JPH09324431A - Construction method of basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain facilitation and an increase in efficiency by making a footing by excavating a hole, making a floor surface in an inside bottom part inside which a water-impervious bag is arranged, placing concrete by arranging a form only on the inside of a side surface, and creating a wall surface by pushing the water- impervious bag against it. SOLUTION: A hole 10 to make a basement is excavated, and a wall surface of the hole 10 is substantially smoothly finished by performing earth retaining processing by H shape steel 12, a sheet pile and a soil improvement, and concrete of a footing 15 is placed in a bottom part. Next, a water-impervious bag 16 made of a waterproof sheet is arranged on the footing 15, and concrete is placed in an inside bottom part of the bag 16, and a floor surface 19 is made. Next, a form is arranged on the inside of a side surface of the bag 16 on the floor surface 19, and concrete is placed between the form 21 and the bag 16, and a wall surface 22 so formed. It is reinforced from inside by a beam member 23, and a separator material is properly arranged, and bar arrangement is set in a clearance with the water shielding bag 16, and is connected to bar arrangement of the floor surface 19. Therefore, after the wall surface 22 of the basement is completed, the form 21 is removed, and an outside form is obviated, and wastefulness of materials can be eliminated, and workability can be improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a basement, which is mainly used for constructing a basement in a private house.

[0002]

The most common method of constructing a basement is to excavate a hole in which concrete is used to form the floor and wall of the basement. In this method, it is difficult to ensure waterproofness, and when forming this wall surface, a mold is provided outside the wall surface, and therefore it is necessary to provide a space for forming the mold outside the basement. There is an inconvenience.

As a means for solving these problems, there is Japanese Patent No. 1942268 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-72430) of the present applicant. This is to secure waterproofness by providing a water shield bag made of rubber or the like in the excavated hole and forming a basement in this. Further, inside the water-permeable bag, the formwork is assembled from the inside to form the wall surface of the basement, and the work on the outside of the wall surface is omitted.

By this method, the problem of waterproofness has been completely solved, but there is still dissatisfaction regarding the work of making the wall surface of the basement. That is, the work is complicated because the molds inside and outside the wall surface are created from the inside. Further, since the mold on the outside of the wall surface is left without being removed, the material is wasted. Further, after the completion of the wall surface, a slight gap is left on the outer side of the water-impervious bag, and it is necessary to refill the gap.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned dissatisfaction and to obtain a new method for constructing a basement, which can form a wall surface more easily and efficiently.

The present invention excavates a hole forming a basement,
Furthermore, the wall surface of this hole is subjected to earth retaining treatment if necessary, and an almost smooth finish excavation step, and a foundation forming step of placing concrete at the bottom of this hole to form a foundation,
A waterproofing bag made of a waterproof sheet such as rubber is provided on the foundation in the hole, and if necessary, the outer surface, inner surface or both surfaces of the waterproofing bag is prevented from being damaged by contact with concrete or the like. A step of installing a protective bag to provide a protective material, a step of forming a floor surface by placing concrete on the inner bottom of the waterproof bag, and an inside of the side surface of the waterproof bag on the floor surface. Only, a formwork installation step of providing a formwork, a wall forming step of placing concrete between the formwork and the water-blocking bag to form a wall surface, and removing the formwork after forming the wall surface. However, it is a method of constructing a basement that consists of a form removing process to complete the basement.

Specifically, the excavation step is an excavation step in which a hole forming a basement is excavated, and the wall surface of the hole is earth-sheathed with an H-shaped steel and a sheet pile to finish the surface substantially smooth. be able to.

It is also possible to excavate a hole forming a basement, and further, the wall surface of the hole may be subjected to earth retaining treatment by soil improvement so that the excavation process is finished to be substantially smooth.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The embodiments shown in the drawings will be specifically described below.

The first step of the basement building method of the present invention is
It is an excavation process. Here, as shown in FIG. 1, a hole 10 that forms a basement is excavated. At this time, the wall surface 11 of the hole
Is almost smooth. This wall, as described below,
This is because it will function as a form as it is when placing concrete on the wall of the basement.

The wall surface of the hole is formed, for example, by a soil retaining process as shown in FIG. That is, the H-shaped steel 12 is driven into the ground before excavation of the hole, and the sheet pile 13 is attached together with the excavation, and when the excavation is completed, the rough wall surface 11 is formed.

The wall surface of this hole can be formed, for example, by an earth retaining treatment as shown in FIG. That is, before excavating the hole 10 ', the periphery of the hole 10' is once dug back to mix the soil improvement agent with the soil, and the soil improvement portion 14 'is exposed as the wall surface 11' so that the hole 10 'is exposed.
Is excavated, and when the excavation is completed, a rough wall surface 11 'is formed.

Depending on the soil quality and the depth of the hole, it is possible to simply excavate the hole without special earth retaining treatment.
It is also possible to obtain a desired hole and a substantially smooth wall surface.

The second step is a base forming step. As shown in FIG. 2, this is to form a foundation 15 for constructing a basement by placing concrete at the bottom of the hole 10.

The third step is the step of installing the water-blocking bag. As shown in FIG. 3, this is to provide a water blocking bag 16 on the foundation 15 in the hole 10. This waterproof bag 16 is made of rubber,
It is a bag formed of a waterproof sheet made of soft synthetic resin or the like, which ensures the waterproofness of the basement. It is advisable to provide a protective material on the outer surface, inner surface, or both surfaces of this water shield bag to prevent damage due to contact with concrete or the like. In the illustrated form, a protective material 17 made of a polystyrene foam plate, a non-woven fabric or the like is provided on the wall surface 11 of the hole and the surface of the foundation 15.
After that, the water-impervious bag 16 is suspended and provided, and then the protective material 18 made of a styrene foam plate or the like is adhered to the inner surface of the water-impervious bag 16.

The protective material may have any other structure as long as it protects the water-proof bag, such as a material to which a foam material is applied by spraying or the like. As described above, in addition to those sequentially attached, various methods such as a method of previously attaching to a water-impervious bag can be used. Further, when the waterproof bag has a sufficient strength by using a fiber reinforced composite material or the like, it is possible to omit the protective material on the outer surface, the inner surface or both surfaces.

The fourth step is a floor surface forming step. In this, as shown in FIG. 4, the floor surface 19 is formed by placing concrete on the inner bottom portion of the waterproof bag. Before the floor surface is laid, the reinforcing bar 20 is provided and its end is exposed in order to connect to the reinforcing bar on the wall surface.

The fifth step is a form setting step, and the sixth step
The step is a wall surface forming step. These are, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, on the inside of the side surface of the waterproof bag 16 on the floor surface 19,
A form 21 is provided, and between the form 21 and the water shield bag 16,
The wall 22 is formed by pouring concrete. The mold 21 forms only the inside of the wall surface, is reinforced by a beam member 23 from the inside, and is further provided with a separator material (not shown) as appropriate to ensure a gap with the water-blocking bag 16. Further, a reinforcing bar 24 is provided in the gap and is connected to the reinforcing bar 20 on the floor surface.

The seventh step is a mold removing step. This is to remove the formwork 21 after the wall surface 22 of the basement is completed, and in this step, the basement is completed as shown in FIG. After this, the ceiling of this basement and the building on the upper floor will be formed.

[0020]

Since the construction method of the present invention is as described above, only the inside of the wall is shaped when installing the form on the wall, and the outside form is not required. Therefore, the work is easy and quick. Becomes Further, unlike the conventional case, since the outer formwork is not thrown away, it is possible to reduce waste of materials and reduce costs.

Further, when the wall surface is completed, the outer surface of the water-impervious bag comes into close contact with the wall surface of the hole, and the backfilling work is unnecessary. That is, in the present invention, the drilling volume of the hole is reduced to the limit. Therefore, the construction work is simple, low cost, and quick.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of an excavation process of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of the base forming process.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of the water-permeable bag installation step.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of the floor surface forming step.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of the mold installation step and the wall surface forming step.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the basement is completed after completing the form removing process.

FIG. 7 shows the completion of the formwork installation process and wall forming process,
It is a partially expanded perspective view which fractured | ruptured a part.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the completion of the excavation process of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Hole, 11 ... Hole wall surface, 12 ... H-shaped steel, 13 ... Sheet pile, 15 ... Foundation, 16 ... Impermeable bag, 17 ... Protective material, 18 ...
Protective material, 19 ... Floor surface, 20 ... Bar arrangement, 21 ... Formwork, 22 ...
Wall of basement, 23 ... Beam member, 24 ... Bar arrangement. 10 '...
Hole, 11 '... Hole wall, 14' ... Soil improvement part.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Drilling a hole forming a basement, further comprising:
If necessary, excavate the wall surface of the hole by earth retaining to finish it to a smooth surface, form the foundation by placing concrete at the bottom of the hole, and form the foundation on the inside of the hole. In addition, a water barrier bag made of a waterproof sheet such as rubber shall be provided, and if necessary, a protective material shall be provided on the outer surface, inner surface or both surfaces of this water barrier bag to prevent damage due to contact with concrete etc. The water bag installation step, the floor surface formation step of placing concrete on the inner bottom of the water shield bag to form the floor surface, and the formwork only on the inside of the side surface of the water shield bag on the floor surface. The step of installing the formwork, the step of placing concrete between the formwork and the water barrier bag to form a wall surface, and the step of removing the formwork after forming the wall surface to complete the basement. A method for constructing a basement, which comprises a form removing process for making a basement. 2. The construction of a basement as set forth in claim 1, which has an excavation step in which a hole forming a basement is excavated, and the wall surface of the hole is earth-sheathed with H-shaped steel and sheet pile to finish the surface to be almost smooth. Method. 3. The method for constructing a basement according to claim 1, further comprising excavating a hole forming the basement, and further earth-retaining the wall surface of the hole by soil improvement to finish the surface to be substantially smooth.