JP2003114012A - Method for disassembling incinerator in waste incineration facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a work load in an incinerator by arranging that work for disassembling the incinerator with heavy equipment in a relatively stable place can be done with simple physical movement and work in an unstable place can be done with light equipment, and by standardizing the work in a low management division. SOLUTION: In a waste incineration facility comprising a furnace chamber 4 provided with an incinerator for incinerating waste and a chamber 2 having a platform 2a on which work contingent to a pre-treating process for carrying wastes in the incinerator is performed in a building 1, after blowing water against fireproof material in the incinerator for washing, the washed face is coated with solid formulation, and after integrating a metal plate, which is an external shell of the incinerator, and the fire proof material in the inside by pouring solidification agent, the integrated incinerator is cut, and the cut pieces are carried into the chamber 2 having the platform 2a dividing the furnace chamber 4 from the chamber 2. After that, the cut pieces are disassembled and cut on the platform 2a.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for dismantling an incinerator in a waste incineration facility, and in particular, work in a relatively unstable place of the dismantling can be performed with light equipment, and work with heavy equipment can be performed relatively. The present invention relates to a dismantling method that is performed in a stable place.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The dismantling work of an incinerator is carried out while preventing the worker from being exposed to dioxin attached to the incinerator. To prevent such exposure, a notification entitled "Regarding measures to prevent exposure to dioxins in work in waste incineration facilities" named by the Director of the Labor Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare was issued as "Basic No. 401" on April 25, 2001. Has been issued. To summarize this, the dismantling work of an incinerator in a place with a high dioxin concentration requires heavy equipment for exposure prevention, and the same work in a place with a low dioxin concentration requires the above equipment to be lightly equipped. It is stipulated that you may.

In the conventional dismantling method, a worker enters the incinerator to remove dioxin by ultrahigh-pressure cleaning of 2000 kg / cm ² , and then destroys and removes the refractory material. However, this method involves a large amount of work inside the incinerator and involves destruction work, which entails the danger of the internal scaffolding collapsing, etc. To be done.

By the way, dioxin gasifies above 400 degrees Celsius, but below that temperature, dioxin alone does not float and adheres to solid matter such as dust, and elutes in water, but if solid matter exists, There is a characteristic that the amount of elution to water is small because it adheres.

[0005]

According to the above-mentioned notification, in the case of level 4, which is the heaviest equipment, air-tight clothing such as air-tight clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus with internal protective clothing, etc. should be used as protective clothing. In addition to using chemical protective gloves as protective gloves and chemical protective shoes as protective shoes, work clothes and helmets are also specified. On the other hand, in the case of Level 1, which is the lightest equipment, it is sufficient to use a dust mask, work clothes to which dust does not adhere easily, protective gloves, safety shoes, and a helmet.

However, in the dismantling work of the incinerator, the incinerator is physically destroyed at a room temperature of less than 400 degrees Celsius, and the fragments are separated into each component and transported to the disposal site in a sealed state. However, during the period from the destruction of the incinerator to the separation, the high concentration of dioxin adhering to the dust inside the incinerator floats together with the dust, so exposure is generally prevented in all steps of the dismantling work. Must be heavily equipped.

[0007] When such heavy equipment is worn, the movement of the worker is naturally limited, resulting in heavy labor and poor work efficiency. In addition, it is necessary to set the 1st to 3rd management divisions according to the dioxin concentration and to establish closed compartments (partitions) for each area, which complicates the passage of each management division from dismantling to transportation and reduces work efficiency. Bring

When gas cutting, which is a heat treatment demolition of 400 degrees Celsius or more, is used, dioxin is gasified, and therefore level 4 which is the most heavy equipment and local airtight compartment and ventilation at the work point are required. Not at all. Therefore, according to the present invention, the dismantling work of the incinerator is divided into the work in the furnace chamber of the waste incineration facility and the work in the platform, and the work with heavy equipment can be performed by simple movement on the platform which is a relatively stable place. In order to reduce the amount of work inside the incinerator, perform non-heat and low dust dismantling, and unify it in a low management category so that work in the furnace chamber, which is an unstable place, can be done with light equipment. This improves work efficiency and safety.

The present invention is based on the basic concept that dioxin scattering can be relatively suppressed by suppressing dust scattering during non-heat treatment.

[0010]

The invention according to claim 1 includes a furnace chamber provided with an incinerator for incinerating waste in a building, a pre-process for carrying the waste into the incinerator, and the like. In a waste incineration facility equipped with a room that has a platform for performing work incidental to incineration, after covering the cleaning surface of the refractory material in the incinerator by spraying water with a solidifying agent, After the metal plate and the refractory material are integrated by injecting a solidifying agent between the metal plate forming the outer shell and the refractory material inside thereof, the integrated incinerator is cut and the cut pieces are cut into the furnace chamber. The cutting piece is disassembled and cut by the platform carried into a room having a platform.

The incinerator is composed of a furnace body provided with a hopper, a dust collector, a draft fan, and a flue connecting them, and these are washed with water to remove dust with dioxin attached. The surface is coated with a solidifying agent,
Further, a solidifying agent is injected between the metal plate forming the outer shell of the incinerator and the refractory material inside thereof to integrate the metal plate and the refractory material and cut the remaining dioxin-adhering dust in a confined state. The cutting is preferably performed by one or more means selected from a wire saw, a Walsaw, a water jet, etc. that can prevent the generation of dust as much as possible. These operations are carried out in the furnace room using an assembly scaffolding, an overhead crane, etc., but the work below the coating of the refractory material can be carried out with a small amount of equipment because the amount of suspended dust can be small. Also, the work of cleaning the surface of the refractory material and coating with the solidifying agent can be performed with light equipment when an operator enters the incinerator and does not work.

The cut pieces are carried into the platform room of the waste treatment facility, disassembled and cut on the platform. Although the chamber of this platform is kept in a state of being shielded from the furnace chamber and the outside, most of the platform is flat and the scaffold is stable. Further, since the dismantling and cutting can be performed by using heavy machinery such as a hydraulic breaker, a hydraulic nipper, a backhoe, a crusher, etc., the operation of these heavy machinery can be performed by keeping the lever seated in the driver's seat of each heavy machinery. It will only operate the pedals and pedals. For this reason, the amount of dust scattered by dismantling and cutting work increases, so it is necessary for workers to wear protective clothing and other heavy equipment, but the work place is stable and the work is done by manual work using the whole body. Since it is a relatively light work of moving the limbs lightly, there is no reduction in work efficiency.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, after the disassembling and cutting, the pieces of metal and the refractory material are separated on the platform, and then the pieces of metal and the refractory material are carried out of the platform.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a waste treatment facility 1. In this embodiment, a chamber 2 having a platform 2a, a crane chamber 3 and a furnace chamber 4 are provided, and the waste is disposed on the platform 2a. An object mixing pit 5 is provided, which is closed by a temporary pedestal 6 and the entire platform 2a has a flat floor surface. In the crane room 3, an existing overhead crane 7 used for operating the waste treatment facility 1 is installed, and in the furnace room 4, overhead cranes 8 and 9 for dismantling work are installed.

Further, a furnace body 12 with a hopper 11 for receiving the waste conveyed by the overhead crane 7 is installed in the furnace chamber 4, and a dust collector 1 is provided from there through a flue 13.
4 is installed. An induction draft fan 16 is connected to the dust collector 14 via a duct 15, and a main ash conveyor 17 is arranged below the furnace body 12 to form an incinerator.

When the incinerator shown in the figure is dismantled, the space between the chamber 2 of the platform 2a and the crane chamber 3 is closed, and the electric shutter between the chamber 2 of the platform 2a and the furnace chamber 4 and the strong negative pressure control of the chamber 2 are controlled. Shut off by the chamber 2 and the furnace chamber 4
Both are isolated from the outside air. A ceiling hoist 18 is installed on the ceiling of the room 2, and a heavy goods carrier 19 is arranged between the room 2 and the furnace room 4 of the platform 2a.

As shown in FIG. 2, which is a plan view of the platform 2a, a hydraulic breaker 21, a hydraulic nipper 22, a backhoe device 23, a crusher 24, a basket cart 25, and a washing machine 26 are arranged on the platform 2a. Has been done. As the hydraulic breaker 21, the hydraulic nipper 22, and the backhoe device 23, each working device is provided at the tip of the boom of a self-propelled vehicle with endless crawler belts, and conventional ones are used. Also, the crusher 24 is a device for crushing waste, which is also a conventional one. Basket car 25
Is a vehicle in which the bed of a bogie without power is surrounded by a net, and is driven by human power or other power.

The furnace chamber 4 is equipped with such equipment and devices.
The chamber and the chamber 2 are each closed, and the temperature condition of less than 400 degrees Celsius where dioxin adheres to the dust is maintained (usually, it will be dismantled after many hours have passed since the incinerator was stopped, so generally The whole is at room temperature), the dismantling of the incinerator is performed as follows. In the following description, disassembling the furnace body 12 as an incinerator will be described as an example.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the furnace body 12, which is a metal plate (usually an iron plate) forming an outer shell.
12a and a refractory material 12b inside the metal plate 1a
It has a conventional structure in which a gap 12c is formed between 2a and the refractory material 12b. Inside the furnace body 12, a worker who has boarded a gondola 31 suspended by using the overhead crane 8 is provided with a refractory material 12b as shown in FIG. 3 (A).
Clean by spraying water on the surface. Water is supplied from the outside of the furnace body 12 by a hose (not shown). Dust on the surface of the refractory material 12b is washed by this washing, and dioxin adhering to the dust is also washed.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), an operator on the gondola 31 sprays a solidifying agent on the surface of the refractory material 12b to prevent the deposits from adhering to the surface of the refractory material 12b and to remove the solidifying agent. It is integrated with the refractory material 12b. Since the washing with water is performed in the previous stage, the solidifying agent can be sufficiently integrated with the refractory agent 12b. A quick-setting type is used as the solidifying agent. In these washing and solidifying agent spraying processes, since the worker enters the furnace body 12 in which dust treatment has not been completed, the worker wears protective gear such as heavy equipment.
You can work without standing because you can work without changing your posture while standing inside. Further, since it is not a destructive work, the internal work of the furnace body 12 can be safely performed.

In the above, the worker enters the furnace body 12 to perform cleaning and the like, but the worker cleans the inside of the furnace body 12 by inserting a hose from the upper opening opened outside the furnace body 12 and the like. Similarly, it is also possible to spray a solidifying agent, and in this case, since the worker does not enter the furnace body 12, it is possible to make the equipment lighter than the above-mentioned protective clothing and the like.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (C), a solidifying agent is injected into the gap between the refractory material 12b and the metal plate 12a on the scaffold 32 assembled outside the furnace body 12. This injection is performed using the holes formed in the metal plate 12a. By the solidifying agent, the metal plate 12a and the refractory material 12b are integrated, and the dust that has entered between the metal plate 12a and the refractory material 12b from between the refractory materials 12b is taken in and solidified. The solidifying agent used here is a slow-setting, high-workability type. The step shown in FIG. 3C may be performed before the step shown in FIGS. In addition, there are two types of refractory structure inside the incinerator, a stacked brick type that creates a gap between the iron plate 37 and the brick-type refractory material 39 as shown in FIG. 4 (a), and an iron plate as shown in FIG. 4 (b). There is a caster type in which there is no gap between 37 and the caster-type refractory material 40. In the case of this caster type, the work shown in FIG. 3 (C) becomes unnecessary. 4A and 4B, reference numeral 38 is an anchor for fixing the refractory material 39 to the iron plate 37, 41 is dioxin,
43 is an injection type solidifying material, 44 is a spraying type solidifying material, and 42 is a cut surface.

Further, the step shown in FIG.
Since the work is performed from the outside and the internal treatment is completed as described above, work is not performed in an atmosphere in which high-concentration dioxin floats, so light protective clothing is sufficient. Therefore, the work on the scaffold 32 becomes easy. Next in FIG.
The furnace body 12 is cut as shown in (D). This cutting is also carried out by a worker riding on the scaffold 32 and cutting with a wire saw, but it can also be carried out by other means. At this time, in consideration of the cutting work and the efficiency of carrying out the cut pieces 12d, the cutting is carried out in a large size within a range where the cutting and carrying out can be carried out. Thereby, the scattering of dust remaining in the furnace body 12 can be minimized. The cutting piece 12d is mounted on the heavy goods carrier 19 by using the overhead crane 8. Reference numeral 8a in FIG. 3D is a suspension rope that is continuous with the overhead crane 8.
Here, since the metal plate 12a and the refractory material 12b are integrally solidified, the cutting piece 12d is easily cut and transported.

A cutting piece 12 mounted on a heavy goods carrier 19
The d is transported to the chamber 2 having the platform 2a by the movement of the same-weight transport vehicle 19. When moving from the furnace chamber 4 to the chamber 2, the electric shutter between the chambers is opened, but the air curtain keeps the chambers isolated. Heavy goods carrier 1
Needless to say, the electric shutter is closed after 9 is moved into the chamber 2.

The cut pieces moved to the chamber 2 are ceiling hoists 18
Is dropped onto the platform 2a using
The metal plate and the refractory material are separated and cut by the hydraulic breaker 21 and the hydraulic nippers 22. These cut pieces are separated into the cut pieces of the metal plate and the refractory material and are collected by the backhoe device 23. Each type is put into the crusher 24. The cut pieces further cut by the crusher 24 are stored in the drums in which the cut pieces of refractory material are mounted on the basket wheel 25a, and the cut pieces of the metal plate are directly mounted on the basket wheel 25b.

Since the work here is cutting and breaking of the cut pieces, the dust that adheres to them and is once hardened is scattered, so that the worker needs heavy equipment. However, most of the steps are the heavy goods carrier 19 and the hydraulic breaker 2.
1, a worker rides on the hydraulic nippers 22 and the backhoe device 23, simply operates levers and pedals with his / her limbs while sitting in the driver's seat, and walks on the platform 2a because it is flat. It is also easy to do, so there is no heavy work or physical movement. Therefore, the work can be performed safely and easily even when wearing the heavy equipment protective clothing.

Carts 25a, 25 carrying the cutting pieces
After passing through the washing machine 25 to wash dust, b is carried out of the chamber 2, and the scraps of these metal plates are mounted on the freight car 33a and transported to the reprocessing site to remove the refractory material. The cut pieces are loaded into the freight car 33b together with the drums and transported to the final disposal site or the like. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 34 is a break room, which is provided with an air shower room 34a at the entrance and exit, and reference numeral 35 indicates muddy water treatment equipment, and reference numeral 36.
Is an exhaust fan with a helter for keeping the chamber 2 of the platform 2a at a negative pressure. Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 37 is a chimney, and reference numeral 38 is the exhaust fan 36.
It is the same exhaust fan as.

Although the dismantling of the furnace body 12 of the incinerator has been described above, the dust collector 14 and other constituent parts of the incinerator are also dismantled in the same manner. Of course, for the flue 13, the duct 15, etc., the means for cleaning with water and the spraying or cutting means of the solidifying agent may be appropriately changed depending on their shapes and structures.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, the dismantling work of the incinerator is divided into the work in the furnace room of the waste incinerator and the work in the platform, and work with heavy equipment for dioxin protection is performed. Can be easily moved in a relatively stable place, work in an unstable place can be done with light equipment, and it can be dismantled by reducing the internal work of the incinerator by unifying it in a low management category. Work efficiency and safety can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a waste incineration facility.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of a part of a waste incineration facility.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a cutting operation of the furnace body.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the refractory material inside the incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 waste treatment facility 2 rooms 2a platform 3 crane room 4 furnace room 11 hopper 12 furnace body 13 flue 14 dust collector 15 ducts

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A furnace room provided with an incinerator for incinerating waste in a building, and a room having a platform for performing work associated with incineration such as a pre-process for loading waste into the incinerator. In the provided waste incineration facility, after the refractory material in the incinerator is washed by spraying water, this cleaning surface is covered with a solidifying agent, and the metal plate that forms the outer shell of the incinerator and the refractory material inside it After injecting a solidifying agent between the metal plate and the refractory material, the integrated incinerator is cut, and the cut pieces are carried into a chamber having a platform partitioned from the furnace chamber, A method for disassembling an incinerator in a waste incinerator, which comprises disassembling and cutting the cut pieces on the platform. 2. The metal piece and the refractory material are separated on the platform after the dismantling and cutting, and then the metal piece and the refractory material are carried out of the platform. Dismantling method of incinerator in waste incineration facility.