JP3618737B2 - Incinerator dismantling equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates slaughter setting incinerator Bei. More particularly, incinerators that are no longer in use, in particular a small incinerator was disassembled to prevent environmental pollution, and relates slaughter settings for recycling waste after dismantling Bei.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional techniques include the following.
1. At the time of dismantling work, the solid waste containing dioxins generated from furnace equipment such as incinerators is brought into contact with the culture solution of decomposing microorganisms, or in contact with microorganisms with resolution, and in advance in the final disposal site in the furnace equipment. The dioxin concentration is reduced below the standard value (Patent Document 1).
2. When cutting and removing an existing old-type incinerator, the cut portion is covered with concrete, then a wire saw device is installed, and the incinerator is sequentially cut to a desired length with this wire saw device, and then a normal weight disintegrator By removing the furnace wall, the gasification of dioxins is prevented without using fire (Patent Document 2).
3. A heating furnace facility contaminated with dioxins is cut using ultrahigh pressure water having a pressure of 100 to 500 MPa (Patent Document 3).
4). When disassembling waste incineration facilities, etc., wastewater generated when removing contaminants attached to the incinerator facility with high-pressure water is efficiently treated and reused (Patent Document 4).
5. In dismantling a building on which dust has accumulated, a dust prevention agent containing one or more selected from the group of water glass, colloidal silica, surfactant, natural polymer, and synthetic polymer is supplied to the dust. After solidifying the dust, the building is dismantled (Patent Document 5).
6). With the refractory material 5 attached to the inside of the peripheral wall of the incinerator, the outer metal material is brittlely destroyed with liquid nitrogen, and the refractory material is destroyed together with the metal material, thereby dismantling the incinerator device (Patent Document) 6).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-336815 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-333113 A
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-239997
[Patent Document 4]
JP 2002-177902 A
[Patent Document 5]
JP2002-155634
[Patent Document 6]
JP 2002-115821 A
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in each of the above conventional examples, there is a problem that dust scattering generated during the dismantling operation cannot be prevented, and dioxin contamination in the external environment cannot be completely prevented. Moreover, the disposal of the waste generated by dismantling the incinerator is not taken into consideration at all, and the method of reusing is not shown at all.
[0005]
In view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a dismantling treatment facility that can prevent dust generated during dismantling from being scattered to the outside and suppress dioxin contamination .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The incinerator demolition processing facility according to claim 1 is a demolition work place capable of forming and releasing airtightness, a preparation room used as a rest and material storage for workers, and a scouring for ensuring the safety of workers. chamber, protection detachable chamber, and security chamber having an air shower, a該解body workshops, and exhaust means for maintaining a negative pressure while discharging the air, in the dismantling work site, for use in washing the incinerator A high-pressure washer having a pump for discharging the primary water supplied to the high-pressure water, a water supply line connected to the outlet side of the high-pressure washer, and a nozzle connected to the tip of the water supply line Means, drainage means for discharging used cleaning water from the work site to the outside, and reused water supply for supplying the used cleaning water discharged by the drainage means to the water supply means for reuse as cleaning water and a means The demolition work site is a building having a shielding property that divides the inside and the outside so as not to disperse dust to the outside, and an airtightness that can maintain a negative pressure to the extent that dust does not leak to the outside. A door that opens and closes the entrance; and a door that opens and closes the entrance and exit of the worker, the security room is connected to the entrance and exit of the worker, and the preparation room is connected to the security room, The floor surface of the demolition work site is formed with a plurality of water collecting grooves, and a plurality of steel plates are laid on the plurality of groove walls partitioning the water collecting grooves , The reused water supply comprises a collecting drainage channel for collecting used cleaning water in the work through the water collecting groove and discharging it outside, and a drainage pit for storing the used cleaning water collected in the collecting drainage channel. Means for the drainage means A water supply line connected between the water pit and the high-pressure washing machine of the water supply means, a filter interposed in the water supply line, and a recovery pump for supplying the used cleaning water in the drainage pit to the water supply line characterized by comprising the a.
請 Motomeko 2 of incinerator slaughter facilities is the invention of claim 1, wherein, in workers working inside the dismantling work site, characterized by comprising an air supply means for supplying air for breathing .
Incinerator slaughter facility according to claim 3 is the invention of claim 1, wherein said exhaust means, characterized in that an exhaust device provided with a dust filter.
請 Motomeko 4 incinerator slaughter facilities is the invention of claim 1, wherein said air supply means comprises a compressor, an air cleaner for cleaning the supplied air in the compressor, the air cleaner An air supply line that supplies the passed air to a mask worn by an operator .
[ 0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a dismantling processing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a water supply / drainage system of the dismantling processing facility. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the floor structure of the demolition work place. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the air supply means.
[0008]
First, the basic configuration of the dismantling processing facility A will be described with reference to FIG.
Reference numeral 1 denotes a dismantling work site, which is provided with a carry-in / out port 2 for an incinerator and a worker's door 3. The specifications of the demolition work site 1 should have a shielding property that partitions the inside and the outside so that dust generated during the demolition work is not scattered to the outside, and has an airtightness that can maintain the inside at a certain level of negative pressure. . Shielding properties are required to prevent objects generated by dismantling from scattering outside. The reason why the inside of the demolition work site is set to a negative pressure is that dust generated during the demolition is mixed with air and does not leak outside. Therefore, a high negative pressure is not required, and air flow may be from the inside of the demolition work place to the inside but not from the inside to the outside.
Since airtightness is a function required to maintain the above-mentioned level of negative pressure, it does not require much strictness. That is, the air in the demolition work place 1 is exhausted by an exhaust device to be described later, but it is only necessary to allow some external air to flow into the demolition work place 1 along with it.
Therefore, the floor surface, the wall surface, and the ceiling may be normal building specifications. In addition, when the doors 2a and 3a are closed, the entrance / exit is not allowed to have a structure with a large gap so that negative pressure cannot be maintained. Furthermore, it may be a building where it is necessary to secure a necessary airtight each time by sticking a tape or the like in a gap such as a door or a window.
[0009]
The demolition work place 1 is provided with exhaust means for maintaining the inside of the place at a negative pressure. As the exhaust means, an exhaust device 10 having a large exhaust capacity using a sirocco fan, a turbo fan or the like in addition to a known blower is used. Further, it is preferable to attach a dust removing filter 11 to the exhaust device 10. The dust filter 11 is preferably a three-layer structure of a prefilter, a secondary filter, and a hepa filter. According to such a three-layer structure, the prefilter collects coarse dust, and the secondary filter adsorbs dioxins using a charcoal filter. The hepa filter uses a high-performance filter for radioactive aerosols that conforms to JIS Z 4812. Finally, 99.97% or more of dust of 0.15μ or more can be collected.
The dismantling work place 1 is provided with a high-pressure washing machine 20 constituting water supply means. The high-pressure washing machine 20 is used to wash the incinerator with water in the demolition work place 1, and details thereof will be described later.
In addition, the dismantling work place 1 is provided with a compressor 30 and an air purifier 31 constituting air supply means. The compressor 30 and the air purifier 31 supply clean air to a mask worn by a worker who works in the dismantling work place 1, and details thereof will be described later.
Further, the demolition work place 1 is provided with drainage pits 7 and drainage channels 4 constituting drainage means. These are provided to recover the water used for cleaning the incinerator and reuse it or dispose of it, the details of which will also be described later.
[0010]
In the demolition work place 1 having the above-mentioned facilities as basic facilities, a preparation room 60, a security room 70, and the like are arbitrarily provided as accompanying facilities.
The preparation room 60 is a space used as a rest room or a material storage area for workers. The security room 70 is a space in which various facilities for ensuring the safety of workers entering and leaving the dismantling workplace 1 are provided. For example, a wash room 71 equipped with a hot water shower, a mask, a helmet, gloves, and the like are protected. A protective equipment attaching / detaching chamber 72 for attaching / detaching the tools, an air shower chamber 73 for washing away dust adhering to the worker's body, and the like are provided. Protective equipment worn by workers includes respiratory protective equipment (dust mask or dust / gas mask), protective clothing (disposable sealed protective clothing), protective cap, gloves, chemical protective boots ( Safety shoes).
In the present invention, the layout of the dismantling work place 1, the preparation room 60, and the security room 70 is arbitrary and may be freely changed. In short, it is sufficient if each of the functions described above is provided.
[0011]
Next, details of the drainage means will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a drainage channel 4 is formed on the floor at one corner of the demolition work place 1. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of water collecting grooves 5 orthogonal to the drainage channel 4 are formed on the entire floor surface. The drainage channel 4 and the drainage groove 5 constitute a drainage channel.
As shown in FIG. 3, iron plates 6 are laid on the plurality of groove walls that partition the plurality of water collecting grooves 5, and the dismantling operation of the incinerator B is performed on the iron plates 6. .
The washing water used during the dismantling operation falls into the water collecting groove 5 from the gap between the iron plates 6 or from the hole drilled in the iron plate 6 and is collected in the drainage channel 4.
The used washing water collected in the drainage channel 4 flows into the drainage pit 7 and is stored. As shown in FIG. 2, the drain pit 7 is partitioned into a first tank 7a and a second tank 7b by a partition wall 7c. For this reason, the washing water that has flowed into the first tank 7a settles and accumulates solids and heavy suspended solids as sludge during the stay. And since the supernatant water of the 1st tank 7a flows in into the 2nd tank 7b, the supernatant water can be reused as washing water.
[0012]
Next, details of the water supply means will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, primary water such as tap water or industrial water is supplied to the high-pressure washing machine 20 constituting the water supply means through a primary water supply line 21. 22 is an on-off valve. The high-pressure washing machine 20 has a built-in pump that discharges primary water into high-pressure water. 23 is a water supply line such as a hose connected to the outlet side of the high pressure washer 20, and 24 is a nozzle connected to the tip of the water supply line. In FIG. 2, only one water supply line 23 is shown, but it is possible to provide as many as necessary. The nozzle 24 is preferably used so that the operator can hold it in his / her hand and arbitrarily control the spraying speed and spraying range of the cleaning water.
[0013]
Next, a reuse water supply means for cleaning water will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, a secondary water supply line 25 is provided between the drain pit 7 and the primary water supply line 21 of the high pressure washer 20, and a recovery pump 26, a filter 27, and an on-off valve are provided in the secondary water supply line 25. 28 is interposed. The drainage pit side of the secondary water supply line 25 is opened at a position where the upper layer portion in the second tank 7b of the drainage pit 7 is sucked up, and when the recovery pump 26 is driven, the used washing water is directed toward the high pressure washer 20. The water can be supplied. At this time, the used washing water is filtered by the filter 27 and can be supplied with water that is cleaner than the water in the drain pit 7.
In this way, since the wash water once used is reused, the use amount of the wash water can be saved, and the amount of drainage to the outside can also be reduced.
[0014]
Next, details of the air supply means will be described.
The air purifier 31 shown in FIG. 4 is a device that receives supply of air from the compressor 30, purifies air with a built-in filter, and sends it out to an appropriate pressure. An air supply line 32 using a hose or the like is connected to the supply port of the air cleaner 31, and the tip of the air supply line 32 is connected to a mask 33 worn by an operator.
In the example shown in the figure, only one air supply line 32 is shown, but only a necessary number of air supply lines 32 may be connected.
By providing the air supply line 32 described above, it is possible to let a worker who is working work to dismantle the incinerator B without harming health even in an environment where dust is scattered. This air supply means is effective when the amount of dust scattered is large, but may be used when the amount of dust is small.
[0015]
Next, a method for dismantling the incinerator using the dismantling processing facility A will be described.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the disassembly processing method of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the industrial waste processing step of the present invention.
1: Import process (101)
The door 2a of the carry-in / out port 2 shown in FIG. 1 is opened, the incinerator is carried into the demolition work place 1, and the door 2a is closed. In addition, a worker wears necessary protective equipment such as a mask, a helmet, and gloves in the security room 70 and enters the hall through the door 3a of the entrance 3.
2: Airtight preparation process (102)
In order to ensure the airtightness of the doors 2a, 3a and windows of the demolition work place 1, measures such as closing them off securely or covering them with gummed tape as necessary are taken.
3: Negative pressure maintenance process (103)
The exhaust device 10 is operated to exhaust the air in the work place. Thus, the inside of the work place has a light negative pressure, and even if air flows into the work place from outside the work place through the gap, the air inside does not flow out to the outside. For this reason, even if dust is generated during the work, it does not flow out of the work place, so that contamination of the external environment can be prevented.
The negative pressure can be controlled by controlling the operation of the exhaust device 10 while checking the negative pressure level with the negative pressure monitoring panel 13 in which the barometer 12 provided in the dismantling work place 1 is installed in the preparation chamber 60. .
This process is continued during the process of cleaning, dismantling and separating the incinerator.
4: Recovery process in the work process (104)
Incinerators that are to be discarded must first remove and collect deposits such as ash, soot, and non-combustible waste generated during use. This collection operation may be performed manually, or a tool such as an electric vacuum may be used.
5: Cleaning process in work process (105)
Next, the entire incinerator and the details are washed with water. For this purpose, it is preferable to use a high-pressure washing machine 20 as shown in FIG. The high-pressure washing machine 20 pressurizes and discharges water supplied from the primary water supply line 21 with a built-in pump, and ejects the water from the nozzle 24 through the water supply line 23. For this reason, the incinerator B can be washed to every corner.
The water used for washing is guided to the drain pit 7 through the water collecting groove 5 and the drainage channel 4.
6: Dismantling and separation process in the work process (106)
The incinerator after cleaning is dismantled and divided into non-ferrous parts such as iron parts and refractory bricks. Moreover, the thing with a large iron part is made small to an appropriate dimension. As a tool for this purpose, an electric tool such as a baby sander, a tip saw cutter, or an electric hammer can be used in addition to a hand tool such as a hammer or a chisel.
Dust is generated from the incinerator during this dismantling operation, but when the amount of generated dust is large, air supply means may be used to protect workers. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when the compressor 30 is generated and the air cleaned by the air cleaner 31 is sent to the mask 33 worn by the worker M through the air supply line 32, the worker M is not contaminated. You can continue working while breathing with air.
7: Pressure release process (107)
When the demolition work is completed and dust and the like are settled, the airtightness of the demolition work place 1 is released. Specifically, the operation of the exhaust device 10 is stopped, the weather tape or the like is removed as necessary, and the doors 2a and 3a and the window are opened.
8: Unloading process (108)
Dismantled scraps (referring to iron parts of incinerators, refractory bricks, etc.) are taken out of the workplace.
9: Industrial waste treatment process (120)
The discharged waste is processed as industrial waste, which can be reused and cannot be reused. Details thereof will be described later.
[0016]
Next, the waste water treatment (110) will be described.
The water used in the washing step (105) is reused for washing by the reuse water supply means shown in FIG. That is, the water in the drain pit 7 is sucked up by the recovery pump 26 and supplied to the high pressure washer 20 through the filter 27. In this way, since the used washing water is reused, the use of the primary water is reduced. In addition to the wastewater reused as described above, the chart 110 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the waste is divided into one that is discharged as it is, and one that is sludge collected at the bottom of the drainage pit 7 and one that performs high-concentration wastewater, which will be described later.
[0017]
Next, details of the industrial waste processing step (120) will be described with reference to FIG.
Industrial waste treatment is divided into wastewater treatment and incinerator waste material treatment.
Of the wastewater treatment, water that cannot be reused or drained is either high-concentration wastewater or sludge, so it is treated for industrial waste. Those to be dismantled by-products will be managed at the stable final disposal site or the managed final disposal site. Items that are treated as hazardous substances will be detoxified and then managed at a managed final disposal site.
[0018]
Incinerator waste is divided into iron parts, refractories, residual ash, etc., and these are classified into dismantling by-product processing or hazardous material processing under the following conditions.
・ Residual ash separation conditions;
Since it contains dioxins, treat it as a hazardous substance.
-Refractory separation conditions;
After removing residual ash, etc. adhering to the surface by high-pressure washing, those containing 3 ng / g or less of dioxins can be buried in the stable final disposal site, and anything beyond that is treated as hazardous.
・ Separation conditions such as iron scraps;
Both front and back surfaces are treated as harmless by-products after removing deposits by high-pressure washing.
・ Separation conditions for washing water;
10 pg-TEQ / L or less can be drained.
However, it is difficult to satisfy the above, and it is often handled as a harmful substance.
・ Separation conditions for washing water sludge;
Since it contains dioxins, treat it as a hazardous substance.
And the thing processed by the dismantling by-product is reused as a recycled product, or is stored at a disposal site. Disposal site storage can be divided into items stored at a stable final disposal site and items stored at a managed final disposal site.
In addition, in order to make harmless substances, the substances to be treated are melted, solidified or incinerated at high temperature, or stored at a managed final disposal site.
In this way, the waste materials that cannot be used are finally disposed of while partially reusing the used waste materials, so that environmental pollution can be prevented while efficiently using the waste materials.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to invention of Claim 1, there exists the following effect.
(A) Since the incinerator is dismantled by making the inside of the dismantling work place airtight and negative pressure, the dust generated at that time can be prevented from being scattered outside.
(B) In such a state, the incinerator can be efficiently washed with the washing water supplied by the water supply means, and the used washing water can be discharged to the outside by the drainage means, so that the next operation can be started immediately. .
(C) Since the security room has the protective equipment attaching / detaching room, the worker can start the dismantling work after wearing the necessary protective equipment in a safe environment. In addition, the security room is connected to the dismantling work place at the doorway and has a washing room and an air shower room. Can return to and prevent body contamination.
(D) Since the water used for cleaning is collected in the water collecting groove through the gaps in the iron plate, water does not collect.
(E) Since used washing water can be stored in the drain pit, the inside of the demolition work site is not contaminated and can be reused.
By (f) recycling water supply means, so once available again as wash water wash water used, water can be efficiently used without wasting use.
(G) Since the used cleaning water stored in the drain pit can be supplied to the high pressure washer by the recovery pump and the recovery line, and dirt can be removed by a filter in the middle, the clean water can be reused as cleaning water.
According to the invention of claim 2 , even if there is a lot of dust generated during the dismantling operation, air that is not contaminated by the workers can be supplied by the air supply means, so that the dismantling of the incinerator can be performed without harming the health of the workers. Can do.
According to the invention of claim 3 , since the exhaust device is provided with a dust removal filter, when exhausting the inside of the demolition work place to a negative pressure, the dust generated during the dismantling is taken out to pollute the environment. Not .
According to the invention of 請 Motomeko 4, air pressurized by the compressor, because it is escorted to the mask wearing workers through the air supply line, can workers to comfortably breathe, work efficiency Can be increased .
[ Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a dismantling processing facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a water supply / drainage system of a dismantling treatment facility.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a floor structure of a demolition work place.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of air supply means.
Is a flowchart of disassembling process method using the disassembly processing equipment of the present invention; FIG.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an industrial waste treatment process using the dismantling treatment facility of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Dismantling treatment facility 1 Demolition work place 4 Drainage channel 5 Catchment channel 7 Drainage pit 10 Exhaust device 11 Dust removal filter 20 High pressure washer 30 Compressor 31 Air washer

Claims (4)

A demolition workshop that can form and release airtightness,
A preparation room to be used as a rest and material storage for workers;
A security room having a washing room, a protective equipment attaching / detaching room, an air shower room for ensuring the safety of workers,
Exhaust means capable of maintaining a negative pressure while discharging air in the dismantling work place;
A high pressure washer having a pump for discharging the primary water supplied for use in washing the incinerator into high pressure water in the demolition work place, and a water supply line connected to the outlet side of the high pressure washer Water supply means comprising a nozzle connected to the tip of the water supply line ;
Drainage means for discharging the used cleaning water from the inside of the workplace to the outside ;
A reused water supply means for supplying the used cleaning water discharged by the drainage means to the water supply means for reuse as cleaning water ;
The demolition work site is a building having a shielding property that divides the inside and the outside so as not to disperse dust to the outside, and an airtightness that can maintain a negative pressure to the extent that dust does not leak to the outside. A door that opens and closes the entrance, and a door that opens and closes the entrance and exit of the worker,
The security room is connected to the entrance of the worker, the preparation room is connected to the security room,
The floor surface of the demolition workshop is formed with a plurality of water collecting grooves, and a plurality of iron plates are laid on the plurality of groove walls partitioning the water collecting grooves,
The drainage means collects the used cleaning water in the dismantling operation through the water collecting groove and discharges it to the outside, and a drain pit for storing the used cleaning water collected in the drainage channel. Consists of
The reused water supply means includes a water supply line connected between a drainage pit of the drainage means and a high-pressure washing machine of the water supply means, a filter interposed in the water supply line, and a used water in the drainage pit slaughter equipment wash water incinerator, characterized in that <br/> comprising a collecting pump for supplying the water supply line. 2. An incinerator demolition treatment facility according to claim 1, further comprising air supply means for supplying breathing air to a worker working in the demolition work place. 2. An incinerator demolition treatment facility according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust means is an exhaust device provided with a dust filter . The air supply means comprises a compressor, an air cleaner for cleaning the air supplied by the compressor, and an air supply line for supplying air passed through the air cleaner to a mask worn by an operator. The incinerator dismantling processing facility according to claim 1 .

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