JP2007312632A - Separator for soil attached to plant root - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separator for soil attached to a plant root capable of surely separating soil stuck to and/or contaminated among plant roots from the plant roots. <P>SOLUTION: The separator for soil attached to a plant root has the following construction: A separatory drum 2 is supported at one end of its axial direction on a supporting form 1 set on the tip of an arm in an inclinedly vertically movable way and ensured to be subject to rotary driving by a driving source. The separatory drum 2 consists of a perforated cylinder 4 with its tip as an opening part 4A and provided with many discharge holes 4E<SB>1</SB>, 4E<SB>1</SB>, ... The opening part 4A is projectedly set with a raking-in blade 5 turned outward. In the separatory drum 2, a plant root-separating blade 6 is set along the axial direction of the separatory drum 2 a certain space apart from the drum 2 in its circumferential direction with the tip side 6A projected inwardly in the radial direction of the drum 2. A soil mass-crushing blade 7 is detachably and tightly attached to the plant root-separating blade 6 nearly rectangularly thereto. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention reliably separates soil adhering to the soil and grass roots mixed from the grass roots in the soil removal work performed after cutting the weeds that have propagated on the roadside cut and embankment. The present invention relates to an apparatus for separating soil mixed with grass and roots.

There is a problem that dumping as general waste is not welcome because grass and roots with soil adhering or mixed in will take several days to completely decay, and it is also a problem to use as a fill material Therefore, at present, it must be dumped as paid industrial waste. Therefore, in order to separate and remove soil from grass roots and dispose of it as general waste, a dedicated means for separating and removing soil mixed with grass roots when scraping the surface soil, and grass roots The emergence of means capable of separating the soil adhering to the soil has been desired.

Therefore, a method using so-called trommel is provided, in which mixed waste, which is a solid material such as building waste and civil engineering gravel, is contained in a perforated drum and separated while rotating. Further, in the method using the trommel, the applicant of the present invention is provided with a grass root separation blade that protrudes radially inward into the perforated drum and has a rugged or corrugated tip edge so that the grass roots are reliably scraped into the drum. And proposed a technology that crushed and separated the soil and obtained a patent.
Japanese Patent No. 3590935

The method using the trommel described above hardly separates the soil because the grass roots merely roll in the perforated drum, and when the soil contains moisture, the soil and the roots are separated in the perforated drum. There is a drawback that it becomes a dango state. Moreover, although the patent invention described in Patent Document 1 exhibits an excellent effect in scraping the plant roots and separating the soil blocks fixed to the plant roots, the soil blocks have high hardness depending on the soil quality and dry state. Since there are some, there is an unresolved problem that it is not possible to sufficiently cope with soil blocks of various properties.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned unsolved problems of the prior art, and the grass roots mixed when scraping off the formation surface soil are appropriately cut within the rotating sorting drum and attached to the grass roots. Since the hard clots are also crushed by the crushing blade, we provide a sorting device for soil mixed with vegetative roots, which can separate the clots of various properties from the vegetative roots and dump them as general waste. The purpose is to do.

The means of the present invention configured to solve the above-described problem includes a support body that can be raised and lowered by being provided at the tip of an arm that constitutes the front of the work machine, and one end side in the axial direction is closed, and the multi-end side Is composed of an open cylindrical body, and is composed of a sorting drum that is supported on one end in the axial direction by the support and is rotationally driven by a driving source, and a scraper blade that protrudes outward from the opening end of the sorting drum. An apparatus for separating root-mixed soil, wherein the sorting drum is composed of a rotating side plate supported by the support, and a cylindrical porous body projecting in an axial direction from the rotating side plate and having an open end. A grass root separation blade for rolling and stirring the grass root mixed soil that has been taken in is arranged on the inner surface of the separation drum along the axial direction in a state of projecting radially inward, and the plant root A crushing blade for crushing contaminated soil該草 Kine in that provided substantially at right angles to the separating blade.

And the said grass roots classification blade is good to form in the sawtooth shape from which a top part and a trough part continue alternately.

Moreover, it is preferable to form the tip of the grass root separation blade in a blade shape.

Further, a plurality of the grass roots separating blades may be disposed on the inner surface of the porous body portion so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction.

A plurality of the crushing blades may be arranged apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the grass root separation blade.

The crushing blade may be formed in a blade shape at least in the rotational direction.

  A reinforcing shaft body may be fixed to the side surface of the grass root separation blade in a state where the tip side protrudes from the top of the grass root separation blade.

Furthermore, the reinforcing shaft body may be formed with an acute angle at the tip.

The present invention has the following effects by adopting the above-described configuration.
(1) Since a grass root separation blade is provided in the separation drum, and a crushing blade is provided at a substantially right angle on the grass root separation blade, the soil mixed with the grass roots is sufficiently mixed and mixed with the grass root. In addition to separating soil, it also crushes silty soil that hardens when dried, scraped soil with grass roots entangled, etc., so that clumps can be reliably separated from plant roots.
(2) Since the crushing blade is provided at a substantially right angle to the grass root separation blade, the long grass roots entangled in the separation drum can be cut with the crushing blade, and the soil mixed in the grass roots is a hard clot. However, since it can be crushed by being lifted by the separation blade and falling and colliding with the end of the crushing blade, it is possible to enhance the separation effect of soil mixed with plant roots.
(3) Since grass and roots can be separated into a state where the soil is almost completely separated, dumping can be dumped as general waste instead of paid industrial waste, so the cost required for waste disposal In addition, it can be composted and used as an organic fertilizer.
(4) Since the grass / root separation blade is formed in a sawtooth shape, the soil mixed with the grass / root which is scraped by the scraping blade can be reliably taken into the separation drum, and the separation drum which moves up and down while rotating during work. The situation where the soil mixed with grass and roots falls can be prevented.
(5) Since the tip of the grass / root separation blade is formed in a blade shape, the grass / root mixed soil can be efficiently crushed.
(6) A plurality of grass root separation blades are arranged on the inner surface of the separation drum so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, and the number of times the grass roots mixed soil is lifted and dropped by the grass root separation blade can be increased. The effect can be enhanced and plant roots and soil clumps can be separated.
(7) Since the crushing blades are spaced apart in the axial direction of the sorting drum and are arranged on the grass root separation blades, the crushing blade is excellent in the crushing effect of the hard soil mass, and the soil mass can be reliably separated from the grass roots. .
(8) Since the edge part of the crushing blade is formed in the shape of a blade, it is excellent in the crushing effect of the soil mass, and the plant root mixed soil can be more reliably crushed.
(9) Since the reinforcing shaft is fixed to the side surface of the grass root separation blade with the tip side protruding, it is possible to prevent the tip end side of the grass root separation blade from being bent due to the weight of a clot or the like. It exerts the effect of catching and rolling the mixed soil, and can promote the separation of grass roots and mixed soil.
(10) Since the reinforcing shaft body has a sharp edge at the tip edge, the reinforcing shaft body is excellent in the effect of crushing a hard mass.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a support made of steel, and the support 1 is composed of a substantially circular substrate 1A and a bracket 1B fixed to the outer surface of the substrate 1A. The bracket 1B includes a hydraulic excavator or the like. The front end side of the arm A that constitutes the front of the work machine is pin-coupled together with the lifting / lowering link B.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a sorting drum that is rotatably supported by the support 1 at one end in the axial direction and moves up and down in the directions of arrows A and B by operating the elevating link B. Reference numeral 3 denotes a rotating side plate constituting the sorting drum 2, and the rotating side plate 3 is made of a circular steel plate and is rotatably supported by the support 1. 4 is a cylindrical perforated body portion protruding from the front surface of the rotating side plate 3 and having an opening 4A at the tip, and four metal rods spaced in the circumferential direction along the outer peripheral edge of the rotating side plate 3 A frame member 4B, 4B,..., An arc-shaped bottom plate 4C made of a steel plate that is positioned between the pair of frame members 4B, 4B and protrudes in the axial direction from the front surface of the rotating side plate 3, and the bottom plate 4C and frame members 4B, 4B,... Substantially circular annular tip frame 4D integrally fixed to the tips of the frame members 4B and 4B, with the front and rear ends connected to the annular tip frame 4D and the rotating side plate 3 And three arc-shaped perforated plates 4E, 4E, 4E provided between the frame member 4B and the bottom plate 4C. Each of the perforated plates 4E is formed with a large number of discharge holes 4E ₁ and 4E ₁ by assembling round steel bars in a lattice shape.

  5 is a scraping blade projecting outward from the annular tip frame 4D. The scraping blade 5 is composed of a plurality of blade bodies 5A, 5A,. ing. The separation drum 2 having the above-described configuration has an internal gear provided between the rotating side plate 3 and the support 1 and a drive gear meshing with the internal gear, and is provided on the support 1. It is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow C by a rotational drive means (not shown) constituted by a hydraulic motor.

Reference numerals 6, 6, and 6 indicate three blades and blades for separating soil from grass and root mixed soil. The vegetative root sorting blade 6 is made of a steel strip having the tip 6A side formed into an acute blade, and the tip side 6A is separated from the tip side 6A along the axial direction of the sorting drum 2 and in the circumferential direction. 2 is protruded inward in the radial direction, and is fixed to the inner peripheral surface by welding means or bolts and nuts. It should be noted that the number of the grass / root separation blades 6 is not limited to three.

Reference numerals 7, 7, and 7 indicate three crushing blades for crushing the grass and root mixed soil. Respective crushing blade 7 is configured in a substantially T-shape by fixing the blade body 7B on the upper side of the mounting plate portion 7A made of steel plate, the rotational direction end portion 7B ₁ of the blade body 7B is formed in a blade shape Hard soil blocks can be crushed. Each crushing blade 7 is detachably fastened to the grass root separation blade 6 with a mounting plate portion 7A by bolts and nuts (not shown) so as to be positioned on the tip 6A of the grass root separation blade 6.

The present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation will be described. First, topsoil such as cut is scraped off by a separate backhoe or hydraulic excavator, and grassy roots are accumulated in a state where the soil is mixed. By operating the front of the work machine, the separation drum 2 is moved up and down in the direction of arrows A and B, and is operated in the front-rear direction so that the grass roots are selected by the scraping blade 5 and the separation drum 2 is opened from the opening 4A. Into. Then, the separation drum 2 is tilted in the upward direction B so that grass roots and the like do not jump out, and is rotated in the direction of the arrow C by the hydraulic motor of the rotation driving means to stir the soil, whereby the discharge hole 4E ₁ Only the soil is dropped from.

Further, in the sorting drum 2, the grass root separation blade 6 is disposed with the tip 6 A protruding radially inward, so that the grass root mixed soil is separated with the rotation of the sorting drum 2. When the blade 6 is scooped up by the side surface and lifted up in the circumferential direction and reaches a certain height, a process of dropping is performed. Within fractionation drum 2, by the operation during rotation is repeated, clod which are fixed to the vegetation roots are crushed by the impact of the fall, is discharged from the discharge holes 4E ₁ out fractionation drum 2.

Moreover, clods of silty which cure to drying may not be vegetation roots fractional blades in 6 sufficiently crushed, but vegetation roots fractional blade 6 crushed in a state with its end 7B ₁ of the blade body 7B in the rotational direction since the blade 7 is provided, clod rolling in the fractionation drum 2 rotating comprises finely crushed by colliding with the end portion 7B ₁ of the crushing blade 6 can be discharged from the discharge holes 4E _1.

Further, even when long grass roots are entangled, the long grass roots can be cut off by the blade body 7B even if the soil cannot be reliably separated, so that further separation of the grass roots mixed soil can be achieved. An effect can be obtained.

The crushing blade 6 is detachably attached to the grass root separation blade 6 with bolts and nuts, so that it can be easily removed if it is unnecessary according to the soil condition and wet condition at the work site, and is treated as waste. It is possible to avoid the situation where the grass roots are cut more than necessary.

In this way, the soil taken into the sorting drum 2 together with the grass roots can be shaken off, and only the grass roots can be left in the sorting drum 2, which obstructs the dumping of the grass roots as general waste. No, it can be used as organic fertilizer after being spoiled.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment and other embodiments described later, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a grass root separation blade. The grass root separation blade 11 has an acute apex portion 11C and a trough portion 11D with the opening 4A side of the sorting drum 2 as a front slope 11A and the opposite side as a rear slope 11B. The front slope 11A is set at an angle of about 70 degrees. A crushing blade 7 is attached to the grass root separation blade 11 with bolts and nuts (not shown) in a substantially right angle state with the blade body 7B facing the rotation direction along the front slope 11A.

The present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the grass root separation blade 11 is formed in a sawtooth shape, so that the root of the grass root is improved, and the grass root is not simply dropped from the lifted state but is dropped while being rolled over. By doing so, the separation of the soil mass can be further promoted.

Further, a part of the plant root is engaged with the front slope 11A and the rear slope 11B of the plant root sorting blade 11 and is twisted by the rotation of the sort drum 2, so that the ridge is also sheared. Thus, by repeatedly dropping the grass and roots while being stirred in the separation drum 2, the soil clumps adhering to the grass and roots can be reliably separated and removed even when they contain moisture. Moreover, since the top portion 11C of the grass root separation blade 11 is formed at an acute angle, the soil mass can be crushed also by the top portion 11C, and the soil adhering to the plant root can be reliably separated.

Further, since the grass root separation blade 11 is formed in a sawtooth shape having a front slope 11A and a rear slope 11B, the grass root mixed soil taken into the separation drum 2 falls from the separation drum 2 during rotation. Can be prevented.

FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a reinforcing shaft body made of a square bar steel material and having a tip 21A formed at an acute angle. The reinforcing shaft 21 reinforces the plant / root separation blade 11 and is fixed to the side surface of the plant / root separation blade 11 by welding means, and its tip 21A extends from the top 11C of the plant / root separation blade 11. It is protruding.

This embodiment has the above-described configuration, and by providing the reinforcing shaft 21, the grass roots by which the grass root separation blade 11 lifts with the grass roots mixed soil on the side, or falls. It is possible to prevent a situation in which the top portion 11C side of the grass root separation blade 11 is bent due to the collision of the mixed soil. In addition, since the tip 21A formed at an acute angle protrudes from the top 11C of the grass root separation blade 11, the soil mixed with the plant root can also be crushed by the tip 21A.

In addition, although the separation drum 2 was formed in the cylindrical shape, it is not limited to it, For example, you may form in polygonal square tubes, such as a hexagon.

1 and 2 relate to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a grass root-mixed soil sorting device. It is an external appearance perspective view of the grass roots classification blade equipped with the crushing blade. FIG. 3 is an external perspective view of a state in which a crushing blade is mounted on a sawtooth blade for separating roots according to the second embodiment. FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of a serrated blade for sorting root blades equipped with a reinforcing shaft body and a crushing blade according to the third embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Support body 2 Sorting drum 3 Rotating side plate 4 Porous trunk | drum 4A Opening part 5 Scraping blade 6 Grass root sorting blade 6A Tip 7 Crushing blade 7B ₁ end 11 Grass root sorting blade 11C Top part 11D Valley part 21 Reinforcing shaft 21A tip

Claims (8)

A support body that can be moved up and down by being provided at the tip of the arm constituting the front of the work implement, and a cylindrical body that is closed at one end in the axial direction and open at the other end, and supported at one end in the axial direction by the support. A separation device for soil mixed with grass roots, comprising a separation drum that is rotated by a drive source and a scraping blade protruding outward from an opening end of the separation drum, wherein the separation drum is the support body And a cylindrical perforated body projecting in the axial direction from the rotating side plate and having an opening at the tip, and rolling the grass and roots mixed soil taken into the inner surface of the sorting drum And a root blade for separating the plant roots arranged in the axial direction in a state of projecting inward in the radial direction, and a blade for shredding soil mixed with plant roots, It is provided at a substantially right angle Sorting apparatus of Kine contaminated soil. 2. The apparatus for separating soil mixed with grass roots according to claim 1, wherein the blade for separating grass roots is formed in a sawtooth shape in which top portions and trough portions are alternately continuous. The plant / plant separation blade according to claim 2, wherein the blade / plant separation blade has a blade-like tip. 2. The grass root-mixing soil sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the grass-root sorting blades are disposed on the inner surface of the porous body portion so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. The said crushing blade is spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the said grass-root classification blade, and is arrange | positioned in multiple numbers, The separation apparatus of the grass-root mixed soil of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The grass root-mixed soil sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the crushing blade has at least a tip in a rotational direction formed in a blade shape.   3. The grass root-mixing soil according to claim 2, wherein a reinforcing shaft is fixed to a side surface of the grass-root sorting blade in a state where the tip side protrudes from the top of the grass-root sorting blade. Sorting device. 8. The grass root-mixed soil sorting device according to claim 7, wherein the reinforcing shaft body has a tip formed at an acute angle.

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