JP2003145116A - Device for treating high water content waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance economy at a treatment of a high water content waste. SOLUTION: The treating device is provided with an internal combustion engine 5 for driving a generator; a drying machine 7 for drying the high water content waste 3 by a combustion gas discharged from the internal combustion engine 5; and a carbonizing furnace 9 for heating a dried substance discharged from the drying machine 7 to produce a produced gas and a char. The produced gas discharged from the carbonizing furnace 9 is used as a fuel of the internal combustion engine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment device, and more particularly to a technique suitable for treating high water content waste such as livestock excrement and food waste. Here, in the present specification, the high water content waste refers to a water content rate of 65% or more.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, high water content wastes such as livestock excrement and food residues have been inconvenient to handle and have been difficult to process. For example, livestock wastes such as livestock excrement were sometimes left untreated due to dumping in the ocean or open field.
Although composting has been implemented as an effective measure, domestic compost is a surplus, and it is inevitable to take other treatment measures.

Therefore, in recent years, high-moisture-content waste such as livestock waste is dried to remove a large amount of water in the waste to facilitate the subsequent treatment, or to be carbonized after further drying. Attention is being paid to the effective use of the product.

[0004]

However, since livestock wastes have a high water content, the energy consumption associated with drying and carbonization is large, and the cost is high. Therefore, it is desired to improve the economical efficiency.

An object of the present invention is to improve the economical efficiency of treating highly water-containing waste.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a high water content waste treatment device of the present invention is a high water content waste treatment apparatus using an internal combustion engine for driving a generator and combustion gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. A dryer for drying the product, and a carbonization furnace for heating the dried product discharged from the dryer to generate a product gas and char, and using the product gas discharged from the carbonization furnace as fuel for the internal combustion engine It is characterized by using.

That is, the drying of the high-moisture content waste involves a large amount of fuel consumption, but since it was decided to dry it with the combustion gas of the internal combustion engine that drives the generator, a dedicated fuel for drying and a device for burning the same are used. No need separately. Further, since the produced gas discharged from the carbonization furnace is used as the fuel for the internal combustion engine, the fuel gas of the internal combustion engine supplied from the outside can be reduced or eliminated, thus improving the economical efficiency of the high water content waste treatment. it can.

Further, since the generated gas generated in the carbonization furnace or the exhaust gas of the hot stove for burning the char is used as the heat source of the carbonization furnace, the cost required for carbonization can be reduced and the economical efficiency can be improved.

A gas turbine or a gas engine can be applied as the internal combustion engine. According to this, the generated gas in the carbonization furnace can be used as a fuel, and the combustion gas can be used for drying the high water content waste.

Further, it is preferable to dry the high water content waste with the combustion gas of the gas turbine driving the generator and use the produced gas of the carbonization furnace for the combustion of the gas engine driving the generator. Gas turbines use a large amount of combustion gas at high temperature for drying waste, and the gas produced in the carbonization furnace is used for combustion in a gas engine with higher power generation efficiency. Economical efficiency is improved.

The present invention can also be applied to highly water-containing waste having a water content of 65% or more. When the water content is 70% or less, the turbine or the like can be driven only by the generated gas, depending on the type of waste. Further, with respect to high water content waste having a water content of 85% or more, it is necessary to supply fuel such as city gas at the time of power generation by a turbine or the like. However, in this case as well, since the generated gas is used, the use of city gas or the like can be reduced, so that the economy is improved.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a high water content waste treatment apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of a high water content waste treatment device to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of another embodiment of the high water content waste treatment device to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for treating high water content waste of the present embodiment uses a combustion gas of a gas turbine power generator 5 to convert a high water content waste 3 sent from a hopper 1 into a dry matter and an evaporated gas. It has a dryer 7 for separating into. The dried material separated by the dryer 7 is transferred by the transfer device 11 of the carbonization furnace 9 and converted into the produced gas and the char by using the hot air stove 13 provided in the carbonization furnace 9 as a heat source. The produced gas generated in the carbonization furnace 9 is dedusted by the cyclone 15 and washed by the gas washing tower 17. The cleaned product gas is mixed with city gas supplied from the outside in the gas mixing tower 19 and is sent to the combustor 21 of the gas turbine power generator 5 to be used as fuel gas.

Next, the features of the high water content waste treatment apparatus of this embodiment will be described in detail. Gas turbine power generator 5
Is a turbine 23, a compressor 25, a combustor 21, a generator 2
7 and 7. Combustion air 29 from the outside of the system is converted into high pressure air by the compressor 25 and sent to the combustor 21 to burn the fuel gas. The turbine 23 is driven to rotate by being blown with high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas. And turbine 23
Drives the coaxial generator 27 to generate electric power. The electric power obtained by the power generation is transmitted to the outside (not shown). The combustion gas leaving the turbine 23 is sent to the dryer 7 and used for drying the high water content waste 3. A duct burner 31 is provided in the middle of the flow path of the combustion gas leaving the turbine 23 to the dryer 7. If the temperature of the combustion gas is lower than the temperature required for drying, a part of the gas produced from the carbonization furnace is used for combustion to bring the temperature of the combustion gas to a temperature suitable for drying the dryer 7. ing. Further, the duct burner 31 operates when the turbine 23 is stopped, and the dryer 7
It also has the role of ensuring that there is no hindrance to driving. Furthermore, the temperature of the combustion gas of the turbine 23 is measured, and the city gas 6
Control device for increasing / decreasing the supply amount of 3 (temperature indicator
or Control) 33 is provided.

The dryer 7 is a rotary dryer type which has a structure in which the high water content waste 3 sent from the hopper 1 is conveyed while being agitated by a lifter and is sprayed with a combustion gas from a turbine 23 to be dried. Has become.
The temperature of the combustion gas blown into the dryer 7 is required to be about 700 ° C., although it depends on the ratio of the water content of the high water content waste. When the temperature of the combustion gas is low, it is adjusted by burning the duct burner 31 or increasing the supply amount of city gas as described above. The high-moisture content waste 3 is separated into evaporative gas and dry matter by the high temperature combustion gas in the dryer 7. The evaporative gas is dedusted by the cyclone 34, passes through the attracting fan 37a, is deodorized by the deodorizer 39, and is discharged to the atmosphere 41. The dried material is conveyed while being stirred by a screw feeder 43a provided at the bottom of the dryer, and is stored in a hopper 45. In addition, M described in the figure shows a motor. An appropriate amount of dried material stored in the hopper 45 is screw feeder 43b.
Is conveyed to the carbonization furnace 9.

The carbonization furnace 9 is equipped with a hot air oven 11 which burns char to serve as a heat source for the carbonization furnace 9, and a transfer device 13 which transfers and moves the dried material. The transport device 13 has two cylindrical containers whose both ends are closed, and the two containers are placed in parallel with the upper and lower two-stage ends aligned with the body of the container horizontal. The containers placed in the upper and lower two stages are provided so as to penetrate the side wall of the hot-air stove 11 and have one end protruding to the outside of the hot-air stove 11. Further, the upper and lower containers communicate with each other on the other end side of the upper and lower containers. The dried product is carried in from the screw feeder 43b to one end of the upper container protruding to the outside, conveyed and moved in the hot-air stove, and the char formed by carbonizing the dried product is discharged from the one end of the lower container. . In addition, from the other end of the upper and lower cylindrical containers in the hot air stove, pipes 47a and 47b are respectively provided.
However, it penetrates the hot stove and communicates with the external cyclone 15. A screw feeder is provided in each of the upper and lower cylindrical containers of the transfer device 13, and the dried material charged from one end of the upper cylindrical container is stirred and fed into the hot air furnace 11. It is heated. The generated gas generated in the upper cylindrical container by heating is sent to the cyclone 15 through the pipe line 47a. The dried material heated in the upper cylindrical container is sent to the lower cylindrical container and further heated and conveyed. The product gas generated in the lower cylindrical container is sent to the cyclone 15 through the pipe line 47b, and the char generated by heating the dried product is sent to the cooler 49 from one end of the lower cylindrical container.

The char placed in the cooler 49 is conveyed while being stirred by a screw feeder and cooled. The cooler 49, which is not shown, cools by flowing water. The cooled char is sent to the hopper 51, used as fuel for the hot-blast stove 11, and the rest is taken out as fuel or the like 52 to the outside of the system. The char serving as the fuel for the hot-blast stove 11 is sent to the hot-blast stove 11 together with the air 53 in the atmosphere sucked by the induction fan 37b and a part 55 of the vapor gas discharged from the dryer 7. Steam gas is about 2
The temperature is about 00 ° C. and is used for preheating the air 53. Further, the char 57 collected by the cyclone 15 is also sent to the hopper 51 to be used as fuel for the hot stove 11.

Char used for fuel in the hot air stove 11, combustion air 53 and the like are sent from the lower part of the hot air stove 11 into the furnace and burned by a pilot burner 59 provided in the lower part of the furnace. In the subsequent combustion, the amounts of char and air 53 are adjusted so that the temperature of the combustion gas required for carbonizing the dried material is about 650 ° C. The combustion gas in the hot-air stove 11 carbonizes the dried material in the two upper and lower cylindrical containers of the transfer device 13 provided in the furnace, so that the combustion gas meanders around the container.
Head to the top of. The combustion gas exiting the hot blast stove 11 is sent to the cyclone 35 together with the steam gas exiting from the dryer 7, and is discharged to the atmosphere via the deodorizer 39.

The produced gas generated from the transfer device 13 of the carbonization furnace 9 passes through the pipelines 47a and 47b and is removed by the cyclone 15. The generated gas that has been removed of dust is further cleaned by the cleaning device 17
To be washed. The cleaning device 17 has a structure in which cleaning water 59a is sprayed on the generated gas for cleaning, and dust and the like in the gas are discharged together with the drainage 59b. The produced gas after cleaning is compressed by the gas compressor 61 and then mixed with the city gas in the gas mixing tower 19 before being mixed with the city gas 63. High-pressure gas is required as the gas used as fuel for the gas turbine, and the city gas 63 supplied is high-pressure gas. Therefore, the product gas needs to be compressed by the compressor 61 before mixing. The produced gas mixed with the city gas 63 is burned in the combustor 21 of the gas turbine power generation device 5, and the turbine 2
3 is driven and the generator 27 is driven to generate electric power. The generated power is sent outside the system. Further, a controller (temperature indicator control) 33 that measures the temperature of the combustion gas of the turbine 23 and increases or decreases the supply amount of the city gas 63.
Accordingly, the valve 65 for controlling the city gas supply amount is provided in the city gas supply line before the gas mixing tower 19.

As described above, it has been costly and economically not feasible to dry high water content waste in the past, but since it is separated into dry matter and steam gas by the combustion gas of the gas turbine of the power generator, The fuel cost required for drying can be reduced. Further, since the generated gas generated in the carbonization furnace is used as the fuel gas for the gas turbine, the power generation cost is reduced, and the char produced in the carbonization furnace can be used as the fuel for the carbonization furnace, other fuels, etc., so that the economy is improved. Further, the vapor gas generated in the dryer accompanies an odor, but since it is deodorized and then released to the atmosphere, the influence on the environment is also suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the char formed in the carbonization furnace is used as the fuel for the hot stove, but the generated gas generated in the carbonization furnace may be used as the fuel for the hot stove. That is, the produced gas is used as the fuel gas for the turbine and also as the fuel for the hot stove. In this case, the char produced in the carbonization furnace is used as fuel for other equipment or as other raw material.

In this embodiment, the power generator uses a gas turbine, but a power generator using a gas engine may be used.

Further, the dryer is not limited to that of this embodiment, and may be a spray type dryer or the like. Further, the carbonization furnace and the hot air stove may be separately provided.

FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of another embodiment of the high water content waste treatment apparatus to which the present invention is applied, in which characteristic parts different from those in FIG. 1 are mainly described and common parts are omitted. There is. Further, the description will be focused on the points that are different from the above-described embodiment, and the same items as those in the above-described embodiment will use the same terms and symbols. As shown in FIG. 2, the high water content waste treatment device of this embodiment includes a gas turbine power generation device 5 and a gas engine power generation device 6. Although the combustion gas from the gas turbine 23 is sent to the dryer 8, the combustion gas of the gas turbine 23 has a higher temperature and a larger capacity than the combustion gas of the gas engine 24. Use gas. In addition, the gas engine 24 uses the generated gas as fuel because the device is simpler than the gas turbine, the power generation efficiency is high, and the gas compressor is unnecessary.

The dryer 8 is of a spray type, and the high water content waste 3 sent from the hopper 1 is ejected from the upper part of the dryer 8. Combustion gas of the turbine 23 is introduced from the bottom of the dryer 8 and flows toward the top, intersects with the high water content waste 3, and is separated into dry matter and evaporative gas. The dried product is discharged from the bottom of the dryer 8 to the carbonization furnace 10. The evaporative gas is sent to the cyclone 35, and the solid matter and the like contained in the evaporative gas are discharged from the bottom of the cyclone 35 to the hot stove 12. The evaporative gas dedusted by the cyclone 35 is sent to the hot stove 12 by the induction fan 37a.

In the hot air stove 12, the air 53 in the atmosphere by the induction fan 37b is used as combustion air, and the produced gas generated in the carbonization furnace 10 is used as fuel for combustion. Although not shown, a hot-air stove 12 is provided with a petroleum-based fuel combustion device for startup. The combustion gas of the hot stove 12 is sent to the carbonization furnace 10 and serves as a heat source of the carbonization furnace 10. Then, the combustion gas is sent to the deodorizer 39.

The carbonization furnace 10 is composed of a fixed outer cylinder and an inner cylinder that rotates about an axis, and the combustion gas from the hot stove 12 passes through the inner cylinder. The dried product discharged from the dryer 8 is introduced between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the carbonization furnace 10 and is moved by a spiral feeder provided on the outer surface of the inner cylinder,
It is gradually carbonized by the heat of the combustion gas passing through the inner cylinder. The produced gas generated with the progress of carbonization is discharged from the upper part of the carbonization furnace 10 and sent as fuel to the hot stove 12 and the gas engine 24. The char produced in the carbonization furnace is cooled by a cooling device (not shown) and stored in a hopper 51 to be used as fuel 52 outside the system.

Of the product gas generated from the carbonization furnace 10,
What is used as the fuel for the gas engine is dedusted by the cyclone 15, washed by the washing tower 17, and then sent to the gas mixing tower 19 with the city gas to be used as fuel for the gas engine 24.

As described above, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the combustion gas from the gas turbine is used to dry the high water content waste, but the generated gas is used as the fuel for the gas engine. Since the gas engine has a simple device and high power generation efficiency, the power generation cost of the entire device can be reduced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the fuel of the hot stove 12 is used as the generated gas, but all of the generated gas is used in the gas engine 2.
The fuel produced by the carbonization furnace 10 is used as the fuel for the No. 4 hot air stove 12
It may be used as fuel. The present invention also has a water content of 65%.
It is applicable to the high water content waste mentioned above. When the water content is 70% or less, the turbine or the like can be driven only by the generated gas, depending on the type of waste. Highly water-containing waste with a water content of 85% or more requires fuel supply such as city gas for power generation by a turbine, etc., but in this case as well, since the generated gas is used, the use of city gas etc. can be reduced, which is economical. Is improved.

Next, with reference to Tables 1 to 3, the composition ratio of organic waste as an example, the decomposition gas (produced gas) generated in the carbonization process and the heat amount of char, etc. will be outlined. Table 1 shows
These are listed as an example of organic waste that is biomass. The upper raw material is organic waste with a water content of 85.1%, and the evaporation residue that is the solid content after evaporating the water content.
The weight ratio shows that ash content is 0.19% and organic matter is 14.71% out of 14.9%. Furthermore, the breakdown of carbon C, hydrogen H, nitrogen N, and oxygen O contained in the organic substance is shown. After the lower layer is dried, the above ingredients are dried to a water content of 11.9.
The figure also shows the breakdown of the solid content of the evaporation residue when the percentage is 88.1%.

[0032]

[Table 1] Table 2 is an example showing the amounts of char and decomposed gas, which are charcoal generated when organic waste is dried and carbonized, and the amount of heat. Char that is carbonized is 101.7k per unit time
This means that the amount of heat generated is 7658 kcal per kg. The amount of carbonization generated during one year of operation
It shows that it is 813.4 tons. Further, the amount of decomposition gas and the amount of heat generated by carbonization are also shown. Since this decomposed gas is used as fuel for a gas turbine or the like after cleaning, the amount after cleaning and the amount of heat are also shown. In the gas after cleaning, water vapor in the gas is condensed and becomes a dry gas, so the amount of heat per unit kg increases.

[0033]

[Table 2] Table 3 shows the difference in power generation output depending on the generation ratio of char and decomposed gas, although the organic waste is carbonized to generate char and decomposed gas. When the char conversion rate is high, the amount of gas produced decreases, so the power generation output of the gas-fueled gas engine (GE) decreases, and conversely, when the char conversion rate is low, the power generation output increases. It is shown that. This is because the carbon in the organic waste becomes char or gas. The higher the temperature at which carbonization occurs, the less char, and conversely the amount of gas increases. On the contrary, when the temperature for carbonization is low, the char increases and the amount of gas decreases.

[0034]

[Table 3]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to improve the economical efficiency of processing high water content waste.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system configuration diagram of an embodiment of a high water content waste treatment device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of another embodiment of a high water content waste treatment device to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 hopper 3 High water content waste 5 Gas turbine power generator 6 Gas engine generator 7 dryer 8 dryer 9 carbonization furnace 10 carbonization furnace 11 hot stoves 12 hot stoves 13 Conveyor 15 cyclone 17 Gas cleaning tower 19 gas mixing tower 21 Combustor 23 turbine 24 gas engine 25 compressor 27 generator

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) C10B 47/20 F26B 23/00 A 53/00 B09B 3/00 303H F26B 23/00 ZAB F term (reference) 3L113 AA05 AC03 AC67 AC87 BA38 DA02 4D004 AA02 AB01 BA03 CA26 CA42 CA48 CB31 CB36 CB45 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA20 4D059 AA01 AA07 BB03 BD05 CA10 CA12 CB01 EA10 EB20 4H012 HA05

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An internal combustion engine for driving a generator, a drier for drying high water content waste by combustion gas discharged from the internal combustion engine, and a gas produced by heating the dried product discharged from the drier. And a carbonization furnace for generating char, wherein the generated gas discharged from the carbonization furnace is used as a fuel for the internal combustion engine. 2. The treatment apparatus for high water content waste according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is a gas turbine or a gas engine. 3. A dryer for drying high water content waste by a combustion gas discharged from a gas turbine driving a generator, and a dry product discharged from the dryer to generate product gas and char. A treatment apparatus for highly water-containing waste, comprising a carbonization furnace, and using the produced gas discharged from the carbonization furnace as a fuel for a gas engine that drives a generator. 4. The hot blast stove according to claim 1, wherein a hot gas stove that burns the produced gas or char produced in the carbonization furnace is provided, and the exhaust gas of the hot air stove is supplied as a heat source of the carbonization furnace. High water content waste treatment device.