JP2003154257A - Composite type moisture absorbing and discharging- adsorbing material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a material capable of adsorbing and removing moisture which causes corrosion of fundamental members of timbered and concrete houses, breeding of harmful insects and emission of an offensive odor due to mold and bacteria and chemical substances which are harmful to the human body and cause a sick house syndrome. SOLUTION: The composite type moisture absorbing and discharging- adsorbing material comprises sepiolite and a material having a moisture absorbing and discharging property and/or a gas adsorbing property, the amount of moisture absorbed in the composite type moisture absorbing and discharging- adsorbing material after the lapse of 24 hr is >=3 wt.%, the amount of moisture discharged from the material after the lapse of 24 hr is >=3 wt.%, and the weight blending ratio between sepiolite and the material having a moisture absorbing and discharging property and/or a gas adsorbing property is 95:5 to 50:50.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to various adverse effects due to moisture and dew condensation, which are various problems in wooden and concrete houses, such as corrosion of house foundation members, generation of pests, generation of mold and bacteria, and the like. The present invention relates to a composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material for preventing the generation of a foul odor due to odor, the effect on the human body, or the harm caused by a harmful substance such as a causative substance of sick house disease.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Moisture retention and dew condensation are particularly likely to occur in general wooden and concrete houses where air permeability is poor, or where there is a large temperature difference between the interior and wall surfaces or under the floor. If left unattended, it is a factor that adversely affects the life of the house and the living environment, such as corrosion of the basic members of the house, generation of harmful insects, and generation of odor caused by mold and bacteria. Further, recently, volatilization of a chemical substance causing sick house disease, which is harmful to the human body, has become a problem, and various countermeasures are taken today as countermeasures against these problems. For example, use of disposable type dehumidifiers, dehumidifiers, air conditioners, and functional building materials. However, many of these are disposable, having only the function of dehumidification, and the device itself is expensive,
In addition, it has various problems such as high running cost and has not been widely spread.

Under the floor, there are known methods such as installing a fan for promoting ventilation and spraying a humidity control material typified by charcoal. Although these methods are effective in removing excess moisture under the floor, they do not have a deodorizing function, and thus the above-mentioned various problems are not sufficiently addressed.

On the other hand, with regard to sick house disease, safe product development without using harmful chemical substances is underway, but all of them are expensive and have not been widely spread in general.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to the corrosion of house foundation members caused by the accumulation of moisture and dew condensation in wooden and concrete houses, the generation of pests, the generation of odors caused by mold and bacteria, and the effects on the human body. Another object of the present invention is to solve a factor that adversely affects the lifespan of a house and the living environment, such as a chemical substance causing sick house disease that is harmful to the human body.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies for solving the above problems, the present inventors have found that sepiolite, which is known as a moisture absorbing / releasing material, has another moisture absorbing / releasing property and / or gas adsorbing property. It is possible to solve the above-mentioned various problems by combining the materials (hereinafter referred to as "moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbent") with each other, and by further specifying a specific composition mode. Heading, it came to complete this invention.

That is, the present invention is a composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material represented by the following (1) to (3). (1) A composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material comprising sepiolite and a moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material, wherein the moisture absorbing amount of the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material after 3 hours is 3 wt.% Or more, and Moisture release amount after 24 hours is 3 wt.% Or more, and the weight mixing ratio of sepiolite and moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is 95: 5 to 50:50. -Adsorption material. (2) The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is molded to a size of 1 mm or more, and the composite form of sepiolite and the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is a homogeneous mixture or a multilayer structure. A composite type moisture absorption / desorption / adsorption material. (3) The composite moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material as described in (1) or (2), characterized in that the composite moisture absorbing / releasing / absorbing material is packaged in a gas permeable sheet and / or a water barrier sheet. Packaging.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The composite type moisture absorptive and desorptive / adsorbent material according to the present invention is used to corrode a base member of a house due to moisture retention or dew condensation occurring in wooden and concrete houses, generation of pests, mold and bacteria. In order to eliminate these factors that adversely affect the lifespan of the house and the living environment, such as the generation of foul odors or chemical substances that cause harmful effects on the human body, such as chemical substances that cause harmful effects on the human body, they are closed in the house, under the floor, chest of drawers, shoe boxes, and flooring materials. , Under a tatami mat, under an interior wall, or under the ceiling.

As the sepiolite used in the present invention, naturally occurring ones can be used as they are, but these often contain dolomite as an impurity. Impurities such as dolomite are not preferable because they cause a decrease in moisture absorption / release performance (humidity control performance) of sepiolite. However, if the content of impurities is 50% or less, it can be used without any particular problem. More preferably, the content of impurities is 20
% Or less, and in this case, high moisture absorbing / releasing performance can be exhibited. On the other hand, when the content of impurities is 70% or more, the moisture absorbing / releasing performance tends to decrease due to the dilution effect of the impurities, which is not preferable. The moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but generally commercially available diatomaceous earth, zeolite, kaolinite, activated carbon, charcoal, or silica gel is suitable. Further, paper ash sludge incineration ash also has a moisture absorption / desorption performance and a gas adsorption performance (deodorization performance), and can be used for the purposes of the present invention. This papermaking sludge incineration ash is generally an incineration ash that is produced when the papermaking sludge remaining in the dissolution tank in the dissolving tank is dried and incinerated when the used paper is melted and recycled. You may use together 1 type, or 2 or more types of the said moisture absorption / desorption and adsorption material. The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material of the present invention made of the above-mentioned material has a moisture absorption amount after 24 hours have passed.
Must be 3 wt.% Or more, and the amount of moisture released after 24 hours must be 3 wt.% Or more. This is an essential condition required for ensuring the moisture absorption and desorption properties of this material. Where 24
The amount of moisture absorption after the lapse of time is 23
After being left in the constant temperature and humidity chamber at ℃ and 53RH% until a constant weight is reached, it is transferred to the constant temperature and humidity chamber at 23 ° C and 75RH% and the moisture absorption amount after 24 hours has passed. The amount of moisture released is the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material that has absorbed moisture again at 23 ° C.
This is the amount of moisture released after 24 hours after returning to a constant temperature and humidity chamber of 53RH%.

In the composite moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material of the present invention, the weight ratio of sepiolite and the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is 95: 5 to 50:50 for sepiolite: moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material.
Is preferred. Here, the lower limit of the weight mixing ratio of sepiolite is set to 50 in order to ensure the moisture absorbing / releasing performance of sepiolite, and below this, the moisture absorbing / releasing performance of the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing material as a whole. Is reduced, which is not preferable. On the other hand, moisture absorption and desorption combined with sepiolite
If the lower limit of the blending ratio by weight of the adsorbent is less than 5, moisture absorption / desorption performance and gas adsorption performance will not be sufficiently exhibited, which is not preferable. The particle size of sepiolite used in the present material is preferably 2 mm or less in order to suppress variations in moisture absorption / release performance of sepiolite. As an additional effect of adjusting to such a particle size, since the sepiolite raw material is a clay mineral, it can be clayified relatively easily by adding water, resulting in excellent moldability. If it exceeds 2 mm, it becomes difficult to quickly soak the particles up to the center thereof, which may hinder workability during molding. On the other hand, the particle size of the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is preferably 1 mm or less in order to ensure its performance. If the particle size of the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is 1 mm or less, it can be handled without impairing the moldability because it retains its shape even if water is added. Since the particle size is such that the pore size can be maintained as it is, the gas adsorption performance can be secured.

The sepiolite and the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material in the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material of the present invention may be used as they are in a mixed form (simply mixed form), or they may be mixed with each other in some form. It may be molded into. Here, when molding, considering the handleability of the molded product, 1
It is preferable to mold to a size of at least mm, more preferably 1 to 100 mm. Further, the form of mixing sepiolite and the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material in the case of this molded product is a homogeneous mixture or a multilayer structure. A schematic diagram of both is shown in FIG.

Here, in the case of a homogeneous mixed structure, since sepiolite which is a clay works as a high-quality binder, a molding having a required strength even if a large amount of moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is added as an additive material. Since the body is obtained and sepiolite becomes porous after dehydration, it has an advantage that even the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material present inside the molded body can sufficiently exhibit its performance. On the other hand, in the case of the multi-layer structure, since the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material can be effectively arranged in the surface layer portion, there is an advantage that a desired effect can be exhibited with a small amount. The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material obtained by the above method is used as it is or after being calcined under predetermined conditions. Here, the calcination is performed to remove water contained in the material, and the calcination temperature is preferably suppressed to 500 ° C. or lower in order to avoid deterioration of the constituent materials.

The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material according to the present invention may be used as it is, but if replacement work occurs during use, or if it is desired to improve the ease of construction,
It may be used in a state of being packaged with a gas permeable sheet and / or a water permeable sheet, for example, a water permeable sheet may be packaged on the surface in contact with the floor and a gas permeable sheet may be packaged on the surface in contact with the atmosphere. In addition, the packaging referred to in the present application includes a coating. Examples of the gas permeable sheet include a fiber sheet such as a nonwoven fabric made of synthetic fiber such as pulp or polyester, and examples of the water blocking sheet include a sheet made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride or the like.

[0014]

[Example] Production of test sample Turkish sepiolite previously sieved to 2 mm or less and charcoal, silica gel or papermaking sludge ash sieved to 1 mm or less as a moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material were weighed in predetermined amounts shown in Table 1. It was taken and mixed using a Henschel mixer for 1 minute. 50 wt.% Of water was added to this mixture in an outer ratio, and the mixture was kneaded again in a Henschel mixer, discharged, molded into the dimensions shown in Table 1 by an extruder, and then calcined and dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours. A test sample (homogeneous mixture) was produced. 50 wt.% Of water is added to the sepiolite described previously.
%, Kneaded with a Henschel mixer, discharged, and molded into the dimensions shown in Table 1 by an extruder. Next, this sepiolite molded product and the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material are put into a drum granulator, and after adsorbing the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material to the surface layer of the sepiolite molded product, it is calcined and dried at 105 ° C for 24 hours. Then, a test sample (multilayer structure product) was manufactured.

Moisture Absorption / Desorption Test and Gas Adsorption Test For the above test samples, a moisture absorption / desorption test (in accordance with the moisture absorption / desorption test carried out at the Building Materials Testing Center) and an odor gas adsorption test according to the in-house standard are conducted. Carried out. In the moisture absorption / desorption test, 100 g of the test sample was weighed and sealed in a predetermined bag or left as it was in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 23 ° C. and 53 RH% until it reached a constant weight. Next, the bag containing the test sample was transferred to a thermo-hygrostat at 23 ° C and 75RH% and allowed to stand for 24 hours. After measuring the weight increase due to the adsorption of moisture (moisture absorption amount), the temperature was changed to 23 ° C again. The amount of moisture released was measured 24 hours after returning to a constant temperature and humidity chamber of 53 RH%. In the gas adsorption test, 100 g of the test sample is weighed and sealed in a predetermined bag or, as it is, charged into a tedra bag and filled with 5 liters of odorous gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and formaldehyde standard gas. Then, the ammonia concentration is 24ppm,
Hydrogen sulfide concentration 1ppm, formaldehyde concentration 78ppm,
After 24 hours, the concentration of the remaining gas was measured with a gas detector tube. Table 2 shows the above measurement results.

[0016]

[Table 1]

[0017]

[Table 2]

As can be seen from Table 2, all of the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing materials (Nos. 1 to 14) of the present invention have a moisture absorbing amount and moisture releasing amount of 3 wt.% Or more after 24 hours, Further, the residual gas concentration is 0 ppm, which is excellent in moisture absorption / desorption performance (humidity control performance) and gas adsorption performance (deodorization performance). On the other hand, compared with the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material of the present invention, sepiolite (No. 1
5) or silica gel (No.17) alone has poor gas adsorption performance, and charcoal (No.16) or paper sludge ash (No.18) alone has poor moisture absorption / release performance. In addition, No. 19 containing less than 5 wt.% Of the moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material has poor gas adsorption performance, and No. 20 containing less than 50 wt.% Of Sepiolite has poor moisture absorbing / desorbing performance. .

[0019]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material of the present invention has excellent humidity control performance and deodorizing function, can maintain these performances for a long time, prolong the life of the house and improve the living environment. Is possible. Further, the composite moisture absorptive and desorptive / adsorbing material of the present invention has a form that can be easily recovered, and can be reused only by heat treatment after recovery, so that it can be recycled at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of homogeneous mixing and multilayer structure.

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4C080 AA05 BB02 BB07 BB08 CC01                       HH01 JJ01 KK08 LL02 MM01                       MM06 QQ03                 4D052 AA09 CA02 CA06 DA01 DB01                       GA04 GB00 GB12 GB13 HA00                 4G066 AA04B AA22B AA63B AA78B                       BA05 BA21 BA36 CA24 CA29                       CA43 CA52 DA03 FA02 FA03                       FA21 FA27 FA37

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material comprising sepiolite and a material having moisture absorbing / releasing and / or gas adsorbing properties, wherein the composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material absorbs moisture after a lapse of 24 hours. The amount is 3 wt.% Or more, and the amount of moisture released after 24 hours is 3 wt.
% Or more, and the weight mixing ratio of sepiolite and the material having moisture absorbing / releasing property and / or gas adsorbing property is 95: 5 to 50:50.
It is a composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material. 2. The composite moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material is molded to a size of 1 mm or more, and the composite form of the sepiolite and the material having moisture absorbing / releasing and / or gas adsorbing properties is a homogeneous mixture or a multi-layer structure. The composite type moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material according to claim 1. 3. A composite moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material, characterized in that the composite moisture absorbing / releasing / adsorbing material according to claim 1 or 2 is packaged in a gas permeable sheet and / or a water barrier sheet. Material packaging.