JP2002282789A - Organic waste separator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic waste separator which separates organic waste from the organic waste containing impurities in a high separation efficiency, in spite of the simple constitution. SOLUTION: Garbage which contains the impurities and is introduced into one end side of an outer pipe 10 is transported to the other end side by rotation of a screw blade 12, therein, is heat-treated by vapor jetted from a through-hole 11a of an inner pipe 11 and, therefore, is selectively solubilized. Then, the garbage which is solubilized and liquefied is compressed by a pressing apparatus 30 or by the contraction of a volume in the outer pipe 10 by means of the taper of the inner pipe 11, is allowed to selectively pass via the through-hole 10a of the outer pipe 10 and is discharged to the outside of the outer pipe 10. The impurities which are not solubilized, on the other hand, are not discharged from the through-hole 10a of the outer pipe 10 and is dried as it is.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste sorting apparatus for sorting organic waste from organic waste containing impurities.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, composting and gasification by methane fermentation have been known as methods for recycling organic wastes such as garbage. However, collected garbage and the like are often mixed with packaging containers and trays, and are often mixed with plastic pieces and the like because they are packed in plastic bags and plastic bags and discharged. Since such organic waste containing impurities such as plastics is not suitable for resource recycling such as composting or methane fermentation, it is necessary to separate and remove the impurities in advance. For this reason, the development of an organic waste sorting apparatus for sorting organic waste from organic waste containing impurities has been promoted.

For example, Japanese Patent No. 2964377 discloses that
A high-pressure sorting apparatus is disclosed which applies a pressure of 10 MPa or more to garbage containing contaminants by a piston and squeezes out only garbage from small holes to select the garbage. An underwater sorting device that separates contaminants by a sieve or the like after liquefying only garbage is disclosed, and further, in a rotating porous cylindrical container,
There is known a crushing and sorting apparatus that crushes only garbage other than foreign matters by a scraper rotating at a speed different from that of the perforated cylindrical container, and discharges the garbage from the holes of the perforated cylindrical container to select.

[0004]

However, the high-pressure sorting apparatus requires high equipment pressure and running cost due to the generation of high pressure, and the underwater sorting apparatus has a structure and a structure for diluting garbage and the like with a large amount of water. The operation becomes complicated and a large site is required.Furthermore, the crushing and sorting equipment has problems that the scraping plate may crush the foreign substances, and conversely, the garbage may not be sufficiently crushed with the scraping plate, and the sorting rate is low. There is.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple structure and high sorting efficiency, and is capable of separating organic waste from organic waste containing impurities. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste sorting apparatus.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An organic waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention is an organic waste sorting apparatus for sorting organic waste from organic waste containing contaminants. An outer tube having a hole formed therein, a rotating shaft rotatably arranged in the outer tube, and an organic waste containing contaminants provided around the rotating shaft and introduced into one end of the outer tube by rotation of the rotating shaft. Spiral screw blades for transporting the material toward the other end, pressurizing means for pressurizing the organic waste containing the contaminants to be transported, and heating the organic waste containing the contaminants to be transported And a heating means, wherein the through hole of the outer tube is formed in a size that allows organic waste to selectively pass through impurities.

According to the organic waste sorting apparatus of the present invention,
When the organic waste containing impurities introduced at one end in the outer tube is transported to the other end by the rotation of the screw blade, the organic waste is heated by the heating means while being subjected to the pressure treatment by the pressure means, Organic waste is selectively solubilized. The organic waste that has been solubilized into a liquid state is selectively passed through the through-hole of the outer tube by the pressure treatment and discharged to the outside of the outer tube, while impurities are removed by the heat treatment. It is dried in the outer tube without being dissolved and discharged from the through hole of the outer tube.

[0008] Here, it is preferable that the pressurizing means is constituted by narrowing a region defined by the outer tube, the rotating shaft and the screw blade from one end to the other end.

As a result, the organic waste containing foreign substances transported by the screw blades is easily pressurized together with the transport.

[0010] The pressurizing means may apply a predetermined pressure to the foreign matter discharged from the other end of the outer tube in such a direction as to prevent the discharge of the foreign matter.

[0011] Thus, the organic waste containing impurities conveyed by the screw blade is suitably pressurized.

Further, it is preferable that the heating means ejects steam to the organic waste containing contaminants to be transported.

Thus, the organic waste is easily heated and solubilized by the steam, while the impurities are dried and washed by the steam.

Further, the heating means has a hollow inside, into which steam is introduced, and a through-hole formed in the peripheral wall of the heating means, which is capable of ejecting the steam to the organic waste containing contaminants to be transported. It is preferable that the rotating shaft is provided.

[0015] Thus, steam is easily ejected to the organic waste containing contaminants to be transported, and the heat treatment is suitably performed.

[0016]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
A preferred embodiment of the organic waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an organic waste sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The organic waste sorting apparatus 100 of the present embodiment has a large number of through holes 10a in the peripheral wall, and garbage (organic waste) containing impurities from one end side (right side in the figure; hereinafter, referred to as an entrance side). An outer tube 10 to be supplied;
An inner tube (rotation axis) 11 which is arranged in the outer tube 10 and rotates.
And the outer pipe 1 is provided around the inner pipe 11 and is rotated by the rotation of the inner pipe 11.
A spiral screw blade 12 for transporting garbage containing impurities in the outer tube 10 to the other end of the outer tube 10 (left side in the figure; hereinafter, referred to as an outlet side), and impurities discharged from the outlet side of the outer tube 10 A pressing device 30 for pressing an object, a steam jet tube 22 for cleaning the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10, and a gantry 2 to which these are fixed.
0.

The outer tube 10 has a through hole 10a of a predetermined size.
A cylinder formed by a punching plate having a large number of holes, which is fixed to the gantry 20, has an inlet-side end face closed and an outlet-side end face opened, and includes an impurity on an upper portion of the inlet-side peripheral wall. A waste introduction port 21 for introducing garbage into the outer tube 10 is provided. Peripheral wall through hole 10
The size of “a” is set such that impurities do not pass through and garbage liquefied by solubilization described later can easily pass through.

The inner pipe 11 is a tapered pipe which is widened from the inlet side to the outlet side. The end face on the inlet side is closed, and steam is introduced into the inner pipe 11 on the end face on the outlet side. The steam introduction pipe 14 is connected, and is rotatably supported on the gantry 20 coaxially and rotatably with the outer pipe 10. Also,
A plurality of through-holes 11a are formed in the inner pipe 11 so that steam introduced into the inside from the steam introduction pipe 14 is ejected through the peripheral wall to garbage containing outside impurities. In order to efficiently heat the garbage containing garbage, the number is set to be larger on the inlet side where the water content is higher. The inner tube 11 is rotated at a predetermined speed by a driving device 35 via a chain 15.

The temperature of the steam is preferably 165 ° C. or higher in order to reduce the volume of contaminants such as plastics by heat shrinkage, and the PVC in the plastics is thermally decomposed to remove hydrogen chloride gas. 200 to prevent release
It is preferable that the temperature is not higher than ° C. Further, it is preferable that the pressure of the steam is set to a pressure that does not allow garbage containing impurities to enter the through hole 11a of the inner tube 11.

The screw blade 12 is a helically continuous blade installed at a constant pitch on the peripheral wall of the inner tube 11.
In order to efficiently transport garbage containing impurities in the outer tube 10 to the outlet side by rotating the inner tube 11, the screw blades 12
Is made to substantially contact the inner wall of the outer tube 10. In the garbage containing impurities conveyed by the rotation of the screw blade 12, the region defined by the outer tube 10, the inner tube 11, and the screw blade 12 is directed from the inlet side to the outlet side by the taper of the inner tube 11. Because it is narrowed, it is pressurized during transportation.

The pressing device 30 is an umbrella-shaped ring which is disposed so as to face the end face on the outlet side of the outer tube 10 and is externally inserted into a peripheral wall near the outlet of the inner tube 11, and the inner surface of which is an inner tube. An umbrella-shaped ring 31 which is almost in contact with 11 and which is inclined toward the direction in which the contaminants are discharged, and a cylinder 32 which is installed on the gantry 20 and presses the umbrella-shaped ring 31 in a direction against the discharge of the contaminants. It has. This pressing device 30
Applies a pressing pressure to the foreign substances discharged from the outlet side of the outer tube 10 in a direction that hinders the discharge, thereby further pressurizing the garbage containing the foreign substances, and controlling the pressing pressure to improve the sorting efficiency and the like. The amount of contaminants discharged is adjustable.

The steam discharge pipe 22 is provided in the through hole 10 of the outer pipe 10.
This is a tube provided with a number of nozzles 23 for spraying steam toward a, and is used for cleaning and opening the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10 which may be closed during sorting with steam. Further, around the peripheral wall of the outer tube 10, there is provided a tray 24 for collecting solubilized garbage discharged through the through-hole 10 a of the outer tube 10.

Next, the operation of the organic waste sorting apparatus 100 of the present embodiment will be described.

First, raw garbage containing foreign substances such as plastics is roughly crushed by a twin-screw crusher or the like.
After the thickness is set to 100 mm, the waste is introduced into the outer tube 10 from the waste introduction port 21. Then, the driving device 35 is driven to drive the inner pipe 11.
Is rotated to transport garbage containing impurities in the outer tube 10 to the outlet side by the screw blades 12, and introduce steam into the inner tube 11 through the steam introduction tube 14, and pass the steam through the through-hole 11 a. The garbage containing the foreign matter is ejected through the container, and the pressing device 30 is driven to press the garbage containing the foreign matter in the outer tube 10.

At this time, the garbage containing impurities is heated by the steam ejected from the through-hole 11a, and the garbage is selectively solubilized to be in a liquid state. The pressing device 3
0 presses garbage containing impurities,
The garbage containing impurities in the outer tube 10 is
When transported to the outlet side, the volume inside the outer tube 10 is reduced due to the taper of the inner tube 11, and the garbage containing impurities is further subjected to a pressure treatment.

Since the solubilized garbage is pressurized, it selectively passes through the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10 and is discharged to the outside of the outer tube 10 and collected by the tray 24. Is discharged outside. On the other hand, since the impurities are not solubilized by the heat treatment, they do not pass through the through-holes 10a, are washed by steam, and are transported to the outlet side through the outer tube 10 while being reduced in volume by heat shrinkage and discharged. You.

If the through-hole 10a of the outer tube 10 is closed during operation, steam is appropriately introduced into the steam jetting tube 22, and steam is jetted into the through-hole 10a to be washed and opened.

The garbage, which is separated and liquefied and has improved handling properties, is then subjected to methane fermentation, composting, drying into a solid fuel by drying, or carbonization, and is preferably recycled. Is made. On the other hand, contaminants such as plastics from which garbage has been separated and which has been washed and reduced in volume are preferably subjected to incineration, landfilling, resource recycling, and the like.

As described above, according to the organic waste sorting apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the garbage containing impurities is heat-treated to selectively solubilize the garbage, solubilized to a liquid state. The garbage is selectively passed through the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10 and discharged to the outside, while impurities are dried in the outer tube 10 without being discharged from the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10. In addition, it is possible to sort garbage from garbage containing impurities at a high sorting efficiency with a simple configuration.

The organic waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can take various modifications.

For example, in the above embodiment, the area defined by the outer pipe 10, the inner pipe 11, and the screw blade 12 is made narrower from the inlet side to the outlet side.
The outer tube 10 is a cylinder, and the inner tube 11 is a tapered tube with a thicker outlet side, but is not limited to this. For example, a cylinder may be employed as the inner tube, and a tapered tube having a narrow outlet side may be employed as the outer tube. Alternatively, the inner pipe and the outer pipe may each be cylindrical, and the pitch of the screw blades 12 may be reduced toward the outlet. Also, depending on the conditions, the pressing device 30
Alternatively, pressurization may be performed only by transport by the screw blade 12 without providing the pressure.

Further, in the above embodiment, since the pressurization is performed by transportation by the screw blade 12, the outer pipe 10,
The area defined by the inner tube 11 and the screw blades 12 is made narrower from the inlet side to the outlet side, but is not limited to this, and the area defined by the inner side is constant from the inlet side to the outlet side. The garbage containing impurities may be pressurized only by 30.

In the above embodiment, the steam is blown out from the through-hole 11a formed in the inner pipe 11 in order to heat the garbage. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the steam is blown out from the steam blow-out pipe 22. Heat treatment of garbage as well as cleaning of the through-holes 10a by steam may be performed.
It may be heated by an electric heater or the like instead of steam.

In the above embodiment, the diameter of the through hole 10a of the outer tube 10 is the same, but the diameter is not limited to this, and the diameter of the through hole 10a may be changed depending on the position in the axial direction. For example, make the diameter of the inlet side larger than that of the outlet side,
Dewatering is effectively performed by the large-diameter through-hole at the relatively low-pressure inlet side, and the small-diameter through-hole is used at the relatively high-pressure outlet side. You may make it collect | recover at a rate.

In the above embodiment, a cylinder formed by a punching plate having a through hole is employed as the outer tube 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, garbage may be discharged from a plurality of plates. Is also good.

Further, in the above embodiment, garbage is used as the organic waste, but the present invention is not limited to this, and pig manure or cow manure may be used.

[0038]

As described above, according to the organic waste sorting apparatus according to the present invention, the organic waste containing impurities introduced into one end of the outer tube is removed by rotation of the screw blade at the other end. When transported to the side, the organic waste is selectively solubilized because it is pressurized by the pressurizing means and heated by the heating means. Then, the organic waste that has been solubilized into a liquid state is selectively passed through the through-hole of the outer tube by pressure treatment and discharged to the outside of the outer tube, while impurities that are not solubilized by the heat treatment are removed. Dry without discharging from the through hole of the outer tube. by this,
Provided is an organic waste sorting apparatus capable of sorting organic waste from organic waste containing contaminants with a simple configuration and high sorting efficiency.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an organic waste sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 10: outer tube, 10a: through hole, 11: inner tube (rotary shaft),
11a: through-hole, 12: screw blade, 22: steam ejection tube, 30: pressing device, 100: organic waste sorting device.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B09B 5/00 Q F term (Reference) 3K065 AA12 AC01 AC11 AC13 BA05 CA01 CA02 4D004 AA03 AA07 AC04 BA03 BA04 CA03 CA07 CA23 CB04 CB16 CB45 CC01 4D021 AA13 AB01 CA11 CB02 DB01 EA10 GB02 HA10

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An organic waste sorting device for sorting said organic waste from organic waste containing impurities, comprising: an outer tube having a through hole formed in a peripheral wall; and a rotatable inside said outer tube. A rotating shaft disposed around the rotating shaft, and transporting the organic waste containing the contaminants introduced into one end of the outer tube by rotation of the rotating shaft toward the other end. A spiral screw blade, pressurizing means for pressurizing the transported organic waste containing the impurities, and heating means for heating the transported organic waste containing the impurities, An organic waste sorting apparatus, wherein the through-hole of the outer tube is formed in a size that allows the organic waste to selectively pass through the contaminants. 2. The pressure means is configured such that a region defined by the outer tube, the rotation shaft, and the screw blade is narrowed from the one end side to the other end side. The organic waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressurizing means applies a predetermined pressure to the foreign matter discharged from the other end of the outer tube so as to prevent the foreign matter from being discharged.
Or the organic waste sorting device according to 2. 4. The organic device according to claim 1, wherein the heating unit ejects steam to the transported organic waste containing the contaminants. Waste sorting equipment. 5. The heating means has a through-hole capable of ejecting the vapor to the transported organic waste containing the contaminants, while the interior of the heating means is hollowed to introduce the vapor. The organic waste sorting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the apparatus is a rotating shaft formed on a peripheral wall.