JPH09242091A - Construction method for underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method in which it can be applied even for the place of difficult carry-in of a heavy machine, the construction period can be shortened, an effective floor area can be increased, outside waterproof treatment can be easily performed, and it is suitable for the soft ground or a narrow place. SOLUTION: A reinforced concrete external wall 1 is constructed on the ground, and while drilling the ground of the inside and the under part, the reinforced concrete external wall 11 is sunk down. Thereafter, arranged reinforcement drawn out from the reinforced concrete external wall 1 and arranged reinforcement for a reinforced concrete bottom slab are connected together, concrete is placed so as to form the reinforced concrete bottom slab, further a projecting connecting part is provided by placing concrete on the connected part of the arranged reinforcements, and a waterproof layer 2a continued from the external wall and concrete bottom slab is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground structure such as a basement, and more specifically, a method for constructing an underground structure suitable for soft ground and narrow land as well as shortening the construction period and increasing the effective floor area. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a basement or the like by a conventional method, first, an H-shaped steel or the like is driven into the surrounding area for earth retaining work, and the ground inside is excavated. Then, a mold is assembled on the ground on which the split stone and the discarded concrete have been placed, the reinforcing bars have been arranged, and then the concrete is placed. After that, after the concrete is solidified, the formwork is removed to build a concrete bottom slab and a concrete outer wall. The concrete slab and the concrete outer wall will be waterproofed, and the earth and sand excavated outside the concrete outer wall will be backfilled. In this way, the basement is constructed. Further, in recent years, a method of constructing a basement using a PC board unit has been proposed. In this method, a PC plate is set while excavating, and it is used as earth retaining material and backfilling is performed at any time to reduce the carry-out and carry-in of soil as much as possible. In this method, a PC board is used as an outer mold.

[0003]

By the way, the conventional construction method described above is indispensable for earth retaining work by driving in H-shaped steel or the like, and it is difficult to apply it to a place where it is difficult to carry in heavy equipment.
Moreover, the construction period will be extended by the amount of earth retaining work and backfilling of excavated earth and sand. In addition, it is necessary to secure a space for installing the formwork inside the earth retaining wall, which reduces the effective floor area such as the basement. In addition, it is difficult to secure a sufficient working space outside the built concrete outer wall, so that there is a problem that it takes a lot of time for construction such as outer waterproofing.

However, according to the construction method using the PC board which also serves as the earth retaining member and the outer form, the effective floor area of the basement or the like increases somewhat. However, even in this construction method, backfilling of earth and sand is indispensable, and the construction period associated therewith cannot be shortened. Further, in the conventionally known construction method, there is a problem that it is difficult to carry heavy construction equipment into a narrow land, and it is impossible to construct a basement or the like. Furthermore, since the excavated soil is backfilled on the outside of the concrete outer wall, the soil is softer than the conventional soil. For this reason, when excavating to the adjacent land and backfilling, the backfilled part will be compressed by the earth pressure from the outer circumference as the time passes, so if there is a building on the adjacent land, the building will be subsided due to subsidence. There was a problem of tilting.

Therefore, the present invention can be applied to a place where it is difficult to carry in heavy equipment, the construction period can be shortened, the effective floor area can be increased, and not only the outer waterproof treatment can be easily performed, but also Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for constructing an underground structure suitable for soft ground and narrow land.

[0006]

As a means for achieving the above object, the present invention is to construct a reinforced concrete outer wall on the ground, to settle the reinforced concrete outer wall while excavating the ground inside and below, and then to the reinforced concrete outer wall. Connecting the reinforcing bar drawn out from and the concrete bottom slab rebar, casting concrete to form a reinforced concrete bottom slab, and further providing a projecting connecting portion by casting concrete into the connecting part of the rebar, The feature is that a continuous waterproof layer is provided on the outer wall and the concrete bottom slab.
In addition, a waterproof layer is previously formed on the reinforced concrete outer wall on the ground, and after the reinforced concrete outer wall is settled, a waterproof layer is continuously formed on the inner reinforced concrete bottom plate to the waterproof layer formed on the reinforced concrete outer wall. It is characterized by

Then, a waterproof layer is previously formed on the outer surface and the lower surface of the outer wall of the reinforced concrete on the ground, and after forming a waterproof layer on the upper surface of the discarded concrete placed inside thereof, a bottom plate of the reinforced concrete is placed. It is preferable to provide a continuous waterproof layer from the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall to the lower surface of the reinforced concrete bottom slab. Further, it is preferable that the lower end portion of the outer wall of the reinforced concrete is covered with a protective plate on the ground in advance, the outer wall of the reinforced concrete is allowed to settle, and then the inner side of the protective plate is discarded and the reinforced concrete bottom slab is formed by laying it down on the concrete surface.

In order to provide a continuous waterproof layer, a protective plate having a waterproof layer provided on the inner surface of the bottom bent in a groove is installed in the formwork forming the outer wall of the reinforced concrete, and the outer formwork and the inner formwork are connected to each other. After removal, the outer side of the protective plate is laid down to give a waterproof layer to the outer wall of the reinforced concrete and the outer side of the protective plate is erected again. It is preferable that a waterproof layer continuous from the outer wall of the reinforced concrete is provided on the concrete surface by laying down the side and the reinforced concrete bottom slab is formed thereon. Furthermore, in using the protection plate, a spacer block is installed at a corner portion of the protection plate that covers the lower end portion of the outer wall of the reinforced concrete, and after placing concrete, the spacer block at the outer corner portion is removed on the ground. It is preferable that the waterproof layer is filled, the spacer block at the inner corner is removed after settling, the waterproof layer is filled, and the waterproof layer is continuous with the waterproof layer.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the method of constructing an underground structure of an embodiment for a basement such as a house,
First, as shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C, a reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is built on the ground, and a waterproof layer 2 is formed on the outer surface thereof. In addition, it is laminated on the waterproof layer 2 to form a slippery coating layer 3
Also forms. Then, partitions 4 and 4 for stiffening are installed inside the outer wall 1 of the reinforced concrete. When constructing the reinforced concrete outer wall 1, a reinforcing bar for connecting to the concrete bottom slab is bent and brought into contact with the inner mold, and arranged so that it is exposed when the inner mold is removed. Alternatively, a chemical anchor should be buried when pouring concrete.

2 (a) to 2 (e) and FIG. 3 (a)
8A to 8E show a step of placing the lower end portion of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1. First, as shown in FIG.
The receiving plate 5 is laid on the ground surface, the bottom formwork 7 is installed on the base plate via a block 6 in an upwardly inclined state, and the outer formwork 8 is erected. Then, the protective plate 9 bent in a groove shape is installed on the bottom mold 7, the outer side 9a thereof is erected along the inner side of the outer mold 8, and the inner side 9b is also the inner surface of the inner mold described later. Stand up to follow. The protection plate 9 can be formed of an iron plate, a tin plate, a resin plate, or the like.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), a waterproof layer 2a is formed on the inner surface of the bottom of the protective plate 9, and spacer blocks are formed on both inner corners of the protective plate 9 as shown in FIG. 2 (c). 10,
Install 11. Further, as shown in FIG. 2D, the inner formwork 12 is erected on the receiving plate 5 so as to be attached to the inner side 9 b of the protective plate 9. Then, after placing concrete between the outer mold 8 and the inner mold 12, by removing the outer mold 8 and the inner mold 12, the lower end portion as shown in FIG. 2 (e) To obtain a reinforced concrete outer wall 1 covered with a protective plate 9 and having a waterproof layer 2a formed on its lower surface.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the outer side 9a of the protective plate 9 along the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is tilted down to remove the spacer block 11. Subsequently, FIG.
As shown in (b), the gap formed by removing the spacer block 11 is filled with the waterproofing agent 12, and the waterproof layer 2b is formed on the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 to continuously connect the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 to the lower surface. The waterproof layers 2b and 2a are formed. A slippery coating layer 3 is formed on the waterproof layer 2 on the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 (see FIG. 3 (c)). The waterproof layer 2 can be formed by any waterproofing means such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing and coating waterproofing. Then, as shown in FIG. 3D, the outer side 9a of the protection plate 9 is attached to the reinforced concrete outer wall 1
It stands up so as to follow the outer surface of the base plate, excavates the ground below the protective plate 9, and removes the receiving plate 5, the block 6, and the bottom formwork 7.

When the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 having anchor reinforcement is built on the ground by the above steps, FIG.
As shown in (c) to (c), the ground inside and below the ground is excavated and the outer wall 1 of the reinforced concrete is settled down to a predetermined depth by its own weight. At this time, since the lower end portion of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 together with the waterproof layers 2a and 2b is previously covered with the protective plate 9, the waterproof layers 2a and 2b are not peeled off or the lower end portion of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is not damaged. The protective plate 9 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape so that the ground can be excavated, and the slippery coating layer 3 is formed on the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1, so that the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is smoothly settled. To do.

When the outer wall 1 of the reinforced concrete has settled to a predetermined depth, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c), the crushed stone 13 is laid on the ground surface inside the outer wall 1 of the reinforced concrete, and the discarded concrete 14 is placed on it. After the application, a reinforced concrete bottom plate 15 having anchor rebars is placed. At that time, by the steps shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C, the discarded concrete 14 and the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 are disposed.
A waterproof layer 2c is formed between the and. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, the inner side 9b of the protection plate 9 is laid down on the discarded concrete 14 before the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 is placed, and the spacer block 10 is removed. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, the gap formed by removing the spacer block 10 is filled with the waterproofing agent 12, and continuously from this, from the inner side 9b of the protection plate 9 to the upper surface of the discarded concrete 14. Waterproof layer 2
Form c. As a result, a continuous waterproof layer 2 is formed on the discarded concrete 14 from the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 through the lower surface, and the outer waterproof treatment of the basement is completed.

Thereafter, a reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 is placed as shown in FIG. 6 (c), and as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (c), at the joint portion with the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 around the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15. Concrete is poured to provide the reinforcing bar connecting portion 16. That is, as shown in FIG.
Anchored bars 1a provided beforehand so as to project to the inner surface side of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 and anchor bars 15a protruding from the upper surface of the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 are connected to each other to connect the reinforcing bars by placing concrete. Part 1
6 is provided. As shown in FIG. 9, the reinforcing bar connecting portion 16 may be provided by utilizing the chemical anchor 1b embedded in the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 in advance.

Regarding the structure of the reinforcing bar connecting portion 16, as described above, the case where the anchor reinforcement 1a and the anchor reinforcement 15a are connected, the case where the reinforcement reinforcement connection is provided by using the chemical anchor 1b, and the concrete outer wall 1 The reinforcing bar connecting portion 16 may be provided by making a hole for a chemical anchor in the concrete after the burying, and attaching a chemical anchor to this hole to connect with the anchor bar 15a. Further, the outer side 9a and the inner side 9 of the protection plate 9 in the above-described embodiment.
Although b can be turned upside down, the outer side 9a may be provided with the waterproof layers 2a and 2b in advance and filled with the waterproofing agent 12 so as not to be turned down.

By forming the reinforced concrete connecting portion 16, the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 and the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 are firmly connected to form a rigid joint and complete outer waterproofing treatment (see FIG. 10). In addition, although the case where the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is waterproofed has been described in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the upper surface of the reinforced concrete bottom slab 15 is passed from the inner surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 through the upper surface and the side surface of the reinforcing bar connecting portion 16. Further complete waterproofing can be achieved by forming another waterproofing layer 17 continuous with and performing inner waterproofing. The outer waterproof may be omitted and only the inner waterproof 17 may be provided. Further, although the lower end surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 is an inclined surface, it is not limited to this and may be any shape such as a curved surface, a V-shaped surface or a horizontal surface.

In the basement room thus waterproofed, a heat insulating material or the like may be provided on the inner surface of the basement to build a floor.
That is, based on the upper end of the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 (Fig. 1
2) or based on the reinforced connecting portion 16 (see FIG. 13) or the ceiling of the reinforced concrete slab 18 continuous to the reinforced concrete outer wall 1 (see FIG. 14), such as a wooden house, a steel frame structure, a reinforced concrete structure. Appropriate houses are built. In this case, when constructing the basement, earth retaining work is not required and large heavy equipment is not required to be carried in, so it can be applied to soft ground and narrow land.
In addition, because it is not necessary to backfill the soil of the excavated ground,
The construction period is shortened accordingly. In particular, since the concrete outer wall 1 can be cast on the ground to the adjacent ground, the effective floor area of the basement is increased even when compared with the construction method using a PC board that also serves as an earth retaining member and an outer formwork. be able to. Furthermore, since backfilling is not necessary and the geology is not changed, there is no adverse effect such as tilting the building on the adjacent land.

The present invention can be applied not only to the above-mentioned basement of a building but also to a pool or a water tank. Also, by providing a reinforced concrete slab as the ceiling,
It can also be applied to underground tanks of gas stations and various shelters.

[0020]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since earth retaining work is not required when constructing an underground structure, it can be applied to a place where it is difficult to carry heavy equipment on a narrow land.
In addition, since soil backfilling work is not required in addition to earth retaining work, not only the construction period can be shortened, but also the geology is not changed. Furthermore, since the concrete outer wall is cast on the ground, it is also possible to cast it on the adjacent land. Therefore, the effective floor area can be increased as compared with the construction method using the PC plate that also serves as the earth retaining member and the outer form.

In particular, a waterproof layer is formed on the outer surface and the lower surface of the concrete outer wall in advance on the ground, and after the concrete outer wall is settled, a waterproof layer is formed on the driving surface of the concrete bottom slab inside the concrete outer wall. Since it is continuous with the waterproof layer formed on, the outer waterproofing process can be performed easily and completely. Moreover, the settling operation of the concrete outer wall can be smoothly performed due to the presence of the waterproof layer.

An anchor reinforcing means is provided on each of the concrete outer wall and the concrete bottom slab, and after placing the concrete bottom slab, concrete is struck at the joint portion with the concrete outer wall around the concrete bottom slab to form the reinforcing bar connecting portion. Since it is provided, it is possible to obtain a rigid underground structure that is rigidly joined, and the outer waterproof treatment can be more complete.

Furthermore, since the lower end of the concrete outer wall is covered with a protective plate in advance on the ground together with the waterproof layer, the lower end of the concrete outer wall is prevented from being damaged when the concrete outer wall is settled, and the concrete outer wall can be smoothly settled. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a reinforced concrete outer wall built on the ground in an embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of (a), and (c) is a sectional view of B of (a).
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B.

2 (a) to 2 (e) are process drawings of a work for placing a lower end portion of a reinforced concrete outer wall in one embodiment.

3A to 3E are process diagrams of a waterproof layer forming operation on a lower end portion of a reinforced concrete outer wall according to an embodiment.

FIG. 4 shows a settling state of a reinforced concrete outer wall in one embodiment, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is A- of (a).
A line sectional view, (c) is a BB line sectional view of (a).

FIG. 5 shows a reinforced concrete bottom slab in one embodiment, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is A- in (a).
A line sectional view, (c) is a BB line sectional view of (a).

6A to 6C are process diagrams showing a waterproof layer forming operation on abandoned concrete in one embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a state of a reinforcing bar connecting portion in one embodiment,
(A) is a plan view, (b) is a sectional view taken along line AA of (a),
(C) is a BB line sectional view of (a).

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a reinforcing bar connecting portion according to an embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another reinforcing bar arrangement state of the reinforcing bar connecting portion in the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state of outer waterproofing processing in one embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the states of the outer waterproof treatment and the inner waterproof treatment in the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a building state of a house based on an upper end of a reinforced concrete outer wall in one embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a building state of a house based on a reinforcing bar connecting portion in one embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a building state of a house based on a reinforced concrete slab according to an embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Reinforced concrete outer wall 1a Anchor reinforcement 1b Chemical anchor 2 Waterproof layer 3 Sliding coating film 4 Partition 5 Receiving plate 6 Block 7 Bottom formwork 8 Outer formwork 9 Protective plate 9a Outer side 9b Inner side 10 Spacer block 11 Spacer block 12 Waterproof Agent 13 Cracked stone 14 Discarded concrete 15 Reinforced concrete bottom slab 16 Reinforcing bar joint 17 Other waterproof layer 18 Reinforced concrete slab

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yasutaka Ishii 3-1-3-405 Yasumicho, Higashimatsuyama City, Saitama Prefecture (72) Inventor Masamitsu Yoshida 1-3-9 Honichiki, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A reinforced concrete outer wall is constructed on the ground, the inner and lower grounds of the reinforced concrete outer wall are settled while excavating the ground, and after that, the reinforcing bar drawn out from the reinforced concrete outer wall and the reinforcing bar for reinforced concrete bottom plate are connected, Characterized in that concrete is cast to form a reinforced concrete bottom slab, and further concrete is placed at a connecting portion of the reinforcing bar to provide a protruding connecting portion, and a continuous waterproof layer is provided to the outer wall and the concrete bottom slab. Construction method of underground structure. 2. A waterproof layer is previously formed on the reinforced concrete outer wall on the ground, and after the reinforced concrete outer wall is settled, a waterproof layer is continuously formed on the reinforced concrete bottom slab to the waterproof layer formed on the reinforced concrete outer wall. It forms, The construction method of the underground structure of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 3. A waterproof layer is preliminarily formed on the outer surface and the lower surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall on the ground, and a waterproof layer is formed on the upper surface of the discarded concrete cast therein,
2. The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 1, wherein a concrete bottom slab is formed and a continuous waterproof layer is provided from the outer surface of the reinforced concrete outer wall to the lower surface of the reinforced concrete bottom slab. 4. The lower end of the reinforced concrete outer wall is previously covered with a protective plate on the ground, the reinforced concrete outer wall is allowed to settle, and then the inner side of the protective plate is discarded to form a reinforced concrete bottom slab. The method for constructing an underground structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 5. A protective plate having a waterproof layer provided on the inner surface of the bottom bent in a groove in a form forming a reinforced concrete outer wall, and after removing the outer form and the inner form, the outer side of the protect plate. And erected the outer side of the protective plate again by applying a waterproof layer to the outer wall of reinforced concrete, and after setting down the outer wall of the reinforced concrete, cast abandoned concrete, and overturn the inner side of the protective plate to abandon the concrete surface The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a continuous waterproof layer is provided from the outer wall, and a reinforced concrete bottom slab is formed thereon. 6. A spacer block is installed at a corner portion of a protective plate covering a lower end portion of the reinforced concrete outer wall, and after the concrete is placed, the spacer block at the outer corner portion is removed on the ground and filled with a waterproofing agent, The method for constructing an underground structure according to claim 5, wherein the spacer block at the inner corner portion is removed after settling, filled with a waterproofing agent, and the waterproofing layer is made continuous through the waterproofing agent.