JP2002524980A - Image communication device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] The present invention is an image communication apparatus including an image sensor, an image processor for receiving image data from the image sensor, and an output port for providing an output of processed image data from the image processor. Thus, there is disclosed an image communication device, wherein the image sensor, the image processor, and the output port are all incorporated in a single integrated circuit chip.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to communication devices and methods, and more particularly to image communication.

[0002] Conventional imaging systems utilize separate discrete components for capturing, storing, processing and transmitting images. As a result, currently used image forming systems are relatively large and expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide an integrated image forming system which is relatively small and inexpensive, and which can be used for applications which could not be used before because of the size and cost of the existing system. It is.

Accordingly, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an image communication device comprising an image sensor, an image processor for receiving image data from the image sensor, and an output port for providing a processed image data output from the image processor. An image communication device is provided wherein the image sensor, image processor and output port are all integrated on a single integrated circuit chip.

Further, the image communication device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention further includes a memory for storing at least one of image data and processed image data, and the memory includes the image sensor, the image processor, and the memory. Together with the output port, it is integrated into the single integrated circuit chip. Additionally or alternatively, the image communication device of the present invention also comprises a modem coupled to the output port for communicating the processed image data, the modem comprising a single unit with the image sensor, the image processor and the output port. Integrated circuit chip.

[0006] The image communication device of the present invention preferably also comprises a wireless transmitter for communicating said processed image data, said wireless transmitter being a single unit with said image sensor, image processor and output port. Integrated circuit chip.

[0007] Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image communication device also comprises a wireless receiver, the wireless receiver, together with said image sensor, image processor and output port, said single integrated device. It is built into the circuit chip.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, an image sensor functions as at least one of the nodes of the wireless voice communication network, and communicates image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network. An automatic communication actuator operable to automatically operate the transmitter to communicate an image from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network in response to an event occurring; An image communication device provided with the same is provided.

Further, the image communication apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a receiver which functions as at least a part of a node of the wireless voice communication network and serves to communicate along the wireless voice communication network. I have.

Further, the image communication device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a modem coupled to at least the transmitter.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wireless voice communication network is a cellular telephone network.

[0012] The wireless voice communication network is preferably a cellular radio network.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wireless voice communication network is a pager network.

[0014] Additionally or alternatively, the wireless voice network is a satellite communication network.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the event is an event detected by the image sensor.

[0016] The event is an operation input from the external source through the wireless voice network.
actuation input).

Further or alternatively, the operation input is a question input.

Further, the system of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an image analyzer that receives the image data and provides an image analysis output.

The image analysis output is preferably provided to the transmitter transmitting along the wireless voice network.

Additionally or alternatively, the image analysis output is provided to a communication actuator that indicates an event.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image analyzer includes a dynamic event recognizer that recognizes the occurrence of a predetermined motion event.

The image analysis output preferably includes a notification of the occurrence of a predetermined motion event.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the image analysis output is the identity of a person skilled in the art of the predetermined motion event detected by the sensor.
Includes the display of

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, said identity of the person skilled in the art comprises an identification label of the inanimate object.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least the image sensor includes:
Forming a part of an image communication assembly comprising an image sensor, an image processor for receiving image data from the image sensor, and an output port for providing processed image data output from the image processor; and The image processor and the output ports are all integrated in a single integrated circuit chip.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention further comprising a memory for storing at least one of the image data and the processed image data, the memory includes the image sensor, the image processor, and the output port. Together with the single integrated circuit chip.

[0027] Further, in a preferred embodiment of the invention comprising a modem coupled to said output port for communicating said processed image data, said modem comprises said image sensor, said image processor and said output port. Together with the single integrated circuit chip.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprising a wireless transmitter for communicating processed image data, the wireless transmitter, together with the image sensor, the image processor and the output port, comprises the single integrated device It is built into the circuit chip.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprising a radio receiver, said radio receiver is integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port on said single integrated circuit chip Have been.

Additionally or alternatively, the image analysis output provides image data indicative of a portion of the image detected by the image sensor. The portion of the image is preferably selected by an image analysis output based on the image content.

Additionally or alternatively, the image analysis output provides information derived by an image analyzer from the image detected by the image sensor.

[0032] The image communication device of the present invention preferably converts the data provided by the image sensor into:
It has a data compressor that compresses it before transmitting it.

Preferably, the traffic monitoring system comprises an image communication device in which at least one image sensor is directed to the traffic site and traffic information is communicated to a location remote from the traffic site.

[0034] Additionally or alternatively, the image communication device includes a plurality of image communication units arranged at different positions, and receives traffic information from the plurality of image communication units, and then transmits the information to a central unit. It has at least one local unit that performs

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the traffic monitoring system serves to communicate the number of vehicles at the traffic site over time.

Further, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the traffic monitoring system is operative to communicate an indication of the speed of the vehicle at the traffic site.

Further, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a traffic monitoring system is operable to communicate an indication of the distance between nearby vehicles at a traffic site.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a traffic violation report generator that operates in response to communication of information obtained from the image detected by the image sensor.

[0039] Preferably, there is also provided a parking space availability indicator responsive to communication of information obtained from the image detected by the image sensor.

Further, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one image sensor has a sensing relationship with a meter indicator that requires reading.
An automatic remote meter reading system is provided that includes an image communication device for transmitting information obtained from the image sensor to a location remote from the meter. Preferably, the image communication device of the present invention comprises a plurality of image communication units arranged at different positions and serves to receive meter reading information from said plurality of image communication units and transmit said information to a central unit. It has at least one local unit.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said at least one local unit communicates with a central unit via a wireless voice communication network.

According to yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a data entry assembly mounted on a shopping cart; a sensor for monitoring the entry of an object into the shopping cart; and whether to use the data entry assembly. If there is no entry of data relating to a particular object, an indication of the incorporation of the object into the shopping cart is displayed. An automatic verification system for use with a shopping cart comprising an indicator coupled to the sensor.

Further, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sensor for monitoring the entry of the object into the shopping cart is operable to monitor the removal of the object from the shopping cart, and wherein the indicator comprises: It serves to indicate removal from the shopping cart.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the sensor cannot reliably identify the product, the sensor serves to provide an image output to a control center for further analysis.

Preferably, the control center comprises an automatic image analyzer and a human operated image analyzer capable of classifying images containing products.

Preferably, both the data entry assembly and the sensor utilize a single optical input device.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle mounted pre-collision sensor for detecting an impending collision; a vehicle-mounted collision for detecting a vehicle impact exceeding a predetermined impact threshold A vehicle occupancy indicator coupled to the vehicle occupancy pre-crash sensor and the vehicle occupancy sensor for communicating to a remote location the occurrence of a vehicle airbag activation event and indicating the position of the vehicle at the time of the activation event. A provided automatic accident reporting system is provided.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annunciator forms a node of a cellular communication system for automatically indicating the position of the vehicle.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annunciator is coupled to a GPS which automatically indicates the position of the vehicle.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle mounted pre-collision sensor for detecting an imminent collision; a vehicle mounted collision sensor for detecting a vehicle shock exceeding a predetermined shock threshold; An automatic accident comprising: a vehicle mounted pre-crash sensor; and a vehicle mounted notifier coupled to the vehicle mounted collision sensor for communicating the occurrence of a vehicle impact to a remote location and indicating a position of the vehicle at the time of the vehicle impact. A reporting system is provided.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annunciator forms a node of a cellular communication system for automatically indicating a position of a vehicle.

Additionally or alternatively, the notifying device automatically displays a position of the vehicle by a GPS.
Is joined to.

Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a parking monitor indicating the presence or identity of a vehicle parked at a predetermined location; and receiving information from said parking monitor and providing the user with the information A parking monitoring system is provided that includes a billing system for billing a parking fee based on information.

Also, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a parking monitor for displaying the identity of a vehicle parked at a predetermined position; the user's vehicle is parked at a predetermined position, and A payment receiving system for receiving payment; and a payment verification system for receiving information from the vehicle monitor and from the payment receiving system requesting a user to pay a parking fee based on the information from the vehicle monitor. A parking monitoring system is provided.

The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a simplified exemplary drawing of an integrated imaging system 10 formed on a single integrated circuit chip 12, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Preferably, the integrated imaging system 10 includes an image sensor 14, such as a two-dimensional CMOS sensor, such as a Tower Semicondactor.
Ltd., Intel & Hyundai and other semiconductor suppliers. The CMO
It is known that S has an analog processing function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, system 10 includes an image processor 16 that receives image data from image sensor 14. A CMOS image processor is called TMS320C1x from Texas Instruments and Motorola
It is marketed by the company under the name DSP561xx. Image processor 16 is preferably coupled to output port 18, which is connected to image processor 16.
To provide an output of processed image data.

A particular feature of the present invention is that the image sensor 14, image processor 16 and output port 18 are all integrated on a single integrated circuit chip.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said single integrated circuit chip 12 also preferably comprises a memory 20 for storing at least one of said image data and said processed image data.

Further, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single integrated circuit chip 12
Preferably comprises a modem 22 coupled to the output port 18 for communicating said processed image data. CMOS modems are commercially available, for example, from Motorola under the names MC145442 and MC145443. Further, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the processed image data is communicated to a single integrated circuit chip 12 with image sensor 14, image processor 16, output port 18, and modem 22. Built-in wireless transmitter 24
Is provided.

The image communication device shown in FIG. 1 includes a wireless receiver 26, and the wireless receiver 26
The modem 22, the input port 27, the image sensor 14, the image processor 16 and the output port are integrated together into a single integrated circuit chip 12. Receiver 26 is preferably utilized to receive control input from an external source that controls the operation of other components of chip 12.

[0062] Transmitter 24 and receiver 26 may share a single antenna, for example, internal antenna 28, or may utilize separate antennas. An external antenna (not shown) may be utilized by transmitter 24 or receiver 26.

A particular feature of the present invention is that the integration of the entire imaging system on a single chip provides a relatively compact and low cost imaging system that can be used for applications that have not previously been achievable. That is.

FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C, referred to herein, illustrate the structure and structure of a traffic monitoring system (preferably including an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. 1) constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Indicates operation.

FIG. 2A shows a static traffic control device such as a stop sign 100 and a traffic light 1
Numeral 02 indicates a traffic monitoring system preferably provided in the image forming system of the general form described above with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2A, an imaging system 104 is coupled to the stop sign 100 and detects when a vehicle passes without stopping and detects the identity of the vehicle. Similarly, an imaging system 106 is coupled to the traffic light 102 to detect when a vehicle passes without stopping despite being a red light, and also detects the identity of the vehicle. The image forming systems 104 and 106 transmit information on traffic violations to the control center 1.
Transmitting to 08, the control center 108 provides an indication of the occurrence and type of traffic violation and an indication of the identity of the vehicle, generally in the form of a photo 110 of the vehicle's registration number plate.

The traffic monitoring system shown in FIG. 2A is an example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and includes an image sensor incorporated in system 104 or 106 and preferably an image sensor. It has an integrated transmitter, which functions as at least a part of a node of the wireless voice communication network for communicating image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network. The traffic monitoring system preferably includes an automatic communication actuator that automatically operates the transmitter to communicate image data from the image sensor along a wireless voice communication network in response to the occurrence of an event.

Regarding the above, reference is made to a simplified block diagram 8 showing the operation of a part of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C. A system 104 operating as a stop sign monitor includes an image capture circuit 120, such as the image sensor 14 (FIG. 1), and a still image analysis circuit 122 and a moving image analysis circuit 124 (both incorporated into the image processor 16 (FIG. 1)). It can be seen by considering FIG. The moving image analysis circuit 122 generally detects an event by analyzing a number of images, and can detect that the driver does not stop at the stop sign.

The static image analysis circuit 124 does not necessarily constitute a part of the stop sign monitor, but generally detects the identity of the vehicle violating the traffic such as ignoring the stop sign. The outputs of circuits 122 and 124 are provided to an event detection circuit 126 and a feature extraction circuit 128, respectively, both of which are incorporated into image processor 16 (FIG. 1).

The output of event detection circuit 126 is used as a trigger input to an automatic communication actuator 130 that provides an actuation output at output port 132 (incorporated within output port 18 of FIG. 1). Output port 132 generally receives traffic violation messages from message generator 134, which receives inputs from event detection circuit 126 and feature extraction circuit 128.

The traffic violation message is preferably sent to the modem 136 incorporated in the modem 22 (FIG. 1) and the RF transmitter 13 incorporated in the transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
8 through a wireless voice communication network 140 (transmitter 24 is preferably a node of this network).

The wireless voice communication network 140 may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination of these networks, or any other suitable type of wireless network.

The control center 108 generally communicates with the message analysis circuit 15 through a modem 142.
2 is provided. The output of circuit 152 is provided to an image display 154 monitored by an operator, who inputs the data displayed on display 154 to control computer 157 through data entry port 156.

The feature processing circuit 158 receives an output from the message analysis circuit 152. If the feature extraction circuit 128 is not present as part of the stop sign monitoring circuit 104,
Such a feature extraction circuit forms part of the feature processing circuit 158. Feature extraction circuit 1
If 28 is provided as part of the stop sign monitor 104, the extracted feature information transmitted by the stop sign monitoring circuit is further processed in circuit 158. The output of the feature processing circuit 158 is transmitted to the control computer 157. The control computer 157 provides a traffic violation report as needed.

FIG. 9 to which reference is now made is a simplified block diagram illustrating the operation of another portion of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIGS. 2A-2C. The system 106, which operates as a traffic light monitor, includes an image capture circuit 220, such as the image sensor 14 (FIG. 1), and a moving image analysis circuit 222 and a still image analysis circuit 224 [both circuits are the image processor 16 (FIG. 1).
) Are understood by considering FIG. 9. The moving image analysis circuit 222 generally detects an event by analyzing a number of images, and detects that the driver does not fulfill a stop at a red light.

In contrast to system 104 (FIG. 8), system 106 generally includes an input port 225 that receives an external signal, such as a signal indicating that the traffic light is red. The input port 225 is an RF receiver or a receiving port for receiving a red signal of a signal lamp through a wired connection. Alternatively, the input port 225 may be omitted if the traffic light is within the field of view of the image sensor 14 and the image sensor 14 can detect the state of the traffic light.

The static image analysis circuit 224 does not necessarily constitute a part of a traffic light monitor, but generally detects the identity of a vehicle that violates a traffic such as ignoring the traffic light. The outputs of circuits 222 and 224 are respectively
26 and a feature extraction circuit 228, both of which are connected to the image processor 16 (FIG. 1).
).

The output of the event detection circuit 226 is used as a trigger input to an automatic communication actuator 230 that provides an operational output to an output port 232 [the output port is incorporated in (FIG. 1)]. Alternatively, if input port 225 is installed, the output of input port 225 provides a trigger input. Output port 232 generally receives a traffic violation message from message generator 234, which receives inputs from event detection circuit 226 and feature extraction circuit 228.

The traffic offense message may be sent to a modem 236, which is preferably incorporated into the modem 22 (FIG. 1), and an RF transmitter 23 which is incorporated into the transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
8 through a wireless voice communication network 240 (transmitter 24 is preferably its node).

[0079] The wireless voice communication network 240 may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination thereof, or any other suitable form of wireless network.

The control center 108 generally communicates with the message analysis circuit 25 through a modem 242.
2 is provided. The output of the circuit 252 is provided to an image display 254 monitored by an operator, who inputs the data displayed on the display to the control computer 257 through the data entry port 256.

The feature processing circuit 258 receives an output from the message analysis circuit 252. If feature extraction circuit 228 is not present as part of a traffic light monitoring circuit, such a feature extraction circuit forms part of feature processing circuit 258. Feature extraction circuit 2
If 28 is provided as part of a traffic light monitor, the extracted feature information transmitted by the traffic light monitoring circuit is further processed in circuit 258. The output of the feature processing circuit 258 is transmitted to the control computer 257. The control computer 257 provides a traffic violation report as needed.

FIG. 2A shows a state where the automatic feature extraction circuit does not exist or the vehicle cannot be confirmed. In the embodiment of FIG. 2A, the control center receives an image of the vehicle's registration number plate and provides an output of that image along with a traffic violation report.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2B, the feature extraction circuit 128 or 228
Since it is present at 04 and / or 106, it provides an information output of the vehicle registration number for transmission to the control center 108. Therefore, the control center is
B, a comprehensive violation report 209 incorporating the registration number of the vehicle is automatically provided.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2C, the feature extraction circuit 128 or 228
4 and / or 106 provides an output of the registration number of the vehicle for transmission to the control center 108. The image of the registration number plate of the vehicle is also transmitted to the control center. At this time, the control center 108 generates a comprehensive violation report 211 incorporating the registration number and registration number plate of the vehicle and a photograph of a part of the vehicle.
Automatically provided.

FIG. 3, referred to herein, shows the structure and operation of a traffic monitoring system constructed and operative in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, which detects vehicle speed and tailgating. , Preferably an integrated image forming system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a system in which a traffic monitor 300, preferably comprising an imaging system 302 of the general type described above with reference to FIG. 1, is arranged along the roadway. As seen in FIG. 3, each image forming system 302 detects the speed of a passing vehicle, and also detects the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle in front of the vehicle and the identity of each vehicle.

The image forming system 302 transmits information on the traffic violation to the control center 308, and the control center 308 displays the occurrence of the traffic violation and the output condition type (ou).
photo 310 of the tput indication 312 and generally the registration number plate of the vehicle
Providing an indication of the identity of the vehicle, including: Photo 310 forms part of the comprehensive traffic violation report 312.

The traffic monitoring system shown in FIG. 3 is another example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the image sensor is a system 3
02, and the transmitter is also preferably incorporated into the system 302 and functions as at least a part of a node of the wireless voice communication network for communicating image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network. The system also preferably responds to the occurrence of an event (in this case, a traffic violation)
An automatic communication actuator is provided that operates to automatically operate the transmitter to communicate image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network.

For the above, reference is made to FIG. 10, which is a simplified block diagram showing the operation of part of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIG. The system 302 operates as a speed and tail gating monitor, and the image capture circuit 320, such as the image sensor 14 (FIG. 1).
And the presence of a moving image analysis circuit 322 and a still image analysis circuit 324 [both circuits are incorporated into the image processor 16 (FIG. 1)] can be seen from a consideration of FIG. The moving image analysis circuit 322 generally detects events by analyzing a number of images, and consequently detects the speed of the vehicle.

The static image analysis circuit 324 generally detects the distance between the vehicle and the vehicle in front of it, and the identity of the vehicle that commits a traffic violation, for example, a speed violation or tail gating. The outputs of circuits 322 and 324 are provided to event detection circuit 326, and the output of circuit 324 is further provided to feature extraction circuit 328, both circuits 322 and 324 being incorporated into image processor 16 (FIG. 1). .

The event detection circuit 326 preferably receives both an input of the vehicle speed and an input indicating the distance between the vehicle and the preceding vehicle. Since tail gating is a function of both the vehicle speed and the distance between the vehicle and the preceding vehicle, the circuit 326 uses both inputs to provide an output condition indication for a tail gating event.

The output of the event detection circuit 326 is used as a trigger input to an automatic communication actuator 330 that provides an operational output at an output port 332 [the output port is incorporated in (FIG. 1)]. Output port 332 generally receives a traffic violation message from message generator 334, and message generator 334
Inputs are received from the event detection circuit 326 and the feature extraction circuit 328.

Alternatively, the message may be stored in the memory of the monitor and transmitted only at predetermined times or in response to a received query input. This is also true for the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2A-2C and, where appropriate, all other embodiments of the invention.

The traffic violation message is preferably sent to the modem 336 incorporated in the modem 22 (FIG. 1) and the RF transmitter 3 incorporated in the transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
Over a wireless voice communication network 340 (transmitter 24 is preferably its node).

The wireless voice communication network 340 may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination of these networks, or any other suitable type of wireless network.

Obviously, appropriate data compression can be utilized for all embodiments of the present invention for communicating data over a wireless voice communication network or other communication network.

The control center 308 generally includes an RF receiver 350 that outputs to the message analysis circuit 352 through the modem 342. The output of the circuit 352 is provided to an image display 354 monitored by an operator, who inputs the data displayed on the display to the control computer 357 through the data entry port 356.

The feature processing circuit 358 receives an output from the message analysis circuit 352. The extracted feature information transmitted by the speed and tail gating monitoring circuit is further processed by circuit 358. The output of the feature processing circuit 358 is transmitted to the control computer 357. The control computer 357 provides a traffic violation report as needed.

Obviously, the device shown in FIG. 3 can be used to count vehicles and provide an output condition indication of traffic density.

4A and 4B, which are referred to herein, show the structure and operation of a collision monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system comprising an imminent collision occurrence and a collision occurrence occurrence. An integrated image forming system of the type shown in FIG. 1 is provided by detecting both.

FIGS. 4A and 4B show a system in which a collision monitor 402, preferably comprising an imaging system of the general type described above with reference to FIG. 1, is located in a vehicle. The crash monitor is a conventional accelerometer sensor for detecting sudden deceleration due to a shock or other suitable sensor such as an optical sensor of the type described with reference to FIG. 1 for detecting inflation of an airbag due to a crash. . Obviously, an impact sensor forming part of the airbag actuation system can be used to achieve this purpose.

The collision monitor also preferably includes a position locating device such as a GPS or other suitable device capable of knowing and communicating the position of the vehicle at the time of the impact. Or, if you use a cellular type location system,
Confirmation of the position of the vehicle at the time of the impact is performed at a location farther from the vehicle.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the collision monitor 402 may be useless as a result of the collision, but the pre-collision sensor 404 may provide a predictive signal to ensure that a notification of the collision is received. Gives a pre-collision warning before a collision occurs.
Obviously, this pre-crash sensor 404 can also be mounted at the rear of the vehicle.

The pre-crash sensor 404 generally indicates the correlation between the image of nearby objects and the speed and direction of the vehicle, and comprises an optical system having an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the pre-crash monitor 404 is preferably
An image forming system for detecting that an object is approaching, and one or both of a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor for confirming that a collision with the object is imminent are provided.

As shown in FIG. 4A, the pre-crash sensor 404 sends information about the impending collision to the central control unit 406 over a wireless communication link.
The central control unit 406 waits for confirmation from the collision monitor 402 that a collision has actually occurred, or for a manual operation signal from the driver that no collision has occurred. If neither display is present, the central control unit 406 preferably
The collision monitor 402 is inquired about the state of the vehicle collision. In the absence of an indication of normal vehicle operation or manual signal from the driver that no collision occurred, central control unit 406 regards the incident as a collision and proceeds as described below.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4B, the collision monitor 402 and the central control unit 4
06 operates in the following manner when a collision occurs. In response to a shock exceeding a predetermined threshold, an indication of the collision and information indicating the location of the vehicle at the time of the shock, preferably resulting in inflation of the airbag, is transmitted to the central control unit 406 over a wireless communication link. . Central control unit 406 preferably dispatches mobile rescue unit 408, such as an ambulance, to the site of the impact. Alternatively, the position of the vehicle at the time of the impact is determined directly by the central control unit 406 rather than by an on-board locator.

The collision monitoring system shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B is another example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the image sensor incorporated in system 402 and sensor 404, and Preferably, a transmitter is included in the system 402 and the sensor 404 and functions as at least a part of a node of the wireless voice communication network for communicating image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network. The system preferably operates to automatically operate the transmitter to communicate image data from an image sensor along a wireless voice communication network in response to an event (in this case, a collision) occurring. An automatic communication actuator is provided.

In connection with the above, reference is made to FIG. 11, which is a simplified block diagram illustrating the operation of a portion of the collision monitoring system shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B. Consider FIG. 11 that the system 402 or sensor 404, acting as a crash monitor or a monitor for an anticipated crash, respectively, comprises an event capture circuit 420 or an airbag actuator, such as the image sensor 14 (FIG. 1). You can tell by that. An on-board position input device, such as GPS 422, monitors the current position of the vehicle and provides position output to a message generator 424, which outputs the event
20 also receives an event occurrence input.

The event capture circuit 420 also provides a trigger input to the automatic communication actuator 430, and the actuator 430 provides operational output, typically through a modem unit, to a communication port, such as a cellular telephone 432. Cellular telephone 43
2 reports the occurrence of an actual or anticipated collision and the position of the vehicle at that time when actuated by the operational output of actuator 430;
Provide a collision message or an expected collision message from the message generator 424.

The above or expected collision message is preferably transmitted over the cellular telephone network 440, or alternatively, the communicator 24 (
Using a modem and an RF transmitter incorporated in FIG. 1), transmission may take place over any other suitable wireless communication network (transmitter 24 is preferably its node). Obviously, all or part of the circuitry of the cellular telephone 432 is incorporated into a single integrated circuit chip as shown in FIG.

[0111] The wireless voice communication network may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination thereof, or any other suitable type of wireless network.

The control center 406 generally comprises a cellular telephone 434, or alternatively,
An RF receiver for outputting through a modem may be provided. The output of the cellular telephone 434 or the modem is provided to a message analysis circuit 452. The output of circuit 452 is provided to control computer 444. If no GPS or equivalent on-board position input device is installed as part of the system 402,
Control computer 444 receives from cellular telephone network 440 or other suitable location information source.

The control computer operates automatically or semi-automatically to direct the rescue personnel of the mobile station to the site of the detected collision.

FIG. 5, to which reference is now made, shows the structure and operation of a meter reading system constructed and operative in accordance with the present invention, the system comprising a meter, such as a utility meter such as electricity, gas, water, etc. The dial is read and preferably comprises an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows that each meter reader 500, preferably with an imaging system 502 of the general type described above with respect to FIG. 1, is in close proximity to the utility meter 503 to be automatically read. Shows the deployed system. As seen in FIG. 5, each imaging system 502 detects at least a portion of the surface of meter 503 that has information to read.

The imaging system 502 transmits information obtained by sensing at least a portion of the meter surface, either directly or through a local control unit 507, to a control center 508, and the control center 508 An indication of the output condition of the meter reading, generally in the form of a photograph 510 of at least a portion of the face of the meter,
However, it is preferably provided by the information content of the dial of the meter.

The connection between the image forming system 502 and the local control unit 507 is a wireless connection system or a wireless communication connection, but it is apparent that the connection between the local control unit 507 and the central control station 508 may be different. It is.

The meter reading system shown in FIG. 5 is an additional example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein an image sensor incorporated into system 502 and preferably system 502 A transmitter that is incorporated and functions as at least a part of a node of the wireless communication network for communicating image data from the image sensor along the wireless communication network.

Preferably, the system automatically operates the transmitter to transmit image data from the image sensor at a predetermined time, for example, at a predetermined time on a predetermined day of each month, An automatic communication actuator is provided that operates in response to the input to communicate along the wireless communication network.

It is clear that an advantage of the system of the invention shown in FIG. 5 is that the system can read existing utility meter without having to change meters.

It is further evident that the meter reading system shown in FIG. 5 comprises an illumination unit for reading the meter 503 in all levels of perimeter.

In connection with the above, reference is made to FIG. 12, which is a simplified block diagram illustrating the operation of a portion of the meter reading system shown in FIG. System 502 operating as a meter reader includes an image capture circuit 520, such as image sensor 14 (FIG. 1), and an image analysis circuit 522 incorporated in image processor 16 (FIG. 1). You can understand it by considering it. The image analysis circuit 522 generally verifies the information content of the image captured by the circuit 520 using conventional alphanumeric recognition techniques.

The automatic communication actuator 530 provides operational output to an output port 532 that is integrated with the output port 18 (FIG. 1). Actuator 530 may include a clock (not shown) that causes the reading of the meter to be transmitted at a predetermined time at a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, actuator 530 operates in response to a wireless interrogation input received from an external source, for example, a vehicle passing by a facility with utilities to read for the interrogation.

The output port 532 generally outputs a meter read message to the message generator 5.
34, and the message generator 534 receives the input from the image analysis circuit 522.
Receive from

Alternatively, the meter reading message is stored in the memory of the meter monitor,
Sent only at predetermined times or in response to a received query input. This also applies to all suitable embodiments of the invention.

The meter read message preferably includes a modem 536 incorporated into the modem 22 (FIG. 1) and an RF transmitter 5 incorporated into the transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
Over a wireless voice communication network 540 (transmitter 24 is preferably its node).

[0127] The wireless communication network 540 may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination thereof, or any other suitable type of wireless network.

The control center 508 generally communicates with the message analysis circuit 5 through a modem 542.
52 is provided with an RF receiver 550. The output of the circuit 552 is provided to an image display 554 monitored by an operator, who inputs the data displayed on the display to the control computer 558 through the data entry port 556.

The meter reading processing circuit 560 receives the output from the message analysis circuit 552. The information content of the meter reading is further processed by the meter reading processor 560. The output from the processor 560 and the message analysis unit 552 is sent to a control computer 558, which generates a normal utility bill.

6A and 6B, which are referred to herein, are diagrams illustrating the structure and operation of a parking monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the system provides the driver with a parking space. And preferably comprises an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 6A shows that parking monitors 600 each include an imaging system 60, preferably of the general type described above with respect to FIG. 1, and are located in appropriate proximity to a legitimate parking space to be monitored. Shows a system that As seen in FIG. 6A, each image forming system 602 detects whether a vehicle is parked in a predetermined parking space adjacent to the system.

The above-mentioned image system 602 outputs the information obtained by detecting that the vehicle is present in the predetermined parking space for a predetermined period to the predetermined parking space directly or through the local control unit 604. Is transmitted to the control center 608 which provides an output condition display 653 as to whether or not it can be used. The image forming system 60
2 transmits information for confirming a vehicle parked in each space, for example, an image of a registration number plate or a registration number of the vehicle. The bill is sent to the control center 608
Is created based on the information for confirming the parked vehicle to be received.

The connection between the image forming system 602 and the local control unit 604 is a connection by a wired connection system or a wireless communication system, and may be different from the connection between the local control unit 604 and the central control station 608. it is obvious.

FIG. 6B shows another embodiment of the system shown in FIG. 6A. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6B, the payment of the parking fee is made by the driver, preferably in one of the following ways. That is, by a cellular telephone connected to a billing center 610 activated by an automatic telephone; or to enter currency into a local parking monitor 612 located near the parking location, or to a debit or charge card or This is done by inserting a credit card.

[0135] Preferably, the parking positions are individually specified, so that the driver informs the parking position used by himself when making payment. This means that if the driver
This is not necessary when paying through a cellular telephone in a vehicle equipped with S.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6B, each individual parking monitor 625 or regional parking monitor 627 is preferably equipped with an imaging system 602 to violate a parked vehicle without corresponding payment. Used for notification. The registration number plate of such a vehicle is automatically photographed. Alternatively or additionally, a parking inspector may be on standby.

The parking monitoring system shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B is another example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
02 and an image sensor, preferably integrated into the image forming system 602, for transmitting image data from the image sensor along the wireless communication network to function as at least a part of a node of the wireless communication network. Machine.

[0138] The system preferably automatically operates the transmitter to transmit image data from an image sensor at a predetermined time, such as every 5 minutes, or to free up space in a parking space. An automatic communication actuator is provided that serves to communicate along a wireless communication network in response to a change from an obtainable state or vice versa or in response to a query to check the state of a parking space.

In connection with the above, reference is made to FIG. 13, which is a simplified block diagram illustrating the operation of part of the parking monitoring system shown in FIG. 6A. FIG. 13 shows that the system 602 operating as a parking monitor system includes an image capture circuit 620 such as the image sensor 14 (FIG. 1) and an image analysis circuit 622 incorporated into the image processor 16 (FIG. 1). Can be understood by considering. The image analysis circuit 622 generally determines whether the vehicle is within the field of view of the image sensor. The feature extraction circuit 624 provides an output condition display of the registration number of the vehicle parked at the predetermined position.

The automatic communication actuator 630 provides an operational output to an output port 632 which is integrated with the output port 18 (FIG. 1). The actuator 630 may include a clock that communicates the output of the availability of the parking space at a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, the actuator 630 operates in response to a detected change in the availability of the monitored parking space or in response to a query that checks the status of the parking space.

The output port 632 generally receives a parking space availability message, including a confirmation from the message generator 634 of a vehicle that has been parked in the predetermined space for a predetermined period of time. And the message generator 634
The input is received from the feature extraction circuit 624.

Alternatively, the parking space availability message may be stored in the memory of the parking monitoring system and transmitted only at predetermined times or in response to the received operation output. This is also true for all suitable embodiments of the invention.

The parking space availability message is preferably a modem 636 integrated into the modem 22 (FIG. 1) and an R integrated into the transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
Transmitted by a wireless communication network 640 (transmitter 24 is preferably its node) through F transmitter 638.

[0144] The wireless voice communication network 640 may be a cellular telephone network, a cellular radio network, a pager network, a satellite communication network, a combination thereof, or any other suitable type of wireless network.

Obviously, the parking monitoring systems 600 and 625 can also be used to issue parking violation calls for illegal parking.

The control center 608 generally communicates with the message analysis circuit 65 through a modem 642.
2 is provided. The output of circuit 652 is preferably sent to operator console 654, control computer 658, and parking data processor 660. The control computer 658 has a data entry device 6
61 are connected. The operator console 654 can display the registered plate number of the vehicle that cannot be read automatically to the operator, and the operator can display the number on the control computer and the data entry device 661.
Can be entered through

The parking data processor 660 that monitors parking space availability preferably maintains a database. The parking data processor 660 cooperates with the controlling computer 658 to provide parking space availability information and billing output to the driver. The parking space availability information may be provided through the data output port 664 and a modem unit (not shown), by the wireless network 640, or by any other suitable network, such as a satellite or cellular telephone network, preferably in the driver's perspective. Transmitted to an image display 666 located in a vehicle within the vehicle. Image display 6
66 may be an image display of a conventional vehicle device GPS668 and provides a dynamic map that indicates the location of available parking space and teaches the driver how to reach such a location. Display 666
Communication with can be through a regular cellular telephone 670.

Alternatively or additionally, parking space availability information can be provided to the driver in verbal form by wireless voice communication network 640 or by other suitable communication networks.

Obviously, the system shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B can also be used to automatically generate and send bills for parking space use. This is easily accomplished by using vehicle identification information communicated to the central control unit 608, or by identification information from image data as described above, and a parking bill is generated. Obviously, this system is part of a common automated billing and sending system.

FIGS. 7A and 7B, referred to herein, show the structure and operation of an automated supermarket checkout system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. ing.

FIGS. 7A and 7B show an example of an imaging system 702 for each of the shopping carts 700, preferably of the general type described above with respect to FIG. 7 shows a system in which a system that detects when the object is taken out from 700 is installed.

The imaging system 702 is preferably capable of placing stock items that require payment in a shopping cart and identifying other elements that do not require payment, such as the hands of a shopper who do not have any. it can. This discrimination function utilizes a normal image processing function including a decision function such as a neural network and an image recognition function.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a remote rating function is provided, whereby a decision on the classification of the elements inserted into the shopping cart is made by viewing the image of the elements inserted into the shopping cart or the offline automatic processor. Can be done by a person.

The image forming system 702 may further include an accurate reading function, for example, a bar code reader. Alternatively or additionally, a separate price reader 704 may be installed on each cart.

As seen in FIGS. 7A and 7B, each imaging system 702 detects that an element, such as an item that requires payment, is placed in shopping cart 700. As the price of the item is read by the imaging system 702 or another price reader 704, the price is recorded. However, a warning is displayed when an item is placed in a shopping cart without its price being read.

The image forming system 702 and the price reader 704 transmit information obtained by detecting the identification code of the product to the control center 708, preferably through the transceiver 706, and the control center 708 writes the specification. Grocery store provides invoice and automatically debits customer credit card. The control center 708 also operates an automatic gate that allows the customer to exit the supermarket with their purchased items without the need for further inspection in the absence of a warning sign and there was a warning sign. If you request to verify the contents of the shopping cart.

Obviously, in another embodiment of the present invention, except for the control center 708, all of the above functions can be performed by circuitry mounted on the cart 700 itself.

Embodiments of the present invention provide the ability to distinguish between the insertion of a stock item that requires payment into a shopping cart and other elements, such as the empty hand of a shopper, and that function. Operates by detecting the insertion of an element into a shopping cart.

When the element is inserted, an image of the inserted element is provided to a processing circuit mounted on the cart 700 or located at a remote location, such as the control center 708. The processing circuit analyzes the image to determine which item requires payment,
Try to clearly identify other elements. If the element is determined to be an item requiring payment, the price reading and alerting functions described above are activated. If the element is clearly identified as not requiring payment,
Insertion of detected elements is ignored.

However, if the processing circuitry cannot clearly confirm, a recorded image 718 of the insertion of the detected element is provided to a remote location; eg, a human operator at the control center 708, and the operator can view the image 718. Make appropriate decisions. This decision is sent back to shopping cart 700.

The above function relating to the insertion of an element including a stock item into a shopping cart is described below.
Obviously, it can operate in a similar manner to handle the removal of such elements. The automated supermarket clearing system of FIGS. 7A and 7B is another example of an image communication system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the image sensor is integrated into system 702, and preferably is integrated into system 702. And a transmitter functioning as at least a part of a node of the wireless communication network for communicating image data from the image sensor along the wireless communication network.

[0162] The system also preferably automatically operates the transmitter to respond to a cart at a predetermined time, eg, every five minutes, or to allow the customer to exit An automatic communication actuator is provided that serves to communicate price data along the wireless communication network in response to approaching.

In connection with the above, reference is made to FIG. 14, which is a simplified block diagram illustrating the operation of a portion of the automated supermarket checkout system shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. The system 702 operating as an automated supermarket checkout system includes an image sensor 1
It can be seen from a consideration of FIG. 14 that it comprises an image capture circuit 720, such as 4 (FIG. 1), and a moving image analysis circuit 722 incorporated into the image processor 16 (FIG. 1). The moving image analysis circuit 722 generally includes an element in the field of view of the image sensor,
Check if it is being put or removed from a shopping cart and if the element requires payment. Human intervention, as noted above for FIG. 7B.

The event detector 724 receives the output from the circuit 722 and indicates whether an uptake or removal of an item is occurring. The still image analysis circuit 725 provides a product price and identification output condition indication based on the barcode or other suitable identifier. Circuit 725 may not provide a clear indication of product identification. In such a case, circuit 725 provides an output that causes control sensor 708 to transmit the image from the image capture circuit.

The automatic communication actuator 730 provides operational output to an output port 732 that is integrated with the output port 18 (FIG. 1). The actuator 730 may include a clock for transmitting the output of taking in or taking out the article at a predetermined cycle. Alternatively, actuator 730 may be responsive to each ingestion or removal from the shopping cart of an item, or to an output condition indication from event detector 724, or in response to the shopping cart approaching an exit. Operate.

The output port 723 generally receives from the message generator 734 an article take-in or take-out message including the identification of the article, which message generator 734 receives input from the event detector 724 and from the circuit 725. Receive product identification and price input.

Alternatively, the message of taking in or taking out the article is transmitted to the image forming system 70.
2 may be stored in the memory 735 and transmitted only at a predetermined time or in response to the received operation output. This also applies to all suitable embodiments of the present invention.

[0168] The article take-in or take-out message is preferably sent to the modem 22 (
A wireless communication network 740 (transmitter 24) through a modem 736 incorporated into FIG. 1) and a wireless transmitter 738 incorporated into transmitter 24 (FIG. 1).
Is preferably that node).

The static image analysis circuit 725 may not be able to clearly display the product identification. In such a case, still image analysis circuit 725 provides an output that causes the image from the image capture circuit to be transmitted through wireless communication network 740 to control center 708 for further analysis.

[0170] Wireless communication network 740 may be any suitable type of wireless network.

Obviously, suitable data compression may be utilized in all embodiments of the present invention to effect data communication over the wireless communication network 740 or other communication networks. Control center 708 generally communicates with message analysis circuit 75 through modem 750.
2 is provided. The control circuit 758 transmits the data to the analysis circuit 752 to the control computer 758.
0 to activate the exit gate 712.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, analysis circuit 752 includes a manned work with display 762 so that an operator can determine whether an element inserted into a shopping cart is an item requiring payment. An image output is provided to station 760. The input provided by the operator is sent to the control computer 758,
The control computer 758 sends the appropriate information back to the shopping cart wirelessly.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described above. On the contrary, the scope of the present invention includes modifications and variations of the features which occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description and which are not in the prior art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of an integrated imaging system formed on a single integrated circuit chip according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B show the structure and operation of a traffic monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

2A and 2B illustrate the structure and operation of a traffic monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 2C illustrates the structure and operation of a traffic monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the structure and operation of another traffic monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

4A and 4B show the construction and operation of a collision monitoring and notification system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. is there.

FIG. 4B illustrates the structure and operation of a collision monitoring and notification system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. is there.

FIG. 5 illustrates the structure and operation of an electric meter reading system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

6A and 6B show the construction and operation of a parking monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with two alternative embodiments of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. .

6A and 6B illustrate the structure and operation of a parking monitoring system constructed and operative in accordance with two alternative embodiments of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG. .

7A and 7B show the structure and operation of an automated supermarket checkout system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

7A and 7B illustrate the structure and operation of an automated supermarket checkout system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and preferably comprising an integrated imaging system of the type shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a simplified block diagram showing a partial structure and operation of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C.

FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the structure and operation of another portion of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIGS. 2A-2C.

FIG. 10 is a simplified block diagram showing a partial structure and operation of the traffic monitoring system shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 11 is a simplified block diagram showing a partial structure and operation of the collision monitoring system shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the structure and operation of a portion of the meter reading system shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a simplified block diagram showing a partial structure and operation of the parking monitoring system shown in FIG.

FIG. 14 is a simplified block diagram illustrating the structure and operation of a portion of the automated supermarket checkout system shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B.

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Claims (55)

[Claims] 1. An image communication device comprising: an image sensor; an image processor for receiving image data from the image sensor; and an output port for providing a processed image data output from the image processor. Wherein the image processor and the output port are all integrated into a single integrated circuit chip. 2. A memory that stores at least one of the image data and the processed image data and that is integrated with the image sensor, the image processor and the output port on the single integrated circuit chip. The image communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: 3. A modem coupled to said output port for communicating said processed image data and integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port on said single integrated circuit chip. The image communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: 4. Communicating said processed image data and said image sensor,
The image communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a wireless transmitter integrated into the single integrated circuit chip together with the image processor and the output port. 5. The image communication device according to claim 1, further comprising a wireless receiver integrated with the image sensor, the image processor, and the output port. 6. An image sensor, a transmitter functioning as at least a portion of a node in a wireless voice communication network and operative to communicate image data from said image sensor along said wireless voice communication network. An image communication device comprising: an automatic communication actuator operable to automatically operate the transmitter to communicate the image data from the image sensor along the wireless voice communication network in response to the occurrence. . 7. The image communication apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a receiver functioning as at least a part of a node of the wireless voice communication network and operable to communicate along the wireless voice communication network. . 8. The image communication device according to claim 6, further comprising a modem coupled to at least the transmitter. 9. The image communication apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said wireless voice communication network is a cellular telephone network. 10. The image communication device according to claim 6, wherein said wireless voice communication network is a cellular radio network. 11. The image communication device according to claim 6, wherein said wireless voice communication network is a pager network. 12. The image communication apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said wireless voice communication network is a satellite communication network. 13. The image communication device according to claim 6, wherein the event is an event detected by the image sensor. 14. The image communication apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the event is a receipt of an operation input from an external source by the wireless voice network. 15. The image communication device according to claim 14, wherein the operation input is a question input. 16. The image communication device according to claim 6, further comprising an image analyzer that receives image data from the image and provides an image analysis output. 17. The image communication device according to claim 16, wherein said image analysis output is provided to said transmitter for transmission along said wireless voice network. 18. The image communication device according to claim 16, wherein the image analysis output is supplied to the automatic communication actuator to indicate an event. 19. The image communication device according to claim 16, wherein the image analyzer includes a moving event recognizer that recognizes occurrence of a predetermined moving event. 20. The image communication apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the image analysis output includes a notification of occurrence of a predetermined moving event. 21. The image communication device according to claim 19, wherein the image analysis output includes an indication of the identity of a person of ordinary skill in the art of the predetermined motion event detected by the image sensor. 22. The image communication device according to claim 21, wherein the identity of the person skilled in the art includes an identification label of the inanimate object. 23. An image communication assembly wherein at least said image sensor comprises an image sensor, an image processor for receiving image data from said image sensor, and an output port for providing processed image data output from said image processor. 23. An image communication as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 22, forming a part, wherein the image sensor, the image processor and the output port are all integrated into a single integrated circuit chip. apparatus. 24. A memory for storing at least one of said image data and said processed image data, said memory being integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port in said single integrated circuit chip. The image communication device according to claim 23, further comprising: 25. A modem coupled to said output port for communicating said processed image data and integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port in said single integrated circuit chip. The image communication device according to claim 23, further comprising: 26. A wireless transmitter for communicating said processed image data and being integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port on said single integrated circuit chip. Item 27. The image communication device according to any one of Items 23 to 25. 27. The apparatus according to claim 23, further comprising a wireless receiver integrated with said image sensor, said image processor and said output port on said single integrated circuit chip. Image communication device. 28. The image communication device according to claim 16, wherein said image analysis output provides image data indicating a part of an image detected by an image sensor. 29. The image communication apparatus according to claim 28, wherein a part of the image is selected by an image analysis output based on the image content. 30. An image communication as claimed in claim 16, wherein said image analysis output provides information derived by an image analyzer from said image detected by said image sensor. apparatus. 31. The image communication device according to claim 1, further comprising a data compressor that compresses data provided by the image sensor before transmitting the data. 32. at least one image sensor directed to a traffic site;
A traffic monitoring system comprising the image communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 31, wherein traffic information is communicated to a place far from a traffic site. 33. The image communication device comprises a plurality of image communication units located at different locations and serves to receive traffic information from said plurality of image communication units and then transmit said information to a central unit. 33. The traffic monitoring system according to claim 32, further comprising at least one local unit. 34. A traffic monitoring system according to claim 32, which serves to communicate the number of vehicles at a traffic site over time. 35. A traffic monitoring system according to any one of claims 32 to 34 operable to communicate an indication of the speed of a vehicle at a traffic site. 36. A traffic monitoring system according to any one of claims 32 to 35 operative to communicate an indication of the distance between adjacent vehicles at a traffic site. 37. The system according to claim 32, further comprising a traffic violation report generator responsive to communicating information obtained from the image detected by the image sensor.
37. The traffic monitoring system according to any one of -36. 38. The system of claim 32, further comprising an indicator of parking space availability responsive to communication of information obtained from the image detected by the image sensor. The traffic monitoring system described in (1). 39. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one image sensor is in a sensing relationship with a display of the meter requiring reading, and information obtained from the image sensor is communicated to a location farther from the meter. An automatic remote meter reading system provided with the image communication device according to any one of the preceding claims. 40. The image communication device includes a plurality of image communication units disposed at different locations, and has a function of receiving meter reading information from the plurality of image communication units and transmitting the information to a central unit. 40. The automatic remote meter reading system according to claim 39, further comprising at least one local unit that performs the reading. 41. A data entry assembly mounted on a shopping cart, a sensor for monitoring the incorporation of an object into the shopping cart, and if there is no data entry for the object using the data entry assembly, An automatic verification system for use with a shopping cart comprising an indicator coupled to the sensor for indicating the incorporation of an object into the shopping cart. 42. The sensor for monitoring the incorporation of an object into the shopping cart also serves to monitor the removal of an object from the shopping cart;
42. The automatic verification system for use with a shopping cart according to claim 41, wherein said display also serves to indicate removal of an object from said shopping cart. 43. The automatic verification system according to claim 41, wherein both the data entry assembly and the sensor utilize a single optical input device. 44. The sensor as claimed in claim 41, wherein the sensor serves to provide an image output to a control center for further analysis when the sensor cannot reliably identify the product. Automatic verification system described in 1. 45. The automatic verification system according to claim 44, wherein the control center includes an automatic image analyzer and an image analyzer that can manually classify images containing products and that is operated by a person. 46. A vehicle mounted pre-collision sensor for detecting an impending collision, a vehicle mounted collision sensor for detecting operation of a vehicle airbag, and coupled to the vehicle mounted pre-collision sensor and the vehicle mounted collision sensor. An automatic accident reporting system comprising a vehicle-mounted notification device that communicates the occurrence of a vehicle airbag activation event to a remote location and displays the position of the vehicle at the time of the activation event. 47. The automatic accident reporting system according to claim 46, wherein said annunciator forms a node in a cellular communication system for automatically displaying the position of the vehicle. 48. The automatic accident reporting system according to claim 45 or 46, wherein said communicator is coupled to a GPS for automatically indicating the position of the vehicle. 49. A vehicle-mounted collision sensor for detecting an imminent collision, a vehicle-mounted collision sensor for detecting a vehicle impact exceeding a predetermined impact threshold, the vehicle-mounted collision sensor and the vehicle-mounted collision An automatic accident reporting system coupled to a sensor, the vehicle accident reporting system including a vehicle on-board communicator that communicates the occurrence of a vehicle impact to a remote location and indicates the position of the vehicle at the time of the vehicle impact. 50. The automatic accident reporting system according to claim 49, wherein said annunciator forms a node in a cellular communication system for automatically displaying the position of the vehicle. 51. The automatic accident reporting system according to claim 49, wherein the notifier is coupled to a GPS for automatically indicating a position of a vehicle. 52. The system according to claim 33, wherein the at least one local unit communicates with the central unit via a wireless voice communication network. 53. A parking monitor for displaying the identity of a vehicle parked at a predetermined position, and a billing system for receiving information from the parking monitor and charging a user for a parking fee based on the information. Become a parking monitoring system. 54. A parking monitor for displaying the presence of a vehicle parked at a predetermined position, wherein the user's vehicle is parked at the predetermined position and payment is made by the user. A parking monitoring system comprising: a payment receiving system for receiving; and a payment verification system for receiving information from the parking monitor and from the payment receiving system for requesting a user to pay a parking fee based on information from the parking monitor. . 55. A payment receiving system in which a user's vehicle is parked at a predetermined location and receives payment from the user via a mobile telephone network, and a plurality of the predetermined locations. A parking monitoring system comprising a central display for displaying information received from the payment receiving system for requesting users to pay a parking fee.