JP3530128B2 - Composite waterproofing method for underground structures - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is to construct a ceilingless and bottomless box by reinforced concrete in a predetermined work on the ground, and to make the box submerged by its own weight to a desired supporting ground, etc. When constructing an underground structure, the strength of the body of the body to be submerged and the high waterproofness of the body itself, the formation of a waterproof floor layer, the compound waterproofing related to the underground structure such as the blocking of permeated water from the soil It is related to the construction method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In Japan, where land is small, land prices are high, and therefore, there is a strong demand for a basement as a living part in housing construction. This is because the basement is ideal as an entertainment room, audio room, practice room for musical instruments such as pianos, etc., where you can feel free to make sounds in the neighborhood. In Japan's Building Standards Law, when a basement was previously occupied, there was always a "dry stream" in front of the room.
Although it was necessary to provide a space, a notice from the Ministry of Construction in 1998 has made it possible to accept a subterranean basement without windows that is completely underground. Of course, the basement is limited to 1/4 of the total number of rooms, but since the basement has characteristics such as "heat insulation" and "sound insulation", it is expected that demand will increase even more in the future.

Generally, in the construction of a house with a basement, the following three methods are generally known for constructing the basement part. That is, is to predefine the volume (height x area) of the box that will be the basement, and to create a space equivalent to the defined volume of the box and a vertical hole that can form a work space around the space. In the same way as the method of digging down while building a wall and constructing the basement structure in the vertical hole, the earth retaining wall is constructed and carried in another place (for example, a factory) in the vertical hole that is dug down while building a retaining wall. The method of burying the completed basement structure by hoisting it with a machine such as a crane is a method of holding a prefabricated structure with a construction tool such as a jack and gradually digging down the holding ground to bury the structure. .

[0004]

However, in the above case, it is difficult to construct a basement structure with reinforced concrete in a dug vertical hole because the working space between the building and the retaining wall is narrow. Not only with it, but when forming the earth retaining wall, the driving position of H steel material and railway rails, etc. must be set at a place that is fairly long from the boundary of the adjacent land to the front side (own site side), It was difficult to widely use for installing the basement.

Further, in the above case, the construction of the earth retaining wall has the above-mentioned drawbacks, and the basement structure carried from another place is limited to a size which can be lifted by a machine such as a crane. In some cases, it was not possible to construct a machine without securing a place to install the machine such as a crane.

Further, in the above case, a large number of erection tools such as jacks and a large number of actual work personnel are required for submerging, and there is a problem that the construction cost becomes high to submerge the basement structure by this method. there were.

Further, regardless of which of the above methods is used, there is a problem that the underground structure serving as the basement is not sufficient in the strength of the skeleton and the waterproofness of the skeleton itself.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned various problems, and its purpose is to simply construct a submerged concrete method on the ground and construct it by sinking it. Moreover, it can be constructed at low cost, and
A composite waterproofing method for underground structures that allows for the correction of weak elements that remain in the body during construction and waterproofing of the outer wall before construction, and the perfect control of permeated water from the bottom and surroundings after construction. To provide.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the present invention is
Ceiling with reinforced concrete mixed with waterproof material on a predetermined ground, constructing a box without a bottom, correcting the frail elements remaining in the skeleton during the construction, and after applying a primer layer to the outer wall, The box is submerged to a desired support ground by repeating digging of its inner bottom and subsidence by its own weight,
Aggregate is packed in the inner bottom of the supporting ground, a reinforced concrete floor layer containing waterproof material is formed on the packed aggregate with a waterproof film, and penetrates into the inner wall surface of the box body including the floor layer. It is characterized by applying and penetrating a waterproof waterproof paint, and when the box constructed by ground work is submerged by the submarine construction method, it is configured to have high strength correction and high waterproofness before and after the submersion.

Further, in the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the second aspect of the present invention, the outer periphery of the box body submerged to the support ground is dug down, and the dug portion is filled with soil having good tightness. It is characterized in that it is filled with pressure, and a barrier layer for permeated water is obtained around the box.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, FIG.
~ It demonstrates based on FIG. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a formwork is assembled and reinforced concrete is placed when building a box on the ground, and Fig. 2 is the weakness that remains when the formwork is removed after solidification curing of the reinforced concrete. Modify the element,
Partial sectional view of the skeleton with a primer layer on the outer wall,
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a box constructed on the ground at the start of submersion, Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the submersion process, Fig. 3 is a cross-section at the end of submersion, and Fig. 4 is formation of floor layer and permeable waterproof paint. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state after the work of 1 and finishing of the outer periphery of the box.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a formwork in which a box body 2 to be submerged is assembled in order to build it on a predetermined ground G. The formwork 1 is an inner frame 1a constituting an inner wall surface of the box body 2. , Box 2
The outer frame 1b constituting the outer wall surface of the above is connected by a bolt 1c. The predetermined ground G is 50 to 6 in advance.
A digging portion K having a depth of about 0 cm is provided. This is effective in reducing the subsidence amount when the box 2 is submerged.
It is not necessary to form an earth retaining wall to form the excavated portion K.

3 is between the inner and outer frames 1a and 1b of the mold 1,
It is a reinforced concrete containing a waterproof material, which is made to flow through a nozzle 4 communicating with a supply source (not shown) such as a concrete mixer vehicle. The waterproof material mixed in this reinforced concrete is not particularly limited, but for example, Nalfaldo C <
Satisfied with using Naruse Chemical Co., Ltd.>.

As described above, after the reinforced concrete 3 containing the waterproof material is solidified and cured, the form 1 is removed to construct the box 2 having only the ceiling and the bottomless side wall as shown in FIG. The reinforced concrete used here may be fiber reinforced concrete or reinforced concrete, but has a strength of 270 kg.
/ Cm2 or more is required.

Since a weak element (for example, a bolt hole or a peeling portion, or a crack due to shrinkage caused by solidification or curing) remains on the body of the box 2 when the mold 1 is removed, In addition to the correction treatments (Peacon treatment, mortar filling) 5a and 5b as described in 2, it is important to perform a combined waterproof treatment such as providing a primer treatment layer (for example, a waterproof asphalt coating layer) 6 on the outer wall surface.

Next, the ground (soil) at the inner bottom of the box 2 after construction is dug down by using a machine 7 such as a power shovel (hand digging is also possible), and the discharged earth and sand is carried out of the box. Due to this dug-down, the box body 2 sinks due to its own weight as shown in FIG.

The weight subsidence of the box 2 is performed by several centimeters (approximately 5 to 8 cm). After digging down the ground in the case 2, the ground supporting the lower surface of the side wall of the case 2 is removed in an annular shape with a width of several centimeters. As a result, the box 2 sinks only by the amount removed. As a procedure, the removal of the ground on the lower surface of the side wall is performed for each half circumference. That is, when the ground on the lower surface of the side wall of the box 2 in the horizontal state is removed by about half the circumference, the box 2 loses its support and sinks by its own weight so as to tilt. Then, when the remaining half circumference is removed, the tilted box body 2 sinks by its own weight so as to return to the horizontal direction. By repeating this as one cycle, the box 2 sinks sequentially. During the process of subsidence under its own weight, the levelness of the box body 2 is properly checked using a device such as a transit, and if necessary, finely adjusted.

When the box 2 is submerged, it is possible to sink (submerge) about 80 mm per hour by the number of workers of about 3 persons. Therefore, for example, a box having a height of 2700 mm is now built on the ground, and a box (17
In the case of submerging (00 mm), the time required for this is 8 hours per day / day, which is a short period of about 2.6 days.

Thus, when the box body 2 reaches the desired supporting ground G'as shown in FIG. 5 by repeating the weight subsidence and the dug down of the ground, thereafter, the aggregate 8 such as cobblestone or crushed stone on the inner bottom portion. To fill the inside. At the time of this filling, the aggregate 8 is flattened by applying a pressure. This filling work is important because it will be the foundation of the basement (reinforcing the supporting ground), and also for improving the finish of the floor.

After filling the aggregate 8 with the filling material, a waterproof film 9 is laid on the upper surface of the filling aggregate 8 as shown in FIG. 6, and a reinforcing bar (not shown) is arranged on the waterproof film 9 to provide the waterproof material. A reinforced concrete floor layer 10 in which is mixed is formed. The waterproof film 9 is effective for completely blocking permeated water from the bottom surface side of the box 2. For this waterproof film 9, a plastic sheet (for example, a polypropylene sheet having a thickness of 0.1 mm) can be used.

As mentioned above, after the reinforced concrete floor layer 10 at the bottom of the box 2 is completed, solidified and cured, the spray coating means 11 is applied to the inner wall surface of the box 2 including the reinforced concrete floor layer 6. Spray the permeable waterproof paint using.
This paint has a function of penetrating into the skeleton of a concrete structure to reliably prevent water from penetrating (shut out). In addition, it is more preferable to use an inorganic permeable waterproof coating (Solo Seal <NK Kaken Co., Ltd.) as the coating because it has excellent durability.

When the box 2 is reached to the desired support ground G'and the reinforced concrete floor layer 10 at the bottom of the box is completed, the outer periphery of the box 2 is dug into a vertical hole shape. Soil with good tightness (soil with fine particles and easy to form aggregates = for example, viscous soil such as red soil) is put in the dug portion, and the pressure is applied to form the compression layer 12. The compression layer 12 is effective for preventing rainwater from penetrating from the ground surface and for preventing rainwater penetrating into the soil from penetrating from the side surface. The dug width W and the depth F can be arbitrarily determined. Note that the digging width W is 50 to 60c
It is sufficient that m and depth F are about 2/3 of the box from the ground surface.

After the completion of the submersion of the box 2, the outer surface of the upper part of the box 2 exposed from the ground surface is provided with a necessary exterior material, and the base of the house (upper floor) is formed of reinforced concrete on the upper surface. The Rukoto.

[0024]

As described above, the composite waterproofing method relating to the underground structure according to the present invention constructs a box without a ceiling and a bottom by using reinforced concrete mixed with a waterproof material on a predetermined ground, and at the time of the construction. After correcting the frail element remaining in the body and applying the primer layer on the outer wall surface, the box is submerged to the desired supporting ground by repeating the digging of the inner bottom and the subsidence, and the supporting ground. The inner bottom portion of the aggregate is filled with aggregate, and a reinforced concrete floor layer containing a waterproof material is formed on the filled aggregate through a waterproof film, and an permeable waterproof paint is applied to the inner wall surface of the box body including the floor layer. Since it is characterized by coating and penetrating, a box obtained by ground work can be easily submerged without using a machine such as a crane or an installation tool such as a jack. Moreover, it is not necessary to drive in H steel material or railway rails to construct an earth retaining wall,
In addition to being able to construct an underground structure efficiently in a short time, the underground structure can be widely used for basement installation regardless of the size and installation location of the basement structure, and the underground structure has excellent strength and waterproofness of the skeleton. It is possible to obtain various excellent effects such as

Further, in the composite waterproofing method for an underground structure according to the second aspect of the invention, the outer periphery of the box body submerged to the supporting ground is dug down, and soil having good tightness is put in the dug down portion. Since it is characterized in that it is filled with pressure, it has an excellent effect that a barrier layer for permeated water is obtained around the box and a further waterproof effect is obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a mold is assembled and reinforced concrete is placed when a box is constructed on the ground.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a skeleton in which a fragile element that remains when the mold is removed after the solidification curing of the reinforced concrete is corrected and a primer treatment layer is applied to the outer wall surface.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a box body built on the ground at the start of submersion.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a submerged process of the box.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view at the end of submersion of the box.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the floor and outer peripheral portion of the box after finishing.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 formwork 1a inner frame 1b outer frame 1c bolt 2 box 3 Reinforced concrete with waterproof material 4 nozzles 5a, 5b Correction processing unit 6 Primer layer 7 Machines such as power shovel 8 Aggregates such as cobblestone and crushed stone 9 Waterproof film 10 Reinforced concrete floor layer 11 Spray coating means 12 Packing layer G Prescribed ground to construct basement G'The desired support ground K mouth digging section W digging width F digging depth

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A box having no ceiling or bottom is constructed from reinforced concrete mixed with a waterproof material on a predetermined ground surface, a frail element remaining in the frame at the time of the construction is corrected, and a primer layer is applied to the outer wall surface. After performing the above, the box is submerged to a desired supporting ground by repeating the digging of the inner bottom portion and the subsidence by gravity, and the inner bottom portion of the supporting ground is filled with aggregate, and the aggregate is placed on the filled aggregate. A composite waterproofing method for an underground structure, characterized in that a reinforced concrete floor layer containing a waterproof material is formed through a waterproof film, and a permeable waterproof paint is applied to and penetrates the inner wall surface of the box body including the floor layer. 2. The underground structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer periphery of the box body submerged to the support ground is dug down, and soil with good tightness is put into the dug down portion to fill the soil. Composite waterproofing method.