CN2697475Y - Screened pyrolyzing treatment furnace for domestic refuse - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model specifically relates to a device for treating domestic garbage by pyrolysis and gasification. The pyrolysis and gasification treatment furnace for household garbage sieve adopts the structure design of inner furnace body plus insulation layer, and a spiral flue gas interlayer is set between the inner and outer furnace bodies, and the air supply and water supply heater in the inner furnace body and the bottom of the outer furnace body The combustion system is heated at the same time to meet the technical requirements for rapid heating of the waste on the sieve. The built-in stirring system can break the expanded material layer of the waste material to ensure the continuity of the pyrolysis and gasification process. In the utility model, except that the pyrolysis furnace itself consumes part of the heat to maintain pyrolysis, the remaining heat is output in the form of gas and used as clean energy. The gas output per ton of garbage can reach 300 cubic meters, and 5-10% of garbage ash is discharged. Since the pyrolysis process operates under the high-temperature condition of 800°C in the absence of oxygen, there are no conditions for the generation of dioxins, which can realize harmless treatment, and also meet the treatment requirements of resource utilization and reduction.

Description

Pyrolysis treatment furnace for domestic waste oversize

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the domestic garbage treatment technology, in particular to a device for treating domestic garbage by adopting pyrolysis and gasification.

Background technique

From the perspective of environmental protection and resource recycling, the ideal way to deal with municipal solid waste is to adopt comprehensive treatment technology. Composting technology eliminates garbage through the action of microorganisms, but it has strict requirements on the composition of garbage, and it is difficult to deal with non-food chain garbage components. Mechanical sieves can be used for simple screening of garbage, and the sieve is used as the original material of compost. The technology has matured, but the treatment of oversize has not been solved for a long time, resulting in the accumulation of a large amount of oversize, causing serious pollution of the surrounding environment, and occupying a large amount of land. The use of pyrolysis and gasification technology is an ideal way to treat the oversize garbage. There is no need to classify the oversize garbage, no pollutants are discharged during the treatment process, and useful resources can be recovered. The oversize needs rapid heating temperature during the pyrolysis and gasification process, and at the same time, it is also necessary to prevent the appearance of the swelling layer of the material. Therefore, how to quickly increase the furnace temperature is the focus and difficulty in the research of waste pyrolysis gasification technology, which is directly related to the promotion and application of ideal treatment equipment for municipal solid waste.

Contents of Invention

The purpose of the utility model is to specifically provide a treatment device for pyrolyzing and gasifying the oversize of domestic garbage into combustible gas.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the domestic garbage oversize pyrolysis gasification furnace is mainly composed of a pyrolysis gasification main furnace 1, a condenser 4, an induced draft fan 5, and a tail gas processor 6. The pyrolysis and gasification main furnace 1 is composed of an inner furnace body 2, an outer furnace insulation body 3 and a spiral flue gas interlayer 7. The inner furnace body 2 is designed to be circular, the air supply and water supply heating system in the inner furnace body adopts electric heating, and the bottom of the outer furnace insulation body 3 adopts gas combustion to heat the materials in the inner furnace body at the same time. The inner furnace body 2 of the pyrolysis main furnace is connected with the condenser 4 through the gas collector 19 . The inlet of the induced draft fan 5 is connected with the outlet of the condenser 4, and what the condenser 4 discharges is gas, and the outlet is connected to the combustion nozzle 10 for combustion. The ash remover 12 is arranged on the outer bottom of the outer furnace insulation body 3 and communicates with the inner furnace body 2, thereby avoiding the special requirements of high-temperature ash removal for metal materials and convenient operation. The exhaust processor 6 is connected with the spiral flue gas interlayer 7, and the outlet communicates with the atmosphere. Garbage materials enter the furnace body 2 of the 800°C high-temperature main furnace from the feed port 13 of the main furnace. In the state of extreme oxygen deficiency, the garbage preheating, Processes such as water evaporation and pyrolysis of organic matter, and then the formation of a garbage charcoal layer. Under the action of the induced draft fan 5, the generated pyrolysis gasification wet gas is filtered by the gas collector 19 and enters the condenser 4 through the gas pipeline to condense, and the condensed water is discharged. A part of the gas is sent out through the valve 8, and the other part is sent into the inner furnace body 2 through the valve 18 and enters the combustion nozzle 10 under the control of the valve 9. The gas burns in the outer furnace body to produce high-temperature flue gas, which enters the spiral interlayer flue 7 to heat the surrounding wall of the inner furnace body 2, and then exits the main furnace and enters the tail gas treatment device 6, and is discharged into the atmosphere after being treated up to the standard. Another part of the flue gas enters the air supply and water supply heating device 11 through the control valve 14, and then reacts with the garbage charcoal in the inner furnace body 2 to generate gasification gas so that the garbage charcoal gradually forms garbage ash. Discharge the main furnace body. There is a stirring shaft 16 in the center of the pyrolysis gasification main furnace 1 furnace body, and the stirring shaft drives the stirring blade 17 in the furnace body through the motor 15 to stir the materials in the furnace, and at the same time play a role in uniforming the temperature of the inner furnace. The initial heat for starting the pyrolysis gasification process comes from the combustion layer of the external fuel at the bottom of the outer furnace insulation body 3, and the gas generated by the inner furnace body 2 returns to the inner furnace through the return pipe through the valve 18, and its function is to accelerate the lifting of the inner furnace temperature. Under the control of the valve 8, the excess gas generated during the combustion stabilization process is provided to other energy-consuming equipment for use.

The utility model adopts the structural design of adding an insulation layer outside the inner furnace body and setting a spiral flue gas interlayer between the inner and outer furnace bodies, and simultaneously heats the air supply and water supply heater in the inner furnace body and the combustion system at the bottom of the outer furnace body to achieve The technical requirements for the rapid heating of the waste oversize, the built-in stirring system can break the expanded material layer of the waste material to ensure the continuity of the pyrolysis and gasification process. The set gas return pipe can realize the lack of oxygen during the start-up process of the equipment, and accelerate the heating process of the material.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is that after the domestic garbage sieve is processed by the pyrolysis gasification device, in addition to the pyrolysis furnace itself consuming part of the heat to maintain pyrolysis, the remaining heat is output in the form of gas and used as clean energy. The gas output per ton of garbage can reach 300 cubic meters, the fuel value is about 3000-5000 kcal/cubic meter, and 5-10% of the garbage ash discharged can be used as flowers and plants after simple screening to remove metal, glass and other recyclable materials Breeding soil. The entire pyrolysis process does not require external energy. If the carbon content of the garbage is sufficient, there will be no other external emissions except gas and garbage ash. Since the pyrolysis process operates under the high-temperature condition of 800°C in the absence of oxygen, there are no conditions for the generation of dioxins, which can realize harmless treatment, and also meet the treatment requirements of resource utilization and reduction, and the gas produced can also be recycled. obtain certain economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the structural principle diagram of the utility model.

Detailed ways

After the municipal solid waste enters the waste dump site, it is screened through a mechanical sieve during the start-up process of the equipment, and the waste on the screen is sent into the furnace body of the main furnace feed port 13 by the feed propeller, and the agitator puts the material into the furnace body. Layers are stirred well. The amount of charge is about 3/4 of the furnace volume, and the weight is about 200 kg. After the material is loaded into the inner furnace body, fuel is added to the bottom of the outer furnace body for combustion, and at the same time, the air supply and water supply heater 11 is turned on to heat the inner furnace body 2 to heat up the material inside. At this time, the non-combustible gas generated by pyrolysis passes through the gas collection 19, and the flue gas generated by combustion is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust processor. In order to speed up the temperature rise, part of the dehydrated oxygen-free non-gas can be re-sent into the inner furnace body through the valve 18 to strengthen the circulation of the internal air flow, and the rest is controlled by the valve 8 to be discharged out of the furnace body. When the material in the furnace reaches the pyrolysis temperature of 500°C, wet gas starts to be produced, and after being dehydrated by the condenser, it becomes combustible gas. At this time, the valve 18 is closed. Part of the combustible gas is controlled by the valve 9 into the burner 10 for injection and combustion, providing the heat required for pyrolysis and gasification, and replacing the fuel heat in the outer furnace body. The flue gas still enters the exhaust processor 6 through the spiral interlayer 7 . When the temperature in the furnace reaches the gasification temperature of 800°C, pyrolyzed garbage charcoal is formed, and the control valve 14 sends part of the flue gas and water into the furnace to gasify the garbage charcoal and further generate combustible gas, which is combined with the pyrolyzed waste charcoal. The combustible gas enters the condenser together for dehydration, and continues to complete the aforementioned gas flow. The condenser is water-cooled, the condensing temperature is 90°C, and the cooling gas volume is about 300m ³ . The tail gas treatment device is a semi-wet XD boiler flue gas desulfurization device, which uses lime water circulation spraying to filter the flue gas to achieve the purpose of dust removal and desulfurization. The flow of materials is a top-down process. After the garbage starts to produce gas normally, the newly entered materials will rapidly heat up in a high temperature environment for pyrolysis, and then the generated garbage charcoal will undergo gasification reaction with the return flue gas, and finally form garbage Ash. Due to the circular furnace body structure, the material sinks evenly under the action of gravity, leaving space for the entry of new materials, and the stirrer in the inner furnace will rotate regularly to destroy the possible formation of knots and promote the material to sink into the The ash remover is discharged out of the furnace at regular intervals. After the treatment furnace runs stably, 100 kg of material is fed every half an hour, 200 kg of waste is pyrolyzed and gasified per hour, and the gas generated is about 300m ³ , the calorific value is about 2000Kcal/kg, the garbage ash is about 15kg, and the condensing and circulating water is about 1 ton/kg , the power consumption is about 4kW.

Claims (3)

1. house refuse oversize pyrolysis processing stove, mainly by pyrolytic gasification master stove (1), condenser (4), air-introduced machine (5) and exhaust gas treating device compositions such as (6), it is characterized in that pyrolytic gasification master stove (1) is by inner furnace body (2), outer stove thermal insulator (3) and spiral flue gas interlayer (7) constitute, inner furnace body (2) is designed to circle, air-supply water supply heating system adopts electrical heating in the inner furnace body, fuel gas buring is adopted in outer stove thermal insulator (3) bottom, simultaneously material in the inner furnace body is heated, the inner furnace body (2) of pyrolysis master stove is connected with condenser (4) through gas collector (19), the import of air-introduced machine (5) is connected with condenser (4) outlet, outlet is connected to burner noz(zle) (10), soot blower (12) is arranged on outer stove thermal insulator (3) outer bottom and is communicated with inner furnace body (2), exhaust gas treating device (6) is connected with flue gas interlayer (7), and outlet communicates with atmosphere.

2. house refuse oversize pyrolysis processing stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that at the center of pyrolytic gasification master stove (1) body of heater shaft (16) being arranged, and shaft drives the interior paddle (17) of body of heater by motor (15).

3. house refuse oversize pyrolysis processing stove according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that being provided with air-supply feed-water heater (11) in inner furnace body, and as the support of shaft in the body of heater (16).

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