JP2003063918A - Method of manufacturing rice bran pellet and rice bran pellet-molding apparatus for use in the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the application efficiency of rice bran used for weeding paddies. SOLUTION: Water is added to rice bran (raw bran), the mixture is kneaded and is adjusted to a certain moisture content. The moisturized rice bran is supplied to a pellet-molding extruder 3, molded into a pellet and then dried. The pellet-molding extruder 3 is comprised of a feed cylinder 5 and a disk 6 disposed at the front end of the feed cylinder 5. The feed cylinder 5 is equipped with a pressure screw 8 comprising a transfer spiral blade 10 and a pressure spiral blade, and the disk 6 has a rotary cutter 13 and an extruding hole 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for pelletizing rice bran, which is used as a weeding method for weeds without damaging rice, and an apparatus for molding rice bran pellets used for the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, rice bran has come to be used as a method for removing weeds without damaging the rice. This is because when plant organic fertilizers such as rice bran and oil dregs, which are used as organic fertilizers, are applied to the soil in a raw state and immediately planted, germination damage and growth are caused by organic acids generated when decomposed by microorganisms. Since it causes damage, it is a method that reversely uses this action to suppress the germination and growth of weeds.

It is often not known yet about the weeding action of surface application of rice bran, but when rice bran is sprayed, microorganisms rapidly grow on it and the soil surface layer temporarily undergoes strong reduction (oxygen). It is said that the weeding action is particularly strong due to acidification of the soil surface due to the large amount of lactic acid bacteria generated and rooting inhibition effect by organic acids such as butyric acid. It is also believed that when organic acids are decomposed to increase the amount of sugars and amino acids, algae, floating grasses and the like are generated, and the light shielding effect suppresses grass. In addition, the sprinkled rice bran continues to ferment slowly, eventually having the effect of two birds with one stone, which becomes an organic fertilizer that is essential for the growth of rice.

Generally, rice bran has been conventionally applied immediately after rice planting or at the same time. As a method for applying rice bran, rice bran is poured in a powder form from a water spout or is sprayed using a spraying machine. And today, the number of places where rice bran is applied is increasing, and its effect is being highly evaluated.

[0005]

The application of rice bran in rice cultivation is becoming widespread. However, the application is to spread rice bran in a powdery state as described above in order to spread it as uniformly as possible over the rice field. , I choose to do it when there is no wind, but since it can be gathered by the wind after spraying and it is difficult to make it uniform, it is also possible to spray moistened scrap rice with rice bran and spray it. ing.
In addition, in the method of pouring rice bran from the water spout, use rice bran that is as dry and oily as possible, and do it on a calm day or when there is a slight breeze flowing from the spout toward the bottom of the rice. Instead of dropping a large amount, pour half the amount while observing the state of rice bran spreading, and after a while, pour the other half, and finally hand over to the thin part.

According to the present invention, in the above-mentioned conventional rice bran spraying, the amount of spraying is large and there are many labor problems, and the spraying tends to be biased due to wind and the like, and the rice bran is dispersed throughout the paddy field to reduce dissolved oxygen. There was a problem that it might damage small animals in the paddy field, so it was made to improve this, and it is easy to do by using a power spreader by pelletizing rice bran powder. The method for producing rice bran pellets and the compact and low-power rice bran pellets molding used for this method, which enables uniform and even spraying, and which can be applied easily, reliably and efficiently without being affected by wind. Is to provide a machine.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research in order to achieve the above object. However, by pelletizing rice bran, the spraying labor can be greatly reduced and uniform spraying can be achieved. We have succeeded in developing an effective method for producing rice bran pellets and a device used for this, which is small and can be easily and reliably molded into pellets,
The present invention has been completed.

The structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the manufacturing method of claim 1, water is added to rice bran and kneaded to adjust the rice bran to a predetermined water content. A step of forming a pellet by extrusion molding,
The method is characterized by comprising the step of drying the pellet molded product.

Further, the manufacturing method according to claim 2 is the method according to claim 1, wherein the rice bran has a water content of 25 to 25 at the time of kneading the rice bran.
The feature is that water is added so as to be 35%.

Further, the manufacturing method of claim 3 is the method of claim 1, wherein soybean dregs okara is added at the time of kneading the rice bran, and the mixture of the kneaded rice bran and soybean dregs okara is hydrated. It is characterized by adding soybean shavings okara to a ratio of 25 to 35%.

Further, the manufacturing method according to claim 4 is the method according to claim 1, wherein when the rice bran is kneaded, a vegetable solid accelerator is added so that the water content of the mixture becomes 25 to 35%. It is characterized by adding water.

Further, the molding apparatus of claim 5 is provided with a rice bran supply unit and a pellet forming unit, and the supplying unit is provided with a hopper and an agitating chamber having an agitating rotor in series to form a pellet forming unit. In the feeding tube, which is connected to the agitating chamber and has a disk having a large number of extrusion holes at the front end, is installed a spiral blade for transfer on the rear side communicating with the agitating chamber and a spiral for pressurization on the front side. It is characterized in that it is provided with a pressure screw provided with blades, and a cutter that is joined to the outer surface of the disk to rotate.

The molding apparatus according to a sixth aspect is the apparatus according to the fifth aspect, characterized in that a water spray means is provided in the stirring chamber.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method for producing rice bran pellets of the present invention comprises a rice bran produced by rice polishing (raw rice bran or a storage bran which has passed a certain time) as a main material, and a process of adding water to this and stirring and kneading. A step of forming the kneaded product into pellets and a step of drying the formed product.

When the rice bran is molded into pellets, it is necessary to add water to the rice bran to adjust the rice bran to a predetermined water content, because the rice bran itself is hard to solidify, and the water content and oil content in the rice bran are required. Can be used as a binder to realize molding. The moisture content of rice bran required to form pellets is 25
It is about 35%, preferably about 30%. When rice bran is used as rice bran, the oil content is about 20% by weight, so the amount of water added is 15 to 100 rice bran.
It is good to set it to about 25% by weight, preferably about 20% by weight.
When the water content is low, the binder effect between water and oil is low, solid molding is less likely to occur, and the pellet molding machine also requires a large amount of power and cannot be downsized. If the water content is too high,
The formed pellets themselves are soft and the pellet shape cannot be maintained, and it takes time to dry. In this stirring and kneading step, it is necessary to add water to rice bran or the like and mix them uniformly as a pre-operation for pelletizing, and the water content of the kneaded rice bran or the like is an important point in pelletizing. In particular, when pelletizing raw rice bran, since rice bran contains an oil and fat component, even if water is added, it will not be a uniform pellet material unless it is well stirred.

In addition, in the present invention, instead of the above-mentioned water, soybean squeezed soybean shavings containing a large amount of water, okara (snow flowers, auhana, hereinafter referred to as okara) can be used. In this case, the mixture ratio of rice bran and okara is 40 to 50% so that the water content of the mixture of rice bran and okara is about 25 to 35%, preferably about 30%, as described above.
Adjust by adding about wt%.

Further, in the method of the present invention, the rice bran may be added with a vegetable solid accelerator (jumping agent) in an amount of about 5 to 20% by weight. As a result, it becomes harder to mold than the pellets molded from only rice bran. Wheat flour, rice flour, and the like are generally used as the tonic agent. Further, when pelletizing a mixture of rice bran and a plant tonics, a water content of 10 to 25% by weight with respect to the mixture of the rice bran and the tonics is preferable. Thereby, the water content of the mixture with the jumpsuit is adjusted to 25-35%.

The rice bran and water or okara are uniformly mixed using a mixer or the like. If the mixing is insufficient, the bran may be clogged in the subsequent compression molding, or the binding of the bran powder particles to each other may be uneven, and the predetermined molded pellets may be easily broken. The mixer is, for example, a vertical type in which a stirring blade is projected on an upright rotating shaft, a horizontal type in which a stirring blade is projected on a horizontal axis, or a mixing type in which a stirring blade is provided in a rotating barrel. A mixer or the like is used, but the mixer is not limited to this.

The hydrated rice bran or a mixture of rice bran and okara or a mixture of rice bran and a vegetable varnish (hereinafter referred to as rice bran) is sent to a molding step. As a molding apparatus, generally, an extrusion type (compression extrusion type) or an embossing type is used, but in this case, it is preferable to use an extrusion type that can give a strong pressing force to rice bran. . In the extrusion-type molding device, since the rod-shaped pellet material is continuously extruded, a pellet-molded product can be obtained by using a device provided with a means for cutting the rod-shaped pellet material into a desired length. The size of the pellet molded product is 4 to 6 mm in diameter and 5 to 5 mm in length if it is manually sown.
It may be 8 mm, but the diameter is 4 to 5 mm and the length is 5 to 6 m in order to put it in a sprayer and sow it.
It is preferably about m.

If the pellet molded product taken out from the molding machine is left as it is, fermentation begins, and thus it is dried. In addition, this allows the pellets to be solidified to have a hardness suitable for spraying, and can be stored for a long period of time. The drying treatment can be performed by a conventionally known method. For example, it may be natural drying in the sun or natural drying in a house, and may be carried out using a dryer such as a flat dryer or a rotary kiln dryer. The drying is preferably performed to a water content of about 10%.
The dried rice bran pellets can be stored by putting them in a non-breathable bag, and can be taken out when necessary and sprayed appropriately.

Next, an embodiment of a rice bran pellet forming apparatus will be described. This apparatus is particularly configured to be suitable for farmers to produce rice bran pellets on their own. FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the apparatus, and FIG. 3 shows another embodiment thereof. It is a thing.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a box-shaped machine, in which a rice bran supply unit 2 and a pellet molding unit 3 are arranged. The pellet molding unit 3 has a spiral blade 10 for transfer with a coarse pitch in a feed cylinder 5 in which a disk 6 having a large number of extrusion holes 7 is detachably attached to a front end thereof, a rear side of a rotary shaft 9, A pressure screw 8 is provided on the front side of which a spiral pitching blade 11 having a fine pitch is provided so as to project, and the tip of the rotary shaft 9 is projected from the disc 6.
The base end of the rotary shaft 9 is connected to the motor 12.

The portion of the rotary shaft 9 protruding from the disk 6 is joined to the outer surface of the disk 6 while the rotary shaft 9 is being joined.
A cutter (13) which rotates together with the cutter (14) is provided in a state in which the pressing force is held by the action of a spring (15) that compresses by hitting the knob (14). Further, a supply port 16 communicating with the supply unit 2 is opened above the rear portion of the transfer cylinder 5. It should be noted that elastic rubber or the like can be used in place of the spring 15 as a means for holding the pressure contact force of the cutter 13. Further, the pressing spiral blade 11 can be formed by a double winding. As a result, the rice bran or the like in the pellet molding section 3 receives pressure due to the compression action of the pressurizing spiral blade 11, but the reaction force is uniformly received by the double-winding spiral blade, and shaft runout can be prevented.

The supply unit 2 is provided with a hopper 21 and a stirring chamber 22 that follows the hopper 21, and the lower end of the stirring chamber 22 is the above-mentioned feed cylinder 5.
Of the rotating shaft 9 in the stirring chamber 22.
A stirring rotor (23) having a stirring blade (25) is installed on a shaft rod (24) rotated by the drive of the. Further, in the lower part of the hopper 21, a coarse hopper net 26 for protection is provided.

In the apparatus having the above construction, rice bran or the like is put into the hopper 21. In this case, rice bran or the like used is adjusted to have a water content of about 25 to 35% necessary for forming pellets, but when raw bran is used, it is usually 10
20% by weight of water may be added to 0. Hopper 21
Rice bran, etc., which have been put into the
Run down to. In the stirring chamber 22, the rotation of the stirring rotor 23,
Raw bran and the added water are evenly mixed and supplied from the supply port 16 into the rear portion of the feed cylinder 5 of the pellet molding unit 3. In the apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a stirring chamber 22 is provided so as to be suitable when water is added to raw rice bran.
However, when using materials such as rice bran adjusted to a predetermined water content, the stirring chamber 22 is excluded,
The lower end opening of the hopper 21 may be directly connected to the supply port 16. Further, even with the one having the stirring chamber 22, there is no problem in using rice bran or the like adjusted to a predetermined water content.

The rice bran or the like supplied to the feed tube 5 is sent by the transfer spiral blade 10 to a portion where the pressurizing spiral blade 11 having a fine pitch is provided, and is mixed more uniformly by the twist effect,
The disk 6 provided at the front end is reached. During that time, due to the difference in the feed speed (feed amount) of both spiral blades 10 and 11, surplus rice bran or the like sent by the transfer spiral blade 10 has a kneading effect due to the action of returning to the supply port 16 and the rice bran or the like is further kneaded. Along with the pressure, it is pressed into the push-out hole 7 in the disk 6, and becomes a rod shape in a compressed state to be discharged from the push-out hole 7 to the outside. Then, due to the cutting action by the rotation of the cutter 13 joined to the outer surface of the disk 6, a pellet molded product having a predetermined length is obtained. Since the above-mentioned disc 6 is detachable, if a plurality of types of discs 6 having different diameters of the extrusion holes 7 are prepared, they can be replaced as necessary to obtain a rice bran pellet molded product having a required diameter. .

The apparatus of the present invention can be provided with a means for adding water to the rice bran introduced. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment thereof. In this embodiment, a spray nozzle 17 for injecting water is provided in the stirring chamber 22, and a water supply pipe 18 from a water source (such as a tap of a water supply) is connected to the spray nozzle 17. And
The water addition pipe 18 is provided with a valve 19 located near the spray nozzle 17 for adjusting the amount of water. The spray nozzle 17 is preferably provided near the stirring rotor 23 where rice bran and spray water are easily mixed.

As described above, by providing the water adding means, it is possible to eliminate the use of a mixer necessary as a pre-work for pellet molding. In the apparatus of this embodiment, by continuously supplying rice bran or the like, pellet forming work can be continuously performed, and work efficiency can be improved. As shown in the chain line in FIG. 3, the water adding means can use the shaft 24 of the stirring rotor 23 as a hollow shaft having a spray hole, connect the water adding pipe 18 to this, and spray water from the shaft 24.

[0029]

As described above, according to the production method of the present invention, water is added to rice bran to adjust it to a water content suitable for pellet molding, and the rice bran is subjected to a pressurization and extrusion method. Since it is dried after being molded into pellets using a molding device, it can be easily and cheaply manufactured into pellets of rice bran that can be easily handled, such as being able to be used for a power sprayer when spraying pellets. Like As a result, the rice bran can be applied efficiently and effectively without being affected by the weather such as wind.

In addition to the herbicidal effect by pelletizing the mixture of rice bran and okara, the range of utilization as an organic fertilizer that supplements the organic fertilizer component which is insufficient when rice bran is used as a fertilizer with rice fertilization spread.

Further, by pelletizing a mixture of rice bran and a vegetable solid accelerator, pellets made only of rice bran can give harder pellets that are less likely to lose their shape during handling after drying. Widely used as a bran pellet for spraying equipment other than.

According to the pellet molding machine of the present invention,
Using a pressure screw with a coarse-pitch transfer spiral blade next to a fine-pitch press spiral blade, the rice bran is pressed and fed to a disk provided at the front end of the feed tube while applying the beating and compression to the disk. Since the cutting is repeated with the cutter while extruding from the discharge hole, pellets of rice bran having a predetermined diameter and length can be reliably and continuously produced efficiently. Further, the device has a simple structure, can be made small and inexpensive, and is suitable for being provided as a private machine for rice bran users.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a front end portion of the molding portion.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing a main part of another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 aircraft 2 supply section 3 Pellet molding department 5 feed tube 6 discs 7 Extrusion hole 8 Pressure screw 9 rotation axis 10 and 11 spiral wings 13 Rotating cutter 14 knob 15 spring 16 Supply port 17 Spray nozzle 18 water pipe 19 valves 21 hopper 22 Stir chamber 23 stirring rotor 24 axes 25 stirring blade

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 29, 2001 (2001.8.2)
9)

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4G035 AB46                 4G078 AA02 AB05 BA01 DA01                 4H011 AB02 BA01 BB22 BC18 BC22                       DA03 DC05 DC07 DC08 DD01

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A step of adding water to the rice bran and kneading to adjust the rice bran to a predetermined water content, a step of extruding the hydrolyzed rice bran into pellets, and a step of drying the pellet molded product. A method for producing rice bran pellets, comprising: 2. When the rice bran is kneaded, the rice bran has a water content of 25 to 35.
% Of water is added, The manufacturing method of the rice bran pellet of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. When soybean dregs are added at the time of kneading rice bran, soybean dregs are added so that the water content of the kneaded rice bran and soybean dregs okara mixture is 25 to 35%. 2. The method for producing rice bran pellets according to claim 1, wherein the rice bran pellets are added. 4. The rice bran pellet according to claim 1, wherein a vegetable solid accelerator is added at the time of kneading the rice bran, and water is added so that the water content of the mixture becomes 25 to 35%. Manufacturing method. 5. A rice bran supply unit and a pellet forming unit are provided, and the supplying unit is provided with a stirring chamber having a hopper and a stirring rotor, and the pellet forming unit communicates with the stirring chamber. In a feed cylinder having a disc having a large number of extrusion holes at the front end, a transfer screw blade is provided on the rear side communicating with the stirring chamber, and a pressure screw having a pressurizing spiral blade is provided on the front side. And a cutter that is joined to the outer surface of the disk to rotate, and is provided with a cutter for rotating rice bran pellets. 6. The apparatus for molding rice bran pellets according to claim 2, wherein the stirring chamber is provided with water spraying means.