JP3566644B2 - Submersion method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a box (basement structure) without a ceiling and a bottom is constructed of reinforced concrete by work on a predetermined ground, and the box is self-weighted without using an installation tool such as a jack or a machine such as a crane. The present invention relates to a novel latent box method capable of sinking to a desired supporting ground.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In Japan where land is small, land prices are high, and there is a high demand for basements as living areas when constructing houses. This is because the basement is ideal as an entertainment room, an audio room, a practice room for musical instruments such as pianos, and a room where sounds can be freely output to the neighborhood. According to the Building Standards Law of Japan, when a basement was previously occupied, it was always necessary to provide a "floor" at the front of the room. Basements without open spaces are now recognized as habitable. The basement has a restriction of 1/4 of the total number of rooms, but since the basement has characteristics such as "heat insulation" and "sound insulation," it is expected that the demand will be further increased in the future.
[0003]
In general, in the construction of a basement-equipped house, the following three methods have been known for the construction of the basement. That is, (1) defines in advance the volume (height x area) of the box that will be the basement, and forms a space corresponding to the volume of the box defined and a vertical hole around which the working space can be formed. A method of digging down while constructing a retaining wall, and constructing the basement structure in the vertical hole. The method (2) is similar to the method (1) in that the hole is dug down while constructing the retaining wall at another location ( (E.g. factories) to lift and bury a basement structure built and carried in by a machine such as a crane, and (3) to hold an already-built building with a mounting tool such as a jack, This is a method of digging a building while gradually digging it.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the above (1), the construction of the basement structure with the reinforced concrete in the dug down vertical hole is not only difficult due to the narrow working space between the building and the retaining wall, but also the soil. When forming the retaining wall, the driving position of the H-steel material and railway rails, etc., must be set at a place that is considerably long from the boundary of the adjacent land to the near side (own site side), and the site is installed for basement installation It was difficult to use it widely.
[0005]
In the case of the above (2), the construction of the retaining wall has the drawbacks of the above (1), and the basement structure carried from another place is large enough to be lifted by a machine such as a crane. In some cases, it was not possible to secure a place to install machines such as cranes, so construction was not possible.
[0006]
Furthermore, in the case of the above (3), a large number of jacks and other erection tools and a large number of working workers are required at the time of submerging, and there is a problem that construction costs are high to submerge the basement structure by this method. there were.
[0007]
The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned various problems at once, and aims at eliminating the need for driving an H steel material, a railroad rail, or the like to construct an earth retaining wall. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new method of submerging a subterranean structure that can be used frequently for setting up a basement, regardless of the size and location of the basement structure.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, the latent box method according to the present invention, on a predetermined ground, a ceiling, a box without a bottom is built with reinforced concrete , after digging down the ground of the inner bottom of the built box , Ground work is performed by removing several centimeters in width of the ground supporting the lower surface of the side wall of the box and removing it by its own weight, and then removing the remaining half of the ground by the same width and letting it sink by its own weight. the resulting box-body at, and configured to caisson easily without the use of erection tool machines and jacks, etc. such as a crane.
[0009]
Further, caisson construction method according to the present invention is configured to be able to reliably sink while maintaining the horizontality of the box-body while repeating the slope and horizontal.
[0010]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a state where a box is built on the ground, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a submerging process, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at the end of the submerged box, and FIG. FIG.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a box having only a ceiling and a side wall 2 without a bottom, which is constructed of reinforced concrete on a predetermined ground G where a house with a basement is to be constructed. The reinforced concrete used here has a strength of 270 kg / cm 2 or more, including fiber reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete.
[0012]
The construction of the box 1 involves the steps of forming a mold, driving in reinforced concrete, compacting, and curing, but these operations are excellent in that they can be performed on the ground. The case 1 is constructed of reinforced concrete mixed with a waterproof material (for example, Nalfardo C <made by Naruse Chemical Co., Ltd.), and a bolt through hole that is exposed when the form is removed is closed ( The outer surface is subjected to a primer treatment (for example, application of waterproof asphalt) to make a composite waterproof.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, a predetermined ground G in a site where the box 1 is to be constructed is provided with a digging portion K having a depth of about 50 to 60 cm in advance. Since the digging portion K is shallow, it is not necessary to form a retaining wall. Of course, the digging portion K is effective in reducing the amount of settlement when the box 1 is submerged, but there is no case where digging is not performed due to design.
[0014]
After constructing the box 1 with the reinforced concrete on the predetermined ground G, the ground (soil) at the inner bottom of the box 1 is dug down by using a machine 3 such as a power shovel (hand digging is also possible), and the discharged earth and sand is excavated. Out of the box. Due to this digging, the case 1 sinks by its own weight.
[0015]
The sinking of the weight of the box 1 is performed by several centimeters (approximately 5 to 8 cm). After digging down the ground in the box 1, the ground supporting the lower surface of the side wall of the box 1 is removed in a ring of several centimeters in width. As a result, the box 1 sinks by the removed amount. The removal of the ground on the lower surface of the side wall is performed by half a round as a procedure. In other words, when the ground on the lower surface of the side wall of the box 1 in the horizontal state is removed by almost a half turn, the box 1 loses its support and sinks under its own weight so as to tilt. Then, when the remaining half circumference is removed, the slanted box 1 sinks under its own weight so as to return to horizontal. By repeating this as one cycle, the box 1 sinks sequentially. During the process of sinking under its own weight, the level of the box 1 is checked at appropriate times using instruments such as transit, and if necessary, finely adjusted.
[0016]
When the box 1 is submerged, it is possible to sink about 80 mm per hour with about three workers. Therefore, for example, in the case where a box having a height of 2700 mm is now constructed, and this is to be submerged (submerged by 1700 mm) so that the upper side thereof remains 1000 mm above the ground G, the time required for this is as follows. It can be completed in a short time of about 2.6 days as 8 hours / day of actual work.
[0017]
Thus, when the box 1 reaches the desired support ground G 'as shown in FIG. 3 by repeating the sinking of its own weight and the digging of the ground, thereafter, the aggregate 4 such as boulders and crushed stones is packed in the inner bottom. I do. At the time of this filling, a pressure is applied to the aggregate 4 to level it out. This pressurization work is important because it becomes the foundation of the basement (strengthening the supporting ground), and is also important for improving the finish of the floor surface.
[0018]
After the packing of the aggregate 4, a waterproof film 5 was laid on the upper surface of the packed aggregate 4 as shown in FIG. 4, and a reinforcing bar (not shown) was arranged thereon, and the waterproof material was mixed. The reinforced concrete floor layer 6 is formed. The waterproof film 5 is effective for completely shutting off permeated water from the bottom surface of the box 1. It is satisfactory to use a plastic sheet (for example, a polypropylene sheet having a thickness of 0.1 mm) as the waterproof film 5.
[0019]
As described above, after the reinforced concrete floor layer 6 at the bottom of the box 1 is completed, the inner wall surface of the box 1 including the reinforced concrete floor layer 6 is coated with an inorganic permeable waterproof paint (for example, Solo Seal <NKK Kaken Co., Ltd.). Spray application>). This paint has a function of infiltrating into the skeleton of a concrete structure to surely prevent (shut out) moisture from penetrating.
[0020]
When the box 1 has reached the desired supporting ground G 'and the reinforced concrete layer 6 at the bottom of the box has been completed, the outer periphery of the box 1 is dug down into a vertical hole and fastened to the dug portion. Soil having good properties (soil having fine particles and easy to form aggregates = for example, clayey soil such as red clay) is put into the soil, and the pressure is formed to form the pressure-packed layer 7. This pressurized layer 7 is effective for eliminating the penetration of rainwater from the ground surface and for preventing the rainwater that has penetrated into the soil from penetrating from the side. In addition, the dug width W and the depth F can be arbitrarily determined. It is sufficient that the depth D is 50 to 60 cm and the depth F is about 2/3 of the box from the ground surface.
[0021]
After completion of the submersion of the case 1, the necessary outer materials are applied to the upper outer surface of the case 1 exposed from the ground surface, and the base of the house (upper floor) is formed of reinforced concrete on the upper surface. Become.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the latent box method according to the present invention comprises the steps of: constructing a box without a ceiling and a bottom with reinforced concrete on a predetermined ground, digging down the ground at the inner bottom of the built box; It is characterized by removing a few centimeters of the ground that supports the lower surface of the side wall of the side wall and submerging by its own weight, and then removing the remaining half of the ground by the same width and submerging by its own weight. Can be easily hidden without using a machine such as a crane or an installation tool such as a jack. In addition, there is no need to build H retaining materials by driving in H steel or railroad rails, so that underground structures can be constructed efficiently with little labor and in a short time, and the size and location of the basement structures can be selected. Can be widely used for setting up a basement.
[0023]
Further, the latent box construction method according to the present invention has an excellent effect that the box can be reliably settled down while maintaining the level while repeating the inclination and the horizontal .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a state where a box is built on the ground.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a submerged box process of the box.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the box at the end of the latent box.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view after finishing a floor layer and an outer peripheral portion of the box.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Box 2 Side wall 3 Machines such as power shovels 4 Aggregates such as boulders and crushed stones 5 Waterproof film 6 Reinforced concrete layer 7 Packing layer G Predetermined ground on which a basement is to be constructed. W Drilling width F Drilling depth

Claims (1)

On a predetermined ground, a box without a ceiling and a bottom is built with reinforced concrete, and after digging down the ground at the inner bottom of the built box , approximately a fraction of the ground supporting the lower surface of the side wall of the box. A submersion method characterized by removing the centimeter width and submerging under its own weight, and then removing the remaining half of the circumference by the same width and submerging under its own weight .

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