JP2002322664A - Bucket for civil engineering machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve working efficiency by enlarging the maximum opening of a cover member as much as possible. SOLUTION: This bucket for the civil engineering machine is provided with a bucket body 11, a cover member 13 covering most of an upper part opening of the bucket body and fitted in such a state as being opened/closed freely, a switch mechanism opening/closing the cover member to the bucket body, a first cylinder device 20 having the switch mechanism swingably fitted to the bucket body side, a second cylinder device 23 swingably fitted to the cover member side, and a link member 17 formed by fitting movable members of the first and the second cylinder devices together and swingably fitting them to the bucket body side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket for a civil engineering machine suitable for demolition work of buildings and the like. The term "civil engineering machine" used herein is a concept that includes a power shovel, a backhoe, so-called Yumbo (registered trademark), and other machines to which a bucket is attached.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows a power shovel as a conventional civil engineering machine. In this embodiment, a body 2 is mounted on a traveling unit 1 so as to be pivotable, and a boom 3 is attached to the body 2 so as to be pivotable and swingable. This boom 3
An arm 4 is attached in the vicinity of the tip of the arm so as to swing and swing freely. A bucket 5 for performing operations such as excavation and dismantling is connected to the tip of the arm 4.

Here, a hydraulic cylinder 2a is interposed between the body 2 and the boom 3, and the hydraulic cylinder 2a
The boom 3 swings in a vertical plane with the base end on the side of the body 2 as a fulcrum due to the expansion and contraction of. A hydraulic cylinder 3a is interposed between the boom 3 and the arm 4, and the arm 4 swings in the same vertical plane with the base end on the distal end side of the boom 3 as a fulcrum due to the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 3a. A hydraulic cylinder 4a is attached to the arm 4, and drive links 4b and 4c are connected to the hydraulic cylinder 4a as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. The links 4b and 4c swing together, and the bucket 5 swings around the base end on the arm 4 side as a fulcrum.

[0004] As the bucket attached to the arm 4 of the conventional power shovel, for example, in addition to a general box-shaped civil engineering bucket, there is a demolition bucket having a structure capable of being pinched and the like. In addition to the above, when performing a series of work such as leveling, the buckets are replaced.

In the bucket 5 mounted on the power shovel, the bucket body 5a and the cover member 5b that can be opened and closed with respect to the bucket body 5 can perform both dismantling work and civil engineering work without replacing the bucket. (See JP-A-10-18335).

That is, as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6, in the bucket 5, the base end of the cover member 5b and the base end of the bucket body 5a are pivotally supported by the tip of the arm 4, and the cover member 5b And the hydraulic cylinder 4a are connected via a link 5c, and the cover member 5b swings in the opposite direction to the bucket body 5a by expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 4a. As a result, when the hydraulic cylinder 4a is expanded and contracted, the distal ends of the bucket body 5a and the cover member 5b approach or separate from each other,
The opening of the bucket body 5a is opened and closed by the cover member 5b.

When the opening of the bucket body 5a is opened, the bucket body 5a functions as a civil engineering bucket. On the other hand, if the cover member 5b is opened and closed with respect to the opening of the bucket main body 5a, disassembly such as clamping or crushing or crushing the object to be processed at the opening portion by the contact and separation between the bucket main body 5a and the cover member 5b. Function as a bucket and dismantling unit.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show another conventional bucket 6 mounted on the power shovel. This bucket 6
Comprises a bucket body 6a and a cover member 6b, similarly to the bucket 5, and a bracket 7 is fixed to a base end of the bucket body 6a.
It is attached to the tip of the arm 4 by a. A hydraulic cylinder 6c is interposed between a shaft supporting portion 7b of the bracket 7 and a connecting portion 6d formed on an upper surface of the cover member 6b,
The cover member 6b can be moved toward and away from the bucket body 6a by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 6c.
1-350516).

[0009] Also in this case, similarly to the bucket 5,
As shown in FIG. 8, if the opening of the bucket body 6a is kept open, the bucket body 6a functions as a civil engineering bucket. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
When the b is opened and closed with respect to the opening of the bucket body 6a, the bucket to be dismantled or dismantled such that the object to be treated is pinched or crushed or crushed by the contact between the bucket body 6a and the cover member 6b. Function as a unit for

[0010]

However, the conventional bucket 6 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has the following problems to be solved.

That is, the degree of opening of the cover member 6b is limited due to the dimensional relationship and positional relationship between the dimensions of the bracket 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 6c to be disposed. 7 and 8, the maximum opening is slightly less than 90 °.

Here, the dimension of the bracket 7 is increased so as to increase the distance from the arm 4 side, and the hydraulic cylinder 6
If a long stroke is used for c, the maximum opening can be increased. However, the bracket 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 6c become large, their weight increases, and the operation of the rated power shovel becomes unstable. Cannot be adopted because of the disadvantage of

By the way, if the maximum opening is less than 90 °,
As shown in FIG. 8, when the bucket 6 is used to excavate or level the ground, the tip of the cover member 6b hits the ground, which hinders further excavation. Also, since the cover member 6b is located on the operator side of the power shovel, it blocks the view of the bucket body 6a. As a result, operations such as confirmation of work by the bucket body 6a are hindered.

Further, in the case where the hydraulic cylinder 6c is arranged as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the gripping force of the bucket body 6a and the cover member 6b may not be sufficient. This is because a hydraulic cylinder having a large output (large in size) cannot be arranged due to size restrictions.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the maximum opening degree of the cover member can be increased as much as possible without increasing the weight of the bucket, whereby the work by the bucket body is obstructed by the cover member. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bucket for civil engineering machines that can increase the gripping force of a cover member without increasing the size of the bucket without causing any trouble.

[0016]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bucket for a civil engineering machine mounted on a movable arm of the civil engineering machine, wherein the bucket body and an upper opening of the bucket body are substantially formed. A first cover member that covers and is openably and closably mounted, and an opening and closing mechanism that opens and closes the cover member with respect to the bucket body, wherein the first opening and closing mechanism is swingably attached to the bucket body side. A second cylinder device swingably mounted on the cover member side;
And a link member in which the movable members of the second cylinder device are connected to each other and swingably attached to the bucket body.

In this case, the maximum opening of the cover member can be increased as much as possible without increasing the weight of the bucket. Thereby, troubles such as the work by the bucket body being disturbed by the cover member do not occur.
Further, if the arrangement of the first and second cylinder devices and the link member is such that the leverage of the leverage is exerted, the gripping force by the cover member can be increased without changing the specifications of the second cylinder device. be able to.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bucket for a civil engineering machine, wherein the second cylinder is configured by arranging at least two cylinder devices such that their axes are substantially parallel to each other.

In this case, the degree of freedom in design can be increased even when the first cylinder device cannot be handled by one cylinder device due to limitations on the dimensions and shape of the bucket, and the two cylinder devices can be used. When used, the tightening force of the cover member is greater than when a single cylinder device is used, and two thin cylinder devices are less expensive for parts.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bucket for a civil engineering machine, wherein at least one of the first and second cylinder devices is constituted by a trunnion type cylinder device.

In this case, the position of the support portion is farther by the mounting portion in the normal type cylinder device, but the distance to the support portion can be shortened in the trunnion type cylinder device, so that the bucket can be downsized. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first cylinder device, the bucket is mounted so that the link member side is a piston rod and the piston rod substantially covers at least a side surface of the piston rod. The part is formed integrally with the link member or provided separately.

In this case, the piston rod of the first cylinder device can be protected from the side surface by the bulging portion, and the piston rod of the cylinder device is damaged at a civil engineering site having a bad environment, and the hydraulic cylinder is damaged. Accidents can be reduced.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A bucket for an earth-moving machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a bucket according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bucket, and FIG. 3 is a view in which a cover member is cut away from the plan view of FIG. It is. The members of the power shovel will be described with the same reference numerals as in the conventional drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present bucket 10 includes a substantially box-shaped bucket body 11 having an open upper part, and a cover member 13 rotatably attached to the bucket body 11 by a shaft attachment portion 12. The general configuration of the bucket is the same as that of the conventional bucket. A reinforcing plate 16 is integrally fixed to the opening edge of the bucket body 11.
, Four bucket tip claws 15 extending in the tip direction are integrally formed.

A bracket 14 is attached to the base end of the bucket body 11, and the bracket 14 is attached to the arm 4 of the power shovel. The bracket 14 is formed with a shaft mounting portion 17 to be connected to the tip of the arm 4 and a shaft mounting portion 18 to which the rotation drive link 4c is connected. Further, the bracket 14 includes
A shaft attachment portion 19 to which a base end of a first hydraulic cylinder 20 described later is connected is formed.

The cover member 13 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the opening of the bucket body 11, and three cover tip claws 21 projecting toward the tip of the cover member 13 are integrally formed. A swelling portion 22 is formed on the upper surface of the cover member 13, and a shaft attachment portion 25 to which a base end of a second hydraulic cylinder 23 described later is connected is formed in the swelling portion 22. The cover member 13 has six through holes 29 formed therein.

The vibration device 2 is provided in the space inside the cover member 13 so as not to interfere with the second hydraulic cylinder 23.
6 is attached. As the shaker 26,
An eccentric motor that is rotated using electric power generated by the power of the power shovel, a hydraulic vibrator that uses hydraulic pressure that leaks from the second hydraulic cylinder 23, and the like are used. By the vibration of the vibration device 26, the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13 are vibrated with each other, and an impact force due to the vibration is applied to the waste material or the like sandwiched therebetween to improve the crushing force.

The first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the second hydraulic cylinder 23 constitute a part of an opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the cover member 13 with respect to the bucket body 11. The opening / closing mechanism includes the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the second hydraulic cylinder 23, and a link member 27 whose base end is rotatably connected to the shaft attachment portion 12.

That is, the piston rod 20a of the first hydraulic cylinder 20 is connected to the shaft attachment portion 28 formed at the distal end of the link member 27 via the connection member 20b. Similarly, the piston rod 23a of the second hydraulic cylinder 23 is
b. The connecting member 20b has a U-shape, and the eyeball member 23b is formed between the U-shapes.
Are sandwiched between each other and are supported by the shaft support 28. These hydraulic cylinders 20,
When the members 23 are simultaneously extended and contracted, the distal end of the link member 27 swings about the pivot 12 in accordance with the extension and contraction, and the cover member 13 pivots about the pivot 12 in response to the swing. The opening and closing operation of the member 13 is performed. The state shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1 shows the state where the cover member 13 is opened.

As shown in FIG. 2, a cutter blade 30 is attached near the base end of the upper edge of the side edge of the bucket body 11,
A cutter blade 31 is attached near the base end of the lower edge of the side edge of the cover member 13 corresponding to the cutter blade 30,
When the cover member 13 closes the opening of the bucket body 11, the cutter blades 30, 31 rub against each other to cut a reinforcing bar or the like. It is preferable that at least one of the cutter blades 30 or 31 is detachably attached to the cover member 13 or the bucket body 11 by bolting or the like. This is because the worn cutter blade can be easily replaced.

On the inner surface near the tip of the cover member 13,
The crushing projection 33 is detachably attached to the bucket body 11 by bolting or the like in a protruding state, and two crushing projections 34 are integrally attached to the inner surface near the tip of the bucket body 11. When the cover member 13 closes the opening of the bucket body 11, the crushing projections 33 enter between the crushing projections 34, and the columns and beams positioned between the crushing projections 34 in a double-supported state are held by the crushing projections 33 and 34. And pillars are crushed. Since the crushing projection 33 is detachable, when the crushing is not intended, for example, when only an iron plate or a timber is sandwiched, if the crushing projection 33 is attached, the crushing projection 33 may be difficult to sandwich and may be removed and used.

A grid-like lattice member 36 is fixed to the bottom opening of the bucket body 11 and covers the bottom opening. The lattice member 36 is provided for passing the demolition residue, and the size of the lattice is determined according to the purpose. The mesh of the grid is set large, and another bar-shaped or grid-shaped grid member can be detachably attached between the grids by bolting or the like. Thereby, it is possible to make the size of the grid suitable for the site, work situation, and the like. The lattice member 36 is manufactured by punching with a press, punching with a drill, or the like.

The method of use and operation of the bucket body 10 will be described. The bucket body 10 is attached to the tip of the arm 4 of the power shovel. To this end, the bracket 14 is attached to the tip of the arm 4 with the shaft attachment portion 17, and the rotation drive link 4 c provided on the arm 4 side is attached to the shaft attachment portion 18 of the bracket 14. In addition, predetermined hydraulic piping (for example,
Step 38 in FIG. 1 is performed.

When dismantling a building or the like using the bucket 10, the hydraulic cylinders 2a, 3a attached to the power shovel are expanded and contracted, the boom 3 and the arm 4 are swung, and the bucket 10 is moved in a vertical plane. To draw a circular locus and move it to the desired location.

Next, the hydraulic cylinder 4a is expanded and contracted, and the bucket 10 is swung up and down about the shaft attachment portion 17. Further, when the first hydraulic cylinder 20 and the second hydraulic cylinder 23 are expanded and contracted, the cover member 13 is swung about the shaft attachment portion 12 and the opening of the bucket body 11 is opened and closed. At this time, the link member 27 supported by the shaft attachment portion 12 swings around the shaft attachment portion 12 and moves in and out of the inside space of the bracket 14. As described above, in the bucket 10, the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13 can be opened and closed in the vertical plane like vertical scissors.

While sequentially moving the position of the bucket 10,
The pinching and crushing operation is performed by the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13, and if necessary, the vibration device 26 is operated to transmit the vibration to the pinched waste material and the like, thereby promoting the crushing of the waste material and proceeding with the demolition work. . At this time, among those that cannot be broken just by being sandwiched, those that require cutting, such as a reinforcing bar, are cut between cutter blades 30, 31 provided on the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13. Among those that are not broken by merely sandwiching them, those that are thicker than the width of the cutter blades 30, 31 such as beams are crushed by being sandwiched between the crushing projections 33, 34 provided on the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13.

The soil and fine debris of the residue that has entered the bucket body 11 are sieved from the eyes of the lattice member 36 at the bottom opening of the bucket body 11, leaving only waste material.
Load it on trucks as it is. The rods and the like leaking from the bucket 10 are separated from the bucket body 11 and the cover member 13.
And reload the truck.

In order to disassemble a pillar or the like from the side,
By rotating the bucket 10 by about 90 ° in the boom 3,
The bucket body 11 and the cover member 1 are set to be in the sideways state and opened and closed like horizontal scissors in a horizontal plane.
3 and dismantled. In addition, the floor plate and the like are dismantled by protruding with the bucket tip nail 15 and the cover tip nail 21.

After the dismantling operation is completed, the bucket 10
Without changing the construction, the civil engineering work such as excavation and leveling is performed by the bucket body 11 in substantially the same manner as a general civil engineering bucket. That is, with the bucket 10 attached,
Demolition work and civil engineering work can be performed continuously, continuously, or appropriately interwoven.

[0041]

As described above, according to the bucket for civil engineering of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the bucket for an earth-moving machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the maximum opening of the cover member can be increased as much as possible without increasing the weight of the bucket. It is not disturbed by members.

In this case, if the arrangement of the first and second cylinder devices and the link member is such that the leverage of the leverage is exerted, the cover member can be used without changing the specifications of the second cylinder device. The gripping force can be increased.

According to the bucket for civil engineering of the second aspect of the present invention, even when a single cylinder device cannot be used as the first cylinder device due to limitations on the size and shape of the bucket, the bucket can be easily handled. The degree of freedom in design can be increased, and the tightening force of the cover member can be increased and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

According to the bucket for civil engineering of the third aspect of the present invention, the position of the support portion is farther by the mounting portion in the ordinary type cylinder device, but the distance to the support portion in the trunnion type is reduced. It is possible to make the bucket close, and the bucket can be downsized.

According to the bucket for civil engineering of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the piston rod of the first cylinder device can be protected from the side by the bulging portion. Accidents such as damaging the piston rod and damaging the hydraulic cylinder can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a bucket for a civil engineering machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the civil engineering machine bucket of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing a state where a cover member is cut away from FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a power shovel as a conventional civil engineering machine.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another bucket mounted on the arm of the power shovel of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view showing a closed state of the bucket shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a view showing still another bucket mounted on the power shovel of FIG. 4;

8 is a diagram showing a state in which ground excavation and leveling are performed by the bucket of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Running part 2 Body 2a Hydraulic cylinder 3 Boom 3a Hydraulic cylinder 4 Arm 4a Hydraulic cylinder 4b, 4c Rotation drive link 10 Bucket 11 Bucket body 12 Shaft attaching part 13 Cover member 14 Bracket 17 Shaft attaching part 18 Shaft attaching part 19 Shaft attaching part Reference Signs List 20 first hydraulic cylinder 23 second hydraulic cylinder 25 shaft attachment part 27 link member 28 shaft attachment part

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bucket for an earth-moving machine mounted on a movable arm of the earth-moving machine, comprising: a bucket body; a cover member which is attached to the bucket body so as to be openable and closable substantially over an upper opening of the bucket body; An opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing the main body, wherein the opening and closing mechanism is a first cylinder device swingably attached to the bucket body side, and a first cylinder device swingably attached to the cover member side. And the first and second cylinder devices.
A movable member of the cylinder device is connected to each other, and the link member is swingably attached to the bucket body side. 2. The bucket according to claim 1, wherein the second cylinder is configured by arranging at least two cylinder devices such that their axes are substantially parallel to each other. 3. The bucket according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second cylinder devices is constituted by a trunnion type cylinder device. 4. The first cylinder device, wherein the link member side is attached so as to be a piston rod, and a bulging portion that covers at least a side surface of the piston rod is formed integrally with the link member or is separately formed. The bucket for an earth-moving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bucket is provided as a body.