KR100531501B1 - Oil making apparatus of useless resin - Google Patents
Oil making apparatus of useless resin Download PDFInfo
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- KR100531501B1 KR100531501B1 KR10-2003-0082238A KR20030082238A KR100531501B1 KR 100531501 B1 KR100531501 B1 KR 100531501B1 KR 20030082238 A KR20030082238 A KR 20030082238A KR 100531501 B1 KR100531501 B1 KR 100531501B1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 폐합성수지를 열분해 시킬 때의 유화공정 중 회수되는 고비점 오일을 이용함으로써, 폐합성수지의 팽윤 및 열전달이 개선되고 우수한 열분해 속도와 균일한 조성을 갖는 열분해 생성물을 얻을 수 있으며, 열분해탱크 내부에 히터를 직접 설치하여 폐합성수지를 직접 가열시켜 열손실이 최소화되는 수단, 그리고 폐기되는 슬러지(sludge)를 재처리할 때의 유화공정 중에 회수된 가스를 이용하여 재열분해 시켜 오일(고급 연료유)을 최대한 회수하며 오일 함량이 줄어들고 부피가 감소된 슬러지만 배출되도록 하는 수단이 구비된 폐합성수지 유화장치를 제공함에 있다.According to the present invention, by using the high boiling oil recovered during the emulsification process when thermally decomposing the waste synthetic resin, the swelling and heat transfer of the waste synthetic resin can be improved and a pyrolysis product having excellent thermal decomposition rate and uniform composition can be obtained. By directly installing a heater, the waste synthetic resin can be directly heated to minimize heat loss, and the oil (high-grade fuel oil) can be re-pyrolyzed using the gas recovered during the emulsification process when reprocessing the sludge. The present invention provides a waste synthetic resin emulsifying device equipped with a means for recovering as much as possible, reducing the oil content and reducing the volume of sludge.
본 발명의 기술적 특징은 폐합성수지를 용융시키는 재료투입수단, 용융된 수지를 교반 가열시켜 열분해된 가스를 발생시키는 열분해탱크, 열분해된 가스에서 열분해 생성물을 추출하는 정제탑, 그리고 정제탑에서 회수되는 오일과 가스를 액화 분리시키는 오일가스분리기와 분리된 오일을 저장하는 오일저장탱크를 갖는 폐합성수지 유화장치에 있어서, 열분해탱크 내부에는 폐합성수지를 직접 가열시키는 히터가 방사상으로 다수개 내장되고, 정제탑의 상측 내부에는 오일가스분리기에서 회수되는 오일의 일부를 정제탑으로 환류시켜 열분해탱크에서 열분해된 가스와 기액 향류접촉 되도록 하여 열분해를 가속시키는 노즐이 구비되도록 구성된 폐합성수지 유화장치를 제공하려는 것이다.Technical features of the present invention are a material input means for melting waste synthetic resin, a pyrolysis tank for generating a pyrolyzed gas by stirring and heating the molten resin, a purification tower for extracting pyrolysis products from the pyrolyzed gas, and oil recovered from the purification tower In a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus having an oil gas separator for liquefied separation of gas and gas, and an oil storage tank for storing separated oil, a plurality of heaters for directly heating waste synthetic resin are radially embedded in the pyrolysis tank, The upper side is to provide a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus configured to be equipped with a nozzle to accelerate the thermal decomposition by refluxing a portion of the oil recovered from the oil gas separator to the refinery tower to the gas-liquid countercurrent contact with the pyrolyzed gas in the pyrolysis tank.
Description
본 발명은 폐합성수지 유화장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 폐합성수지를 열분해 시킬 때의 유화공정 중 회수되는 고비점 오일을 이용하여 폐합성수지의 팽윤 및 열전달이 개선되고 우수한 열분해 속도와 균일한 조성을 갖는 열분해 생성물(휘발유, 중유, 디젤유 등의 정제유)을 얻을 수 있는 수단, 열분해탱크 내부에 히터를 직접 설치하여 폐합성수지를 직접 가열하므로 열손실이 최소화되는 수단, 그리고 폐기되는 슬러지(sludge)를 재처리할 때 유화공정 중에 회수된 가스를 이용하여 재열분해 시켜 오일(고급 연료유)을 최대한 회수하고 오일 함량이 줄어들고 부피가 감소된 슬러지만 배출되도록 한 수단을 갖는 폐합성수지 유화장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus, and more particularly, to improve the swelling and heat transfer of the waste synthetic resin by using a high boiling point oil recovered during the emulsification process when the waste synthetic resin is thermally decomposed, and has an excellent thermal decomposition rate and a uniform composition. Means for obtaining pyrolysis products (refined oils such as gasoline, heavy oil, diesel oil), direct heating of waste synthetic resins by installing heaters directly inside the pyrolysis tank, and means for minimizing heat loss and waste sludge. The present invention relates to a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus having a means for recovering oil (high-grade fuel oil) as much as possible by re-pyrolysis using gas recovered during the emulsification process, and reducing the oil content and reducing sludge.
일반적으로 폐합성수지가 발생하면 이를 소각하거나 또는 매립하게 되고 이때, 소각할 경우 먼지, 염화수소(HCl), 유황산화물(SOX), 질소산화물(NOX), 다이옥신 등 대기 오염물질이 배출되는 문제가 있으며, 매립의 경우도 합성수지의 특성상 분해가 어려워 토양이 오염되고 침출수가 발생되며 지하수를 오염시키는 등의 문제가 있었다.In general, when waste synthetic resin is generated, it is incinerated or landfilled, and when incinerated, there is a problem that air pollutants such as dust, hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), and dioxins are emitted. Even in the case of landfill, it is difficult to decompose due to the characteristics of synthetic resin, so that the soil is contaminated, leachate is generated, and there is a problem of contaminating groundwater.
이에 따라 폐합성수지를 소각하거나 매립하지 않고 재활용하는 방안으로서 열분해가 가능한 열가소성 합성수지는 이를 열분해하여 유용한 오일을 얻을 수 있는 유화방법이 알려지고 또한 그 장치의 연구 개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다.Accordingly, thermoplastic synthetic resins capable of pyrolysis as a method of recycling waste synthetic resins without incineration or landfilling are known to emulsify them to obtain useful oils, and research and development of the apparatus are actively progressing.
종래의 열가소성 폐합성수지의 유화공정은 본인의 선특허 10-0265273호에서 특허된바와 같이 폐합성수지를 300℃ 내지 600℃로 가열, 분해시켜 기체상태의 유류성분을 얻는 열분해 공정과, 기체상태의 유류성분을 유종별로 액화, 분리하는 분별증류 공정으로 대별된다. 먼저 수집된 폐합성수지는 열분해가 되지 않는 열경화성합성수지류, 금속류, 목재류 등을 개략적으로 분리해 내고 선별된 열가소성합성수지류를 적정 크기로 절단 또는 파쇄 하는 전처리 공정을 거친다.Conventional emulsification process of thermoplastic waste synthetic resin is pyrolysis process to obtain gaseous oil component by heating and decomposing waste synthetic resin to 300 ℃ ~ 600 ℃ as patented in the prior patent 10-0265273, and gaseous oil. It is roughly classified into a fractional distillation process in which the components are liquefied and separated by oil type. Firstly, the collected waste synthetic resin is subjected to a pretreatment process that roughly separates thermosetting synthetic resins, metals, woods, etc., which are not pyrolyzed, and cuts or shreds the selected thermoplastic synthetic resins to an appropriate size.
전처리 공정을 거친 열가소성 폐합성수지류는 사일로(silo)를 거쳐 공급 및 저장수단인 호퍼(hopper)에 일시 저장된다. 호퍼에 저장된 폐합성수지는 그 하부에 장착되는 익스트루더(extruder)와 같은 재료투입수단에 의해 열분해탱크에 이송 및 투입된다. Thermoplastic waste synthetic resins, which have undergone pretreatment, are temporarily stored in a hopper, which is a supply and storage means via silos. The waste synthetic resin stored in the hopper is transferred to the pyrolysis tank by a material input means such as an extruder mounted at the bottom thereof.
이때, 폐합성수지는 통상 익스트루더에서 200℃ 내지 250℃로 가열되어 거의 용융상태로 열분해탱크에 투입된다.At this time, the waste synthetic resin is usually heated in an extruder to 200 ℃ to 250 ℃ is injected into the pyrolysis tank in a nearly molten state.
합성수지의 열분해 온도는 분해조건, 합성수지의 종류, 규격, 형태, 그리고 함유된 첨가제 등에 따라 다르나 통상, 300 ~ 600℃ 범위이다. 따라서 열분해탱크에 도입되는 폐합성수지는 열분해탱크에서 그 하부에 구비되는 버너와 같은 가열수단에 의해 300℃ 내지 600℃로 가열되어 대부분의 폐합성수지류는 오일 성분으로 분해되어 기화되고, 일부 혼입된 열경화성수지, 금속류, 목재류 또는 합성수지 첨가제 등은 미분해 잔재(sludgy)로 열분해탱크의 바닥에 남아 쌓이게 된다.The thermal decomposition temperature of the synthetic resin varies depending on the decomposition conditions, the type of resin, the specification, the form, and the additives contained therein, but is usually in the range of 300 to 600 ° C. Therefore, the waste synthetic resin introduced into the pyrolysis tank is heated to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. by a heating means such as a burner provided in the lower part of the pyrolysis tank, so that most of the waste synthetic resins are decomposed into oil components and vaporized, and some mixed thermosetting Resin, metals, wood or synthetic resin additives are accumulated in the bottom of the pyrolysis tank as undecomposed sludge.
열분해탱크에서 분해, 생성된 상기 오일(유류 성분)은 가스 상태의 각종 탄화수소 혼합물이며 정제탑에 곧바로 도입되어 비점 차에 의해 유종별로 액화, 분리된다. 액화 분리되는 혼합 오일은 필요할 경우 재분별 증류 공정이나 불순물 제거 또는 탈색이나 탈취 공정과 같은 별도의 후 처리과정을 거친 다음, 저장설비에 이송되어 저장된다.The oil (oil component) decomposed and produced in the pyrolysis tank is various hydrocarbon mixtures in a gaseous state and is introduced directly into a purification tower to be liquefied and separated by oil type by boiling point difference. The mixed oil to be liquefied is subjected to a separate post-treatment process such as re-distillation distillation, impurity removal or decolorization or deodorization, if necessary, and then transferred to a storage facility for storage.
그러나 이러한 종래의 유화장치는 상기 선특허와 함께 타인의 선등록 실용신안 20-0311373호에서와 같이 열분해탱크를 가열시키는 히터가 탱크 외부에 장착되므로 열손실이 발생되고 있으며, 전열을 방해하는 요소(그을음, 녹, 폐합성수지 탄화물)가 탱크 내벽에 생성되어 열전달 효율이 떨어지는 등의 단점이 있었다.However, such a conventional emulsifying device is a heat dissipation is generated because the heater for heating the pyrolysis tank is mounted on the outside of the tank, as in the prior patent registration No. 20-0311373 of others with the prior patent, the element that prevents heat transfer ( Soot, rust, waste synthetic resin) was generated on the inner wall of the tank has a disadvantage of low heat transfer efficiency.
그리고 열분해탱크에서 발생되는 열분해 생성물이 별도의 열원 없이 정제탑에서 정제되므로 열분해 속도가 저하되어 균일한 조성의 생성물을 얻을 수 없었으며, 열분해시 발생되는 슬러지를 재차 처리하지 않고 배출시키므로 슬러지에 포함된 잔류 오일에 의한 부피 증가로 배출량이 늘어나고 특히 잔류오일량이 2 ~ 3%인 일반 폐기물이 아닌 5%이상의 지정 폐기물로 구성되어 지정물 폐기처리에 따른 비용이 증가되는 등의 단점이 있었다.In addition, since pyrolysis products generated in the pyrolysis tank are purified in a purification tower without a separate heat source, the pyrolysis rate is lowered to obtain a product having a uniform composition, and the sludge generated during pyrolysis is discharged without being treated again. Due to the volume increase due to residual oil, the amount of discharge increases, and in particular, it consists of more than 5% of designated wastes instead of general wastes with 2 ~ 3% of residual oils.
본 발명은 종래의 문제점을 감안하여 개발된 것으로서, 본 발명의 목적은 폐합성수지를 열분해 시킬 때 유화공정 중 회수되는 고비점 오일을 이용함으로써, 폐합성수지의 팽윤 및 열전달이 개선되고 우수한 열분해 속도와 균일한 조성을 갖는 열분해 생성물(휘발유, 중유, 디젤유 등의 정제유)을 얻을 수 있는 폐합성수지 유화장치를 제공함에 있다.The present invention was developed in view of the conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve the swelling and heat transfer of the waste synthetic resin by using a high boiling oil recovered during the emulsification process when thermally decomposing the waste synthetic resin, and excellent thermal decomposition rate and uniformity. Disclosed is a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus capable of obtaining pyrolysis products (refined oils such as gasoline, heavy oil, diesel oil, etc.) having a composition.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 열분해탱크 내부에 히터를 직접 설치하여 폐합성수지를 직접 가열하므로 열손실이 최소화되는 수단, 그리고 폐기되는 슬러지(sludge)를 재처리할 때 유화공정에서 회수된 가스를 이용하여 재열분해시켜 오일(고급 연료유)을 최대한 회수하도록 함과, 오일 함량이 줄어들고 부피가 감소된 슬러지만 배출되도록 하는 수단에 의해 폐기물 처리비용이 감소되는 폐합성수지 유화장치를 제공함에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to directly install a heater inside the pyrolysis tank to directly heat the waste synthetic resin, thereby minimizing heat loss, and reprocessing the waste sludge by using the gas recovered in the emulsification process. The present invention provides a waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus that is capable of recovering oil (high-grade fuel oil) as much as possible by pyrolysis and reducing waste disposal costs by means of reducing oil content and reducing sludge but reducing volume.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 폐합성수지를 용융시키는 재료투입수단, 용융된 수지를 교반 가열시켜 열분해된 가스를 발생시키는 열분해탱크, 열분해된 가스에서 열분해 생성물을 추출하는 정제탑 그리고 정제탑에서 회수되는 오일과 가스를 액화 분리시키는 오일가스분리기와 분리된 오일을 저장하는 오일저장탱크를 갖는 폐합성수지 유화장치에 있어서, 열분해탱크 내부에는 폐합성수지를 직접 가열시키는 히터가 방사상으로 다수개 내장되고, 정제탑의 상측 내부에는 오일가스분리기에서 회수되는 오일의 일부를 정제탑으로 환류 시켜 열분해탱크에서 열분해된 가스와 기액 향류접촉 되도록 하여 열분해를 가속시키는 노즐이 구비되도록 구성되어 있다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a material input means for melting waste synthetic resin, a pyrolysis tank for generating a pyrolyzed gas by stirring and heating the molten resin, a purification tower for extracting pyrolysis products from the pyrolyzed gas, and recovery in a purification tower. In the waste synthetic resin emulsifying apparatus having an oil gas separator for liquefied separation of the oil and gas to be separated and the oil storage tank for storing the separated oil, a plurality of heaters for directly heating the waste synthetic resin in the pyrolysis tank is radially embedded, purification The upper side of the tower is configured to be provided with a nozzle to accelerate the pyrolysis by refluxing a part of the oil recovered from the oil gas separator to the refinery tower to the gas-liquid countercurrent contact with the pyrolyzed gas in the pyrolysis tank.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부 도면에 따라 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명 폐합성수지 유화공정의 전체 개략도로써, 이를 공정별로 설명하면 다음과 같다.1 is an overall schematic diagram of the waste synthetic resin emulsifying process of the present invention, which will be described as follows.
폐합성수지 중에 섞여 있는 모래, 돌, 금속 등의 이물질을 제거한 후 파쇄기에서 일정 크기 이하가 되도록 파쇄하고 파쇄된 폐합성수지는 밀봉된 원료투입기(10a)에서 저장한다. 그리고 처리능력에 따라 일정량씩의 폐합성수지를 재료투입수단(10)으로 공급한다.After removing foreign substances such as sand, stone, and metal mixed in the waste synthetic resin, the crushed waste synthetic resin is crushed to a predetermined size or less in a crusher, and the crushed waste synthetic resin is stored in a sealed raw material input machine (10a). Then, the waste synthetic resin is supplied to the material input means 10 by a predetermined amount depending on the processing capacity.
재료투입수단(10)으로 폐합성수지가 공급되면, 여기서 폐합성수지는 선택적으로 세팅된 온도(300℃)로 가열, 용융되고, 용융된 폐합성수지는 열분해탱크(20)로 이송되어 교반 혼합되고 오일 혼합물과 가스로 분해된다.When the waste synthetic resin is supplied to the material input means 10, the waste synthetic resin is heated and melted to a selectively set temperature (300 ° C.), and the melted waste synthetic resin is transferred to the pyrolysis tank 20, stirred and mixed, and the oil mixture. Decomposes into gas.
열분해탱크(20)에서 다음 공정으로 진행되지 않고 남게 되는 잔류물(침전물 또는 찌꺼기)은 재처리수단(70)으로 넘어가 가열 분해되고 여기서 재열분해 되어 저비점 기체가 회수된다. 회수된 저비점 기체는 다음 공정의 정제탑(28)에서 고급 오일로 생산되며 나머지는 폐기물 슬러지로 배출된다. Residues (precipitates or debris) remaining in the pyrolysis tank 20 without proceeding to the next process are passed to the reprocessing means 70 and thermally decomposed where the low boiling point gas is recovered. The recovered low boiling gas is produced as a high quality oil in the refinery tower 28 of the following process and the rest is discharged to waste sludge.
열분해탱크(20)에서 분해된 가스와 오일 혼합물은 정제탑(28)을 거치면서 열분해 생성물(휘발유, 중유, 디젤유 등의 정제유)로 되어 회수되고 나머지는 일종의 응축기인 냉각수단(30)을 거쳐 저온으로 냉각된 후, 오일가스분리기(40)로 이송된다. 이송된 가스와 오일 혼합물은 분리기(40) 내부에서 액체상태의 오일은 하부에 가라앉고 가스는 상부에 모이게 된다. 분리기(40) 하부의 액상 오일은 펌핑에 의하여 오일저장탱크(50)로 이송된다. 그리고 분해된 가스는 분리기(40)의 상부에서 유출되어 저압의 가스탱크(41)를 거쳐 압축기(41a)에서 압축되고 냉각수단(30)을 거쳐 연료가스탱크(42)로 모인다.The gas and oil mixture decomposed in the pyrolysis tank 20 is recovered as a pyrolysis product (refined oil such as gasoline, heavy oil, diesel oil) while passing through the refining tower 28, and the rest is passed through a cooling means 30, which is a kind of condenser. After cooling to low temperature, it is transferred to the oil gas separator 40. The conveyed gas and oil mixture is inside the separator 40, the liquid oil sinks to the bottom and the gas is collected at the top. The liquid oil under the separator 40 is transferred to the oil storage tank 50 by pumping. The decomposed gas flows out of the upper part of the separator 40, is compressed by the compressor 41a via the low pressure gas tank 41, and is collected into the fuel gas tank 42 via the cooling means 30.
본 발명은 오일가스분리기(40)에서 회수되는 오일의 일부가 정제탑(28)으로 재차 공급되어 열분해를 촉진시키므로 폐합성수지의 팽윤 및 열전달이 개선되고 우수한 열분해 속도와 균일한 조성물을 얻을 수 있다.In the present invention, since a part of the oil recovered from the oil gas separator 40 is supplied back to the purification tower 28 to promote pyrolysis, swelling and heat transfer of the waste synthetic resin are improved, and an excellent pyrolysis rate and a uniform composition can be obtained.
연료가스탱크(42)로 모인 가스의 일부는 재처리수단(70)으로 공급되어 폐기되는 슬러지를 재차 가열시키는 열원으로 사용된다. 여기서 슬러지는 380℃ 이상의 고비점(高沸點) 성분이며 연료가스탱크(42)의 가스에 의해 가열되어 재 열분해 되고 분해된 저비점(低沸點) 기체는 정제탑(28)으로 회수되며 일부는 냉각기(30a)를 거쳐 응축 액화되고 오일저장탱크(80)로 회수되어 공정 트러블에 대비할 수 있게 된다.A part of the gas collected into the fuel gas tank 42 is used as a heat source for supplying the reprocessing means 70 again to the waste sludge. Here, the sludge is a high boiling point component of 380 ° C. or higher, and is heated by the gas of the fuel gas tank 42 to be thermally decomposed and decomposed, and the low boiling point gas is recovered to the purification tower 28 and a part of the cooler ( Through the condensation and liquefaction through 30a) is recovered to the oil storage tank 80 can be prepared for the process trouble.
본 발명은 재처리수단(70)에서 슬러지를 재차 가열 열분해 시키므로 오일 회수율이 증가되며, 슬러지에 포함되는 오일 함량이 줄어들게 되므로 슬러지를 일반 폐기물로 처리할 수 있어서 처리비용이 절감되는 2중의 효과가 있다. 그리고 슬러지의 가열원으로 연료가스탱크(42)의 회수 가스를 이용하므로 에너지 비용을 절감할 수 있다. In the present invention, the oil recovery rate is increased because the sludge is heated and pyrolyzed again in the reprocessing means 70, and since the oil content included in the sludge is reduced, the sludge can be treated as general waste, thereby reducing the treatment cost. . And since the recovery gas of the fuel gas tank 42 is used as a heating source of the sludge, energy costs can be reduced.
실험에 의하면 종래에는 폐합성수지 1kg에서 오일 500 ~ 600g, 가스 140g 및 슬러지 260 ~ 360g이 생성되었으나, 슬러지 재처리수단(70)을 이용할 경우 오일 함량이 5% 미만인 슬러지가 50 ~ 100g만 생성되므로 슬러지 배출량이 감소되고 오일 생산성이 향상되었다. 미설명부호 60은 유수분리기를 나타낸다.According to the experiment, conventionally, 500 to 600 g of oil, 140 g of gas, and 260 to 360 g of sludge were produced from 1 kg of waste synthetic resin, but when using sludge reprocessing means 70, only 50 to 100 g of sludge having an oil content of less than 5% is produced. Emissions have been reduced and oil productivity improved. Reference numeral 60 denotes an oil / water separator.
도 2는 본 발명 유화장치의 재료투입수단의 단면도이다. 재료투입수단(10)은 입구(11)와 출구(13)를 갖는 원통형 몸체를 가지며 내부에는 2축 스크류(12)가 내장된다. 그리고 몸체의 외주면에는 히터(14)가 단계별로 부착되어 있어서 폐합성수지를 300 까지 가열시켜 용융상태로 만들어 준다. 그리고 온도조절기(15)에 의해 이들 히터의 온도가 자동 제어되도록 구성된다.2 is a cross-sectional view of the material input means of the emulsifying device of the present invention. The material input means 10 has a cylindrical body having an inlet 11 and an outlet 13 and a biaxial screw 12 is embedded therein. And the outer circumferential surface of the body is attached to the heater 14 step by step to heat the waste synthetic resin to 300 to make a molten state. The temperature controller 15 is configured to automatically control the temperatures of these heaters.
도 3은 본 발명 유화장치의 열분해탱크를 나타낸 단면도로써, 원통형의 탱크(20) 상부에 모터로 구동되는 감속기(21)가 구비되며 그 하부에 탱크(20)로 내장되는 축(22)이 장착된다. 그리고 축(22)에 의해 회전되는 상부교반날개(23)와 하부교반날개(24)가 구비되며 탱크(20) 내부에는 다수개의 히터(25)가 방사상으로 구비된다. 이들 히터(25)는 교반날개(23)(24)의 외주연으로 배치되어 있으며 폐합성수지를 380℃ 까지 가열 용융시킨다. 탱크(20) 외주면에는 다수개의 온도감지기(27)가 구비되며 이들 감지기에 의해 히터(25)의 온도가 일정하게 유지된다.Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a pyrolysis tank of the emulsifying device of the present invention, the cylindrical tank 20 is provided with a reducer 21 driven by a motor on the upper portion of the cylindrical tank 20 is mounted therein the shaft 22 is built into the tank 20 do. The upper stirring blade 23 and the lower stirring blade 24 rotated by the shaft 22 are provided, and a plurality of heaters 25 are radially provided inside the tank 20. These heaters 25 are arranged at the outer periphery of the stirring blades 23 and 24, and the waste synthetic resin is heated and melted to 380 ° C. A plurality of temperature sensors 27 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the tank 20, and the temperature of the heater 25 is kept constant by these sensors.
히터(25)는 전열을 방해하는 요소(그을음, 녹, 폐합성수지 탄화물)와 관계없이 탱크에 내장되어 폐합성수지와 직접 접촉되므로 열손실이 최소화되고 폐합성수지의 용융성이 향상되는 효과가 있다.The heater 25 is embedded in the tank and directly in contact with the waste synthetic resin irrespective of an element (soot, rust, waste synthetic resin carbide) that prevents heat transfer, thereby minimizing heat loss and improving meltability of the waste synthetic resin.
도 4는 본 발명 유화장치의 정제탑을 나타낸 단면도로써, 정제탑(28)은 열분해탱크(20)로부터 분해, 증발되어 상승하는 각종 유류 가스와 혼합유를 기액 향류접촉을 통해 고비점 기체를 액화시켜 재 열분해 하는 설비이다.4 is a cross-sectional view showing a purification tower of the emulsifying device of the present invention, in which the purification tower 28 liquefies a high boiling point gas through a gas-liquid countercurrent contact with various oil gases and mixed oils which are decomposed and evaporated from the pyrolysis tank 20. To re-pyrolyze
정제탑(28)의 하부에는 분해가스에 혼입 될 수 있는 고체입자의 분리를 위한 원통형의 파티클콜렉터(particle collector)(28a)가 구비되고, 정제탑(28)의 상부에는 포올링(Paulring)층(28b)이 구비된다. 포올링층(28b)은 박판의 원통형 링(ring)을 정제탑의 크기에 따라 수백 내지 수천개를 쌓아 형성한 층으로서 파티클콜렉터(28a)를 통과한 고체상 입자를 흡착 분리시킨다. 그리고 정제탑(28)의 외주면에 다단계의 맨홀(28d)(28e)(28f)이 형성되어 있다.The lower part of the purification tower 28 is provided with a cylindrical particle collector (28a) for the separation of solid particles that may be incorporated into the cracking gas, the top of the purification tower 28 (polling layer) 28b is provided. The poling layer 28b is a layer formed by stacking hundreds or thousands of thin cylindrical rings according to the size of a tablet tower to adsorb and separate the solid particles passing through the particle collector 28a. The multi-step manholes 28d, 28e, and 28f are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the purification tower 28.
정제탑(28)의 상단에는 오일가스분리기(40)에서 회수되는 오일의 일부를 분사하기 위한 노즐(28c)이 구비된다. 이 노즐에서 분사되는 오일이 상승되는 열분해 가스와 혼합되면서 기액 향류접촉을 일으키고 이 과정에서 열분해가 가속된다. 특히 열분해된 가스중의 저비점 성분만을 통과시키므로 고급 유를 얻을 수 있도록 구성된 것이다.The upper end of the purification tower 28 is provided with a nozzle (28c) for injecting a portion of the oil recovered from the oil gas separator (40). The oil sprayed from this nozzle mixes with the rising pyrolysis gas, causing gas-liquid countercurrent contact, and in this process, pyrolysis is accelerated. In particular, it passes only the low boiling point component of the pyrolyzed gas, so it is configured to obtain high quality oil.
이상에서와 같이 본 발명에 따르면 열분해탱크에서 열분해된 가스가 정제탑을 통과할 때 오일(혼합유)을 정제탑으로 환류시켜 이들이 기액 향류접촉 되도록 해주면 저비점 성분(고급 연료유)만 통과되므로 균일한 조성을 갖는 열분해 생성물을 얻을 수 있으며, 폐합성수지의 팽윤 및 열전달을 개선시킬 수 있어 우수한 열분해 속도를 얻을 수 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, when the gas pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis tank passes through the refining tower, the oil (mixed oil) is refluxed to the refining tower so that they are in contact with the gas-liquid countercurrent, so that only low boiling point components (high-grade fuel oil) are passed. A pyrolysis product having a composition can be obtained, and swelling and heat transfer of the waste synthetic resin can be improved, so that an excellent pyrolysis rate can be obtained.
그리고 열분해탱크의 내부에 히터가 내장되므로 전열을 방해하는 그을음, 녹, 폐합성수지 탄화물의 영향을 받지 않으며, 직접 폐합성수지를 용융시키므로 전열성이 우수하고 열손실을 최소화시킬 수 있다.And since the heater is built in the pyrolysis tank, it is not affected by the soot, rust, and waste synthetic resin carbide which hinders the heat transfer, and because it directly melts the waste synthetic resin, it is excellent in heat transfer and minimizes heat loss.
외부가열방식 공정에서는 정제된 폐합성수지 1kg에서 오일 500 ~ 600g, 가스 140g 및 슬러지 260 ~ 360g이 생성되었으나, 내부가열방식을 택하므로 현재까지 공정의 전열을 방해하는 코킹(coking)현상을 없애 열효율을 증가시키고 연속운전이 가능하게 되었으며, 슬러지 재처리방식을 택하므로 오일 함량이 5% 미만인 슬러지가 50 ~ 100g만 생성되므로 슬러지 배출량이 감소되는 효과가 있다. 그리고 연료유의 동점도가 0.856cst, 비중이 0.778인 고급 유를 생산하는 환경 친화적이고 열효율적인 유화장치인 것이다.In the external heating process, 500 to 600 g of oil, 140 g of gas, and 260 to 360 g of sludge were produced from 1 kg of purified waste synthetic resin.However, the internal heating method is used to eliminate the coking phenomenon that hinders the heating of the process. Increased and continuous operation is possible, and since the sludge reprocessing method is selected, only 50 to 100 g of sludge having an oil content of less than 5% is generated, thereby reducing sludge emissions. It is an environmentally friendly and thermally efficient emulsifier that produces high quality oils with a kinematic viscosity of 0.856 cst and a specific gravity of 0.778.
도 1은 본 발명 폐합성수지 유화공정의 전체 개략도1 is a schematic view of the waste synthetic resin emulsification process of the present invention
도 2는 본 발명 유화장치의 재료투입수단의 단면도Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the material input means of the emulsifying device of the present invention
도 3은 본 발명 유화장치의 열분해탱크를 나타낸 단면도Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a pyrolysis tank of the present invention emulsifier
도 4는 본 발명 유화장치의 정제탑을 나타낸 단면도Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a tablet tower of the present invention emulsifier
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호설명 ** Explanation of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings *
10 : 재료투입수단 20 : 열분해탱크10 material input means 20 pyrolysis tank
28 : 정제탑 28c : 노즐28: purification column 28c: nozzle
30 : 냉각수단 40 : 오일가스분리기30: cooling means 40: oil gas separator
50 : 오일저장탱크 70 : 재처리수단50: oil storage tank 70: reprocessing means
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100955425B1 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2010-05-04 | 김형태 | System for extracting fuel oil from organic waste by pyrolysis |
| KR102396342B1 (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-05-11 | (주)리보테크 | Oil circulation-treatment method and oil circulation-treatment apparatus for pyrolysis equipment, and pyrolysis treatment equipment comprising the same |
| KR20230087648A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2023-06-19 | (주)리보테크 | Pyrolysis circulation method and pyrolysis circulation apparatus for pyrolysis treatment equipment of waste synthetic resin |
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| KR101298472B1 (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2013-08-21 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | A pyrolysis process and its operation method producing fuel oil from plastic materials |
| KR102501453B1 (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-02-21 | 주식회사 정도하이텍 | Refinery tower for manufacturing refined oil using waste resin |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100955425B1 (en) | 2010-01-05 | 2010-05-04 | 김형태 | System for extracting fuel oil from organic waste by pyrolysis |
| KR102396342B1 (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2022-05-11 | (주)리보테크 | Oil circulation-treatment method and oil circulation-treatment apparatus for pyrolysis equipment, and pyrolysis treatment equipment comprising the same |
| KR20230087648A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2023-06-19 | (주)리보테크 | Pyrolysis circulation method and pyrolysis circulation apparatus for pyrolysis treatment equipment of waste synthetic resin |
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