JP2005009220A - Bucket with lid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently crush a raw material charged into a crushing bucket while preventing the raw material from being scattered to the outside of the bucket during crushing treatment. <P>SOLUTION: The bucket with a lid which is rockingly provided at the front end of a civil work machine comprises a lid member 30 having a lid resilient plate 32 on the reverse for opening/closing operation at an opening 25 into which the raw material is charged. The raw material is crushed by a crushing rotor having crushing teeth 21 and the raw material is prevented from being scattered to the outside of a bucket body 10 by closing the lid member 30. Furthermore, the raw material is guided to the side of the crushing rotor by a raw material guide member 33 provided on the reverse of the lid member 30 and the raw material is gradually crushed between the lid resilient plate 32 and itself. The crushed products are discharged from a bottom discharge port 27 of the bucket. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a lidded bucket that is attached to the tip of an arm of a civil engineering machine and has a crushing function for crushing the raw material, and more specifically, the raw material that is crushed from the opening of the bucket when crushing the raw material This invention relates to a bucket with a lid that prevents splashing and further promotes crushing and increases crushing efficiency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many industrial wastes, such as asphalt glass and concrete waste, are discharged and become a social problem for road repairs and the demolition of buildings. In the past, many were disposed of for landfill, but now many are reused from the viewpoint of environmental conservation. In particular, waste materials such as concrete have a large amount and most of them can be reused. Therefore, the reuse is strongly desired.
[0003]
The role of civil engineering buckets that directly process these waste materials is large. There is a civil engineering machine that not only collects raw materials such as waste materials, transports them to other places and replaces them, but also has a function of crushing the raw materials during the collection process in the bucket. As an example of the simple method of bucket crushing, what provided various crushing apparatuses in the bucket is proposed.
[0004]
As these examples, a pair of crushers that squeeze and crush waste material such as concrete lumps scraped into a bucket are detachably mounted, and the waste material is scooped and crushed and discharged as it is (for example, Patent Document 1). Further, there is also known an operation body provided with crushing teeth in a bucket so as to be capable of reciprocating, and crushing concrete waste material with a fixed crushing tooth provided in the bucket (for example, Patent Document 2). Furthermore, it is also known that a pair of rotating shafts are provided in the scooping device in the bucket, large, medium and small crushing tooth plates are attached to each rotating shaft, and the concrete blocks are crushed into small pieces by the tooth plate group by rotating the rotating shafts. (For example, Patent Document 3).
[0005]
For buckets with lids, a drum crusher with a drum cutter composed of a fixed blade and a rotary blade is attached to the tip of the arm, and waste material is cut / crushed between the fixed blade and the rotary blade. (For example, Patent Document 4). In this drum crusher, a pressing plate is provided for pressing the waste material in the frame toward the drum cutter, so that when the waste material is crushed, the waste material is prevented from popping out, and the crushing / cutting operation and the sieving operation can be used together.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-121748 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-9-316912 [Patent Document 3]
JP 10-30247 A [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-113198
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the technique described in the above-mentioned patent document, a large driving torque or the like is necessary for driving a drive motor or the like that crushes raw materials such as crushed materials. However, a driving body such as a driving motor must be attachable to the bucket, and it is difficult to use a large driving body having a large driving torque or the like. Moreover, in the crushing apparatus using drive bodies, such as a drive motor according to the magnitude | size of the bucket, there existed a problem that the capability to crush a crushed material will become a low thing.
[0008]
Therefore, development of the bucket which incorporated the crushing apparatus suitable for crushing raw materials, such as a crushed material, efficiently in a bucket was desired. Furthermore, in the bucket having the crushing function, the crushed material often jumps out of the bucket during the crushing operation, or powdered crushed powder is scattered out of the bucket, and the surrounding work environment is often deteriorated. For this reason, the thing of the structure which provides a lid | cover in a crushing bucket is proposed as mentioned above, and is well-known. However, the lid function has only an effect of preventing scattering. Further, in addition to preventing scattering, there is a need for a crushing bucket that ensures crushing.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and achieves the following object.
The object of the present invention is to secure a wide space in the bucket body efficiently by pushing the raw material introduced from the opening of the bucket with a lid having a repulsion plate, and also from the opening during the crushing operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a bucket with a lid that can prevent splashing to the outside of the bucket.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The bucket with a lid according to the first aspect of the present invention is swingably provided at the tip of an arm of a civil engineering machine, and is provided with a bucket body in which an opening for feeding the raw material is formed, and is rotatably provided in the bucket main body. A crushing rotor provided with one or more crushing teeth on the outer periphery for crushing, and for opening and closing the opening, the crushing rotor is provided so as to be swingable relative to the bucket body, and the opening is closed A lid member for preventing a part of the raw material to be crushed in the bucket body from being scattered from the opening to the outside of the bucket body, and a back surface of the lid member, and closing the opening. And a lid repellent member for auxiliary crushing of the raw material in the bucket body.
[0011]
The bucket with a lid according to the second aspect of the present invention is the raw material induction that guides the lid member into the crushing rotor side in the bucket body by the operation of closing the raw material charged into the bucket body from the opening to the lid member in the first aspect. A member is provided. The crushing efficiency can be increased.
The bucket with a lid according to the third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, a main body repulsion member is fixed in the bucket main body along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor. The crushing efficiency can be increased.
[0012]
A bucket with a lid according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect selected from the first to third aspects of the present invention, a discharge port for discharging the crushed raw material is provided in the bottom of the bucket body. . Since the crushed crushed material can always be continuously discharged from the discharge port, the raw material can be continuously fed into the bucket body.
A bucket with a lid according to a fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the lid member swings and opens and closes by a driving force of a driving device provided on the arm. By providing a drive device on the arm, the bucket configuration can be simplified.
[0013]
A bucket with a lid according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the bucket according to the first to fourth aspects, wherein the lid member is provided with a holding member that fixes and maintains the lid member at a predetermined position with the arm, and the bucket body is disposed on the lid member side. And the opening is closed. Since the opening portion is opened and closed by the operation of the bucket body, a driving device for opening and closing the lid member is not required, and the configuration is simplified.
The bucket with a lid according to the present invention 7 is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect of the present invention, a discharge member that discharges only fine crushed material is provided at the discharge port of the bucket body. The coarse-grained raw material is re-crushed and discharged as fine-grained crushed material. The discharged crushed material always has a constant particle size.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of a backhoe (civil engineering machine) to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the bucket of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a front view of the bucket showing another embodiment of the present invention. It is. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the bottom portion of the bucket body showing another embodiment of the present invention. The backhoe 1 is a civil engineering machine of the same system as a power shovel and is a publicly known civil excavator.
[0015]
It is generally applied to excavation of the ground at a lower position than the machine, and is suitable for operations such as drilling and trenching. The backhoe 1 is self-propelled and can move to any position via the crawler 2. A first swing arm 4 is provided on the base 3 via a support shaft (not shown), and the first cylinder 5 rotates in the direction of arrow A about the support shaft.
[0016]
The first swivel arm 4 is provided with a second swivel arm 6 via a support shaft 6a, and a second cylinder 7 provided on the first swivel arm 4 performs a swivel operation around the support shaft 6a in the direction of arrow B. . A bucket 9 is swingably provided at the tip of the second revolving arm 6 via a support shaft 15. The second swivel arm 6 is provided with a bucket cylinder 8, and the tip of the piston rod 8a of the bucket cylinder 8 is coupled to one end of the coupling members 19a and 19b via a shaft 19c so as to be relatively rotatable.
[0017]
The other end of the connecting member 19b is attached to the second turning arm 6 via a shaft 19d so as to be relatively rotatable. The other end of the connecting member 19a is attached to the bucket body 10 via a shaft 18 so as to be relatively rotatable. That is, when the piston rod 8 a moves forward and backward by the driving force of the bucket cylinder 8, the bucket body 10 swings in the direction of arrow C about the support shaft 15.
[0018]
The base 3 is configured to be able to turn in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the bucket 9 can be moved to any position in the turning range, and its direction can be changed. The bucket body 10 of the bucket 9 is for scooping up crushed materials (excavated material) such as asphalt glass and concrete lump and collecting them inside.
[0019]
Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described as a bucket having a discharge port for discharging the crushed raw material at the bottom and crushing the charged raw material. In the upper part of the bucket body 10 of the bucket 9, an opening 25 for introducing raw materials such as waste materials and crushed materials is provided. The crushed material 40 scooped up by the claw member 10a and the like is put into the bucket body 10 from the opening 25 along the front wall 10b and the like.
[0020]
The rotor shaft 20 is rotatably provided on the bucket body 10 and is driven via a speed reducer by a drive device such as a motor (not shown) disposed outside the bucket body 10. A rotor disk 22 is fixed to the rotor shaft 20, and the rotor shaft 20 and the rotor disk 22 constitute a crushing rotor and rotate integrally. One or a plurality (12 in this embodiment) of crushing teeth 21 are detachably fixed to the outer periphery of the rotor disk 22. The crushing teeth 21 are made of a hard and wear-resistant material. When the crushing surface is worn, the crushing teeth 21 can be individually replaced.
[0021]
The interior of the bucket body 10 constitutes a crushing chamber 26 that crushes the crushed material 40 that has been charged. The inner wall of the crushing chamber 26 is covered with a hard material. A main body repellent member 24 is detachably fixed to a part of the inner wall. The main body repulsion member 24 is provided along the outer periphery of the crushing rotor, and crushes the crushed material 40 between the crushing teeth 21. Yes. A lid member 30 is provided on the upper portion of the bucket body 10 so as to be swingable in the direction of arrow D about a shaft 31 provided on the bucket body 10.
[0022]
The second revolving arm 6 is provided with a lid member opening / closing cylinder 34 as a driving device via a shaft 35. The lid member 30 is for preventing the crushed material from being scattered from the opening 25 to the outside of the bucket 9 during the crushing operation when the crushed material 40 is being crushed in the crushing chamber 26. The cylinder rod 34 a of the lid member opening / closing cylinder 34 is provided on the attachment portion 30 a on the upper surface of the lid member 30 via a shaft 36.
[0023]
The reason why the lid member opening / closing cylinder 34 is provided in the second revolving arm 6 is to simplify the periphery of the crushing bucket. Although it is known that the crushing bucket body has a drive device and opens and closes the lid member, the crushing bucket has a complicated configuration, and there is a drawback in that a structural restriction is imposed on the raw material charging configuration. Further, by providing the lid member opening / closing cylinder 34 on the second revolving arm 6, a large pressing force can be obtained with a small driving force. Although the drive device has been described as the lid member opening / closing cylinder 34, it may be a hydraulic motor, an electric motor via a screw member, or the like.
[0024]
A lid repulsion member 32 and a raw material guide member 33 are detachably provided on the back surface of the lid member 30. The lid repulsion member 32 is provided on the back surface so as to be disposed along the outer periphery of the crushing rotor when the lid member 30 is closed. The raw material guide member 33 guides the crushed material 40, which is scooped up by the claw member 10a and the like, and introduced into the bucket body 10 from the front wall 10b side to the crushed rotor side. The shape of the raw material guide member 33 is a shape that can guide the crushed material 40 from the front wall 10b side to the crushed rotor side, for example, a plate-like shape.
[0025]
The crushing rotor to which the crushing teeth 21 are attached, the main body repulsion member 24, the lid repulsion member 32, and the like may constitute a so-called impact crushing device (impact crusher). It is also called an impact crusher or a hammer crusher. In this embodiment, the example in which the repellent member is provided as a single unit is described. However, the repellent member is separable and may be provided by being divided into a plurality.
[0026]
When the repellent member constituted by being divided is significantly worn, only the portion can be replaced. Further, although an example in which a lid repellent member 32 is attached as a separate member to the lid member 30 is described, the lid member 30 and the lid repellent member 32 are integrated, and the lid member 30 functions as a lid repellent member. At the same time, a hard material having wear resistance may be attached to the back surface of the lid member 30 to provide the function of a repellent member.
[0027]
In this embodiment, the main body repellent member 24 and the lid repellent member 32 are described as having curved shapes, but the shape is not limited thereto. In the lower part of the bucket body 10, an open outlet is provided for discharging the crushed crushed material 40 a.
[0028]
Next, the crushing method of the crushed material in the bucket 9 of the present invention will be described.
The crushed material 40 is scooped up by the claw member 10 a of the bucket body 10 and collected in the bucket body 10. For example, the crushed material 40 can be scooped up by swinging the bucket 9 with the driving force of the bucket cylinder 8. A crushing rotor composed of the rotor shaft 20 and the rotor disk 22 is rotated in the direction of arrow E at a predetermined rotational speed. The lid member 30 is swung in the direction approaching the bucket body 10 by the driving force of the lid member opening / closing cylinder 34 to close the opening 25 so that the crushed material is not scattered outside during the crushing operation.
[0029]
Further, as the lid member 30 swings and approaches the bucket body 10, the crushed material 40 on the front wall 10 b side is guided and pushed into the crushing chamber 26 side having the crushing rotor by the raw material guiding member 33. The crushed material 40 introduced and guided into the bucket body 10 from the opening 25 is pushed into the crushing chamber 26 side of the bucket body 10 when the lid member 30 is closed. The crushed material 40 is crushed by the crushing teeth 21. When using a striking member, an impact force is applied. Further, the main body repelling member 24 strikes and is repelled.
[0030]
Further, the crushed material 40 is repeatedly crushed in the crushing chamber 26 while being mixed with other crushed materials 40. Further, when the lid member 30 is closed to the bucket body 10, the same crushing is performed between the crushing rotor and the lid repulsion member 32. Thus, since the operation | movement which crushes the crushed material 40 many times is repeated, efficient crushing can be performed. That is, the driving device for driving the crushing rotor does not require a large one, and can be made suitable as a crushing device built in the bucket 10. In this manner, the crushed material 40a crushed to a predetermined particle size or less is discharged from the outlet 27 to the outside of the bucket.
[0031]
Thus, the lid repulsion member 32 provided on the lid member 30 functions as a repulsion member for crushing when the lid member 30 approaches the bucket body 10. Further, as the lid member 30 swings closer to the bucket body 10, the distance between the lid repulsion member 32 and the crushing teeth 21 is gradually narrowed, and the crushing particle size of the crushed material 40 can be gradually reduced. Similarly, the raw material guiding member 33 also plays a role of guiding and guiding the crushed material 40 toward the crushing chamber 26 when the lid member 30 approaches the bucket body 10, and conversely, the lid member 30 moves away from the bucket body 10. When the opening 25 is in the open state, the role is stopped. By doing so, the crushed material 40 is not forcedly squeezed into the crushing rotor, but is gradually pushed in and crushed, so that an excessive load is not applied to the bucket body 10.
[0032]
If for some reason the raw material remains in the bucket body indefinitely if it cannot be crushed, the crushing chamber 26 is moved by swinging the first swivel arm 4, the second swivel arm 6, the bucket 9, etc. The crushed material may be discharged from the opening 25 side. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of another embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the site | part same as above-described embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0033]
The lid member 30b is provided so as to be swingable about the shaft 31a. A chain 50 as a holding member is stretched between the second revolving arm 6 and the lid member 30b. That is, even if the bucket cylinder 8 is driven in the state of FIG. 3 and the bucket body 10 is swung around the support shaft 15 in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 3, that is, in the direction away from the lid member 30b, the lid member The position of 30b is held by the chain and is maintained by the weight of the lid member 30b without lowering downward. The opening 25 is opened only by the movement of the bucket body 10, and the crushed material 40 can be scooped up and placed in the bucket body.
[0034]
Conversely, when the bucket cylinder 8 is driven from the open position of the opening 25 to swing the bucket body 10 about the support shaft 15 in the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, the cover member 30b is closed. Thus, the lid repulsion member 32a, the raw material guiding member 33a and the crushing rotor provided on the lid member 30b are gradually approached relatively, and the same action and effect of the crushing state as in the above-described embodiment can be obtained. it can. However, in this case, since the pressing force has no forcing force, the crushing capacity is small because it depends on the weight of the lid member 30b. Therefore, it is effective when applied to a relatively light load. In this embodiment, the holding member is described as a chain, but it goes without saying that other members may be used as long as the position relative to the arm can be maintained.
[0035]
In the above-described embodiment, an example is described in which the present invention is applied to a bucket in which a discharge port opened at the bottom is formed. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a bucket without a discharge port. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the bottom of the bucket body 10 showing an example in which a discharge plate 60 is provided as a discharge body that discharges fine crushed material at the discharge port. The discharge plate 60 is detachably fixed to the edge of the discharge port 27 with bolts 61. The discharge plate 60 is a perforated steel plate provided with a number of holes 60a according to the particle size of the crushed material to be discharged. Most of the raw material is finely crushed and discharged to the outside of the bucket body 10 through the hole 60a, but the raw material remaining as a coarsely crushed material stays in the bucket body 10.
[0036]
The staying raw material is brought above the bucket body 10 along with the rotation of the crushing rotor, and is crushed again through the repulsion member to be crushed and discharged from the discharge port 27. When applying to the crushed material from which the particle size to discharge | emit differs, what is necessary is just to replace | exchange the discharge plate 60 with the steel plate in which the hole was made according to the desired particle size. In addition, the crushed material that is not crushed and remains as a coarse crushed material may be discharged from the opening 25. The form of the discharge plate is not limited to a steel plate, and may be a filter type, a screen type, a welded net or the like. Although various examples have been described above, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
Since the bucket with a lid according to the present invention has a configuration in which a repulsion plate is provided on the lid of the crushing bucket, a large space can be taken inside the bucket, and the crushing bucket can be efficiently crushed by the pressing force of the lid member. Furthermore, with the crushing configuration of the crushing rotor and the repulsion plate, the crushing operation could be performed efficiently without using a large drive motor. In addition, since the lid member is attached to the bucket body, the crushed raw material is prevented from scattering from the opening to the outside of the bucket. In addition, by providing a material guide plate on the lid member, the material is forcibly guided to the crushing rotor side and pushed into the crushed material with a finer particle size, improving the crushing efficiency without imposing an excessive load on the crushing rotor. I let you.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall view of a civil engineering machine to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view of the bucket of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a bucket showing another example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a configuration for attaching a discharge plate at the bottom of a bucket body, showing another example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Backhoe 6 ... 2nd turning arm 7 ... 2nd cylinder 8 ... Bucket cylinder 9 ... Bucket 10 ... Bucket main body 20 ... Rotor shaft 21 ... Crushing tooth 24 ... Main body repelling member 25 ... Opening 26 ... Crushing chamber 27 ... Discharge port 30 ... Lid member 32 ... Lid repellent member 33 ... Raw material guide member 34 ... Lid member opening / closing cylinder

Claims (7)

A bucket body that is swingably provided at the tip of the arm of the civil engineering machine and in which an opening into which the raw material is charged is formed;
A crushing rotor provided rotatably in the bucket body, and crushing teeth provided on the outer periphery to crush the raw material,
In order to open and close the opening, it is provided so as to be able to swing relative to the bucket body, and when the opening is closed, a part of the raw material to be crushed in the bucket body is removed from the opening. A lid member for preventing the bucket body from splashing outside;
A lidded bucket provided with a lid repellent member provided on the back surface of the lid member for assisting crushing of the raw material in the bucket body when the opening is closed. A bucket with a lid according to claim 1,
A lidded bucket, wherein the lid member is provided with a raw material guiding member that guides the raw material charged into the bucket main body from the opening to the crushing rotor side in the bucket main body. . The lidded bucket according to claim 1 or 2,
A bucket with a lid, wherein a main body repulsion member is fixed in the bucket main body along the rotation direction of the crushing rotor. A bucket with a lid according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A bucket with a lid, wherein a discharge port for discharging the crushed raw material is provided at the bottom of the bucket body. A bucket with a lid according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The lid member having a lid, wherein the lid member swings and opens and closes by a driving force of a driving device provided in the arm. A bucket with a lid according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A holding member that fixes and maintains the lid member in a predetermined position with the arm is provided in the lid member,
A bucket with a lid, wherein the bucket body is swung toward the lid member to close the opening. A bucket with a lid according to claim 4,
A bucket with a lid, wherein a discharge member that discharges only fine crushed material is provided at the discharge port of the bucket body.

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