b of the transfer tubes 16 and 18 is sufficiently transmitted to the waste plastic P, and the transfer tube 1
It is possible to obtain a state close to that of the melt ML among Nos. 6 and 18. As a result, the waste plastic P discharged from the discharge end 39 into the thermal decomposition tank 5 has almost no temperature difference from the melted liquid ML which is already contained in the thermal decomposition tank 5 and is being stirred. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the temperature inside the thermal decomposition tank 5 from temporarily lowering due to heat loss due to the input of the waste plastic P. As a result, the temperature distribution of the melt ML can be made substantially uniform, and it does not become a factor that lowers the oilification efficiency and the quality of the produced oil product. On the other hand, the heating channel 2
The heat of the heated air HA flowing through the water cooling portions 4a and 24b is
A, 28b, and 28c impede heat transfer to the parts near the transfer tubes 16 and 18, respectively. This allows
Since the part concerned does not become overheated, the rotation drive part 21,
It is possible to suppress the occurrence of defects such as seizure of motor parts such as 22. Thereby, the oilification device 1 can be stably operated.

Thereafter, the thermal decomposition tank 5 is agitated by the agitator 8 and continued to be heated by the first heating burner 10.
The molten liquid ML therein gradually starts to vaporize from the liquid, and a decomposition gas DG containing a low molecular weight hydrocarbon compound as a main component is generated from the gas-liquid interface of the molten liquid ML. Then, the decomposed gas DG is recovered from the gas recovery port 4 and is further introduced to the fractionating section 12. As a result, the desired oils G, T, K are derived from the cracked gas DG supplied to the fractionator 12.

Here, in the oilification apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, a part of the light oil produced by fractional distillation is generated and the first heating burner 1 is used.
0 and the second heating burner 27 and is used as fuel for combustion. On the other hand, the cooling water used in the water cooling section 28a and the like and the fractionating section 12 is supplied by circulating water through a cooling tower (not shown) and a water storage tank (not shown). This allows
The oilification device 1 of the present embodiment uses the produced oil product (mainly light oil K) as a fuel for combustion and a driving fuel for a generator for power supply, and further circulates cooling water or the like. In order to make it reusable, it is possible to operate the oilification device 1 by self-sufficiency even in a bad environment such as in the mountains where electricity and water are scarce or in the middle of a desert. Therefore, the overall cost of the oilification device 1 can be significantly reduced.

On the other hand, the waste plastic P added as a starting material for producing the oil product has various ultraviolet protective agents added to modify the properties of the plastic in addition to the polymer component by the hydrocarbon chain. And substances such as stabilizers, pigments and antistatic agents. Of these, a high melting point component and a metal compound, which are difficult to be melted by the heating by the first heating burner 10, are often contained, and the thermal decomposition tank 5 is not recovered as the decomposition gas DG. Accumulate as a residue inside. Furthermore, since the inner peripheral wall of the thermal decomposition tank 5 is particularly exposed to a high temperature, a carbonization reaction is likely to occur and is likely to accumulate as coking. Therefore, after operating the oilification device 1 for a long time, it is necessary to remove the residue and coking accumulated in the thermal decomposition tank 5.

Therefore, the oilification device 1 of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in, by sliding the main support 31 in the regulated horizontal direction along the rail of the rail 34, the main support 31 is densely arranged in the vicinity of the thermal decomposition tank 5 and has a particularly large occupied volume. The transport unit 11 can be kept away from the thermal decomposition tank 5. As a result, a work space necessary for carrying out the work of removing caulking and residues is secured around the thermal decomposition tank 5. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, by rotating the agitation drive unit 6 from a position above the lid portion 2 of the thermal decomposition tank 5 with the rotating portion 49 as an axis, the stirring drive unit 6 is disengaged from above the thermal decomposition tank 5. It can be moved to the position (dotted line 6a in FIG. 4). As a result, a wide space is formed laterally and above the thermal decomposition tank 5.

Therefore, even when the above-mentioned removal work is performed, the worker is not forced to take an unreasonable posture, and the inside of the thermal decomposition tank 5 can be easily confirmed with the naked eye, so that the caulking can be removed. The location can be reliably identified.
As a result, the removal work becomes easier and the waste plastic P
It is possible to suppress the loss of heat transfer efficiency related to the oilification treatment of.

As described above, in the oiling apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the carrying section 11 and the stirring drive section 6 can be moved to a position apart from the thermal decomposition tank 5 during maintenance work such as coking removal. . As a result, the thermal decomposition tank 5
A sufficient working space is secured around, and you can work easily.

In addition, since the waste plastic P is preheated and put into the thermal decomposition tank 5 in the state of almost the melt ML, the temperature of the melt ML is always stable and the heat loss is reduced. As a result, stable oilification efficiency and production of high-quality oils G, T, and K are performed. Further, heated air H for heating the waste plastic P in the transfer pipes 16 and 18
Since A is generated by the second heating burner 27 in the second combustion chamber 26 independent of the first combustion chamber 9, it affects the heating by the first combustion chamber 9 and the first heating burner 10 of the thermal decomposition tank 5. Never. Therefore, the stable recovery of the decomposition gas DG and the melting of the waste plastic P to be conveyed are reliably performed.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and as shown below, within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. Various improvements and design changes are possible.

In the oilification apparatus 1 of this embodiment, polypropylene was used as the waste plastic P as a raw material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and other types of plastics can be used. . For example, a polyolefin-based polymer such as polyethylene or polystyrene, or a general-purpose plastic such as polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene terephthalate may be used as a raw material. In this case, treatment may be required in advance depending on the characteristics of each plastic.
For example, for polyvinyl chloride or the like containing a chlorine atom in its molecule, it is desirable to further install a dechlorination device or the like in order to avoid corrosion of the device. Furthermore, the types and mixing states of these plastics, and the fractionating section 1
By appropriately setting the distillation treatment temperature in 2 and the like, it is also possible to obtain an oily product containing hydrocarbons such as heavy oils other than gasoline G, kerosene T, and light oil K as a main component.

Further, as a means for suppressing the occurrence of coking, a part of the molten liquid containing a non-volatile residue is extracted from the bottom of the thermal decomposition tank 5 already disclosed by the present applicants, and the first or second combustion chamber 9 is removed. , 26 may be injected and burned by the flame F, and the present invention may be combined. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of coking, produce a composite effect of facilitating the work of coking and removal of the residue, and allow the continuous operation of the oilification device to be performed for a longer time.

[0056]

As described above, in the oiling apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the conveying section for conveying the waste plastic to the pyrolysis tank can be slid in a substantially horizontal direction. This ensures a sufficient working space for removing coking accumulated in the thermal decomposition tank. Therefore, the removal work can be easily performed without forcing the worker to take an unreasonable posture.

In addition to the effect of the oilification device of the invention of claim 1, the oilification device of the invention of claim 2 rotates the stirring drive portion located above the pyrolysis tank to rotate the oil decomposition device. The upper part is opened. As a result, caulking and residue removal work can be further facilitated.

In addition to the effect of the oilification device of claim 1 or 2, the oilification device of the invention of claim 3 thermally decomposes waste plastic by heating it in advance in the transfer pipe of the transfer part. The temperature drop and heat loss when charged into the tank are reduced, and stable oil treatment can be continuously performed. Further, since an independent combustion chamber is provided to convey the waste plastic in a molten state, the heating of the thermal decomposition tank and the conveying pipe can be performed separately, so that there is no effect on individual heating.

The oil refining apparatus of the invention of claim 4 has the effect of the oil refining apparatus of claim 3, and in addition, the heat of the carrier pipe is prevented from being transmitted to the rotary drive unit. As a result, the problem that the rotary drive unit becomes overheated and seizure does not occur.

In addition to the effects of the oilification device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the oilification device according to the invention of claim 5 has the effect of increasing the liquid level of the molten liquid in the pyrolysis tank. Based on this, the amount of waste plastic supplied is determined. As a result, the same volume of molten liquid is always stored in the thermal decomposition tank,
The temperature of the molten liquid due to heating is easily adjusted, and the thermal efficiency and the amount of decomposed gas generated are stable. Therefore, the oilification efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing a schematic configuration of an oilification device which is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the position of a transport unit when the oilification device of the present embodiment is in operation.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a position of a transport unit when removing coking in the oilification device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a rotating state of a stirring drive unit of the oilification device of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Oilification device 2 lid 3 Plastic input port 4 gas recovery port 5 Thermal decomposition tank 6, 6a Stirring drive unit (stirring means) 7 Stirring shaft (stirring means) 8 Stirrer (stirring means) 9 First combustion chamber (combustion chamber) 10 First heating burner (heating means) 11 Transport section 12 fractionating section (oiling means) 14 Supply adjusting unit (supply amount adjusting means) 15a, 15b transport path 16 First carrier pipe (carrier pipe) 18 Second carrier pipe (carrier pipe) 19a, 19b Conveyor screw 20 Screw part 21 First rotation drive unit (rotation drive unit) 22 Second rotation drive unit (rotation drive unit) 24a, 24b heating channel 26 Second combustion chamber 27 Second heating burner (second heating means) 28a, 28b, 28c Water cooling unit (heat transfer suppressing means) 31 Main support base (sliding / separating means, support base) 33 casters (sliding separation means) 34 Rail stand (sliding separation means) 36 Supply amount control unit (supply amount adjusting means) 37 Liquid level gauge (measurement means) 43 Stirring motor (stirring drive unit) 44 Transmission belt (stirring drive unit) 45 Bearing (stirring drive part) 46 Bearing receiver (stirring drive unit) 47 Stirrer support 49 Rotating part (stirring rotating means) DG decomposition gas F flame G gasoline (oil) HA heated air K Light oil (oil) ML melt P Waste plastic RG residual gas T kerosene (oil)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A thermal decomposition tank having a plastic injection port for introducing waste plastic and a gas recovery port for recovering a decomposition gas generated by the thermally decomposed waste plastic, and containing a melted liquid of the waste plastic. A transport unit for transporting the waste plastic to the plastic input port, a stirring means for stirring the molten liquid in the thermal decomposition tank, a combustion chamber formed around the thermal decomposition tank, and a combustion chamber in the combustion chamber. A heating unit that heats the outer peripheral wall of the thermal decomposition tank, and an oil that is provided in connection with the gas recovery port, recovers the decomposition gas generated in the thermal decomposition tank, and distills to produce an oil product. An oilification device comprising a liquefying means, wherein the transport section is connected to the plastic inlet, and has a transport tube in which a transport path for transporting the waste plastic is formed. A screw part that is disposed in the transport path and has a spiral screw shape along an axis, and a screw part that transports the waste plastic by the rotational propulsive force of the transport screw; and a rotation that rotates the screw part. A drive unit, a support base that supports the transfer pipe, the screw unit, and the rotation drive unit, and a sliding distance that slides the support base in a substantially horizontal direction and separates the transfer pipe from the pyrolysis tank. An oilification device, further comprising: 2. The stirring means is a stirring body which stirs the melt contained in the thermal decomposition tank, and a stirring body which is connected to the stirring body and has one end protruding upward from a lid portion of the thermal decomposition tank. A shaft, a stirring drive unit disposed above the thermal decomposition tank and rotating the stirring body by the agitating shaft that is rotatably supported; and a stirring support unit supporting the stirring drive unit at a position above the thermal decomposition tank. The oilification apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a stirring rotation unit that rotates the stirring drive unit supported by the stirring support unit from a position above the thermal decomposition tank. 3. The transport pipe further has a heating flow passage through which heated air can flow for heating the waste plastic to bring it into a molten state and transport the waste plastic, and is connected to the heating flow passage. The oilification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a second combustion chamber formed by the above, and a second heating unit that generates the heated air in the second combustion chamber. . 4. A heat transfer suppressing unit, which is provided between the carrier pipe and the rotary drive unit, for suppressing transfer of heat of the heated air flowing through the heating flow path to the rotary drive unit. The oiling device according to claim 3, characterized in that. 5. A measuring unit for measuring a liquid level height of the melt contained in the thermal decomposition tank, and the thermal decomposition based on the liquid level height of the melt measured by the measuring unit. The oiling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a supply amount adjusting unit that adjusts a supply amount of the waste plastic supplied to the tank.