JP2002121755A - Composite waterproof method for underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite waterproof method for an underground structure which can be easily constructed at a low cost only by building the structure of reinforced concrete on the ground and settling the structure by using a special submerged caisson method, and perform repair treatment of weak elements remaining in a skeleton during the construction before submergence and waterproof treatment on an external wall surface, and completely regulate water infiltration from a bottom part after submergence. SOLUTION: In this composite waterproof method for the underground structure, a caisson having no top or bottom is constructed of reinforced concrete with waterproof material mixed therein on the predetermined ground, weak elements remaining in the skeleton during the construction are repaired, the external wall surface is primer- treated, the caisson body is submerged to a desired bearing ground by repeating excavation of an inner bottom of the bearing ground and settlement by the self weight, aggregates are filled in the inner bottom of the bearing ground, a reinforced concrete floor layer with waterproof material is formed on the filled aggregates via a waterproof film, and permeable waterproof paint is applied to and infiltrated in an internal wall surface of the caisson body including the floor layer. When submerging the caisson body constructed on the ground by the submerged caisson method, high strength correction and high waterproof are performed before and after the submergence.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a box having no ceiling or bottom with reinforced concrete by working on a predetermined ground, and submerging the box to a desired supporting ground by its own weight, for example, in a basement. When constructing an underground structure, the composite waterproofing related to the underground structure such as the strength of the body of the box to be hidden and the high waterproofness of the body itself, the formation of a waterproof floor layer, the blocking of seepage water from the soil It concerns the construction method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In Japan, where land is small, land prices are high, and there is a high demand for basements as living parts when constructing houses. This is because the basement is ideal as an entertainment room, an audio room, a practice room for musical instruments such as pianos, and a room where sounds can be freely output to the neighborhood. According to the Building Standards Law of Japan, when a basement was previously occupied, the "room" was always in front of the room.
It was necessary to establish a basement, but according to a notice of the Ministry of Construction in 1998, a basement with no windows that went underground at all was recognized as habitable. Although the basement is limited to 1/4 of the total number of rooms, the basement has characteristics such as "heat insulation" and "sound insulation", and it is expected that the demand will be further increased in the future.

In general, in the construction of a basement-equipped house, the following three methods have been known for the construction of the basement. That is, the volume (height x area) of the box that will become the basement is defined in advance, and a space corresponding to the volume of the defined box and a vertical hole that can form a working space around the space are retained. A method of digging down while constructing a wall and constructing the basement structure in the vertical hole is the same as the method of constructing a retaining wall and carrying it in another place (for example, a factory) in the digging down the vertical hole. The method of lifting and burying the resulting basement structure with a machine such as a crane is a method of holding a ready-made building with a mounting tool such as a jack and digging the building while gradually digging down the holding ground. .

[0004]

However, in the above case, it is difficult to construct a basement structure with reinforced concrete in a dug down hole because the working space between the building and the retaining wall is narrow. Not only that, when forming the retaining wall, the driving position of H steel material and railway rails, etc., must be set at a place that is considerably long from the boundary of the adjacent land to the near side (own site side), It was difficult to widely use for the basement installation.

[0005] In the above case, the construction of the retaining wall has the above-mentioned disadvantages, and the basement structure carried from another place is limited to a size that can be lifted by a machine such as a crane. In some cases, construction was not possible due to the lack of a place to install machines such as cranes.

Further, in the above case, a large number of jacks and other erection tools and a large number of working workers are required when submerging, and the submersion of the basement structure by this method increases the construction cost. there were.

Further, regardless of which of the above methods, there is a problem that the strength of the skeleton and the waterproofness of the skeleton itself are not sufficient for the underground structure serving as the basement.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned various problems, and an object of the present invention is to use a unique latent box construction method, simply build and reinforce reinforced concrete on the ground, and simply settle it. Moreover, it can be built at low cost, and
Before submersion, a composite waterproofing method for underground structures that corrects the weak elements remaining in the building during construction and waterproofs the outer wall surface, and after the submersion allows perfect control of seepage water from the bottom and surroundings Is to provide.

[0009]

To achieve the above object, a composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention comprises:
A ceiling, a bottomless box is built with reinforced concrete mixed with waterproofing material on the predetermined ground, and the weak elements remaining in the building at the time of the construction are corrected, and after applying a primer treatment layer to the outer wall surface, The box is buried down to the desired supporting ground by repetition of digging down its inner bottom and subsidence,
An aggregate is filled in the inner bottom of the supporting ground, a reinforced concrete floor layer containing a waterproof material is formed on the filled aggregate through a waterproof film, and penetrates into an inner wall surface of a box including the floor layer. It is characterized by applying and infiltrating a waterproof coating, so that when submerging a box built by ground work using the submersion method, high strength correction and high waterproofness can be applied before and after the submarine.

In the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the outer periphery of the box submerged to the supporting ground is dug down, and soil having good tightness is put into the dug-down portion. It was constructed so that a barrier layer for permeated water could be obtained around the box.

[0011]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a form is assembled and a reinforced concrete is cast when constructing a box on the ground. FIG. 2 is a weakness remaining when the form is removed after the reinforced concrete is cured and cured. Modify the element,
Partial cross-sectional view of the skeleton with a primer treatment layer applied to the outer wall surface,
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the box built on the ground at the start of the submersion, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the submerging process, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the submarine at the end of the submersion, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after finishing the work of FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a mold formed by assembling a box 2 to be submerged on a predetermined ground G. The mold 1 includes an inner frame 1a forming an inner wall surface of the box 2 and , Box 2
And an outer frame 1b constituting an outer wall surface of the vehicle is connected by bolts 1c. The predetermined ground G is 50 to 6 in advance.
A digging portion K having a depth of about 0 cm is provided. This is effective in reducing the amount of settlement when the box 2 is submerged.
It is not necessary to form an earth retaining wall for forming the digging portion K.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a space between the inner and outer frames 1a and 1b of the mold 1
It is a reinforced concrete containing a waterproof material which flows in through a nozzle 4 communicating with a supply source (not shown) of a concrete mixer vehicle or the like. Although there is no particular limitation on the waterproofing material mixed into the reinforced concrete, for example, Narfardo C <
Made by Naruse Chemical Co., Ltd.>

As described above, after the reinforced concrete 3 containing the waterproof material is solidified and cured, the mold 1 is removed to construct the box 2 having only the ceiling and the bottom side wall as shown in FIG. The reinforced concrete used here may be fiber reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete, but the strength is 270 kg.
/ Cm 2 or more.

When the mold 1 is removed, weak elements (for example, bolt holes and stripped portions, or cracks due to shrinkage generated during solidification and curing) remain in the body of the box 2. It is important to carry out a composite waterproofing treatment such as providing a primer treatment layer (for example, a coating layer of waterproof asphalt) 6 on the outer wall surface in addition to the correction treatment (peacon treatment, mortar filling) 5a and 5b as in 2.

Next, the ground (soil) at the inner bottom of the box 2 after being built is dug down by using a machine 7 such as a power shovel (hand digging is also possible), and the discharged earth and sand is carried out of the box. As a result of this digging, the case 2 sinks by its own weight as shown in FIG.

The lowering of the weight of the box 2 is performed several centimeters (approximately 5 to 8 cm). After digging down the ground in the box 2, the ground supporting the lower surface of the side wall of the box 2 is removed in a ring having a width of several centimeters. Thereby, the box 2 sinks by the removed amount. The removal of the ground on the lower surface of the side wall is performed by half a round as a procedure. That is, when the ground on the lower surface of the side wall of the box 2 in the horizontal state is removed by almost a half turn, the box 2 loses its support and sinks under its own weight so as to tilt. When the remaining half circumference is removed, the box 2 that has been inclined sinks under its own weight so as to return to horizontal. By repeating this as one cycle, the box 2 sinks sequentially. During the process of subsidence by its own weight, the level of the box 2 is checked at appropriate times using instruments such as transit, and fine adjustment is made if necessary.

When the box 2 is submerged, it is possible to sink (submerge) about 80 mm per hour with about three workers. Therefore, now, for example, a box having a height of 2700 mm is built on the ground, and the sub-box (17
In the case of subsidence for 00 mm), the time required for this is completed in a short time of about 2.6 days as 8 hours / day of actual operation.

Thus, when the box 2 reaches the desired supporting ground G 'as shown in FIG. 5 by repeating the sinking of its own weight and the digging of the ground, the aggregates 8 such as boulders and crushed stones are then placed on the inner bottom. To fill. At the time of this filling, a pressure is applied to the aggregate 8 to level it out. This pressurization work is important because it becomes the foundation of the basement (strengthening the supporting ground), and is also important for improving the finish of the floor surface.

After the packing of the aggregate 8, the waterproof film 9 is laid on the upper surface of the packing 8 as shown in FIG. 6, and a reinforcing steel bar (not shown) is disposed thereon. To form a reinforced concrete floor layer 10 containing The waterproof film 9 is effective for completely shutting off permeated water from the bottom surface of the box 2. It is satisfactory to use a plastic sheet (for example, a 0.1 mm thick polypropylene sheet) for the waterproof film 9.

As described above, after the reinforced concrete floor layer 10 at the bottom of the box 2 is completed, solidified and cured, the spray coating means 11 is applied to the inner wall surface of the box 2 including the reinforced concrete floor layer 6. Spray the permeable waterproof paint using.
This paint has a function of infiltrating into the skeleton of a concrete structure to surely prevent (shut out) moisture from penetrating. In addition, it is more preferable to use an inorganic permeable waterproof paint (Solo Seal <manufactured by NK Kaken Co., Ltd.>) as the paint because of excellent durability.

After the box 2 has reached the desired supporting ground G 'and the reinforced concrete floor layer 10 at the bottom of the box 2 has been completed, the outer periphery of the box 2 is dug down into a vertical hole. Soil with good compaction (soil with fine particles and easy to form aggregates =, for example, viscous soil such as red soil) is put into the dug-down portion, and pressure is applied to form a pressure-filled layer 12. The pressurized layer 12 is effective for eliminating the penetration of rainwater from the ground surface and for preventing the rainwater that has penetrated into the soil from penetrating from the side surface. In addition, the dug width W and the depth F can be arbitrarily determined. In addition, about 50-60c about digging width W
It is sufficient that m and the depth F are about 2/3 of the box from the ground surface.

After the completion of the subcasing of the case 2, the necessary outer materials are applied to the upper outer surface of the case 2 exposed from the ground surface, and the base (upper floor) of the house is formed of reinforced concrete on the upper surface. The Rukoto.

[0024]

As described above, the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention constructs a box without a ceiling and a bottom on a predetermined ground by using reinforced concrete mixed with a waterproof material. After correcting the weak elements remaining in the skeleton, and applying a primer treatment layer on the outer wall surface, the box is sunk to the desired support ground by repetition of digging down the inner bottom and sinking by its own weight, and The inner bottom is filled with aggregate, a reinforced concrete floor layer containing a waterproof material is formed on the filled aggregate through a waterproof film, and a permeable waterproof paint is applied to the inner wall surface of the box including the floor layer. Since it is characterized by applying and infiltrating, a box obtained by ground work can be easily hidden without using a machine such as a crane or an installation tool such as a jack. In addition, there is no need to drive H steel or railroad rails to build earth retaining walls.
In addition to being able to construct underground structures efficiently in a short period of time, the basement can be widely used for installing basements regardless of the size and location of the basement structure, and the underground structure has excellent structural strength and waterproofness And various other excellent effects can be obtained.

In the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the outer periphery of the box submerged to the supporting ground is dug down, and soil having good tightness is put into the dug-down portion. Since it is characterized by pressurizing, a barrier layer for permeated water is obtained around the box, and an excellent effect of obtaining a further waterproof effect can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a reinforced concrete is cast in a formwork when constructing a box on the ground.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a skeleton obtained by correcting a weak element remaining when a form is removed after solidification and curing of reinforced concrete, and applying a primer treatment layer to an outer wall surface.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a box built on the ground at the start of a submarine box.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the submerging process of the box.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the box at the end of the latent box.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view after finishing the floor portion and the outer peripheral portion of the box.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Form frame 1a Inner frame 1b Outer frame 1c Bolt 2 Box 3 Reinforced concrete with waterproofing material 4 Nozzle 5a, 5b Correction processing part 6 Primer treatment layer 7 Machine such as power shovel 8 Aggregate such as cobblestone and crushed stone 9 Waterproof film DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Reinforced concrete floor layer 11 Spray application means 12 Packing layer G Predetermined ground on which a basement is to be constructed G 'Desired support ground K Drilling part W Drilling width F Drilling depth

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A box having no ceiling or bottom made of reinforced concrete mixed with a waterproof material on a predetermined ground, correcting weak elements remaining in the body at the time of the building, and applying a primer treatment layer on an outer wall surface. After carrying out, the box is buried to a desired supporting ground by repeating the digging of its inner bottom and the sinking of its own weight, and the inner bottom of the supporting ground is filled with aggregate, and the box is filled with aggregate. A composite waterproofing method for an underground structure, wherein a reinforced concrete floor layer containing a waterproof material is formed via a waterproof film, and a permeable waterproof paint is applied to the inner wall surface of the box including the floor layer and penetrated. 2. The underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer periphery of the box submerged to the supporting ground is dug down, and soil having good tightening properties is put into the dug-down portion to pressurize. Composite waterproofing method.