JP2002309263A - Carbonization oven - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization oven which enables even a worker having little experience in the charcoal production to continuously produce good-quality charcoal by directly looking at the carbonization state or organic chips such as wood chips, plastic chips or, leftover food, at the discharge port of the oven to adjust the discharge speed. SOLUTION: The carbonization oven 1 comprises an oven body 10 formed by installing a charge-in port 12 for supplying organic chips WO into a carbonization chamber, an ignition port 13, an upper-side smoke exhaust port 15, and a lower-side carbonization product discharge port 16 on an oven wall 11 forming a carbonization oven 19, an air supply apparatus 30 which, while moving, a supplies air to the organic chips; an ignition device 25 at the ignition port, a smoke treatment apparatus at the smoke exhaust port, and a carbonization product discharge apparatus 40 which is installed next to the carbonization product discharge port and can adjust the discharge speed. The air supply apparatus comprises a hollow air-supply main pipe 31 rotatorily driven at the center part of the bottom of the carbonization oven, a plurality of hollow branch pipes 32 extended radially and horizontally from the upper part of the air supply main pipe, and a plurality of branch pipes 33 extending from the lower side of the branch pipes 32 and have many air supply holes formed thereon.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization furnace for producing charcoal and other carbides by carbonizing organic waste pieces such as wood pieces and plastic pieces as wastes by incomplete combustion in a furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the environment surrounding waste has changed,
The Law Concerning the Promotion of the Use of Recycled Resources and the 1995 Law Concerning the Separated Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging (Container and Packaging Recycling Law) were enacted, and waste that was previously considered a stable type Was also changed to a management type, and landfill disposal became unavailable. Along with such changes in the living environment related to waste treatment, techniques for recycling waste as much as possible have been developed.

Conventional waste recycling techniques include crushing, kneading, and flammable waste containing organic matter such as plastic.
Some have compressed and then heated to produce a solid fuel using the plastic as its own binder. This type of solid fuel has a high calorific value and is used as a boiler fuel.

[0004]

However, organic wastes, such as wood, rubber and plastics, food wastes, such as leftovers from restaurants and canteens, and other livestock dung, etc., are separated. If the crushing is performed to a size smaller than a predetermined size, it can be considered that, besides the raw material of the solid fuel, it is heated and carbonized to make charcoal and carbonized gas for effective utilization. It is considered that these carbides can be used as a fuel, a soil improvement material, a pollutant absorbing material for rivers, and a deodorizing material for RDF, garbage and the like. The carbonized gas generated during carbonization can also be used as gas engine fuel as combustible exhaust gas and converted into electric power or power.From the carbonized gas, wood vinegar or wood vinegar can be used if high-quality cut live wood or wood chips are used. Tree spirits can also be obtained by condensation.

[0005] However, in order to carbonize a large amount of organic waste, a special furnace is required, and it is necessary to increase the productivity by continuous treatment. Furthermore, in such a carbonization furnace, skill is required to maintain combustion, carbonization and carbonization inside the carbonization furnace and to efficiently produce high-quality coal.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a carbonization furnace capable of mass-producing batch-wise or continuous carbon material without large-scale treatment from organic wastes. The present invention also provides a carbonization furnace having a relatively simple structure and requiring a small installation area. The present invention further provides:
An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization furnace capable of obtaining high-quality coal, particularly continuously, even by an inexperienced worker of carbon material production.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, there is provided a furnace wall having a carbonization chamber formed therein, a charging port provided on the furnace wall for supplying organic matter pieces to be carbonized to the carbonization chamber, and a furnace inlet provided at an upper part of the furnace. A furnace body having a smoke outlet and a carbide outlet provided in a lower part of the furnace, further comprising a charging device connected to the charging port for supplying organic material pieces into the furnace; An air supply device that is disposed inside the carbonization chamber and supplies air and / or superheated steam to the organic material pieces to be supplied and deposited in the furnace, by moving the blowing position to supply and burn and carbonize the organic material pieces; A discharge speed-adjustable carbide discharge means connected to the discharge port.

[0008] The carbonization furnace of the present invention comprises an organic material piece, for example, a wood piece such as a felled tree or a building waste, a rubber / plastic piece,
Food waste, feces storage, etc. are charged and deposited at the bottom of the furnace, and air is supplied from the air supply device to the organic material pieces almost uniformly, and in a steady state, the organic material pieces in the lower part of the furnace are burned. Let it. The hot combustion gas rises through the organic fraction and heats the upper organic fraction, but partially burns while carbonizing in a steamed state with insufficient oxygen, while the combustion gas is converted to carbon monoxide. It becomes rich gas and is discharged out of the furnace through a smoke outlet provided in the upper part of the furnace.

The organic material pieces in the lower part of the furnace receive air from the air supply device and are partially burned to be discharged as carbonaceous materials from the carbide discharge port in the lower part of the furnace to the carbide discharging means. In the carbonization chamber, the organic material pieces in the lower part of the furnace are burned at a high temperature of, for example, 700 to 1200 ° C. by the supply of air from an air supply device and carbonized.

[0010] The high-temperature combustion gas from the carbonized region rises in the organic material pieces and heats the organic material pieces supplied to the upper portion to reach about 350 to 800 ° C. However, the flammable exhaust gas, the organic matter pieces in the steamed state sink, and are burned and carbonized in the combustion zone, and the other flammable exhaust gas further rises and is discharged from the smoke outlet at the upper part of the furnace. Is done. The combustible exhaust gas is discharged from a discharge port in an upper part of the furnace, and is subjected to an appropriate treatment such as dust collection or separation of wood vinegar by a treatment means.

[0011] The carbonization state of the carbide from the organic material piece is determined by directly looking at the carbide discharge port, and is controlled by a carbide discharge means capable of controlling the discharge rate, so that even if the user is not experienced in the charcoal production experience, the quality is relatively high. The charcoal can be obtained continuously.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In a carbonization furnace of the present invention, a furnace wall is lined up with a refractory in a vertical cylindrical shape, and a cylindrical peripheral wall, a ceiling and a furnace bottom are formed to form a vertical cylindrical carbonization chamber. Is preferred. The furnace wall ceiling is preferably formed in a parabolic or hemispherical shape, and preferably has a heat reflecting surface. Further, the carbide discharge port may be arranged so as to be opened toward the center of the furnace bottom near the center of the furnace bottom and discharge the carbide below the furnace body through the carbide discharge port.

[0013] By making the carbonization chamber a vertical cylindrical shape, the organic matter pieces supplied and accumulated in the furnace by the air supplied by the air supply device are steamed at the upper portion by the high-temperature combustion gas, and the furnace is settled while sinking. It creates a stream of organic material that is burned and carbonized in the lower part. Further, the upper part of the organic material pieces deposited in the furnace can be heated by the heat reflected from the ceiling, which forms a parabolic or hemispherical heat reflecting surface, to promote steaming. Furthermore, if the carbide discharge port is located near the center of the furnace bottom, the organic matter pieces are generally supplied from the inlet of the peripheral wall, so that the organic matter pieces move sequentially toward the center and carbonization proceeds, and carbonization is completed. Can be taken out from the carbide discharge port near the center of the furnace bottom and taken out.

As the above charging device, a device including a screw conveyor for supplying organic material pieces connected to the charging port and an organic material supply hopper connected to the conveyor can be used. In particular, a screw conveyor of the charging device is connected to a charging inlet to supply a first screw conveyor, and a second screw conveyor connected to the first screw conveyor and having a higher supply speed than the first screw conveyor. It is preferable that the organic material supply hopper is connected to the second screw conveyor. To the first low-speed charging screw conveyor near the carbonization chamber, more organic material pieces than their own transport amount are sent by the second high-speed charging screw conveyor,
The inside of the first screw conveyor is compacted as organic material pieces, which can prevent inadvertent air from entering the furnace through the charging port. This is advantageous in that the air supply control of the air in the furnace combustion area by the air supply device can be easily performed, and the cooling of the furnace can be prevented by air mixing.

The above-mentioned organic material pieces are crushed by a crusher to a predetermined size or less in advance, and then supplied to the carbonization chamber. By using uniform organic material pieces, uneven carbonization hardly occurs, and the mixing ratio of incomplete carbides can be significantly reduced.

The air supply device is rotatably supported at the center of the furnace bottom of the carbonization furnace and is rotatably driven. A hollow air supply main pipe is connected to the air supply main pipe in an almost horizontal radial manner from an upper portion of the air supply main pipe. A plurality of hollow branch pipes and a plurality of branch pipes extending downward from the respective branch pipes and having a large number of air supply holes can be employed. The plurality of branch pipes are provided with air holes, which are supplied to the lower part of the carbonization chamber, inserted between the organic matter pieces in a steamed or carbonized state while being deposited, and controlled from the air holes while gradually stirring. The air supply can be performed with a substantially uniform air flow rate. As a result, appropriate stirring of the organic material pieces and uniform air supply, and thereby a uniform combustion and carbonization reaction, are obtained, and a carbon material of uniform quality is obtained. In particular, it is preferable to provide an opening at the lower end of each branch pipe as an air supply hole, and the opening at the lower end is supplied with relatively much air to the lowermost carbide so that refining combustion can be performed. it can.

The branch pipe is preferably formed in a hollow paddle shape. In particular, the paddle is formed at an angle slightly opened with respect to the rotation direction so that the carbide is brought inward from the peripheral wall portion with the rotation. Preferably, it is attached to a plurality of horizontal branches. Such a paddle creates a reasonable flow of charcoal discharged from the carbide outlet near the center of the furnace bottom of the coking chamber while burning and carbonizing the organic material pieces supplied from the inlet of the peripheral wall of the coking chamber. Can be.

It is preferable that the air supply device be capable of supplying superheated steam. The superheated steam is 160
High-temperature steam having a temperature of about 300 ° C. can be used. It can be quickly dried by superheated steam even if the wet organic matter is mixed. Further, the mixing of superheated steam can relatively accelerate carbonization, and can provide alkalinized high-quality coal.

The above-mentioned carbide discharging means can be constituted by a screw conveyor for discharging at a variable speed provided with a cooling water jacket. 2 at the outlet of the screw conveyor
It is preferable to provide a heavy damper valve because the inside of the furnace and the screw conveyor can be thermally isolated. The screw conveyor for variable speed discharge can easily adjust the carbide discharge speed by controlling its rotation speed, and the double damper valve prevents backflow of air and facilitates air supply control by the air supply device. can do.

[0020] The furnace wall is usually provided with an ignition port for igniting the organic material pieces, and a combustion device for supplying a flame to the ignition port, for example, a heavy oil burner is provided outside the furnace. At the start of operation, the organic material is ignited and used to start burning.
The combustion device may be appropriately used even during operation, when the playing of the play piece is insufficient or when the temperature in the furnace is lowered.

[0021]

Next, a carbonization furnace of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show a carbonization furnace 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The carbonization furnace 1 has a furnace wall 11 in which a refractory is lined, a vertical wall having a peripheral wall 11a, a ceiling 11b, and a furnace bottom 11c, and a closed space carbonization chamber 19 provided therein. This is the structure of the furnace body 10 in the shape of a circle. A parabolic or hemispherical heat reflecting surface is formed on the ceiling 11b above the carbonization chamber, and the organic matter pieces are heated below the furnace by radiant heat.

On the peripheral wall 11a, the organic material piece W0 is
9, an ignition port 13 for organic material pieces,
An explosion-proof device 14 is provided.
A smoke outlet 15 is provided. The furnace body 10 has a carbide discharge port 16 formed near the center at the bottom of the furnace, and penetrates downward.

A charging port 12 is opened on the peripheral wall 11a of the furnace body at an appropriate intermediate height from the furnace bottom. From the charging port 12, an organic material piece W0, for example, a wood piece, a rubber piece, a plastic piece, and a food waste can be disposed. Objects, livestock dung and the like are continuously supplied to the carbonization chamber 19 by the screw conveyor 20 for charging. The organic matter piece W0 is crushed by a crusher to a size equal to or less than a predetermined size in advance and then supplied to the carbonization chamber 19.

The charging port 12 is an opening for charging an organic material piece as a raw material into a furnace. The charging port 12 is connected to a charging screw conveyor 20 connected to a hopper. When the organic material pieces are charged into the hopper, they can be continuously inserted into the furnace through the charging port 12 by the charging screw conveyor 20.

This charging device is, as shown in the illustrated example,
The first screw conveyor 2 connected to the loading port 12
3 and a second charging screw conveyor 22 provided with a supply hopper 21 which is connected thereto and into which the organic material pieces W0 are charged. In this example, it is particularly preferable that the supply speed of the first screw conveyor 22 for charging is set relatively lower than the supply speed of the second screw conveyor 23 set in accordance with the carbonization speed. Thereby, the organic matter piece W0 is appropriately compacted inside the first screw conveyor 23 for low speed, and backflow of the furnace gas from inside the carbonization chamber 19 can be prevented.

The organic matter piece W0 charged from the charging port 12 is preferably supplied to the furnace wall side of the coking chamber 19.
After drying, the organic matter pieces W0 are collected while being carbonized so as to be sequentially pushed toward the carbide outlet 16 near the center, thereby facilitating discharge from the outlet.

A burner 25 is attached to the organic material igniter 13 as an igniting means.
The organic matter piece W0 supplied into the carbonization chamber 19 is ignited.

The smoke outlet 14 is, in this example, the ceiling 11
b and connected to an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown) by a suitable conduit to treat the combustible exhaust gas G. In this exhaust gas treatment device, after collecting dust and separating wood semen and wood vinegar, etc., since the exhaust gas contains a large amount of carbon monoxide, a part of the flammable exhaust gas enters the carbonization chamber 19 from the ignition port 13. It may be returned and used for carbonization.

As described above, the air supply device 30 performs the carbonization operation of the dried organic matter, and includes the furnace bottom 11 of the carbonization furnace 10.
A hollow air supply main pipe 31 is erected in the furnace from c, is rotatably supported, and is rotated by a driving device provided below the furnace body. A plurality of hollow branch pipes 32 are connected radially substantially horizontally from the upper end of the hollow air supply main pipe 31 that is driven to rotate, and extend downward from the distal end side of each branch pipe 32 to form a branch pipe 33. The branch pipe 33 has a large number of air supply holes 33a formed on the side surface thereof. Main air supply 3
The air supplied to 1 is branched to a branch pipe 32, and further,
It is supplied from the branch pipe 33 into the furnace through the supply hole 33a.

The inside of the carbonization chamber 19 is located above the hollow branch pipe 32 of the shut-off device at the uppermost portion near the charging port 12, and is provided with a drying zone Z1 for drying the charged organic material pieces.
In the middle part of the carbonization chamber 19, below the hollow branch pipe 32 of the suspension device, and in the carbonization zone Z2 for carbonizing the dried organic matter, and in the vicinity of the furnace bottom to further burn the carbide. And a refining zone Z3 for removing impurities. The branch pipe 33 includes a carbonization zone Z2 and a refining zone Z.
In FIG. 3, the dried organic matter pieces are carbonized to refine the carbides. In this embodiment, a refining air supply hole 33b is further provided at the lower end of the branch pipe 33, and the lowermost refining zone Z3 is formed. The char can be supplied with air for refining.

In this example, the rotation driving device 35 of the air supply main pipe 31 includes a bearing portion that supports the air supply main pipe 31 by penetrating the furnace bottom, a driving motor 36, a motor and the air supply main pipe 31.
And a deceleration transmission chain that connects between the sprocket wheels 37 attached to each of them.
The lower part of the air supply main pipe 31 rotatably penetrates the inside of the fixed header 34 connected to the blower, and the lower hole 31a of the air supply main pipe 31 is opened inside the fixed header 34 and supplied from the blower. The compressed air A is supplied to the air supply main pipe 31.

During operation, the branch pipe 33 is swirled around the air supply main pipe 31, supplied to the lower part of the carbonization chamber 19, deposited, and controlled while being inserted deeply into the layer of the organic material piece being carbonized. The amount of air is supplied substantially uniformly, and at the same time, the inside of the deposited organic material layer is swirled and stirred. With this, air is supplied to continue the combustion required for carbonization,
The sedimentation layer of the organic material pieces is agitated, combustion and carbonization are made uniform, and air for refining is sent to the lowermost refining zone Z3.

The air supply holes formed in the branch pipe 33 are preferably formed downward at a large number of bulging portions provided on the outer peripheral surface of the branch pipe 33 so as to prevent fine organic material pieces from entering. In addition, the air supply hole can be formed on the rear side surface with respect to the turning direction, so that entry of the organic matter pieces can be prevented.

The branch pipe 33 may be a hollow paddle capable of supplying air. The shape is such that a twist is formed by the swirling motion of the branch pipe 33 around the air supply main pipe to bring the carbide toward the inside from the peripheral wall and collect the carbide. The action of the paddle is that the organic matter pieces W0 are supplied into the furnace from the charging inlet 13 of the carbonization chamber peripheral wall 11a, and the carbonized material near the center of the bottom 11c of the carbonization chamber furnace is generated as the carbonization proceeds by the swirling motion of the branch pipe 33 as the carbonization proceeds. It is moved to the discharge port 16 and discharged downward from the carbide discharge port 16.

The carbide discharge port 16 is formed as a hole penetrating the furnace bottom at the center of the furnace bottom, and a carbide discharge device 40 is connected to the carbide discharge port 16 and attached below the furnace body. ing. The carbide discharge device 40 includes a screw conveyor 41 for discharging at a variable speed provided with a cooling water jacket capable of adjusting the discharge speed, and the screw conveyor 4.
It includes a double damper valve 43 at one outlet and a transport screw conveyor 44 at the outlet.

Screw conveyor 41 for variable speed discharge
Is controlled by adjusting the speed of the motor 41A while watching the state of the charcoal W1. Further, the double damper valve 43 prevents the backflow of the air and facilitates the air supply control by the air supply device 30. The refining and combustion of the charcoal W1 is performed gradually in the screw conveyors 41 and 44 and the damper valve 43, or performed at once after being discharged from the transport screw conveyor 44.

In the actual operation of the carbonization furnace 1, the organic matter pieces W0
Are sequentially placed in the furnace inside the carbonization chamber 19 from the charging device 20 outside the furnace through the charging inlet 12, and the organic matter pieces W of the initial charging are
0, the flame is blown by the ignition burner 25 through the ignition port 13 of the furnace wall portion and ignited, and the air is supplied almost uniformly from the rotating branch pipe 33 of the air supply device 30,
Burn.

In the steady state, the combustion of the ignition burner 25 is stopped, and the air supplied through the branch pipe of the air supply device 30 continues the partial combustion at the furnace bottom to generate carbide. By supplying air from the branch pipe, the maximum temperature is heated to, for example, 700 to 1200 ° C. and carbonized. The carbide at the bottom of the furnace is discharged to the bottom of the furnace from a carbide discharge port 16 opened toward the center of the furnace bottom by the gathering action of the swirling branch pipe, while new organic matter pieces are discharged from the inlet 12. Continuously or intermittently, the organic matter pieces deposited on the upper portion are heated from the high-temperature rising gas from the refining zone Z3 at the furnace bottom to raise the temperature to about 350 to 800 ° C., and are steamed and carbonized. , Descends to the furnace bottom side, and is heated and carbonized in the carbonization zone described above.

While such operations are continuously performed, the control of drying, carbonization and refining is performed by controlling the supply amount of the organic matter pieces and the air supply amount. Particularly preferably, an oxygen concentration sensor 17 is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port 15 in the ceiling portion of the furnace, and is controlled by a control valve (not shown) that adjusts the air supply amount based on an oxygen concentration signal from the oxygen concentration sensor 17.

Furthermore, the carbonized state of the steamed organic material pieces is determined by directly looking at the discharge port 44A, and is adjusted by the carbide discharge device 40 capable of adjusting the discharge speed. Can be continuously obtained.

[0041]

The carbonization furnace of the present invention has a furnace body provided with an inlet for supplying organic matter pieces to the above-mentioned carbonization chamber, a carbide discharge port below, and a lower part of the carbonization chamber of the furnace body. Since it includes an air supply device that supplies air to the organic matter pieces while turning,
Combustion, carbonization, and discharge at the bottom of the furnace can be performed continuously, and the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion can heat and deposit the organic pieces that are fed into the furnace and accumulate. As it can be lowered and carbonized sequentially,
Large batches, especially continuous processes, of organic pieces can be carried out.

In the carbonization furnace, if the carbonization chamber is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape with a refractory material, and the carbide discharge port is formed near the center of the furnace bottom, the carbonization chamber is supplied from a charging port provided in a peripheral wall. A large amount of organic material to be deposited is burned from below by an air supply device to be carbonized, and in the process of moving the high-temperature gas upward, the large amount of organic material is continuously heated and carbonized. Can be discharged
The carbonization rate can be increased to increase productivity. Furthermore, if the carbonization chamber is formed in a vertical cylindrical shape, the structure is relatively simple and the occupied area is small. Furthermore, if the drive mechanism of the air supply device and the carbide discharge device are also arranged below the furnace, the installation occupation area of the carbonization furnace auxiliary device can be further reduced.

Furthermore, if the insertion port is provided in the upper part of the peripheral wall and the carbide discharge port is provided in the center of the furnace bottom, the organic material pieces supplied from the charging port are sequentially carbonized while moving toward the center, and carbonized. Can be taken out from the carbide outlet near the center of the furnace bottom.

The charging device comprises a first screw conveyer connected to a charging inlet and supplied, and a second screw conveyer connected to the first screw conveyer and having a higher supply speed than the first screw conveyer. If the organic material supply hopper is connected to the second screw conveyor, the organic material can be compacted in the first screw conveyor to prevent inadvertent air supply and backflow of gas in the furnace.
The air supply control by the air supply device can be facilitated.

If the plurality of branch pipes each having a large number of air supply holes are swirled around an air supply main pipe erected in the furnace, an appropriate stirring of the organic material pieces deposited in the furnace can be performed. And the supply of refining combustion air to the furnace bottom can be performed reliably, and the high-temperature region required for carbonization can be formed. By promoting the carbonization reaction, the productivity of carbides can be improved. Can be achieved.

If the branch pipe is formed as a hollow paddle and twisted so that carbides are gathered inward from the peripheral wall with rotation, organic matter pieces are supplied from the inlet of the peripheral wall of the carbonization chamber, and A carbide discharge port provided near the center of the furnace bottom facilitates the removal of carbide.

If the air supply device supplies superheated steam, the wet organic matter can be dried quickly,
In addition, carbonization can be relatively accelerated by the addition of steam, and a high-quality, high-quality coal that has been alkalized can be obtained.

As the carbide discharging means, a variable speed discharging screw conveyor provided with a cooling water jacket and a double damper valve for shutting off the discharge port thereof can be easily discharged by controlling the rotation speed of the screw conveyor. The speed can be adjusted, the backflow of air can be prevented by the double damper valve, and the air supply control by the air supply device can be facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a carbonization furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization furnace 10 Furnace body 11 Furnace wall 11a Peripheral wall 11b Ceiling part 11c Furnace bottom part 12 Charging inlet 13 Ignition port 15 Smoke discharge port 16 Carbon discharge port 19 Carbonization room 21 Organic material supply hopper 22 Screw conveyor for high-speed charging 23 Low speed Conveyor for charging of 30 30 Air supply device 31 Main air supply pipe 32 Branch pipe 33 Branch pipe 40 Carbide discharge means 41 Screw conveyor for discharge 43 Double damper valve W0 Organic material piece

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K065 AA18 AB02 AC01 AC11 AC12 AC13 AC14 AC17 EA06 EA15 EA23 EA44 EA57 4H012 HA06 HB07 HB10 JA04 JA12

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A furnace wall forming a carbonization chamber in a closed space inside, a charging port provided on the furnace wall for supplying an organic material piece to be carbonized to the carbonization chamber, a light emitting port for igniting the organic material piece, and a furnace. A furnace body provided with a smoke discharge port provided at an upper portion inside and a carbide discharge port provided at a lower portion of the furnace; a charging device connected to a charging port for supplying organic material pieces into the furnace; An air supply device that is disposed inside the carbonization chamber and supplies air and or superheated steam to the organic material pieces to be supplied and deposited in the furnace, by moving the blowing position, and supplying and burning and carbonizing the organic material pieces, A carbon discharger having a discharge rate adjustable and connected to the carbide discharge port. 2. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein said furnace wall is lined with a refractory material to make a carbonization chamber into a vertical cylindrical shape. 3. The carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein the carbide discharge port is disposed near the center of the furnace bottom so as to open to the furnace bottom, and discharges carbide below the furnace body through the carbide discharge port. . 4. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the charging device comprises a screw conveyor for supplying organic material pieces connected to the charging port, and an organic material supply hopper connected to the conveyor. Carbonization furnace. 5. A first screw conveyor connected to an inlet and supplied by a screw conveyor of the charging device,
The second screw conveyor connected to the first screw conveyor and having a higher supply speed than the first screw conveyor, and the organic material supply hopper is connected to the second screw conveyor. Carbonization furnace. 6. The carbonization furnace according to claim 4, wherein the organic material pieces are crushed pieces crushed to a size that can be supplied to the carbonization chamber through the screw conveyor and the charging port. 7. An air supply device according to claim 1, wherein said air supply device is rotatably supported at a central portion of said furnace bottom in said carbonization furnace, and is rotatably driven. A plurality of branch pipes, and a plurality of branch pipes extending downward from the respective branch pipes and having a plurality of air supply holes for blowing air and / or superheated steam into the organic material pieces to be deposited. 2. The carbonization furnace according to 2. 8. The branch pipe has a hollow paddle shape, and has a twist to collect carbides at the bottom of the furnace from the peripheral wall side toward the inner central part by swirling by rotation of the air supply main pipe.
A carbonization furnace as described. 9. The carbide discharge means includes a discharge screw conveyor provided with a cooling water jacket, and a double damper valve provided at a discharge port of the screw conveyor.
A carbonization furnace as described.