JPH11350516A - Power shovel bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To promote crushing ability of a power shovel bucket. SOLUTION: A power shovel bucket is equipped at the front end of a power shovel, and openings of bucket main bodies 51-59 are opened and closed with a cover 6. Then, it is equipped with a thruster 82 having the front ends 82a and 62 in order, a vibrator 81 thereof and an edge tool or a projection 83 provided in the thruster 82 by directing the openings. By the constitution, demolition works and earth-moving works are continuously carried out without changing the bucket, at the same time, in the case of the demolition work, an earthen floor and the foundation are thrusted down, and columns and walls can be cut off/crushed down at a stretch.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bucket for a power shovel, and more particularly, to a bucket for a power shovel suitable for dismantling a building or the like. In this specification, a power shovel is used in a broad sense including a backhoe and so-called yumbo.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional power shovel shown in FIG. 4A, a boom 3, an arm 4, and a bucket 5 are connected to a rotatable body 2 on a traveling unit 1 in order. The hydraulic cylinder 2a connected to the body 2 and the boom 3 expands and contracts, so that the boom 3 swings in a vertical plane with the base end on the body 2 side as a fulcrum.
The arm 4 swings in the same vertical plane starting from the tip of the boom 3 by the expansion and contraction of a hydraulic cylinder 3a connected to the arm 4 and the drive link 4b, which converts the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 4a into rotation. The bucket 5 also swings by 4c.

There are various types of buckets that can be mounted on the tip of the arm 4 of this power shovel according to the work.
For example, in addition to general box-shaped civil engineering buckets, there are demolition buckets that can be pinched, etc.When performing a series of work such as house demolition and leveling there, previously, those buckets were replaced. As described above, the bucket 5 can easily perform both the demolition work and the civil engineering work without exchanging the bucket (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-18335).

That is, a cover portion 5b is added to the bucket body portion 5a from the opening side.
The base of the cover 5b is pivotally supported by the tip of the arm 4 together with the bucket body 5a, and the cover 5b and the hydraulic cylinder are rotated so that the cover 5b swings in the opposite direction to the bucket body 5a in accordance with expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 4a. 4a is connected via a link 5c. Thus, when the hydraulic cylinder 4a is expanded and contracted, the distal ends of the bucket body 5a and the cover 5b are separated from each other, and the opening of the bucket body 5a is
b (see FIG. 4B,
(C)).

In this case, if the cover 5b is opened with respect to the opening of the bucket body 5a, the bucket body 5a performs the same function as the civil engineering bucket with the opening as an entrance for the object to be processed. Further, if the cover 5b is opened and closed with respect to the opening of the bucket body 5a, the object to be processed is pinched at the opening by the separation of the bucket body 5a and the cover 5b at this time, and furthermore, It performs the same function as a dismantling bucket / dismantling unit, such as crushing. Moreover, both of these functions are exhibited by the same bucket. Thus, the demolition work and the civil engineering work can be continuously performed without performing the bucket exchange.

[0006]

However, even with such a power shovel bucket, the efficiency of demolition work may not be sufficient. Concretely, it is relatively firmly fixed and hard to pinch like dirt or foundation, or it takes time to squeeze or cut even if it can be pinched like a pillar or wall Some are apt.

Therefore, in order to not only perform both the demolition work and the civil engineering work, but also to further improve the performance and efficiency of the work itself, it is an issue to improve the crushing ability for the ditches and the columns and the like. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to realize a power shovel bucket having a high crushing ability.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems First to fourth solving means invented to solve such problems are as follows.
The configuration and operation and effect will be described below.

[First Solution] A power shovel bucket according to a first solution (as described in claim 1 at the beginning of the application) is a power shovel bucket mounted on an end of an arm of the power shovel. This is provided with a projection provided with the tips aligned, and a vibrating means therefor.

Here, the above-mentioned "provided with the tips aligned"
This means that the tip is provided with its tip directed toward the tip of the bucket, and the tip of the tip and the tip of the bucket are at or near the same position.

In the power shovel bucket according to the first solution, when the vibrating means is operated, the protrusion is vibrated by this. Since they are aligned, the tip of the protrusion vibrates at the tip of the bucket so as to repeatedly advance and retreat. Therefore, at the time of dismantling work, if the vibrating means is activated after applying the tip of the bucket to the object to be crushed such as soil or foundation, those objects are crushed one after another by the tip of the vigorously moving back and forth, so immediately Crushed. Then, using the same bucket, civil works such as scooping out the crushed object and clearing it or leveling the ground are performed.

[0012] Thus, the demolition work and the civil engineering work can be continuously performed without performing the bucket exchange, and in the demolition work, a shape that is relatively firmly fixed, such as a dirt or a foundation, and is hard to be pinched. Even if it is, it will be easily crushed. Therefore, according to the present invention, a bucket for a power shovel having a high crushing ability can be realized.

[Second Solution] A power shovel bucket according to a second solution (as described in claim 2 at the beginning of the application) is a power shovel in which an opening of a bucket body is opened and closed by a cover portion. The bucket for use is provided with a blade or a projection provided so as to face the opening, and a vibrating means therefor.

In the power shovel bucket according to the second solution, when the vibrating means is operated, the blade or the projection is vibrated by this, but the blade or the projection is closed by the opening of the bucket. Because they are facing
The blade or projection vibrates at the opening of the bucket.
Therefore, during demolition work, the object to be crushed, such as a pillar or wall, is sandwiched between the bucket body and the cover while being applied to the blade, etc., and the vibrating means is activated. Then they are cut or crushed at once. Then, using the same bucket, civil works such as scooping out the crushed object and clearing it or leveling the ground are performed.

[0015] Thus, the demolition work and the civil engineering work can be continuously performed without exchanging the buckets, and in the demolition work, it takes time to crush or cut even if it can be pinched like a pillar or a wall. Even those that tend to be broken easily. Therefore, according to the present invention, a bucket for a power shovel having a high crushing ability can be realized.

[Third Solution] A bucket for a power shovel according to a third solution (as described in claim 3 at the beginning of the application) is mounted on the tip of an arm of the power shovel so that an opening of a bucket body portion is formed. In a bucket for a power shovel that is opened and closed by a cover portion, a protrusion provided with the tips aligned, a vibrating means thereof, and a blade or a protrusion provided on the protrusion with the opening facing the opening are provided. Things.

Here, the above-mentioned "provided with the tips aligned" means that the tip is provided with the tip directed toward the tip of the bucket body or the cover, and the tip of the tip is attached to the bucket body or This means a state in which the tip of the cover portion is at or near the same position.

In the power shovel bucket according to the third solution, both advantages of the first and second solutions are provided. That is, while the demolition work and the civil engineering work are continuously performed without performing the bucket exchange, in the demolition work, even if it can be pinched like a pillar or a wall, it takes time to squeeze or cut. Even if it is, it is easily broken even if it is relatively firmly fixed like a dirt floor or a foundation, and has a shape that is hard to pinch.

Moreover, when the vibrating means for the projection is operated, the blade or the projection also vibrates, but the projection operates at the tip, whereas the blade or the projection operates at the opening. These can be used separately without interfering with each other even if they vibrate at the same time. As a result, the common use of the vibration means is achieved without impairing the crushing function and the usability at all, and the increase in the number of parts is suppressed. Therefore, according to the present invention, a power shovel bucket having a high crushing ability can be realized in a compact and inexpensive manner.

[Fourth Solution] A power shovel bucket according to a fourth solution (as described in claim 4 at the beginning of the application) is a power shovel bucket mounted on the tip of an arm of the power shovel. The bucket body is formed with a sieve-like portion, and the sieve-like portion is partially detachable.

In the power shovel bucket according to the fourth solution, the objects to be dismantled, such as slabs and pillars, which have been crushed by the bucket or the like, are crushed or crushed and scooped into the bucket body. It is captured. Then, when the bucket is lifted by the arm alone or when the bucket is shaken, the earth and sand scooped together with the object to be dismantled is sieved off through the sieve portion of the bucket body, and waste materials and the like should be removed. Things remain in the bucket.

Moreover, since a part of the sieve-like portion is detachable, by attaching or detaching the detachable portion, the mesh of the sieve becomes finer or coarser, so that the sieve can be used as a sieve. The characteristics will be switched. Therefore, it can be easily adapted to working conditions such as whether the soil is viscous or sandy, whether it is dry and easy to fall, or wet and difficult to remove, or whether small objects are removed or not. . Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a bucket for a power shovel which is also suitable for a process of removing crushed materials and the like.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The preferred embodiment for carrying out the power shovel bucket of the present invention achieved by such a solution is that the bucket itself mounted on the arm of the power shovel has an arm at its base. Is bidirectionally rotatable (a predetermined angle or an arbitrary angle) about an imaginary axis substantially parallel to this axis. Alternatively, the base and the tip of the arm on which the bucket is mounted or the boom that supports the arm are relatively bidirectionally rotatable (predetermined angle or arbitrary angle) about the axis.

In this case, for example, when it is desired to pinch the standing column with the bucket, the above-mentioned rotating portion is first rotated appropriately to make the bucket sideways, and then the arm or the like is swung. Then, the bucket moves in a plane such as a horizontal plane or an inclined plane. Thus, it is possible to easily perform the processing from the side even when the body such as the driver's seat is fixed. Then, by oscillating the column or wall from the side and applying vibration, it is also possible to easily crush it in a folded manner.

[0025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a bucket for a power shovel according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1A is a front view in a closed state, FIG. 1B is a side view in a closed state, and FIG. 1C is a side view in an open state. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the bucket is rotated by 180 °, wherein (a) is a side view, and (b) and (c) are rear views. The bucket 50 includes bucket main bodies 51 to 59
And cover portions 61 to 64 added thereto, cutting members 71 and 72 added to both of them, and crushing reinforcing members 81 to 83 (see FIG. 1).

The bucket main bodies 51 to 59 are formed in a box shape with a large opening almost in the same manner as the conventional bucket 5 for storing a processing object such as earth and sand. Specifically, a bucket base 5 attached to the tip of the arm of the power shovel
1, a bucket abdomen 56 extending from the tip to the tip side while forming an opening, a bucket edge 57 for reinforcing the side of the opening, a bucket edge 58 for reinforcing the tip of the opening, A bucket tip pawl 59 extending further from the bucket edge 58 is provided.

The bucket base 51 has a shaft attachment 52 so that it can be attached to the tip of the arm 4 of the power shovel.
Is formed, and the rotary drive link 4c is configured to swing by receiving the drive by the hydraulic cylinder 4a of the arm 4.
Are also formed. The cover 6
1 to 64 are pivotally supported so that they can be opened and closed.
Near the opening, a shaft attachment portion 54 is formed. Further, a shaft attachment portion 53 for supporting one end of a hydraulic cylinder 64 described later is also formed. Note that the shaft attachment portion 55 formed on the bucket abdomen 56 side is formed at a position shifted to the shaft attachment portion 52 or the shaft attachment portion 53 side of the shaft attachment portion 54 so that the bucket abdomen 56 becomes larger than before. Have been.

The cover portions 61 to 64 include a cover plate portion 61 having a size generally corresponding to the opening of the bucket body portions 51 to 59, including a cover tip claw extending further therefrom. 62 and the hydraulic cylinder 6
A shaft attachment portion 63 for connecting the other end of 4 is also formed. The base end of the cover plate 61 is attached to the shaft attaching portion 54 of the bucket base 51, and then the hydraulic cylinder 64 is attached to the shaft attaching portion 63 of the cover plate 61 and the shaft attaching portion 53 of the bucket base 51. Can be Thereby, in accordance with the expansion / contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 64, the bucket body 51
Openings 59 to 59 are opened and closed by covers 61 to 64. In addition, the opening and closing can be performed independently of the hydraulic cylinder 4a of the arm 4.

The cutting members 71 and 72 are connected to the edge 57 of the bucket.
And a large blade cutter 72 provided on the cover plate portion 61 or its reinforcing member.
They are arranged at positions corresponding to each other so as to rub when closing the openings 59 to 59, and exert a cutting force like scissors.

The crushing reinforcing members 81 to 83 are provided on the cover plate 6.
A vibrating unit 81 provided so as to be partially embedded in the back surface of the hammer rod 1, a hammer rod 82 extending from a vibrating portion of the vibrating unit 81, and a middle part of the hammer rod 82 provided by welding or the like. And a small blade cutter 83. The vibration unit 81 and the hammer rod 82 can be realized at low cost by modifying a mounting portion of the rock drill. Then, the hammer rod 82 vibrates by the operation of the vibration unit 81, and its tip 82a
Is retracted, but at the time of retreat or non-vibration, the hammer rod tip 82a is slightly retracted from the cover tip claw 62, and at the time of forward movement, the hammer rod tip 82a is formed to have a length protruding beyond the cover tip claw 62. It is mounted in such a direction. Thereby, the hammer rod 8
Reference numeral 2 denotes a projection provided with the tips aligned, and the vibration unit 81 is a vibration means.

Further, when the hammer rod 82 and the vibrating unit 81 are mounted on the cover plate portion 61, the small blade cutter 83 is in a state of protruding from the side surface of the hammer rod 82 toward the bucket body portions 51 to 59. Is done. When the covers 61 to 64 close the openings of the bucket bodies 51 to 59, the small blade cutter 83 and the bucket edge 5 are closed.
The small blade cutter 83 is disposed at a position where the small blade 8 and the small blade 8 face each other, and the columns and beams sandwiched therebetween are securely held. When the hammer rod 82 vibrates due to the operation of the vibration unit 81, the small blade cutter 83
It vibrates with it. Thereby, the small blade cutter 8
Reference numeral 3 denotes a blade or a projection provided on the projection with the opening facing, and the vibration unit 81 also functions as the vibration means.

The bucket abdomen 56 of the bucket body will be described in detail (see FIG. 2).
A pair of side plates 56a in which screw portions 56b and welding portions 56c are alternately formed on the bottom edge portion (see FIG. 2A), and the side plate 56a and the bucket edge portion 58 by welding at the welding portion 56c or the like. (See FIG. 2 (b)). This also includes a variable grating 5
6e is also attached, and the variable grid 56e can be attached to the side plate 56a in a state of being superimposed on the side plate 56a, and can be easily attached and detached by bolting at the threaded portion 56b at the time of attachment. (See FIG. 2C). As a result, the bucket body has the bucket abdomen 56 formed with the sieve-like portions 56d and 56e.

The fixed grid 56d is formed by welding bars in rows and columns, punching out a window portion while leaving a frame portion, or drilling a large number of through holes, and has a lattice shape with a coarse grain. It has become. On the other hand, the variable grating 56e
Is a plurality of bars or fixed grids 5 mounted in parallel.
Although it is a grid-like member similar to 6d, when it is mounted on the side plate 56a, the bar or frame comes to a position that divides the window of the fixed grid 56d (see FIG. 2 (c)). As a result, the sieve-like portion of the bucket body has a portion 56e which is detachable and the size of the eyes can be changed.

The excavator bucket 5 of this embodiment
With respect to 0, its use mode and operation will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state where the bucket 50 is mounted on the arm 4 of the power shovel. In addition,
In the illustration of the covers 61 to 64 in the same figure, the closed state is indicated by a solid line, and the open state is indicated by a two-dot chain line. Also,
When the work site is dry and the earth mass is fragile and easily broken, a variable grid 56e is also attached to the bucket abdomen 56. After raining or watering, if the work site is wet and mud is likely to adhere to the fine lattice window, the variable lattice 56e should be removed from the bucket abdomen 56.

At the time of attachment to the arm 4, the shaft mounting portion 52 of the bucket base 51 is mounted so as to be supported by the tip of the arm 4, and the shaft mounting portion 5 of the bucket base 51 is mounted.
5 is attached to the rotary drive link 4c, and further, a hydraulic pipe (not shown) to the hydraulic cylinder 64 and the vibration unit 81 is appropriately connected through the inside of the arm 4 or the like.
The boom 3 of the power shovel includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder fitted to the outer cylinder so that relative bidirectional rotation about a concentric axis can be performed. In this way, the bucket 50 is mounted on the power shovel, and preparation for the demolition work and the civil engineering work using the power shovel is completed.

When performing the dismantling work using this power shovel, the rotation state of the base and the end of the boom 3 is set to a predetermined initial state, and each hydraulic control valve is operated. Then, the hydraulic cylinders 2a, 3a expand and contract, and the bucket 50 moves along a circular locus in a vertical plane with the swing of the boom 3 and the arm 4. Also, the hydraulic cylinder 4a expands and contracts, and the bucket 50 swings up and down around the shaft attachment portion 52 (FIG. 3A,
(B)). Further, in any state, when the hydraulic cylinder 64 expands and contracts, the cover portions 61 to 64 swing about the shaft attachment portion 54, and the bucket body portions 51 to 5
9 are opened and closed (see FIGS. 1B and 1C). Thus, the bucket 50, whether facing forward, obliquely upward, or obliquely downward, behaves like a vertical scissors in a vertical plane.

Accordingly, the dismantling operation is performed by sandwiching and crushing the object to be treated such as the waste material between the bucket body portions 51 to 59 and the cover portions 61 to 64. At this time, among those which cannot be broken just by being sandwiched, those which need to be cut, such as a reinforcing bar, are cut by being sandwiched between the large blade cutters 71 and 72. Further, among the items that are not broken just by being sandwiched and that are thicker than the large blade cutters 71 and 72, such as beams, the vibration unit 81 is operated after being sandwiched between the bucket body portions 51 to 59 and the small blade cutter 83. Thus,
The roof, beams, and even the upper part of the wall are crushed at once.

The crushed material is immediately transferred to the bucket 50.
Fits within. Then, when the bucket abdomen 56 is on the lower side, the fixed grid 56d or the fixed grid 56d and the variable grid 5d
The soil and fine debris are sieved out from the window 6e, that is, the gap, leaving only the waste material to be carried out. Further, a bar or the like that has fallen out of the bucket 50 when it is folded or the like may be reloaded between the buckets 50 and then loaded onto a truck or the like. In this way, the work of dismantling the beams and walls is performed more efficiently than in the past. In addition, since it is possible to avoid loading of undesired materials such as earth and sand into a truck or the like by adding a natural or some sieving operation, the burden of transportation and disposal is reduced by that much.

Next, the base and the end of the boom 3 are relatively rotated by about 90 °. Then, along with that, the bucket 50 is in a horizontal state with the side surfaces up and down, and opens and closes like horizontal scissors in a horizontal plane. Therefore, the columns and the like are sandwiched between the bucket body portions 51 to 59 and the small blade cutter 83 from the side, and the vibration unit 8
Activate 1 In this way, the pillars and the side of the wall are crushed at once, and the dismantling work is performed more efficiently than before.

Then, the floor plate or the like is pinched and crushed by the bucket 50 or the bucket tip nail 59 or the cover tip nail 62.
And dismantle it. On the other hand, a hammer rod tip 82a is not easily broken even if it is struck by the bucket tip nail 59 or the cover tip nail 62 such as a base.
, The vibration unit 81 may be operated. Then, the solid thing is also quickly crushed.
In this way, the base, the floor, the foundation, and the like are easily crushed, and the dismantling work is performed efficiently.

After the disassembly operation is completed, the bucket body portions 51 to 59 are opened with the cover portions 61 to 64 opened.
While operating the same as a general civil engineering bucket,
Performs civil works such as excavation and leveling. Thus, bucket 5
Civil work after demolition work can also be performed without replacing 0. In addition, the demolition work and the civil engineering work can be performed continuously, continuously, or appropriately interwoven while the bucket 50 is mounted.

In the above-described embodiment, only one hammer rod 82 and small blade cutter 83 are provided. However, the number of these is not limited to one, and a plurality of them may be provided. Also, the attachment site is not limited to the center, but may be at both ends or one end. Further, the hammer rod 82 is not limited to a round bar, but may be a square bar or another shape, and may have a sharp tip. Further, the small blade cutter 83 is not limited to a blade, but is useful as long as it has a hard protruding shape.

[0043]

As is apparent from the above description, in the power shovel bucket according to the first solution of the present invention, the demolition work and the civil engineering work are continuously performed, and at the time of the demolition work, the space between the soil and the ground is required. Since the foundation and the like can be crushed, there is an advantageous effect that a power shovel bucket having a high crushing ability can be realized.

In the bucket for power shovel according to the second solution of the present invention, the demolition work and the civil engineering work are continuously performed, and the impact force and the shear force are strengthened by the vibration, so that the demolition work can be performed. Since the pillars and walls are cut and crushed at a stretch, an advantageous effect is achieved in that a power shovel bucket having a high crushing ability can be realized.

Further, in the bucket for a power shovel according to the third solution of the present invention, the vibration means are commonly used without impairing the crushing function and the usability by the protrusions and the blades. In addition, there is an advantageous effect that a power shovel bucket having a high crushing ability can be realized compactly and inexpensively.

Further, in the bucket for power shovel according to the fourth solution of the present invention, a part of the sieve-like portion is detachably attached so that the size of the sieve mesh can be easily switched, so that the crushing is performed. There is an advantageous effect that a bucket for a power shovel suitable for a removal process of an object or the like can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 (a) is a front view, FIG. 1 (b) is a side view, and FIG. 1 (c) shows an embodiment of a power shovel bucket according to the present invention.
Is a side view of the open state.

FIG. 2A is a side view, and FIGS. 2B and 2C are rear views in a state where the bucket is rotated by 180 °.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state where the bucket is mounted on an arm.

FIG. 4 shows a conventional power shovel and its bucket.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Running part (foot circumference; leg; moving base) 2 Body (vehicle body; turning base) 2a Hydraulic cylinder 3 Boom 3a Hydraulic cylinder 4 Arm 4a Hydraulic cylinder 4b, 4c Rotation drive link 5 Bucket 5a Bucket main body 5b Cover part 5c Opening / closing drive link 50 Bucket (excavator; crusher; gripper; civil engineering demolition actuator) 51 Bucket base (bucket main body) 52 Shaft attachment part (attachment part to arm tip) 53 Shaft attachment part (cover opening / closing drive member) 54 Shaft attachment part (cover pivot attachment part, cover rotation fulcrum) 55 Shaft attachment part (bucket rotation drive link attachment part) 56 Bucket abdomen (inside opening, bucket body) 56a Side plate 56b Threaded portion 56c Welded portion 56d Fixed grid (fixed member, mesh member, sieve member) 56e Variable grid (detachable member, mesh member, 57, 58 Bucket edge portion (opening forming portion, bucket body portion) 59 Bucket tip claw 61 Cover plate portion (cover portion) 62 Cover tip claw 63 Shaft attachment portion (cover opening / closing drive member mounting portion) 64 Hydraulic cylinder (Cover opening / closing drive unit) 71, 72 Large blade cutter 81 Vibration unit (vibration source, forward / backward drive means, vibration means) 82 Hammer rod (hitting member, impactor, crushing rod, collision rod, projection) 82a Hammer rod Tip 83 Small blade cutter (knife or protrusion)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bucket for a power shovel mounted on an end of an arm of the power shovel, wherein the bucket has a projection provided with the ends aligned, and a vibrating means therefor. 2. A power shovel bucket in which an opening of a bucket body is opened and closed by a cover, comprising: a blade or a projection provided with the opening facing, and a vibrating means therefor. Excavator bucket. 3. A power shovel bucket which is mounted on an arm tip of a power shovel and whose opening of a bucket body is opened and closed by a cover portion. A bucket for a power shovel, comprising: a blade or a projection provided on the projection with the opening facing. 4. A bucket for a power shovel mounted on an end of an arm of a power shovel, wherein a bucket body is formed with a sieve portion, and the sieve portion is partially removable. A bucket for a power shovel, characterized in that: