JPS6335923A - Basement and its construction - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To curtail the cost of construction work by a method in which a cylindrical outer wall, a bottom slab covering the bottom of underground space surrounded by the outer wall, and a top slab covering the upper opening are formed under the ground, and the outer wall is made up of a deck plate and soil concrete layer. CONSTITUTION:A trench 2 is excavated to a given depth in the ground G where an outer wall is to be constructed, and the excavated soil is mixed with cement milk S. Before the soil concrete hardens, a deck plate 3 is penetrated into the trench 2. The trench 2 is surrounded by the plate 3 over the whole length of the trench 2 to form the outer wall of concrete layer a, and after the layer A hardens, the inside ground G is excavated. After the excavation, water-proof concrete is placed to the bottom to integrate the plate 3 with the bottom slab 10, and a deck plate 20 for the first floor is set above the wall plate 3 to cover the upper opening of the underground space to form a top slab 30. The construction procedure can thus be simplified.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a basement equipped with an "i14 temporary concrete structure using deck plates, and a construction method suitable for constructing the basement."

``Prior art'' Basements are generally built below the ground surface and form valuable residential spaces such as warehouses, military rooms, leisure rooms, etc., and for the purpose of making effective use of land, basements have traditionally been constructed. Various types of houses have been designed and constructed.

Conventionally, this type of basement has been constructed, for example, by the following steps.

(1) The process of excavating the area necessary to form a basement; (2) After installing formwork and reinforcing in the excavated area, pouring concrete into the formwork and removing the formwork. The process of constructing a basement, or the process of constructing a prefabricated basement instead of pouring it on site; (3) the process of waterproofing the basement after the above process; and (4) the process of backfilling the basement after completion.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, the following problems remain to be solved with the above-mentioned method of constructing a basement.

■Additional excavation is required to secure space for formwork construction and waterproofing work.

■If the ground is poor, mountain retaining work will be required in addition to the main construction.

■In the case of on-site casting, formwork work is troublesome and costly;
Also, reinforcement work is required.

■In the case of PC temporary prefabricated method, transportation costs are high.

■Waterproofing work is troublesome and costly.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to simplify the construction process, make the construction work easier, shorten the construction period, and also take waterproof measures. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a basement with a built-in structure and a method of constructing the same.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Therefore, the first invention, the basement, includes an outer wall that is formed underground in a cylindrical shape to form an underground space, and a bottom part of the underground space that is surrounded by the outer wall. A deck plate comprising a bottom plate portion and a top plate portion covering the upper opening of the outer wall, and forming the inner surface of the basement with the outer wall; and a deck plate interposed between the deck plate and the ground and integrally connected thereto. It is made up of a soil concrete layer.

In addition, the method for constructing a basement, which is the second invention, involves excavating the ground at the location of the outer wall of the basement to be formed, forming a groove, stirring the excavated soil inside the groove, and injecting cement milk into this part. During the step of mixing soil with excavated soil and solidifying the soil concrete mainly composed of excavated soil and cement milk, a deck plate is inserted into the groove, and the deck plate is mixed over the entire length of the groove. a step of enclosing the inner periphery of the groove with a deck plate, a step of excavating the inside surrounded by a deck plate after solidification of the soil concrete, a step of constructing a bottom slab by pouring concrete on the excavated bottom, This includes the steps of constructing a top plate by placing a deck plate for the first floor on top of the plate and pouring concrete on top of the deck plate.

Embodiment A basement and its construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below in accordance with the construction order with reference to FIGS. 1 to 13.

(i) Formation of soil concrete At the location (ground) G where the outer wall of the basement is to be constructed, use a multi-shaft shaft l with motor-driven stirring blades la suspended by a crane C to cut grooves 2 to the required depth. While excavating, the excavated soil is stirred inside this groove 2, and cement milk S is injected into this part by a pump P to mix well (see Fig. 1). The amount of cement S mixed in is about 20 to 30%, and soil concrete (concrete made by mixing the ground and cement milk)
The strength of this soil concrete should be about 50 Kg/am' (compressive strength) at a depth of 3 m and a water level of -1 m (at a depth of 3 m and a water level of -1 m). ), but if the amount of cement is determined in advance through experiments, reliable strength can be obtained.

(11) Inserting the deck plate Insert the deck plate 3 into the groove 2 before the soil concrete, whose main components are the soil of the excavated ground G and cement milk S, hardens (see Figure 2). As shown in Fig. 9, this deck plate 3 has a mesh 4.5 for preventing cracks in concrete attached to a wide band 1 formed in a corrugated shape, and has a width on the outer surface with respect to the ground. A spacer 6 is provided to take the space.

The height of the deck plate 3 is equal to the height of the excavated groove 2.
The depth is larger than the depth of the ground, and a portion of the upper end protrudes from the ground surface. The entire deck plate 3 is galvanized so that no anti-rust coating is required, and the entire surface has a corrugated pattern, which makes it easy to use studs to integrate the deck plate 3 and soil concrete. is no longer necessary. Then, the deck plates 1 and 3 are inserted into the groove 2 one by one while interlocking with each other, and the deck plate 3 surrounds the inner circumference of the groove 2 over the entire length, and the soil concrete is solidified to form soil concrete. Once layer A is formed, the outer wall of the basement will be completed.

(iii) Excavation of the ground inside the deck plate After the soil concrete has solidified, the inner ground G surrounded by the deck plate 3 is excavated as shown in FIG. When this excavation has progressed to a certain point, an HR7 for cutting lees is attached near the neck of the deck plate 3. In addition, at this time,
Since the outer wall also serves as a heap retainer, there is no need to perform heap retainer work even if the ground is poor.

(iv) Construction of the bottom slab After completing the excavation of the underground section, waterproof concrete (for example, Beston concrete, etc.) is placed at the bottom to construct the bottom slab 10 (see Fig. 4). In addition, when constructing this bottom plate part IO, as shown in FIG.
In addition, a support bar 13 that wraps around the reinforcing bar 12 of the bottom plate portion 10 is attached.
1, and by pouring waterproof concrete, the bottom 1
The printing unit IO and deck plate 3 are integrated. In addition, when the deck plate 3 is installed, the position where the deck plate 3 meets the bottom plate portion lO and the inside of the cylindrical body 11 is
Pack it with styrofoam or the like to prevent soil concrete or the like from getting inside the cylinder If.

(V) Construction of the top plate As shown in Figure 5, the deck plate 2 for the first floor floor slab
0 is placed over the top of the wall deck plate 3 to cover the upper opening of the underground space.
It is connected to via the angle material 21. This connection is the first
As shown in FIG. I and FIG. 12, this is done by fixing each flange portion 2Ia of the angle member 21 and each deck plate 3, 20 with a port 22 and a nut 23.

Next, as shown in Fig. 6, formwork 25 for the first floor foundation is placed around the outer wall of the basement, concrete is poured,
- forming the foundation 26 of the floor; Note that, of course, reinforcing reinforcing bars such as wire mesh may be buried inside the foundation portion 26.

After the foundation part 26 is formed, concrete is poured onto the upper surface of the floor slab deck plate 20 to form the top plate part 30, as shown in FIG.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1O, a swelling rubber 15 or the like is installed between the upper surface of the bottom plate part 10 and the deck plate 3 to shut off water in the bottom part IO, and the HI 7 is carried out and placed in the basement. complete.

The basement constructed with a trench by the above construction has a steel plate concrete structure with deck plate 3 and soil concrete 9A on its outer wall.
Since it becomes a waterproof material as it is, there is no need to carry out waterproofing work around it, and since the deck plate 3 and the ground G each take the place of formwork, formwork work can be eliminated and costs can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the

In addition, when installing a high window in the basement, as shown in FIG. All you have to do is install the .

In addition, the reference numeral 42 in the figure is an anchor bolt connecting the beam 40 and the deck plate 3, and the reference numeral 43 is a stirrup line buried inside the casing 40.

"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the basement of the first invention, the outer wall has a concrete structure with a deck plate and a soil concrete layer, so the deck plate constituting the outer wall can be used as it is for waterproofing and structural construction. Part 1, it has reliable strong deformation and water resistance, and the surface deck plate and the ground replace the formwork when forming the soil concrete layer, so no formwork work is required. As a result, costs can be reduced.

In addition, according to the construction method of the second invention, since the outer wall itself can be used as a retaining wall, additional digging can be omitted and RC formwork can be eliminated, which is significantly superior to conventional construction methods. The construction process can be simplified, the construction work is easy to perform, the construction period can be shortened, and construction costs can be reduced as there is no need to transport large items such as PC panels. It has various excellent effects.

It also has the advantage of being able to improve its applicability to soft ground and being particularly effective when earth retaining is required due to the proximity of adjacent buildings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 8 are shown to explain one embodiment of the process steps of the method of the present invention; Figure 1 is a sectional view showing the process of excavating a trench and forming a soil concrete layer; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the deck plate is inserted into this groove, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the underground space surrounded by the deck plate is being excavated, and Figure 4 is the state in which the bottom slab has been constructed. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the top plate has been constructed, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the foundation concrete for the first floor is being formed, and Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the first floor floor slab is constructed. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which concrete has been poured on the top surface of the deck plate, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the completed basement after removing the H-shaped steel, Figure 9 is a perspective view of the deck plate, Figure 1O is Fig. 1F is a plan view showing the connection between the bottom plate and the deck plate, Fig. 12 is its sectional view, and Fig. 13 is a main part showing the case where a high window is attached. FIG. G...Ground, S...Cement milk,
3...Deck plate, 4...Distribution reinforcing bar, 5...Main reinforcing bar, 6...Spacer,
IO...Bottom plate part, 20...-floor deck plate, 30...Formwork.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outer wall formed into a cylindrical shape in the ground to form an underground space, a bottom plate portion surrounded by the outer wall and covering the bottom of the underground space, and an upper opening of the outer wall. It is equipped with a top plate part that covers the
The basement is characterized in that the outer wall is composed of a deck plate that forms the inside of the basement, and a soil concrete layer that is interposed between the deck plate and the ground and integrates them. 2. The process of excavating the ground at the location of the outer wall of the basement to be formed and forming a groove, stirring the excavated soil inside the groove, and pouring cement milk into this area to mix it with the excavated soil, and the excavation. a step of inserting a deck plate into the groove and enclosing the inner periphery of the groove with the deck plate over the entire length of the groove before the soil concrete mainly composed of soil and cement milk solidifies; After solidification of the soil concrete, there is a step of excavating the inside surrounded by the deck plate, a step of pouring concrete on the excavated bottom to construct a bottom slab, and a step of installing a deck plate for the first floor on top of the deck plate. A method of constructing a basement, which includes the steps of constructing a ceiling by building a ceiling and pouring concrete on top of the bridge.