JP2000008403A - Classification method of mixture, etc., and classifying and crushing bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To classify mixed materials of a crushable material such as a mass of earth, cohesive soil, branches and leaves and an uncrushable material such as rock, waste timber and concrete from a mixture and crush the mixture of large and small pieces. SOLUTION: A classifying and crushing bucket is equipped with a bucket frame section 2 linked from an upward inlet port 3 to a downward outlet port 4, a bracket section 6 and a roller set 5 of a plurality of rollers 5a mounting a large number of blades 13 arranged in the direction of the shaft underneath the bucket frame section 2. It is constituted of an interlocking mechanism 10 connecting the rollers 5a borne on both side plates of the bucket in a rotatable manner and a hydraulic motor 8 connected to the interlocking mechanism 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a blocky soil, a cohesive soil,
A method for separating a mixture of crushable materials such as branches and leaves and non-crushable materials such as rock, waste wood and concrete, a method of stirring and crushing a mixture of large pieces and small pieces, and a bucket used in these methods .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At land development and demolition construction sites, it is necessary to sift a large amount of excavated earth and sand and construction surplus soil and appropriately treat them. Before the treatment, rubble and stone mixed in the earth and sand are required.・ Ships must be separated and removed. Also, on ranches and arable lands, it is necessary to stir regularly to promote fermentation of large amounts of livestock manure and compost piled up. As a prior art relating to an apparatus used for these sorting work and stirring work, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No.
No. 61 or Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-24434.

[0003] These devices have a comb-shaped or lattice-shaped flat screen installed on the bottom surface of a bucket, and the screen is vibrated to sift through inclusions. A hydraulic cylinder or hydraulic motor and a crank mechanism are used for the vibration of the screen, and the screen is horizontally swung in the front-rear direction.

[0004]

These devices are capable of separating and removing contaminants from smooth sand and gravel or high-quality earth and sand that is easy to loosen, but on the other hand, they are capable of removing compacted soil,
Cohesive soil, solidified construction surplus soil, animal dung, etc., do not easily decompose simply by vibrating the flat screen back and forth, but stay on the screen together with foreign matter. In addition, in the above-described apparatus, fragments such as tiles and bricks, thin branches and leaves, and straw chips remain on the screen without being crushed, so that the amount of remaining foreign substances increases.

[0005] When the above-mentioned apparatus is used, the untreated mass or cohesive soil requires a double treatment such as decomposition and backfilling by another apparatus. On the other hand, debris such as tiles and bricks, branches and leaves, and straw debris can be naturally finely crushed and promote weathering and corrosion.Therefore, it is often not necessary to separate these from earth and sand. Therefore, it is necessary to separate and crush them.

The present invention has been proposed in order to improve the above-mentioned problems relating to the conventional screen device, and it has been proposed to pulverize and mix mixed solidified earth and sand, massive soil, foliage, straw waste, tiles and bricks, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for effectively separating only non-crushable materials such as rock, concrete lump, and waste wood while reducing the size. Another object of the present invention is to provide a separation and crushing bucket capable of crushing and refining mixed solidified earth and sand, massive soil, branches and leaves, straw waste, tiles and bricks, and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a stirring bucket that effectively promotes fermentation of a large amount of animal dung or compost piled up by aeration.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for separating mixed substances and the like according to the present invention. When the pulverizable material is put into the bucket, the large piece of the pulverizable material has a large number of blades mounted thereon and passes between a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel close proximity before the pulverizable material is discharged downward through the inside of the bucket. As they pass, they are separated and divided into fine particles while being stirred by the blades, while large pieces of the non-millable material remain above the bucket. In this specification, the crushable material is massive soil, cohesive soil, foliage, bark, compost, animal manure, soil improvement material,
Tile pieces, bricks, glass pieces, etc.
It means gravel, rock, waste wood, concrete, etc.

In the present invention, when a mixture of large pieces and small pieces of the crushable material is scooped or put into the bucket for separation and crushing, the crushable material is discharged through the bucket and discharged downward. When passing through a plurality of rollers arranged closely in parallel with a large number of blades attached, a large piece of the inside is separated and divided into fine particles while being stirred by each blade, while the large pieces in the crushable material The small pieces pass between a plurality of rollers as they are. In the above, if there is a small piece of non-crushable material, it naturally passes through a plurality of rollers as it is.

The bucket for separation and crushing of the present invention comprises: a bucket frame communicating from an upper receiving port to a lower discharging port;
A bracket portion for mounting on a work vehicle such as a hydraulic excavator, and a roller set including a plurality of rollers attached to a plurality of blades arranged in the axial direction below the bucket frame portion and arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, An interlocking mechanism that connects each roller rotatably supported by both bucket plates,
It consists of a hydraulic motor connected to this interlocking mechanism. Each roller is driven by hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump built into the work cart.

[0010] Preferably, the plurality of blades attached to the roller are annular flat surfaces arranged concentrically with the roller, and are arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction. It is preferable that between the two circular blades, a crushing member mounting portion is provided while sequentially changing the phase in the circumferential direction, and the crushing member mounted on each mounting portion projects radially from the blade.

A roller having a large number of circular blades arranged side by side may be arranged horizontally and alternately in parallel with a roller having a large number of deformed blades having an elliptical or polygonal plane, or a large number of deformed blades. Only the juxtaposed rollers may be arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. As each roller rotates, the circumcircle of the deforming blade must intersect the circumcircle of the opposing blade.

On the other hand, the stirring bucket according to the present invention has a bucket frame, a bracket, and a plurality of blade-like blades extending in the axial direction below the bucket frame and attached in parallel in the horizontal direction. It is composed of a roller set composed of a number of rollers, an interlocking mechanism connecting the rollers, and a hydraulic motor connected to the interlocking mechanism. A number of blade-like blades are rectangular flat surfaces whose surfaces are flat or slightly curved, the base of each blade is parallel to or slightly tilted with respect to the axial direction of the roller, and each blade is Phases are sequentially changed in the circumferential direction and attached at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction, and adjacent rollers are connected in a chain by changing the phase so that their blade-shaped blades do not come into contact during rotation.

In the present invention, the bucket is provided with a plurality of excavating claws at the upper end of the front wall of the bucket frame, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the upper portion of the front wall and / or the side wall of the bucket frame. It is preferable to disperse them.

As an interlocking mechanism of the roller set, a chain sprocket is fixedly attached to the shaft end of the hydraulic motor and one end of each roller or a substantially intermediate position, and a sprocket of an adjacent roller is connected to the chain, and any roller is connected. It is preferable that the sprocket described above is connected to the sprocket at the end of the motor shaft by a chain, and all the rollers are rotated in conjunction with a hydraulic motor. Further, as another interlocking mechanism, a chain sprocket is fixedly attached to the shaft end of the two hydraulic motors and both shaft ends of each roller, and both sprockets of the adjacent rollers are connected to the chain, and the roller adjacent to the motor is connected. The two sprockets may be connected to a sprocket at the end of the motor shaft, respectively, and all rollers may be interlocked and rotated by two hydraulic motors.

If desired, a comb-shaped, lattice-shaped or slit-shaped flat screen covers substantially the entire width of the gap between the front or rear edge of the bucket frame discharge port and the front and rear end rollers. This screen is detachably attached to the bottom of the bucket frame.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a separation and crushing bucket 1 according to the present invention comprises a bucket frame 2 having an upper receiving port 3 and a lower discharging port 4; A bracket section 6 provided behind the bucket frame section. The bracket portion 6 is formed with through holes 7, 7 for mounting on a hydraulic excavator 50 (FIG. 10).

In the lower chute portion 16 of the bucket frame 2, a plurality of rollers 5a having a number of blades 13 arranged in parallel in the axial direction are horizontally arranged in parallel between the side plates 2a, 2a, so as to be flat. The roller set 5 is configured. As an interlocking mechanism 10 of the roller set 5, sprockets 14, 14 are fixed to both shaft ends of each roller 5a, and the adjacent sprockets 14, 14 are connected by chains 17, 17a, respectively. In the back space 24 of the bucket frame 2,
The two hydraulic motors 8 are housed separated from each other in the lateral direction, and the idlers 11 and 11a are rotatably installed, respectively, and are connected to the interlocking mechanism 10 via the chains 12, 12a and 12b. Seal and protect at 15. In the chain connection shown in FIG. 2, since the hydraulic motors 8 are installed on the left and right sides, respectively,
Suitable for. Further, when one of the motors fails, there is an advantage that the roller set 5 can be operated with half the driving force by closing a valve (not shown) provided in the piping of the motor and removing the chain 12 or 12a.

In FIG. 1, when the hydraulic motor 8 rotates clockwise, all the rollers 5 a rotate in the same clockwise direction by the interlocking mechanism 10. Although not shown, when rotating the adjacent rollers 5a in the opposite direction, the interlocking mechanism 10 is constituted by a single chain for all the rollers, and the chains are alternately vertically waved on the respective sprockets. What is necessary is just to return directly from an end sprocket to a front end sprocket by an idler or the like, or an appropriate method of hanging according to this can be used.

The bucket 1 is mounted on a hydraulic shovel 50 as shown in FIG. 10, and when the link driving cylinder 53 of the shovel is expanded and contracted, the bucket 1 can be inclined in the front-rear direction. The bucket 1 can be moved in any position and direction by the hydraulic excavator 50, and can easily scoop up a mixture of crushable material and non-crushable material.

When hydraulic oil is supplied from the hydraulic excavator 50 to the hydraulic motor 8, a large number of blades 13 provided on each roller 5 a rotate to agitate the inclusions, and disassemble or pulverize a large piece of the pulverizable material. The finely divided mixture falls downward through the gap between the rollers. The mixture sieved in the bucket 1 can be piled up in one place, and the pulverized mixture can be evenly dispersed around the periphery by appropriately operating the excavator 50 as desired. When the crushed mixture has been sieved, only non-crushable materials such as rocks and concrete remain in the bucket 1, and the non-crushable materials are removed by operating the hydraulic shovel 50 by tilting the bucket 1 forward.

Regarding the interlocking mechanism 10 of each roller 5a,
As shown in FIG. 2, the sprockets 14, 1
Instead of fixing the sprockets 4, the sprockets 14, 14 are fixed to both shaft ends of the roller 5a as shown in FIG. 4, but the hydraulic motor 8 and the rear roller 5a are connected by the sprocket on the left side. Next, the right and left sprockets may be used to connect the rear end roller and the adjacent roller with a chain alternately. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a sprocket may be fixed at a substantially intermediate position between the rollers, adjacent sprockets may be connected to a chain, and these may be hermetically protected by a chain guard 41. 4 and 9
In the chain connection shown in (1), the number of chains and the number of sprockets in the interlocking mechanism are reduced and the cost is reduced, which is suitable for a small bucket with a small capacity.

As the interlocking mechanism 10 and the transmission mechanism from the hydraulic motor to the interlocking mechanism, various mechanisms can be used in addition to the chain connection as illustrated. For example, a timing belt, a V-belt, or the like, or a gear may be used, or these members may be appropriately combined. A disconnecting device such as a clutch may be interposed between transmission mechanisms from the hydraulic motor to the interlocking mechanism.

On the other hand, with respect to the bucket frame 2, it is preferable to project a plurality of excavation claws 25 at equal intervals on the upper end side of the bucket front wall 2 b as shown in FIGS. Drilling claw 2
5 has the effect of reducing the excavation resistance of the bucket 1 when scooping the inclusions, and easily digs in when excavating the pristine topsoil or scooping piled and firmly-sludged sludge or residual soil with the bucket 1 In addition, the separation and crushing operation can be easily performed. In addition, it is preferable that a plurality of through-holes 26 are dispersedly provided in the upper part of the bucket front wall 2b or the side plate 2a as shown in FIGS. Each through-hole 26 has an effect of extracting water, sand, and the like when scooping and mixing the mixture, and the mixture can be easily processed. To reinforce the bucket 1 and take measures against abrasion, a belt-like doubling plate 2d may be fixed to the upper ends of the bucket side plates 2a and the front wall 2b by welding or the like.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in each roller 5 a constituting the roller set 5, the shaft 19 has a long hollow cylinder 2.
1 are coaxially formed and project to the left and right sides. Bearings 20 and 20 for rotatably supporting the roller 5a on the bucket side plate 2a are fitted on both sides of the shaft. The sprocket 14 is fixed. An annular flat blade 13 is fitted to the hollow cylinder 21 so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction, and a large number of blades 13 are juxtaposed at equal intervals in the axial direction over the entire length of the cylinder. When all the rollers 5a rotate in the same direction, each blade 13 disperses the mixture mixed in the bucket 1 or put into the bucket by stirring the mixture from below, and removes the fine mixture from the rollers 5a, 5a. From the gap below.

[0025] Between the blades 13 and 13,
As shown in (a), (b), and (c), it is preferable to provide the mounting portion 18 of the crushing member 23 which is arranged with the phase sequentially changed in the circumferential direction. If necessary, FIGS. 7 (a), (b),
As shown in (c), the crushing member 23 protruding from the outer periphery of the blade 13 is attached to the mounting portion 18 and fastened with a pin or a bolt. The crushing member 23 is arranged so as to be fitted between the opposing blades 13 of the adjacent roller 5a when the roller rotates, in addition to further stirring the mixture, solidified massive soil, weathered rock, tile, brick , Foliage, grass, etc. are effectively crushed.

In FIG. 12, for the roller set 65, a roller 5 b having a number of concentrically mounted circular blades 13 arranged side by side and a number of deformed blades such as a concentrically mounted blade 13 a having an elliptical flat surface are illustrated. The rollers 5c are arranged side by side, and the rollers 5b and 5c are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction. At this time, the deformed blade 13a of the roller 5c
Is located between the circular blades 13 of the adjacent roller 5b (see FIG. 11). When each of the rollers 5b and 5c rotates, the circumscribed circle of the deformed blade 13a intersects the outer periphery of the opposed circular blade 13. In FIG.
Polygonal blade 13b instead of elliptical blade 13a
Is used. With respect to such a polygonal blade, for example, a rectangular, triangular, star-shaped or planar blade having a hook-shaped portion protruding in the rotational direction may be used.
Also, for each roller, it is possible to alternately arrange deformed blades, such as elliptical blades 13a, with circular blades.

Although not shown, the roller set may be constituted by only a plurality of rollers having the above-mentioned elliptical or polygonal deformation blades. In this case, the circumcircle of the blade of the adjacent roller needs to rotate while crossing the circumcircle of the opposing blade. By using a plurality of rollers in which deformed blades such as the blades 13a and 13b are arranged in parallel, it is possible to achieve substantially the same stirring action as the roller 5a on which the crushing member 23 is mounted.

Further, the multiple blades may be integrally fixed to the hollow cylinder 21 as shown in the figure, or may be attached using other known means. For example, the intermediate portion of the shaft 19 is formed in a square cross section, a shape having a spline or a key groove, and a blade having a center hole corresponding to the intermediate portion and the annular spacer are alternately fitted. As a result, as shown in FIG. Arrange a large number of blades. In such a configuration,
Only worn or missing blades can be replaced quickly and easily, reducing repair costs.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
In the case of 0, a number of blade-like blades 13c are attached to the roller set 75 so as to extend in the axial direction of each roller 5e. The blade-like blade 13c preferably has a rectangular plane whose surface is flat or slightly curved, and may have a trapezoidal shape or a semicircular plane substantially equal to the rectangular plane. The blades 13c are sequentially changed in phase in the circumferential direction of the roller 5e and are attached at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction. For example, when the phases are shifted by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction, the blades 13c follow the roller circumferential surface. It will be arranged in a spiral.

The base of the blade-shaped blade 13c is parallel to or slightly inclined with respect to the axial direction of the roller, and the inclination and the planar shape may be determined according to the mixture to be stirred. As shown in FIG. 15, the adjacent rollers 5e, 5e
It is necessary to change the phase and connect the chains so that the blade-like blades 13c do not contact during rotation.

In order to limit the mixture discharged from the bucket 1 to a certain particle size or less, the horizontal interval between the rollers 5 a or the axial interval between the blades 13 may be appropriately determined. As shown in FIG. 8, a comb-shaped flat screen 27 is arranged so as to cover almost the entire width of the gap between the rear edge of the bottom surface of the bucket frame and the rear end roller 5a. When the roller 5a rotates counterclockwise, a screen is attached to the front edge of the bucket frame. The gap between the screens 27 may be substantially equal to the axial distance between the blades 13 of the roller 5a, and the screen shape is a lattice shape or a slit-like plane.

[0032]

Next, the present invention will be described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bucket 1 for sorting and crushing includes a bucket frame 2 having an upper receiving port 3 and a lower discharging port 4;
And a bracket 6 provided behind the bucket frame. The bucket frame 2 includes left and right vertical side plates 2a, 2a,
Front and rear walls 2b, 2c inclined downward and approaching
And the frame portion is formed in an inverted trapezoidal shape.

In the lower chute 16 of the bucket frame 2, three rollers 5a shown in FIG.
A flat roller set 5 is formed by being arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the horizontal direction. As an interlocking mechanism 10 of the roller set 5, sprockets 14, 14 are fixed to both shaft ends of each roller 5a,
The adjacent sprockets 14 and 14 are connected to chains 17, 17
Connect each with a. Two hydraulic motors 8 are housed and fixed in the rear space 24 of the bucket frame 2 at a lateral distance from each other, and the idler 11 is rotatably installed below the sprocket 9 at the end of each motor shaft. Another idler 11a is rotatably installed between the idler and the rear end sprocket 14 of the interlocking mechanism 10. The sprocket 9 of each hydraulic motor 8 is connected to the idler 11 via a vertical chain 12, connects the idlers 11 and 11a via an inclined chain 12a, and is further connected to an idler 11a via a horizontal chain 12b. And the sprocket 14 on the rear end side of the interlocking mechanism 10. Chain guards 15, 15 are attached to the left and right sides of the roller set 5,
Each chain guard hermetically protects the interlocking mechanism 10 and the idlers 11 and 11a.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the roller set 5
In each of the rollers 5a, the shaft 19 is a long hollow cylinder 2
1 coaxially and protrudes to the left and right sides, and bearings 2 for rotatably supporting the roller 5a are provided on both sides of the shaft.
The sprockets 14 are fixed to both shaft ends. The hollow cylinder 21 has an annular flat blade 13.
Are fitted so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction, and a large number of blades 13 are arranged and fixed at equal intervals in the axial direction over the entire length of the cylinder. Between the two blades 13, there is provided a mounting portion 18 of a crushing member 23 which is arranged with the phase sequentially changed in the circumferential direction.
As shown in FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C, the blade 1
A crushing member 23 protruding from the outer periphery of 3 is attached to the mounting portion 18 and fastened with a pin or a bolt.

With respect to the bucket frame 2, a plurality of excavating claws 25 are protruded from the upper end side of the bucket front wall 2 b at equal intervals, and a plurality of through holes 26 are formed in the upper part of the bucket front wall 2 b or the side plate 2 a. Provide. To reinforce the bucket 1 and to prevent wear, a belt-shaped doubling plate 2d is fixed to the upper ends of the bucket side plates 2a and the front wall 2b by welding. Also, as shown in FIG.
7 is disposed so as to cover substantially the entire width of the gap between the rear edge of the bottom surface of the bucket frame and the rear end roller 5a, and the screen is detachably attached to the bucket frame 2 with bolts 28 or the like.

As shown in FIG. 10, the separation and crushing bucket 1 has a through-hole 7, 7 formed in the bracket 6 aligned with the arm 51 of the hydraulic shovel 50 and the pin hole at the tip of the bucket link 52, and a pin is inserted. Thereby, it is rotatably mounted on the excavator. The distal end of a hydraulic pipe 54 disposed on the arm 51 of the hydraulic shovel 50 is connected to the hydraulic connection 29 (FIG. 8) on the rear side of the bucket frame 2. Since the hydraulic connection 29 and the hydraulic motor 8 are connected by an internal pipe (not shown), the operation of a pedal or the like in the cab of the hydraulic shovel 50 causes a hydraulic pump (not shown) built in the hydraulic shovel to operate.
Is supplied, and the rollers 5a of the roller set 5 are rotationally driven. Also, the bucket cylinder 53 of the shovel 50
, The bucket 1 can be inclined in the front-rear direction.

Operating the excavator 50 and operating the bucket 1
To pick up the mixture, or throw it into the bucket 1 with another hydraulic excavator or loader, and rotate each roller 5a of the roller set. The mixture of the crushable material and the non-crushable material is divided into large pieces in the crushable material by stirring with the blade 13 of the roller 5a and the crushing member 23, and the fragile massive soil in the crushable material is crushed. , And fall down from the outlet 4 as fine particles. At this time, since all the rollers 5 a rotate clockwise in FIG. 1, the mixture that may be forcibly discharged from the gap between the rear edge of the discharge port 4 and the rear end side roller 5 a is the screen 27. And only the fine particles pass through, and a large piece of the crushable material is
The blade 13 is stirred and decomposed by the rotation in the winding direction and the flipping direction, and falls downward from the gap between the blades 13. Finally, non-crushable materials such as hard rocks, gravel, and waste wood that cannot be crushed remain in the bucket. Therefore, the hydraulic excavator 50 is operated to tilt the bucket 1 forward, and the remaining non-crushable material is discarded and removed.

Since fine substances such as water and sand escape from the through holes 26 between the time of scooping and the sieving operation, forming a plurality of through holes 26 reduces the load of the sieving operation and improves the work efficiency. Let it. On the other hand, the excavation claw 25 makes it easier to bite the bucket 1 when excavating and scooping earth and sand, thereby reducing excavation resistance and improving workability. By repeating the above-mentioned sorting operation, the mixture is sequentially unraveled and uncrushable materials are sieved, and during this operation, the traveling rotation of the shovel 50 and the arm operation are used in combination, so that the sieved mixture can be sprayed around. In addition, it is possible to improve the soil quality by separating and removing non-crushable materials on the spot while directly excavating the topsoil, or to provide a use in which compost is loosened and sprayed.

The bucket 30 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.
A bracket portion that can be mounted on the loader is provided behind the frame portion, and only one hydraulic motor 8 is provided. Bucket 3
0 is substantially the same as the bucket 1 shown in FIGS.

The bucket 30 does not have a plurality of through holes in the front wall of the bucket frame. Chains 17 and 17a for connecting the adjacent rollers of the interlocking mechanism 10 connect the hydraulic motor 8 and the rear end roller 5a with the left sprocket, and then connect the rear end roller and the adjacent roller with the right sprocket. This is a simple configuration in which the left and right sides are connected by a chain, as if they were connected by a. In the bucket 30,
The bracket portions 31, 31 are provided to project rearward from the upper and lower end surfaces of the frame portion at predetermined intervals behind the bucket frame portion,
Pins are inserted into and connected to the through holes 32 formed in both bracket portions and the through holes of the distal end arm of a loader (not shown). The operation and function of the bucket 30 are substantially the same as the bucket 1 described above.

In the bucket 40 shown in FIG. 9, the interlocking mechanism 41 is disposed substantially at the center of the bucket frame 42. That is, the interlocking mechanism 4 is provided at the center of each roller 45a of the roller
One sprocket is provided, and the hydraulic motor 48 is installed in the center of the space partitioned by the bucket rear wall 42c, and is connected to the chain in the same manner as described above. The interlocking mechanism 41 is hermetically protected by a chain guard 46. Both ends of each roller 45a are rotatably supported by side plates 42a, 42a, and sprockets are arranged in the chain guard 46 so as to be divided into right and left.

The bucket 40 is used by attaching the bracket portion 6 to a hydraulic excavator, and uses the front wall 42 b of the bucket frame portion.
There are no drilling claws and holes in The operation and function of the bucket 40 are substantially the same as the bucket 1 described above.

The bucket 60 shown in FIG. 11 has basically the same configuration as that of the bucket 30 shown in FIG. 4, and is an enlarged view of a cross section taken along line WW of FIG. FIG. Roller set 65 of bucket 60
, The roller 5b has an annular flat blade 13
Is attached to the hollow cylinder 21 concentrically perpendicular to the axial direction,
A large number of the blades are arranged along the hollow cylinder 21 at equal intervals. Between the two rollers 5b, a large number of rollers 5c are arranged in parallel at equal intervals along the hollow cylinder 21 with a blade 13a having an elliptical plane orthogonal to the axial direction. Each of the rollers 5b and 5c is rotatably supported by both side plates of the bucket frame, and the elliptical blade 13a is positioned between the circular blades 13 and 13 in the horizontal direction (see FIG. 11). When the rollers 5b and 5c rotate, the circumscribed circle at the tip of the long diameter portion of the elliptical blade 13a is moved to the adjacent roller 5b.
Is configured to intersect the outer periphery of the opposing blade 13.

FIG. 13 shows another example of a deformed blade. In a roller set 65a, a roller 5 is provided between two rollers 5b and 5b having the same circular blade 13 as described above.
d is arranged in parallel. A blade 13b having a deformed hexagonal plane is attached to the hollow cylinder 21 concentrically perpendicular to the axial direction on the roller 5d, and a large number of blades are juxtaposed at equal intervals along the hollow cylinder 21. Each of the rollers 5b and 5d is rotatably supported by both side plates of the bucket frame, and has a blade 13b having a deformed hexagonal shape in the horizontal direction and a circular blade 13,1.
Position between 3. When the rollers 5b and 5d rotate, the circumscribed circle of the deformed hexagonal blade 13b intersects the outer circumference of the circular blade 13 of the adjacent roller b.

The elliptical blade 13 a shown in FIG. 12 or the modified hexagonal blade 13 b shown in FIG. 13 has the same crushing action as the crushing member 23 shown in FIG. That is, the blades 13a and 13b serve to effectively stir and loosen the inclusions, or to pulverize and break fragile objects, branches and leaves, etc., mixed in the target object.

The stirring bucket 70 shown in FIG. 14 includes a bucket frame having an upper receiving port and a lower discharge port, and a bracket provided behind the bucket frame, as described above. Only one hydraulic motor is provided in the space behind the bucket frame, and the chain connection is the same as that of the bucket 30 shown in FIG. A plurality of blade-like blades 13c are attached to the roller set 75 so as to extend in the axial direction of each roller 5e, and each blade is a rectangular flat surface with a flat surface.
Each of the blades 13c sequentially moves 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the roller 5e.
The phases are changed by degrees and mounted at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction, and are spirally arranged along the peripheral surface of the roller.

The base of the blade-like blade 13 c is parallel to the axial direction of the roller, and is fixed to the roller surface by welding. As shown in FIG. 15, in the roller set 75, three rollers 5e having blade-like blades 13c are arranged in parallel, and the chain is changed by changing the phase so that the blade-like blades 13c of the adjacent rollers 5e and 5e do not contact during rotation. connect.

The bucket 70 for agitation is used to periodically agitate on a ranch or farmland to promote fermentation of a large amount of livestock manure or compost piled up. Animal dung, compost, and the like are picked up by operating the hydraulic excavator of the cart and put into the bucket 70, and each roller 5e of the roller set 75 is rotationally driven. For example, if animal dung and straw waste are mixed,
The animal dung is sufficiently stirred by the blades 13c of the roller 5e and contains a large amount of air. Further, straw waste and the like are pulverized and mixed with the animal dung, and these fall slowly downward from the discharge port. The fermentation of a large amount of livestock dung and compost is promoted by periodically performing aeration treatment of livestock dung and compost.

[0049]

The bucket for separation and crushing of the present invention can be mounted on a self-propelled work vehicle such as a hydraulic shovel or a loader, and can be freely moved in the work site to scoop up the mixture by itself and perform the stirring and crushing process. Can be sprayed and foreign matter can be removed. This eliminates the need for a separate hydraulic excavator or loader to collect or throw in the contaminants to be treated, and eliminates the need to scrape the topsoil, making it possible to improve it on the spot into residential land or agricultural land,
Furthermore, it can also be used for the work of crushing and spraying compost and the like, and it is possible to perform the sorting work efficiently and excellently. Further, by using the bucket for stirring of the present invention, it is easy to periodically perform aeration treatment of livestock manure and compost, and can effectively promote fermentation of a large amount of livestock manure and compost piled up. .

In the bucket of the present invention, a rotating roller is employed, a crushing member is mounted between the blades of the roller, and a roller having a deformed blade and a roller having a circular blade are alternately arranged. In addition to effectively stirring and sieving the mixture, it is also possible to easily pulverize earth and sand, solidified earth and straw, or solid waste mixed with massive soil and cohesive soil. In addition, this bucket can easily pulverize and scatter fragile objects such as tiles and bricks as well as branches and leaves, animal dung, and can efficiently separate and remove only unmillable waste wood, hard gravels, rocks, and concrete blocks.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an example of a sorting and crushing bucket according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the bucket of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a first modification of the bucket.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the bucket shown in FIG. 3, wherein a through hole is not provided in a front wall of a bucket frame.

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view showing an enlarged main part of a roller used for the bucket of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the roller blade of FIG. 5,
(A) is an XX line, (b) is a YY line, and (c) is a Z line.
Cutting along the -Z line.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 6, showing a state in which a crushing member is attached to a mounting portion.

FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a bottom surface of the bucket of FIG. 1, with a comb screen attached.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a second modification of the bucket;
The interlocking mechanism is installed almost at the center of the roller, and the bucket frame does not have excavation claws and through holes.

10 is a side view showing a state in which the bucket of FIG. 1 is mounted on a hydraulic excavator and sorting is being performed.

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a third modification of the bucket, in which a normal roller is combined with a roller having a deformation blade.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line WW of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 12 using a roller having polygonal blades.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a fourth modification of the bucket, in which a number of blades oriented in the axial direction are attached to each roller.

15 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Separation crushing bucket 2 Bucket frame part 3 Receiving port 4 Discharge port 5 Roller set 5a Roller 6 Bracket part 8 Hydraulic motor 10 Interlocking mechanism 12, 12a, 12b Chain 13 Blade

Claims (12)

[Claims] When a mixture of a crushable material and a non-crushable material is scooped or put into a bucket for separation and crushing, the crushable material passes through the bucket and is discharged until it is discharged downward. When a large piece of the crushable material passes between a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel and closely attached with a large number of blades, it is separated and divided into fine particles while being stirred by each blade. A method for separating inclusions in which a large piece in remains in the upper part of the bucket. 2. When a mixture of a large piece and a small piece of crushable material is scooped or put into a bucket for separation and crushing, the large piece of crushable material is discharged before passing down through the bucket. When a large number of blades are mounted and passed between a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel and close to each other, they are separated and divided into fine particles while being stirred by each blade, while a small piece of crushable material is A method of crushing a mixture passing between rollers. 3. The crushable material is massive soil, cohesive soil, branches and leaves, bark, compost, animal droppings, soil improvement material, tile pieces, bricks, glass pieces, and the like. Non-crushable materials are earth and sand, gravel, rock, waste wood. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is concrete. 4. A bucket frame portion communicating from an upper receiving port to a lower discharge port, a bracket portion to be mounted on a work vehicle such as a hydraulic shovel, and a plurality of axially arranged below the bucket frame portion. A roller set composed of a plurality of rollers mounted in parallel with each other in a horizontal direction, an interlocking mechanism connecting the rollers rotatably supported by the bucket side plates, and a hydraulic motor connected to the interlocking mechanism. A separate crushing bucket configured and configured to drive each roller with hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump built into a work cart. 5. A number of blades attached to a roller are annular planes arranged concentrically with the roller and are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction, and between each two circular blades, The bucket according to claim 4, wherein the crushing members are attached to the mounting portions by sequentially changing the phase in the circumferential direction, and the crushing members attached to the respective mounting portions project from the blade in the radial direction. 6. A roller set, wherein a roller in which a number of circular blades are juxtaposed and a roller in which a number of deforming blades having an elliptical or polygonal plane are juxtaposed are alternately arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. The bucket according to claim 4 or 5, wherein only rollers in which a number of deforming blades are arranged in parallel are arranged in a horizontal direction, and when each roller rotates, a circumcircle of the deforming blade intersects a circumcircle of the opposing blade. . 7. A bucket frame portion communicating from an upper receiving port to a lower discharge port, a bracket portion for mounting on a work vehicle such as a hydraulic shovel, and a plurality of axially extending portions below the bucket frame portion. A roller set including a plurality of rollers mounted with a plurality of blade-like blades and arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, an interlocking mechanism connecting the rollers rotatably supported by both side plates of the bucket, and a hydraulic motor connected to the interlocking mechanism And a stirring bucket that drives each roller with hydraulic oil from a hydraulic pump built into the work cart. 8. A number of blade-like blades to be attached to a roller are rectangular flat surfaces whose surfaces are flat or slightly curved, and the base of each blade is parallel to or slightly inclined with respect to the axial direction of the roller. The blades are mounted at substantially equal intervals in the axial direction by sequentially changing the phase in the circumferential direction of the rollers, and the adjacent rollers are connected in a chain by changing the phase so that the blade-shaped blades do not contact during rotation. The bucket described in. 9. An interlocking mechanism for a roller set, in which a chain sprocket is fixedly attached to a shaft end of a hydraulic motor and one end of each roller or a substantially intermediate position, and a sprocket of an adjacent roller is chain-coupled. The bucket according to claim 4 or 7, wherein a sprocket of said roller is chain-connected to a sprocket at an end of a motor shaft, and all rollers are rotated in conjunction with a hydraulic motor. 10. An interlocking mechanism for a roller set, wherein a chain sprocket is fixedly attached to the shaft ends of two hydraulic motors and both shaft ends of each roller, and both sprockets of adjacent rollers are connected to a chain. The bucket according to claim 4 or 7, wherein both sprockets of rollers adjacent to the motor are chain-connected to sprockets at the ends of the motor shaft, and all the rollers are interlocked and rotated by two hydraulic motors. 11. A plurality of digging claws projecting from an upper end portion of a front wall of a bucket frame portion, and a plurality of through holes are dispersedly provided on an upper portion of a front wall and / or a side wall of the bucket frame portion. Item 7. The bucket according to item 4 or 7. 12. A screen having a comb-like, lattice-like or slit-like flat surface covers substantially the entire width of a gap between a front edge or a rear edge of a bucket frame discharge port and front and rear end rollers, and the screen is formed on a bottom surface of the bucket frame. The bucket according to claim 4, wherein the bucket is detachably attached to the bucket.