JP2004035851A - Liquefaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquefaction apparatus by which a high purity fuel oil can safely and stably be recovered from materials to be liquefied, wherein the materials are waste plastics etc., by treating them in the scale of practical use. <P>SOLUTION: The liquefaction apparatus is designed to recover the fuel oil by cooling a gaseous product mainly composed of the fuel oil produced by pyrolysis of raw materials containing the materials to be liquefied, by heating them in a sealed pyrolysis even which equipped with a means for kneading the charged raw materials and a means for discharging a residual product deposited onto the bottom from the oven. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an oiling apparatus, and more particularly, to an oiling apparatus capable of treating an object to be liquefied such as industrial waste or general waste plastic under normal pressure and recovering fuel oil as thermal recycling.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Used waste plastic contained in industrial waste or general waste has a large volume and does not decompose spontaneously, which is a problem in securing a place at a waste disposal site. Most landfills are usually disposed of by landfill or incineration. However, some of them are pulverized from the viewpoint of thermal recycling, the pulverized material is thermally decomposed, the cracked gas is reformed by contact, and oil (kerosene, gasoline, etc.) useful as fuel is produced and reused. ing.
[0003]
The technology of oil treatment of waste plastics has made considerable progress in recent decades, and various oiling devices have been developed. For example, various types of oiling apparatuses according to the processing amount have been developed from a large oiling apparatus capable of processing tens of thousands of tons per year to a small oiling apparatus capable of processing several hundred tons per year (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-13045). JP, JP-A-10-86153, etc.).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
For the purpose of recovering high-grade fuel oil, an oil converting apparatus having a catalytic cracking operation and a complicated distillation operation using a catalyst has been developed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-61146). However, in such an oiling device, when foreign substances such as paper, cloth, metal, thermosetting resin, and chlorinated resin are mixed in waste plastics, troubles are likely to occur and the plant does not operate well, In addition, zeolite, metal catalyst, and the like, which are generally used as catalysts, have a short life, so that there is a problem that the oiling device cannot be operated stably.
[0005]
In addition, the conventional oiling equipment had insufficient mixing and agitation in the pyrolysis furnace, so when processing plastics containing chlorinated resins such as general waste plastics, hydrogen chloride was found in the pyrolysis furnace. The problem is that the gas concentration becomes locally high, and hydrogen chloride reacts with the decomposition product of the plasticizer of the vinyl chloride resin contained in the raw material to generate new organic chlorine compounds, which lowers the quality of the generated oil. There was also. In addition, most of the oiling equipment up to now used a direct fire heating method for heating the pyrolysis tank, so the radiant heat locally heated the inside of the pyrolysis tank, and generated severe carbides in the pyrolysis tank. However, this lowers the mixing / stirring efficiency in the pyrolysis tank, which makes it difficult to operate a stable oiling device.
[0006]
On the other hand, it is necessary to ensure the safety of the work in operating the oil conversion device. In the past waste plastics factories, fire was caused by air infiltration when supplying waste plastic to the pyrolysis oven or melting machine, or due to inadequate fire prevention equipment when removing high-temperature decomposition residues from the pyrolysis oven. In some cases, this resulted in an accident, which was a major problem.
Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a new oil-forming apparatus that can be operated stably on a practical scale and has no problems described above.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and can treat an oily object such as waste plastic on a practical scale, and can safely and stably recover high-purity fuel oil from the oily object. An object is to provide an oiling device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have intensively studied various conditions such as melting, decomposing, kneading, and the like of an object to be liquefied in a thermal cracker in the liquefier in order to solve various operational problems of the liquefier. As a result, they have found a means that can operate at a high operation rate even if the apparatus is scaled up and that can operate stably for a long period of time, and have completed the oil conversion apparatus of the present invention.
[0009]
That is, an object of the present invention is to heat a raw material containing an oily substance in a closed thermal cracking vessel and cool a gas mainly composed of fuel oil decomposed and generated in the thermal cracking vessel. An oil liquefaction apparatus for recovering fuel oil, comprising: a raw material kneading means for kneading the raw material supplied to the pyrolysis kettle; and a discharge device for discharging a residue deposited on a bottom from the pyrolysis kettle. This is achieved by an oil-forming apparatus characterized by having a residue discharge means.
[0010]
Further, preferred embodiments of the oiling device of the present invention are as follows.
(1) The oiling apparatus having a liquid level adjusting means for adjusting the liquid level of the raw material melted by the pyrolysis kettle.
(2) The oiling apparatus having a residue discharging means for discharging a residue discharged from the pyrolysis kettle by the residue discharging means at a position higher than a liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis kettle. .
(3) The oiling device having a heating chamber for heating the pyrolysis kettle on the outer periphery of the pyrolysis kettle.
(4) The oil converting apparatus having a raw material supply unit for supplying the raw material into the pyrolysis furnace.
(5) The oil-forming apparatus, wherein the pyrolysis pot further has a shell layer at an upper part in the pyrolysis pot.
(6) The oiling device, wherein the oiling target includes at least one selected from the group consisting of plastic, tires, and kitchen waste.
(7) The oiling device in which the raw material kneading means is a twin-screw ribbon mixer.
(8) The oiling device in which the residue discharging means is a mixing / discharging screw conveyor.
(9) The oiling device in which the liquid level adjusting means is a load cell.
(10) The oiling device that circulates combustion gas in the heating chamber.
(11) The oiling device, wherein the raw material supply means is a screw conveyor having a consolidation part.
[0011]
The oiling apparatus of the present invention has a raw material kneading means in a pyrolysis kettle. Accordingly, the oiling apparatus of the present invention can uniformly melt and mix the oily target in the thermal decomposition vessel, and can make the temperature of the oily target uniform. Further, since hydrogen chloride generated by the thermal decomposition reaction of the oily substance can be evenly dispersed in the pyrolysis tank, the decomposition product of the plasticizer of the vinyl chloride resin in the oily substance and hydrogen chloride are removed. The reaction can be greatly suppressed, whereby a high-quality fuel oil having a low chlorine content can be produced. Further, since the oil-forming apparatus of the present invention has the residue discharging means in the thermal cracking vessel, the residue deposited on the bottom of the thermal cracking vessel can be efficiently extracted.
[0012]
Further, the thermal cracking pot in the oil conversion device of the present invention may have a liquid level adjusting means. Thereby, the liquid level of the oily object in the pyrolysis furnace is maintained at a constant level, and it is possible to prevent air from entering the pyrolysis furnace due to the decrease in the liquid level.
[0013]
Further, the oiling apparatus of the present invention may have a residue extracting means for extracting a residue at a position higher than the liquid level of the oily target in the thermal cracker. Accordingly, when the residue is extracted from the oil-forming device of the present invention, the air does not flow back into the pyrolysis tank, and the safety of the oil-forming device can be further improved.
[0014]
Further, the oiling apparatus of the present invention may have a heating chamber for heating the pyrolysis kettle on the outer periphery at the bottom of the pyrolysis kettle. As a result, the oiling device of the present invention can avoid local overheating of the pyrolysis furnace, and can mildly and uniformly heat the entire pyrolysis furnace, greatly reducing carbide precipitation and enabling stable operation. And
[0015]
Further, the oil conversion apparatus of the present invention may have a raw material supply means for supplying a raw material into the pyrolysis tank. As a result, in the oil converting apparatus of the present invention, the raw material can be continuously supplied into the pyrolysis tank. In particular, when the raw material supply means of the present invention is a screw conveyor provided with a consolidation section, air can be prevented from entering the pyrolysis oven during the supply of the raw material, so that the hermeticity inside the pyrolysis oven is further improved. it can.
[0016]
Further, the oiling apparatus of the present invention may have a shell layer on the upper part of the pyrolysis kettle. As a result, the oiling apparatus of the present invention can efficiently remove the hydrogen chloride gas generated in the pyrolysis kettle, and separates the droplets of the oily target melted in the pyrolysis kettle from the cracked gas, thereby reducing the hue of the fuel oil. Can be prevented from becoming worse.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0018]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II of the embodiment of FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the embodiment of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the oiling apparatus 1 of the present invention includes a raw material supply hopper 10, a raw material supply conveyor 20, a thermal cracker 30, a heating chamber 40, a heat source supply chamber 50, a residue extracting conveyor 60, and a residue. It has an object extraction tank 70.
[0019]
The raw material supply hopper 10 is a container for storing a raw material (hereinafter, referred to as “raw material”) containing the input oily substance and for supplying a constant amount while mixing the raw materials so as not to block. The raw materials stirred and mixed by the mixer in the raw material supply hopper 10 are sequentially supplied to a raw material supply conveyor 20A from a supply port provided at the bottom of the raw material supply hopper 10. Although not shown in FIG. 1, a valve mechanism with a sensor is provided at the supply port of the raw material supply hopper 10 to open and close the supply port to control the amount of the raw material supplied to the raw material supply conveyor 20A to a predetermined amount. You can also.
[0020]
The oily object contained in the raw material contains at least one selected from plastics, tires, and kitchen waste. The plastic to be oiled may be any of a thermoplastic resin and a foam thereof, as long as the plastic becomes a liquid by melting in the pyrolysis oven 30, and general waste containing a large amount of the thermoplastic resin. It is preferably a mixed plastic of the system.
[0021]
Examples of the thermoplastic resin include vinyl resins such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and polyolefin resins. Examples of the polyolefin-based resin include polyethylene and polypropylene. Among these resins, a thermoplastic resin is preferable from the viewpoint of easiness of melting, yield, and the like, and examples thereof include polyethylene, polystyrene, polypropylene, and a mixture thereof.
[0022]
Examples of kitchen waste to be oiled include those having a high oil content such as sewage sludge, grease traps, and pits. Examples of the tire to be oiled include ordinary tires used for automobiles, bicycles, and the like.
[0023]
The higher the content of plastics, tires, garbage, and the like in the object to be oiled, the better. It is preferable to select only plastics, only tires, only garbage, or a mixture thereof, and more preferably only plastics. If the raw material contains a large amount of chlorine-based resin such as vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, pre-treatment such as specific gravity separation is performed in advance to remove the chlorine-based resin component in order to prevent the generation of a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas during melting of the raw material. It is desirable to keep.
[0024]
In the present invention, foreign substances other than plastics, tires, and kitchen waste, for example, papers such as corrugated paper, advertising paper, and newsprint may be mixed. However, it is preferable that the amount of foreign matter mixed is as small as possible, and it varies depending on the oiling target, but is preferably in the range of 0 to 50% by weight, and preferably 0 to 5% by weight, based on the oiling target. Is more preferred.
[0025]
The raw material supply conveyor 20 corresponds to the raw material supply means of the present invention, and has a rotating shaft 21, a screw 22, and a driving motor 23 for transporting the raw material supplied from the raw material supply hopper 10 into the pyrolysis tank 30. It consists of. One end of the rotating shaft 21 is connected to the drive motor 23, and the other end is received by a bearing. As long as the screw 22 can convey the raw material to the pyrolysis kiln 30, the shape, the number of blades, the pitch, the pressure applied to the raw material, and the like are not particularly limited. The screw 22 can be, for example, a spiral blade having a pitch of 50 to 250 mm. The driving motor 23 transmits the driving force to the screw 22 as a rotating force via the connected rotating shaft 21, and conveys the raw material to the pyrolysis pot 30. The number of rotations of the drive motor 23 per unit time can be changed as appropriate according to the amount of material transported.
[0026]
The raw material supply conveyor 20 can be provided with a consolidation part (not shown) in order to reduce the invasion of air into the pyrolysis kettle 30 during the supply of the raw material. The consolidating portion is a portion for consolidating the raw material supplied from the raw material supply hopper 10, and for example, a pitch of the screw 22 corresponding to a length of 5 to 10 times the outer cylinder diameter in the middle of the raw material supply conveyor 20. , Or a part of the blade of the screw 22 is omitted.
[0027]
The raw material supply conveyor 20 can be provided singly or plurally in the oiling apparatus of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two raw material supply conveyors 20 are provided (20A, 20B). The raw material supplied from the raw material supply hopper 10 to the raw material supply conveyor 20A is consolidated in the raw material supply conveyor 20A, and then conveyed from the bottom opposite to the raw material supply hopper 10 side to the raw material supply conveyor 20B via the flexible tube 24. Is done. The raw material transported to the raw material supply conveyor 20B is further transported to the pyrolysis kettle 30 by rotation of a screw in the raw material supply conveyor 20B.
[0028]
Next, the pyrolysis pot 30 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Generally, there are a vertical type and a horizontal type in the pyrolysis furnace, but in the present invention, in order to realize mild heating, comprehensively consider the area of the heat transfer area, the stirring and mixing efficiency, the application of the residue discharging means, and the like. It is preferable to use a horizontal pyrolysis pot.
The pyrolysis kiln 30 has a raw material kneading means for kneading the raw material supplied from the raw material supply conveyor 20 and a residue discharging means for discharging the residue deposited on the bottom from the pyrolysis kiln 30. The raw material kneading unit and the residue discharging unit are respectively represented as a ribbon mixer 31 and a mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 in FIG.
[0029]
The ribbon mixer 31 has a function of kneading the molten raw material in the pyrolysis kiln 30 and a function of scraping carbides attached to the peripheral wall of the pyrolysis kiln 30. As shown in FIG. 3, the ribbon mixer 31 includes spiral (double crossed) blades 33, a rotating shaft 34, and a drive motor 35. The ribbon mixer 31 drives the drive motor 35 to rotate the rotating shaft 34 in a predetermined direction (the direction in which the raw material is discharged and the opposite direction), thereby moving the raw material melted in the pyrolysis oven 30 in the opposite direction. Can be mixed while stirring.
[0030]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is preferable to use a two-shaft ribbon mixer rather than a single-shaft ribbon mixer, as shown in FIGS. The number of spiral blades 33 of the ribbon mixer 31 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined as needed. The number of spiral blades 33 of the ribbon mixer shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is two, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of spiral blades 33 can be further increased. For example, the number of spiral blades may be 3 to 8, preferably 4 to 5.
[0031]
The mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32 is for mixing inside the pyrolysis vessel 30 and discharging residues (non-decomposable and high-boiling substances) deposited at the bottom of the pyrolysis vessel 30 to the outside of the pyrolysis vessel 30. It is. The mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32 is capable of normal rotation and reverse rotation, and usually rotates toward the raw material inlet of the pyrolysis kiln 30 to mix the molten raw material with the raw material. When the discharge of the residue is performed intermittently, the mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 reversely rotates the screw at regular intervals to discharge the residue.
[0032]
The mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 in order to continuously or intermittently discharge the residue contained in the raw material melted in the pyrolysis oven 30 to the outside of the pyrolysis oven 30. It can be structured. As shown in FIG. 2, a mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32 is provided in the bottom central longitudinal direction of the pyrolysis oven 30 in order to easily bundle the residue. The mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 includes a rotating shaft, a screw, and a driving motor. The thickness of the rotating shaft, the shape of the screw blades, the outer diameter, the number of pitches, the number of rotations per unit time, and the like are the same as those of the pyrolyzer 30. And the discharge amount of the residue. The discharge amount of the residue from the mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 is appropriately controlled by the valve mechanism 41 in accordance with the discharge amount from the residue discharge means described later.
[0033]
The pyrolysis oven 30 can further have a liquid level adjusting means for adjusting the liquid level of the molten raw material. The liquid level adjusting means of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the molten liquid material in the pyrolysis vessel 30 can be controlled so as not to be lower than a predetermined level (line AA 'in FIG. 1). And a load cell capable of adjusting the liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis tank from the mass of the raw material in the pyrolysis tank. In the present invention, it is preferable that the load cell 36, which can control the liquid level of the raw material relatively easily, be used as the liquid level adjusting means. In the present invention, for example, when the liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis tank 30 reaches a predetermined liquid level (line AA ′ in FIG. 1), a signal is received from the load cell 36 to supply or stop the raw material. Thus, the liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis tank can be maintained at a constant level. Thereby, stable operation of the apparatus is possible without air flowing back into the pyrolysis tank 30.
[0034]
The pyrolysis kettle 30 can be provided with a shell layer 37 on its upper part for the purpose of removing hydrogen chloride gas generated in the pyrolysis kettle 30 and removing traces of raw material entrained substances contained in the cracked gas. . For the shell constituting the shell layer 37, for example, shellfish such as clams, clams, scallops, and oysters, as well as dead coral reefs mainly composed of calcium components, stalactites, and the like can be used. Above all, shellfish is waste itself, and its use is the use of waste, so that hydrogen chloride gas can be removed at low cost and high yield.
[0035]
The heating of the pyrolysis oven 30 can be directly performed by using a burner or the like. However, in order to prevent the generation of carbides due to local overheating as much as possible, a heating chamber 40 is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the pyrolysis oven 30. preferable. In the heating chamber 40 of the present invention, the thermal decomposition vessel 30 can be heated mildly and uniformly by circulating the heat medium.
The heating temperature of the pyrolysis kettle 30 is controlled, for example, by a signal from a temperature sensor so that the temperature of the raw material is about 200 to 500 ° C., preferably about 300 to 450 ° C., and more preferably about 380 to 420 ° C. It is adjusted to a predetermined range by proportional control, ON-OFF control and the like of the chamber 50. In order to obtain this desired temperature, it is preferable to adjust the temperature of the heating medium supplied into the heating chamber to a range of 500 to 800 ° C.
[0036]
The heating chamber 40 is filled with a heat medium supplied from the heat source supply chamber 50, and by circulating the heat medium in the heat chamber, the pyrolysis oven 30 can be heated mildly and uniformly. The heating medium used in the heating chamber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hot air and hot oil, and preferably hot air. The circulation of the heat medium in the heating chamber 40 is performed by, for example, a method of providing a circulation pipe outside the heating chamber 40 and circulating the heat medium with a blower 43 or a method of providing a fan (not shown) in the heating chamber 40. Is also good. The heat medium that has circulated through the heating chamber 40 is then discharged from the exhaust port 42, and the discharged heat can be further supplied as a heat source of a steam generator 63 described later. Further, the heating chamber 40 may have a structure divided into a plurality of rooms.
[0037]
The heat source supply chamber 50 is a device that generates a heat source by means such as combustion or power generation and supplies the heat source to the heating chamber. For example, when the heat medium is hot air, as shown in FIG. The hot air obtained by burning with the combustion air is supplied to the heating chamber 40.
[0038]
The residue deposited on the bottom in the pyrolysis kettle 30 is discharged to the outside of the pyrolysis kettle 30 by the mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32. In the present invention, the discharged residue is used as a raw material liquid in the pyrolysis kettle 30. It can be extracted by a residue extraction means that is extracted at a place higher than the place.
[0039]
The residue extracting means may be, for example, a residue extracting conveyor 60 including a rotating shaft, a screw, and a drive motor, as shown in FIG. The residue discharged from the pyrolysis kettle 30 is continuously or intermittently discharged from the mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32 by the residue discharge conveyor 60, and the liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis kettle 30 (AA ′ in FIG. 1). After being transported to a higher place than the line, they are sequentially extracted. In order to ensure stable operation of the apparatus, the amount of the residue extracted from the residue extraction conveyor 60 is preferably set to such an amount that the gas sealing property in the pyrolysis oven 30 is not lost.
[0040]
In the residue extraction conveyor 60, the residue discharged from the pyrolysis kettle 30 is transported by the conveyor to a discharge outlet of the residue extraction conveyor 60. At this time, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat circulated in the heating chamber 40 to prevent the residue from being cooled and solidified before reaching the discharge outlet of the residue discharge conveyor 60. Using the waste heat of the medium, the medium can be transported while being appropriately heated.
[0041]
The residue discharged from the discharge outlet of the residue discharge conveyor 60 falls into a residue discharge tank 70 via a residue discharge pipe 61 provided below, and is cooled and solidified. As a method of cooling and solidifying the residue, for example, the distal end of the residue discharge pipe 61 is formed in a slit shape, and further, the residue discharge pipe 61 is formed by using a steam generator 63 utilizing exhaust heat from a heating chamber. It is preferable that steam be generated at the tip end and a low-oxygen atmosphere be generated by the generated steam because safety is increased.
[0042]
Next, the operation of the oiling device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The raw material stored and stirred in the raw material supply hopper 10 is supplied to the raw material supply conveyor 20A from a supply port provided in the raw material supply hopper 10. The raw material compacted in the raw material supply conveyor 20A is further transported to the raw material supply conveyor 20B via the flexible tube 24, and is transported from the outlet of the raw material supply conveyor 20B into the pyrolysis kiln 30.
[0043]
The raw material supplied to the thermal decomposition vessel 30 is heated and melted in the closed thermal decomposition vessel 30 and kneaded. At the time of the heating and melting treatment, first, the moisture contained in the raw material evaporates, and the inside of the thermal decomposition tank 30 becomes substantially anoxic or dilute oxygen state, and the raw material is heated and melted. Next, when the molten raw material reaches the thermal decomposition temperature, thermal decomposition of the raw material is started. At this time, it is not necessary to pressurize the inside of the thermal decomposition tank 30, and the raw material can be decomposed at almost normal pressure.
[0044]
The heating of the raw material in the pyrolysis kiln 30 is performed via a heating chamber 40. In the heating chamber 40, hot air heated in the heat source supply chamber 50 is circulated by the blower 43. By circulating the hot air, the raw material in the pyrolysis tank 30 can be mildly and uniformly heated as compared with the conventional direct heating method.
[0045]
The raw material in the pyrolysis kettle 30 is likely to adhere to the inner wall of the pyrolysis kettle 30 and become a carbide. The raw materials are mixed and kneaded (kneaded) with a ribbon mixer 31 in order to make the mixture. Further, the mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 is also rotated to mix the melted raw materials. The mixing and discharging screw conveyor 32 during kneading is preferably rotated in the direction in which the raw material is pushed back to the raw material supply conveyor 20B side in order to improve the efficiency of kneading.
[0046]
The gas mainly composed of fuel oil decomposed and generated in the pyrolysis kettle 30 passes through a shell layer 37 provided on the upper portion of the pyrolysis kettle 30 and passes through a cracked gas recovery pipe 38 to a fuel oil condensing device ( (Not shown). The supplied cracked gas is then cooled and the oil is recovered in the oil tank as fuel oil. The recovered liquid may be used as a fuel oil as it is, or may be used as a fuel oil after being improved in hue and physical properties if necessary. Decomposed gas that is not condensed can be treated by, for example, a method such as neutralization or incineration.
[0047]
As the kneading of the raw materials is continued in the pyrolysis kiln 30, residues containing high-boiling substances gradually accumulate on the bottom of the pyrolysis kiln 30. In the present invention, the residue can be continuously discharged from the pyrolysis tank 30 or can be discharged intermittently. In the case of discharging the residue intermittently, an operation of discharging the residue deposited on the bottom of the thermal decomposition vessel 30 to the outside of the thermal decomposition vessel 30 at predetermined time intervals is performed. The discharge of the residue from the pyrolysis tank 30 is performed, for example, about once every several hours, preferably about once every three hours, depending on the type of the oiling target contained in the raw material and the heating temperature.
[0048]
It is not necessary to stop the supply of the raw material when performing the operation of discharging the residue from the pyrolysis furnace 30 continuously, but when performing the operation intermittently, the operation of discharging the residue from the pyrolysis furnace 30 from the raw material supply conveyor 20B is performed. The supply of raw materials to the reactor is temporarily stopped. After the supply of the raw material is stopped, the mixing / discharging screw conveyor 32 is rotated in the opposite direction to that during kneading (that is, the direction in which the residue is conveyed to the residue discharging port side of the pyrolysis oven), and at the same time, the mixing / discharging screw is rotated. The valve mechanism 41 provided between the conveyor 32 and the residue extraction conveyor 60 is opened to transport the residue to the residue extraction conveyor 60. The conveyed residue is conveyed in an obliquely upward direction by rotation of a screw of the conveyer 60 for extracting the residue. The residue conveyed by the residue discharge conveyer 60 reaches a discharge outlet provided at a higher position than the liquid level (AA ′ in FIG. 1) of the pyrolysis tank 30, and then the residue is discharged from the discharge outlet. It falls into the residue discharge tank 70 via the material discharge pipe 61 and is cooled and solidified. The amount of withdrawal to the residue extraction tank 70 is adjusted by opening the residue extraction valve 62.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the oil-forming apparatus of the present invention has a raw material kneading unit and a residue discharging unit in a thermal cracker. For this reason, according to the present invention, the raw materials in the pyrolysis furnace can be uniformly melt-mixed, and the side reaction between the decomposition product of the plasticizer of the vinyl chloride resin and hydrogen chloride can be significantly suppressed. High quality fuel oil with low content can be produced. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to continuously or intermittently extract the residue deposited on the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace.
[0050]
In addition, according to the present invention, the liquid level in the thermal decomposition vessel can be maintained at a constant level by the liquid level adjusting means, so that the intrusion of air into the thermal decomposition vessel due to the decrease in the liquid level can be prevented. Furthermore, according to the present invention, the backflow of air at the time of extracting the residue can be prevented by the residue extracting means, and the safety of the oiling device can be further improved. Furthermore, in the present invention, a heating chamber is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace, and a heating medium is circulated in the heating chamber, so that local overheating of the pyrolysis furnace is avoided and uniform heating of the entire pyrolysis furnace is achieved. In addition, carbide precipitation is greatly reduced, and stable operation is enabled.
[0051]
Further, according to the present invention, air can be prevented from entering the pyrolysis vessel during the supply of the raw material by the raw material supply means, so that the airtightness in the pyrolysis vessel can be improved. Further, according to the present invention, since the shell layer is provided on the upper portion of the pyrolysis oven, it is possible to produce a fuel oil with less contamination of hydrogen chloride gas and molten raw material droplets having a black hue.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of one embodiment of an oiling device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Oiling equipment
10 Material supply hopper
20, 20A, 20B Raw material supply conveyor
21 Rotation axis
22 screws
23 Drive motor
24 Flexible tube
30 Pyrolysis pot
31 Ribbon Mixer
32 Mixing and discharging screw conveyor
33 spiral blade
34 Rotary axis
35 drive motor
36 load cell
37 shell layers
38 Cracking gas recovery pipe
40 heating room
41 Valve mechanism
42 exhaust port
43 Blower
50 heat source supply room
60 Conveyor for extracting residue
61 Waste extraction pipe
62 Waste extraction valve
63 steam generator
70 Waste extraction tank

Claims (12)

An oil for recovering fuel oil by heating a raw material containing an object to be liquefied in a closed thermal cracking vessel and cooling a gas mainly composed of fuel oil decomposed and generated in the thermal cracking vessel. Device,
An oil-forming apparatus comprising: a raw material kneading unit for kneading the raw material supplied to the pyrolysis kettle; and a residue discharging unit for discharging a residue deposited on a bottom from the pyrolysis kiln. apparatus. The oil liquefaction apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid level adjusting unit for adjusting a liquid level of the raw material melted by the pyrolysis kettle. 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a residue discharge unit configured to discharge a residue discharged from the pyrolysis kettle by the residue discharge unit at a position higher than a liquid level of the raw material in the pyrolysis tank. 4. Oiling equipment. The oil liquefaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heating chamber for heating the pyrolysis furnace is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the pyrolysis furnace. The oil liquefaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a raw material supply unit configured to supply the raw material into the pyrolysis furnace. The oil liquefaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the pyrolysis oven further has a shell layer at an upper portion in the pyrolysis oven. The oiling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the object to be oiled includes at least one selected from the group consisting of plastics, tires, and kitchen waste. The oil converting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the raw material kneading means is a two-shaft ribbon mixer. The oil refining device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the residue discharging means is a mixing and discharging screw conveyor. The oil liquefier according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the liquid level adjusting means is a load cell. The liquefier according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a combustion gas is circulated in the heating chamber. The oil feeder according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the raw material supply unit is a screw conveyor having a consolidation unit.

Images