JP3853284B2 - Chimney dismantling method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dismantling method for dismantling in order to remove a chimney attached to an incinerator or a combustion furnace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When dismantling an existing building to remove or remodel it, if the dismantling work is performed with the surrounding area left open, a large amount of dust generated during the work will be scattered and adversely affect the surrounding environment. Or, shattered building materials such as broken glass fall to the surrounding area and cause human and property damage. Therefore, it is possible to surround the building to be demolished with a scaffold and a sheet to prevent dust scattering and member falling, and to perform demolition work while suppressing dust scattering by watering the building and work space being demolished. Generally done.
[0003]
Even when disassembling a chimney attached to an incinerator or combustion furnace, a construction method is carried out to surround the chimney and prevent dust from being scattered and members falling. For example, Patent Document 1 describes that a working scaffold is temporarily installed near a chimney, and then a temporary enclosure is temporarily installed around the working scaffold from the ground. This temporary enclosure is arranged to prevent contamination to the surrounding environment and workers due to the generation of dust during the short cutting process of the chimney, and is made higher than the height of the working scaffold and the chimney This is preferable from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing contamination.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-121906 A (paragraph number 0030)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-47812 (paragraph numbers 0007-0011)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of the conventional building demolition method, the building is surrounded by a scaffolding and a sheet, but the upper part of the building is open, so it is possible to disperse fine dust that tends to rise on the wind. I can't stop it. In addition, a large amount of water is necessary during the dismantling work to suppress the scattering of dust, so a large amount of water is necessary, so that the spilled water does not flow into adjacent land or roads and have an adverse effect. It is necessary to take measures for wastewater treatment. In addition, when demolishing old buildings that use harmful materials such as asbestos, or buildings that may contain harmful substances contained in incineration ash, such as garbage incinerators, In this dismantling method, harmful substances may scatter and cause environmental pollution.
[0006]
In response to such a problem, the present applicant forms a construction space that is surrounded by a sheet, such as a garbage incineration facility, and is blocked from the outside air, and the atmospheric pressure in the construction space is set to atmospheric pressure. A construction method for demolishing a building while keeping it lower was developed and disclosed as Patent Document 2. According to this construction method, the construction space that is blocked from the outside air is always kept at a negative pressure, and the dismantling work can be performed so that the air in the construction space does not diffuse outside. As a result, there is an effect that dust generated during the construction, residual harmful substances, and the like are not scattered from the construction space and watering during the dismantling work is unnecessary.
[0007]
However, the chimney demolition method attached to the waste incineration facility is the same as that described in Patent Document 1, and the conventional method of surrounding the chimney with a scaffold and a sheet is still being implemented, and the chimney in an open state is still in use. The problem remains that it is not possible to stop the scattering of dust from above.
[0008]
In addition, the construction method described in Patent Document 1 requires a short cutting operation of a chimney with a wire saw and a work of cutting a portion cut by this short cutting with a work machine, which requires a long time. However, there is a problem that the efficiency of the entire dismantling work is low.
[0009]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent dust and harmful substances from scattering from above the chimney when disassembling the chimney attached to the incinerator or combustion furnace, and to improve the efficiency of the demolition work. is there.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The chimney demolition method of the present invention assembles a scaffold around the chimney that is the object to be disassembled to a height close to the top of the chimney, surrounds the periphery of the assembled scaffold with a first sheet, A platform higher than the top of the chimney is installed at the top, and the periphery of the frame is surrounded by a second sheet to block the periphery of the chimney from the outside air, and further, the lower part of the first sheet surrounding the periphery of the scaffold is In a state where the working space is surrounded by a third sheet and is blocked from outside air, the working space is lower than atmospheric pressure.
(1) The step of cleaning the inside of the chimney (2) The step of removing the refractory brick inside the chimney (3) The chimney is disassembled through work steps including the steps of removing the outer wall of the chimney.
[0011]
By blocking the surroundings of the chimney including the upper part of the chimney from the outside air, dust generated during the dismantling operation is prevented from being scattered into the atmosphere from above the chimney. Furthermore, the dismantling work can be performed while keeping the working space blocked from the outside air at a negative pressure at all times and preventing the air in the working space from diffusing to the outside. The work space is a space where refractory bricks that have been crushed and dropped to the chimney bottom and crushed material on the outer wall are scraped from the chimney and temporarily accumulated, and then transported to the outside. By maintaining the negative pressure, it is possible to prevent dust, residual harmful substances, and the like generated during the dismantling work from scattering from the work space to the outside.
[0012]
In order to maintain the atmospheric pressure in the working space lower than the atmospheric pressure, air in the working space is sucked by an air pump. The suction by the air pump may be continuous or intermittent, and thus the working space can be made negative. By holding the working space at a negative pressure, air in the working space will not leak to the outside even if there is an incomplete part of the air from the seat, and the outside air will be introduced. As a result, the air in the work space is replaced.
[0013]
It is desirable to provide an access passage in the working space. By opening and closing doors at the front and rear of this passage and blocking the passage from outside air, workers can go in and out of the work space, work vehicles and machines can be taken in and out, waste materials after dismantling, etc. This can be done via this passage without increasing the pressure in the working space. In addition, dust and harmful substances generated during dismantling work can be recovered and collected by collecting and collecting the suspended matter in the suction air by filtering the air sucked from the work space with a filter. Therefore, environmental pollution due to exhaust from the air pump can be prevented.
[0014]
The first and second sheets surrounding the chimney and the third sheet for forming the working space are excellent in airtightness, strength, weather resistance, durability, etc. Use sail cotton or synthetic resin sheets that are not easily destroyed by snow or ice. In addition, if a sheet having a function of shielding ultraviolet rays or infrared rays is used as a sheet, ultraviolet rays can be prevented from entering the space surrounded by the sheet and temperature rise can be suppressed. It is possible to improve the working environment of the worker who has been.
[0015]
It is desirable that the scaffold assembled to the height close to the top of the chimney has a structure in which a plurality of assembly scaffolds each having a height of about 1 to 2 m are stacked in a stack height direction. By adopting such a structure, as the chimney height is lowered by crushing and removing the outer wall of the upper part of the chimney, the upper assembly scaffolding can be sequentially removed and the top frame can be lowered to a lower position sequentially. .
[0016]
In addition to the function of holding the third sheet for enclosing the chimney upper part, the top frame suspends the cleaning machine for cleaning the chimney inside and the crusher for crushing the outer wall from the upper girder of this frame into the chimney. Give function. For this reason, the gantry has a high-strength steel frame structure, and the upper girder should have sufficient strength.
[0017]
The process of cleaning the inside of the chimney is carried out by inserting a high-pressure water washer suspended from the top frame into the chimney and blowing high-pressure water supplied from the outside onto the inner surface of the refractory brick wall to separate and remove the combustion ash It is a process to do. Since the periphery of the chimney is surrounded by a sheet, even if the combustion adhering ash inside the chimney rises, it is hardly released to the surrounding environment. The cleaning water containing the combustion-attached ash removed by cleaning is sent to a wastewater treatment device through a pipe to remove harmful substances such as combustion ash and dioxin, and the treated water is reused as high-pressure water for cleaning. As the high pressure water washer used here, a known high pressure water washer can be used.
[0018]
The process of removing the refractory bricks inside the chimney is to insert a work gondola suspended from the top frame or beam provided at the top of the chimney into the chimney, and an operator on the gondola puts a crusher such as a hand breaker It is a process of crushing and removing the refractory bricks. Since this step is performed after the step of cleaning the inside of the chimney, the combustion ash adhering to the refractory brick is removed, and the combustion ash does not soar when the refractory brick is crushed. The refractory brick debris that has been peeled off and accumulated on the bottom of the chimney is scraped out of the chimney from the opening of the chimney bottom and is carried out of the work space to the outside.
[0019]
It is preferable to clean the inner surface of the outer wall after removal of the refractory bricks after removing the refractory bricks inside the chimney by the above process. In this cleaning process, the work gondola is inserted into the remaining outer wall, and a worker riding on the work gondola sprays high-pressure water supplied from the outside onto the inner surface of the outer wall to wash away deposits such as brick powder. It is a process. The washing water containing brick powder and the like is sent to the waste water treatment apparatus and processed in the same manner as described above. In addition, when there is little brick powder etc. which remain on the inner surface of the outer wall after removing the refractory brick, this cleaning step may be omitted.
[0020]
The process of removing the outer wall of the chimney consists of an operator placed at the top of the assembly scaffold remotely operating the hydraulic machine body installed outside, operating the hydraulic crusher suspended from the top frame, and removing the outer wall. It is a process of crushing sequentially with a hydraulic crusher. The outer wall is usually made of reinforced concrete, and the crushed concrete pieces are dropped to the chimney bottom, and the rebar is cut by the operator with a cutter and dropped to the chimney bottom as well.
[0021]
After the removal of the outer wall corresponding to the height of one or two scaffolds stacked in multiple stages, the assembly of one or two stages is carried out with the top frame suspended by a crane. Remove the scaffolding and place the top platform on top of the top assembly scaffolding. Hereinafter, the outer wall removal work is completed by sequentially repeating the operations of crushing the outer wall with hydraulic equipment, removing the scaffold for assembly, and lowering the top frame.
[0022]
After the outer wall removal work is completed, the brick waste, concrete pieces, rebar pieces, etc. that are primarily accumulated in the work space are carried out to the outside, and then the chimney, assembly scaffolding, sheets, etc. are cleaned up and the chimney demolition work is finished.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the shielding situation around the chimney in the embodiment of the chimney dismantling method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the shielding situation around the chimney, and FIGS. 3 to 8 are explanatory diagrams of each work process. is there.
[0024]
This embodiment is an example of the demolition work of a chimney of a waste incineration facility that has been suspended, and is a work for demolition and removal of the chimney T of the waste incineration equipment (shown only in the figure in the figure) S shown in FIG. is there. The main process of construction is as follows.
(1) Step of constructing the scaffold 10 and the top frame 20 around the chimney T and surrounding the chimney T with the seats 30 and 40 (2) Outside the chimney T surrounded by the seat 30 by the support column 51, the wire 52 and the seat 50 (3) Step of forming the working space W blocked by the high pressure water washer 60 inside the chimney T and removing the combustion deposits on the inner surface of the refractory brick wall F with high pressure water (4) Process of purifying drainage by high-pressure water washing (5) Insert the working gondola 70 on which the worker M is placed inside the chimney T, and crush and remove the refractory brick wall F inside the chimney T with a hand breaker (6) Step of carrying out the crushed pieces f of the refractory brick to the outside (7) Inserting the working gondola 70 on which the worker M is placed inside the remaining outer wall A, and the inner surface of the outer wall A with high pressure water Washing process (8) Waste by high pressure water washing (9) Step of crushing the remaining outer wall A by the hydraulic crusher 80 (10) Step of carrying out the crushed pieces a of the outer wall A to the outside (11) Scaffold 10, top rack 20, strut 51, wire 52, the process of removing the sheets 30, 40, 50
Hereafter, each said process is demonstrated in order.
As shown in FIG. 1, the chimney T is provided adjacent to the building of the waste incineration facility S. In the present embodiment, the dismantling and removal of the waste incineration facility S is also included in the overall construction, so the surroundings of the building are also surrounded by sheets, but the illustration is omitted in FIG. The demolition and removal work of the garbage incineration facility S and the demolition and removal work of the chimney T may be performed in parallel, or one of the works may be completed before the other work is performed. .
[0026]
In the chimney dismantling work, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the scaffold 10 and the top frame 20 are constructed around the chimney T and surrounded by the sheets 30 and 40. The scaffold 10 is assembled from the ground to a height close to the top of the chimney T. This scaffold 10 has a structure in which a single steel frame structure scaffolding 11, 12,..., 1n (see FIG. 3) having a height of about 1 to 2 m is stacked in n stages in the height direction of the chimney T. It is. With this structure, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper assembly scaffolding is sequentially removed as shown in FIG. 7, as the upper part of the outer wall A of the chimney T is crushed and removed as shown in FIG. The top frame 20 can be lowered to a lower position sequentially. The periphery of the scaffold 10 is surrounded by a synthetic resin sheet 30 used for a tent or the like.
[0027]
The top frame 20 is an integral steel frame structure as shown in FIG. 8, and in addition to the function of holding the enveloping sheet 40 at the top of the chimney, the top frame 20 has a chimney T of the chimney T. A function of suspending a high-pressure water washing machine 60 for cleaning the chimney inside and a hydraulic crushing machine 80 for crushing the outer wall is provided inside. The top frame 20 is surrounded by a synthetic resin sheet 40.
[0028]
Next, the working space W shown in FIG. 1 is formed. The working space W has a size and a height that allow a construction vehicle to enter and exit the seat 30 surrounding the scaffold 10 to scrape demolition waste from the chimney and carry it out to the outside. In other words, the area is blocked from the outside air. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, a working space W is formed by steel columns 51, wires 52, and synthetic resin sheets 50.
[0029]
Further, the work space W is divided into a dismantling work place w ₁ and a passage w ₂ , and opening / closing doors 53 and 54 are provided at the front and rear of the passage w ₂ , so that workers can enter and leave the work space W and work. For example, it is possible to take in and out a work vehicle and a machine, and carry out waste materials after dismantling without causing an increase in air pressure in the work space W. Further, etc. by installing the air shower apparatus for a vehicle or machine washing equipment and workers in the passage w ₂ (both not shown), so as to prevent external contamination.
[0030]
In order to keep the atmospheric pressure in the working space W lower than the atmospheric pressure, a suction port 55 is provided in a part of the sheet 50, and the air in the working space W is sucked by an air pump (not shown). The air pump is continuously operated when the dismantling operation is being performed, and is intermittently operated while the operation is suspended, so that the working space W can be maintained at a negative pressure. By sucking the air in the work space W with an air pump, outside air is introduced into the work space W through a slight gap between the joints of the seat 50 and a small gap between the open / close doors w ₁ and w ₂ , and the air is replaced. Therefore, the work space W can be maintained in a state suitable for work.
[0031]
After the above preparatory work is completed, the inside of the chimney is cleaned and dismantled.
The first cleaning operation is an operation in which the high pressure water washer 60 is inserted into the chimney T and the combustion deposits on the inner surface of the refractory brick wall F are peeled and removed by the high pressure water. As shown in FIG. 3, a high-pressure water cleaning machine 60 for cleaning the chimney inside is suspended from the upper girder 21 of the top frame 20 into the chimney T via a winch (not shown). The high-pressure water washing machine 60 is a known washing machine that performs washing by spraying high-pressure water from the nozzle tip, and detailed description of the function and structure is omitted. In this cleaning operation, high pressure water supplied from outside through the high pressure water hose 61 is sprayed on the inner surface of the refractory brick wall F inside the chimney T for cleaning.
[0032]
The cleaning water containing the combustion ash that has been removed by cleaning is sent to a wastewater treatment device (not shown) through a pipe (not shown) to remove combustion ash and dioxins and other harmful substances. Reuse for high pressure water for cleaning. The wastewater treatment equipment shall be equipped with a heavy metal repair treatment tank, a coagulation sedimentation tank, and an activated carbon treatment tank, and shall be cleaning water that satisfies the discharge standards stipulated by related laws and regulations. The treated wash water is reused as high-pressure water sent to the high-pressure washing machine 60 again.
[0033]
When the first cleaning operation is completed, the high-pressure water washing machine 60 is removed, and then, as shown in FIG. The fire brick wall F is crushed and removed by a hand breaker. The work gondola 70 is suspended from a beam 71 spanning the upper end of the chimney via a winch (not shown), and the worker M gets in and crushes the refractory brick wall F by a hand breaker. The refractory brick fragments f that have fallen to the chimney bottom are scraped by the backhoe B from the opening To (see FIG. 2) at the chimney bottom and are carried outside.
[0034]
Next, the second cleaning operation is performed. As shown in FIG. 5, the work gondola 70 is inserted into the chimney, and an operator riding on the work gondola 70 sprays high-pressure water supplied from the outside onto the inner surface of the chimney outer wall A, so that the refractory brick wall F The brick powder adhering to the outer wall A after washing is washed away. Washing water containing brick powder and the like is sent to the wastewater treatment apparatus for processing in the same manner as in the first cleaning operation.
[0035]
When the second cleaning operation is completed, the working gondola 70 is removed, and then the remaining outer wall A is crushed by the hydraulic crusher 80 as shown in FIG. This operation is performed by a worker M arranged on the uppermost scaffolding remotely operating a hydraulic body (not shown) installed outside and chaining from a beam 22 attached to the upper girder 21 of the top rack 20. This is an operation of operating the hydraulic crusher 80 suspended through a block (not shown) and sequentially crushing the outer wall A with the hydraulic crusher 80. The beam 22 can move in the paper plane direction of FIG. 6 along a digit (not shown), and the outer wall A can be crushed sequentially by moving the chain block in two directions. The hydraulic crusher 80 is a known crusher, and the operator M remotely operates the hydraulic machine main body with a remote controller. The outer wall A is made of reinforced concrete, and the crushed pieces a are dropped onto the chimney bottom, and the rebar is cut by the operator M using a cutter and dropped onto the chimney bottom as well.
[0036]
When the removal of the outer wall A corresponding to the height of the two assembly scaffolds 11 and 12 of the scaffold 10 stacked in multiple stages is finished, as shown in FIG. 2), the two-stage assembly scaffolds 11 and 12 are removed, and the top frame 20 is placed again on the upper part of the assembly scaffold 13 which is the uppermost stage. Thereafter, the operation of crushing the outer wall by the hydraulic device 80, removing the scaffold for assembly, and lowering the top gantry is repeated sequentially (see FIG. 8) to crush and remove all the outer wall A.
[0037]
After crushing and removing the outer wall A, the crushed pieces f of the refractory brick wall F, the crushed pieces a of the outer wall A, the reinforcing bar pieces, etc., which are primarily accumulated in the work space, are carried out to the outside, and then the working space W is formed. The stack 51, the wire 52, the seat 50, the scaffold 10 lowered on the ground, the top pedestal 20, the seats 30, 40, etc. are cleaned up and the chimney dismantling work is completed.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
(1) By shutting off the chimney, including the area above the chimney, from outside air, forming a working space that is shut off from the outside air, and disassembling the chimney with this working space lower than atmospheric pressure , Dust and residual harmful substances generated during dismantling work are prevented from scattering to the outside.
(2) A series of operations can be performed efficiently by cleaning the inside of the chimney with a high-pressure water washer, crushing and removing the refractory bricks inside the chimney, and crushing and removing the remaining outer wall. it can.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a shielding situation around a chimney in an embodiment of a chimney demolition method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a shielding situation around a chimney.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a cleaning process inside the chimney.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a crushing and removing process for a refractory brick wall.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cleaning process of the inner surface of the outer wall.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an outer wall crushing and removing process.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an outer wall crushing and removing process. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an outer wall crushing and removing process.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Scaffolding 11-14, ... 1n Assembly scaffolding 20 Top stand 21 Upper girder 22 Beam 30, 40, 50 Sheet 51 Post 52 Wire 53, 54 Opening / closing door 55 Suction port 60 High pressure water washing machine 61 High pressure water hose 70 Work Gondola 71 Beam 80 Hydraulic crusher S Garbage incineration facility T Chimney To opening W Work space ₁ Demolition workshop w ₂ Passage F Fire brick wall f Fire brick fragment A Outer wall a Outer wall fragment B Backhoe Cr Crane M Work Person

Claims (3)

A scaffold is assembled around the chimney, which is to be disassembled, to a height close to the top of the chimney, the periphery of the assembled scaffold is surrounded by a first sheet, and a platform higher than the top of the chimney is placed above the uppermost scaffold. And surrounding the frame with a second sheet to block the chimney from the outside air, and further surrounding the lower part of the first sheet surrounding the scaffold with a third sheet In this way, a working space that is blocked from outside air is formed, and this working space is lower than atmospheric pressure.
A high-pressure water washer is inserted inside the chimney, the high-pressure water supplied from the outside is sprayed on the inner surface of the refractory brick wall inside the chimney, and the combustion adhering ash is peeled and removed to clean the inside of the chimney .
After washing the chimney inside the working gondola is inserted inside the chimney, and crushed peeled off firebrick to remove the chimney inside the refractory brick workers riding on the work gondolas with crushing tool ,
After removing the refractory bricks inside the chimney, a hydraulic crusher is inserted into the chimney, and an operator placed at the top of the scaffold is remotely operated to the hydraulic machine main body, and the outer wall is chimney demolishing method characterized by disassembling the stack sequentially crushed by removing the chimney outer wall by crusher.   The chimney demolition method according to claim 1, wherein a step of cleaning the inner surface of the outer wall of the chimney after the removal of the refractory brick is added after the step of removing the refractory brick inside the chimney. The step of cleaning the inner surface of the chimney outer wall includes inserting a working gondola into the chimney, and spraying high pressure water supplied from the outside onto the inner surface of the chimney outer wall by a worker riding on the working gondola, The chimney demolition method according to claim 2, which is a step of washing away the deposits.

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