CN100473790C - Tower crane foundation for construction and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Tower crane foundation for construction and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100473790C CN100473790C CNB2007100232668A CN200710023266A CN100473790C CN 100473790 C CN100473790 C CN 100473790C CN B2007100232668 A CNB2007100232668 A CN B2007100232668A CN 200710023266 A CN200710023266 A CN 200710023266A CN 100473790 C CN100473790 C CN 100473790C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower crane foundation for building, comprising foundation platform of tower crane, at least four grouting piles under the foundation platform of tower crane. It is characterized in that foundation bottom can be revealed from the top of said grouting pile and water stopping structure is set between grouting piles and building bottom plate. The invention discloses the manufacturing method for said tower crane at the same time. Aiming at high-rise building with ultra-large area and multi-floor basement, the invention adopts tower crane foundation of high-pile platform. Not only the problem that because high-rise floor retracts in podium tower crane can not be attached with it is solved but also the assignment of tower crane becomes flexible, covering area is bigger and it can be used in advance. Mechanical utilization achieves to the maximum and it has a very good effect for decreasing manual consumption and construction period.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tower crane that is used for the building trade lifting operation, be specifically related to a kind of tower crane and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Tower crane is the visual plant that building trade lifts hauling operation, and the vertical transport of most of constructional materials is all finished by tower crane.For guaranteeing the even running of tower crane, tower crane is installed on the tower crane, and tower crane must satisfy two requirements: the one, and the tower crane upper load is passed to ground equably and must not be surpassed earth bearing strength; The 2nd, make tower crane under various unfavorable operating modes, all can keep monolithic stability and unlikely tumbling.Thereby tower crane is made of the concrete bearing platform of large-size usually.For not influencing building main body construction, in the prior art, tower crane is arranged in the building foundation pit, during construction usually, need earth excavation, precipitation, make tower crane again, yet if stop precipitation to deep foundation ditch, tower crane will be immersed in the water, can influence the stability of tower crane, thereby, need be to the independent precipitation of tower crane, this can cause the increase of construction cost.
Simultaneously, along with the development of Urbanization in China quickening and Building technology, urban construction emerges large quantities of tall and big scale of constructions buildings.Be characterized in that the single building scale is big, be equipped with overlarge area multi-storey basement and podium building, the basement embedded depth of foundation is darker, accounts for sufficient plot planning red line; Main building part is highly high, and the distance of most of main building indentation podium facade is bigger, arranges with adhering to tower crane and brings big difficulty.For addressing this problem, consideration is arranged on tower crane in the podium, usual way is, make a call to earlier four castinplace piles in the heatable adobe sleeping platform in podium, precipitation then, earth excavation, and on four castinplace piles, pour into a mould tower crane, but adopt above-mentioned tower crane structure of the prior art, need shoveling precipitation, operations such as backfill, the earthwork construction amount is big, simultaneously, need offer the through hole that is used to hold tower crane on the building backplane level, after being used to complete dismounting, reconstructs by tower crane backplane level again, in this process, need constantly the precipitation operation to be carried out at this position, even may therefore cause the waterproof performance of building to descend.
Thereby, adopt prior art to make tower crane, cycle in precipitation is long, and tower crane is installed difficulty, and tower crane uses and lags behind.How reducing the requirement of precipitation operation when guaranteeing tower crane intensity, and adapt to the situation of the high main body of modern architecture, big podium, is the difficult problem that this area faces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of can being arranged in the building podium, can be to the anti-dysgenic tower crane of water generates of building base plate, thus making up does not need to carry out the precipitation operation after finishing again, with the needs of the modern architecture that adapts to the big podium of high main building.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of tower crane foundation for construction, comprise the tower crane cushion cap and be fixedly connected at least 4 castinplace piles of tower crane cushion cap below, substrate is exposed at described castinplace pile top, is provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate.
In the technique scheme,, can adopt different water-stopping structures, to reach better effect according to the difference of foundation condition.
When building adopts natural ground, be the influence that prevents that the sedimentation inequality from causing, optimized technical scheme is, described water-stopping structure is, be fixedly connected with leading seal plate with described castinplace pile, be provided with the water-swellable sealing rod between castinplace pile and leading seal plate, be connected through the elastomeric material member between described leading seal plate and building base plate, reserve settlement space between the building base plate that waters behind seal plate and the top in advance.
Wherein, described elastomeric material member comprises, is arranged at rubber fastening band that leading seal plate links to each other with one in the building base plate, is positioned at the upper and lower both sides of rubber fastening band polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cement plastic foamboard and the outside.
When building adopts the engineering piles basis, itself can effectively avoid the influence of sedimentation inequality, thereby, optimized technical scheme is, described water-stopping structure is, be connected in the additional cushion cap of building base plate bottom, be provided with the water-swellable sealing rod between additional cushion cap and castinplace pile, additional cushion cap is built with the building base plate.
The manufacture method of above-mentioned tower crane foundation for construction, comprise, determine that tower crane position and parameter, at least 4 castinplace piles of making, earth excavation are to tower crane cushion cap bottom absolute altitude, make steel concrete tower crane cushion cap and pre-buried tower crane bolt or tower crane standard knot at the castinplace pile top, described castinplace pile top is higher than the substrate absolute altitude, carry out pile foundation exposed parts soil excavation with the building basement earthwork, the excavation back is provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate.
When building adopted natural ground, the described method that water-stopping structure is set was that the described method that water-stopping structure is set is the cleaning of stake side; The base plate cushion construction; Basement bottom board and leading seal plate reinforcing bar binding, side form are installed; Stake side sealing rod is fixed, and around the stake side expansion sealing rod is set all, after stake side group layer is cleaned out, adopts steel nail fixed expansion sealing rod, and the laying of sealing rod should form closed circuit; Leading seal plate rubber fastening band is installed; Concreting; Wherein, reserve settlement space between the building base plate that waters behind leading seal plate and the top.
When building adopted the engineering piles basis, the described method that water-stopping structure is set was the cleaning of stake side; The base plate cushion construction; Basement bottom board and additional cushion cap reinforcing bar binding, side form are installed; Stake side sealing rod is fixed, and around the stake side expansion sealing rod is set all, after stake side group layer is cleaned out, adopts steel nail fixed expansion sealing rod, and the laying of sealing rod should form closed circuit; Concreting.
Because the technique scheme utilization, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. because castinplace pile of the present invention exposes substrate, constitute the highrise pile cap structure, reduced the tower crane buried depth, generally do not need precipitation during foundation construction, no side slope is handled, and is safe and reliable; Buried depth is shallow, and underground pressure water head is higher at the coastal south permeable ground (silt, flour sand layer and silt folder silty clay) especially, adopts the highrise pile cap construction technology can avoid the dewatering measure that must take because of the tower crane construction.
2. because the present invention is provided with leading water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building basement base plate, needn't carry out later stage precipitation, simultaneously not influenced by unfavorable geological condition, under weak soil, fill stratum is thicker and underground pressure water head is higher geological conditions, can carry out the tower crane mounting arrangements yet.
3. adopt structure of the present invention, tower crane can be arranged in the middle of the foundation ditch, and flexible arrangement has solved the tower crane attachment issue well; Improve the tower crane coverage effectively, improved operating efficiency; The tower crane filling pile construction can be constructed simultaneously with the advance works stake, does not take the duration, and tower crane is installed and can be finished before the large tracts of land soil excavation, just can use in advance during the basement bottom board construction.
4. at highrise building with overlarge area multi-storey basement, adopt the highrise pile cap tower crane not only to solve the problem that tower crane can't adhere in the high-rise indentation podium of main building well, and the layout that makes tower crane is tending towards flexible, area coverage is bigger, use in advance, make the operation rate of machinery maximization, have good effect reducing manpower consumption and minimizing structure construction duration.This method has solved the difficult problem that this type of engineering tower crane is settled targetedly, for similar engineering from now on provides practicable way.
5. though method of the present invention has more this part expense of pile foundation than traditional natural ground tower crane, but reduced the tower crane usage quantity, a lot of operating expenses (tearing artificial material machinery expense that expense, reduction of erection time save and special geology situation open as the secondary peace of tower crane does the required precipitation of tower crane and take) have also been saved simultaneously, save the structure construction period, improved the engineering comprehensive benefit.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the highrise pile cap tower crane facade structures schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one;
Accompanying drawing 2 adheres to floor map for the highrise pile cap tower crane of embodiment one;
Accompanying drawing 3 is the stressed schematic diagram of highrise pile cap tower crane;
Accompanying drawing 4 is a tower crane design flow diagram among the embodiment one;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the construction flow chart of embodiment one;
Accompanying drawing 6 is castinplace pile and a tower crane syndeton schematic diagram among the embodiment one;
Accompanying drawing 7 is a water-stopping structure schematic diagram among the embodiment one;
Accompanying drawing 8 is the A-A cross-sectional schematic of Fig. 7;
Accompanying drawing 9 is the local enlarged diagram of Fig. 8;
Accompanying drawing 10 is the water-stopping structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention two;
Accompanying drawing 11 is worn base plate place reinforcement reinforcing bar schematic diagram for embodiment two king-piles.
Wherein: 1, castinplace pile; 2, cushion cap; 3, leading seal plate; 4, water-swellable sealing rod; 5, rubber fastening band; 6, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cement; 7, plastic foamboard; 8, additional cushion cap.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:
Embodiment one: referring to accompanying drawing 1 to shown in the accompanying drawing 9, a kind of tower crane foundation for construction, comprise tower crane cushion cap 2 and be fixedly connected on 4 castinplace piles 1 of tower crane cushion cap below, described castinplace pile exposes substrate under the installation site height is 5～7 meters, is provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate.
The water-stopping structure of present embodiment is, be fixedly connected with leading seal plate 3 with described 4 castinplace piles, be provided with water-swellable sealing rod 4 between castinplace pile and leading seal plate, be connected through the elastomeric material member between described leading seal plate and building base plate, reserve settlement space between the building base plate that waters behind leading seal plate and the top; Described elastomeric material member comprises, is arranged at the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cement 6 in rubber fastening band 5, the plastic foamboard 7 that is positioned at the upper and lower both sides of rubber fastening band and the outside thereof that leading seal plate links to each other with one in the building base plate.
Present embodiment is applicable to the highrise building and the construction of the tower crane under the unfavorable geological condition of large-scale basement.Under stake side soil property good conditions, the tower crane castinplace pile exposes base part should not surpass 7m, otherwise should increase corresponding structure reinforcement measure.
Shown in accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, pass through basement structure by utilizing the highrise pile cap tower crane, realize the flexible reasonable Arrangement of tower crane, solve the tower crane construction and adhere to a difficult problem, the basement structure construction stage just can use in advance, and tower crane construction coverage increases the raising operation rate of machinery greatly.
Shown in accompanying drawing 5, the making on above-mentioned tower crane cushion cap basis comprises the following steps:
(1) tower crane addressing
The tower crane addressing must be considered following some factor:
1. the tower crane position should be chosen near building and can adhere to and can make the maximized place of tower crane utilization rate;
Should consider when 2. the tower crane position is selected that tower crane and body of the tower avoid the fabric structure girder;
Should consider when 3. the tower crane position is selected that the tower crane stake avoids building foundation cushion cap and engineering piles;
Should consider to dismantle easily and safely after tower crane is finished using when 4. the tower crane position is selected.
(2) tower crane scheme determination
Accompanying drawing 3 is the stressed principle of highrise pile cap tower crane, and among the figure, F is the tower crane vertical load, and H is the tower crane horizontal loading, and M1 is the tower crane moment of flexure, and M2 is the tower crane moment of torsion, the tower crane torque axis can be turned to horizontal force and check.
The design cycle that tower crane should be followed sees for details shown in the accompanying drawing 4, and when carrying out basic engineering, the project that should calculate and check comprises:
1. the anti-shearing calculating of cushion cap, checking of bearing capacity and Reinforcement Calculation;
2. vertical bearing capacity checking computations;
3. pile foundation settlement calculates;
4. horizontal bearing capacity (containing torsional interaction) checking computations and displacement are calculated;
5. bearing capacity of pile checking computations and pile body lateral deflection checking computations;
6. the stake Reinforcement Calculation.
Determine the parameters of tower crane and definite constructure scheme according to result of calculation.
(3) filling pile construction
According to the difference of various places geological condition, can adopt different process for sinking.Present embodiment is that example describes with the holing with slurry wall protection castinplace pile.
Construction technology process is as follows:
Pile positioning → bury underground casing → prepare mud → pile-driving machine is in place → and the clear hole of the level of corrections verticality → pore-forming → clear hole → disturbing concrete of reinforcing cage making/arrangement → conduit → secondary → test block stays and establishes
Job practices:
1. locate in the stake hole
The control stake of the axis of pile foundation and elevation should be arranged on the place that is not subjected to drive piles and influences, and should properly be protected.The castinplace pile position according to the control pile foundation on schedule, is thrown in the central point of each pile exactly by the professional, and is made significantly sign according to the size of design drawing, emits gray line according to stake hole and casing diameter then.The input allowable variation of stake position should satisfy " building foundation engineering construction quality standards of acceptance " regulation requirement (GB50202-2002).
2. bury casing underground
The casing position should be buried underground accurately and be stable, uses clay between casing and the hole wall and tamps.Casing plasma discharge (advancing slurry) mouth should communicate with the mud ditch, and the casing center line must not be greater than 50mm with a stake position centerline deviation.
The depth of burying of casing should not be less than 1m in cohesive soil, should not be less than 1.5m in sand and soft banketing.Casing is suitable for reading should 100～200mm above ground level.
The general application tool formula of casing steel casing.The casing internal diameter should be greater than bit diameter.
3. prepare mud
The construction incipient stage is provided with corresponding mud conditioning facility such as mud pulp storage tank, sedimentation basin.During preparation mud, should remove impurity such as Shi Li through abundant stirring and by vibrosieve, cyclone, through post precipitation, it is standby to enter pulp storage tank.By mud pit circulation with the mud that displacement is discharged when building underwater concrete, also handle by purifying regenerations such as vibrosieve, cyclone, sedimentation basins.
4. pile-driving machine is in place and level of corrections is vertical
Rig is in place should to keep balance, when drillng operation, and unlikely run-off the straight, displacement.When using abrasion drill, should measure the drilling rod verticality at both direction with transit or sash weight in advance, the drilling rod vertical missing is controlled in 2 ‰.
Drill bit should be accurate to the hole.The deviation at bit central and casing center should be controlled in the 15mm.When being Churn drill, should be controlled in the 30mm.
After rig is adjusted, should specifically construct by type in the rig bottom immediately, take reliable measure to fix, stressedly when preventing to creep into cause the frame displacement.
5. the clear hole of pore-forming
Boring is generally used at a slow speed at the beginning initial stage, treats more than the pore-forming 5m, checks that the drilling rod verticality really can guarantee into the hole perpendicularity allowable variation, when each side all runs well, can begin to quicken.Enter bearing stratum, should begin progressively to quicken again according to the soil layer concrete condition with at a slow speed.During for the soil layer in mud and mucky soil and the hole of easily collapsing, should reduce to the most at a slow speed, and reduce mud circulation speed and strengthen the mud relative density, avoid because of producing maelstrom scour hole wall in the mud.Whenever creep into 4～5m and hole deviation, necking down, after the hole of collapsing handles, should in time check boring verticality and aperture, general available verify device checks, in time finds and handles problems.
When holing to the designing requirement degree of depth, should begin clear hole.To holing preferably with direct circulation operation of original soil pulping and soil property, can make the rig not drilling depth that dallies, treat that boring mud gets rid of substantially, carry out jetting.Again with the displacement of little relative density mud, to the mud relative density of discharging with advance that slurry equates or when close, be that clear hole is qualified when not having sand grains and feel with hand sth. made by twisting mud.When being anti-cycle operation, should put into clear water or mud from the casing mouth by the soil property situation, adopt and change the clear hole of slurry method.When the mud relative density of discharging reaches with the identical index of direct circulation operation respectively is qualified.
Before the termination of clear hole, should at the bottom of the distance hole, get at the place slurry sample by 200～500mm.Boring reaches design elevation, and before the concreting, 500mm answers＜1.25 with interior mud relative density at the bottom of the hole, sand factor≤8%, viscosity≤28S.Before the concrete perfusion, the sediment thickness index should meet the following requirements at the bottom of the hole: end bearing pile≤50mm, friction pile≤150mm.
In whole pore-forming, the clear hole process, should often detect and carry out construction note by the special messenger.
Creep into and necking down occurs, when collapsing the hole, should drop into ball clay immediately, make the drill bit not drilling depth that dallies at a slow speed, and reduce the mud input speed, carry out Gu Bi, creep at a slow speed then by.When mud is missed suddenly, also should press last method backfill clay immediately, treat that the mud face does not descend, and begins to creep into again.When bore inclining or aperture are irregular, can back and forth carry brill, carry out cleaning bottom of hole from top to bottom.
6. reinforcement fabrication
Reinforcing cage can be made finished product in the base, is transported to on-the-spot stand-by then.Reinforcing cage should be made by design drawing, and makes it have certain rigidity and globality, guarantee the transportation and hoisting process in indeformable, should adopt spiral or welding ring u stirrup u, pointwise and main muscle weld.The reinforcing cage end opening should be bent into the inversed taper platform shape a little, makes its lifting hand-hole comparatively convenient.Production standard is controlled by plan and standard, and its test stone sees the following form.
Table concrete reinforcing cage quality control standards (QCS) table
| Sequence number | Content | Allowable variation (mm) |
| 1 | Main muscle spacing | ±10 |
| 2 | Stirrup spacing or spiral bar pitch | ±20 |
| 3 | The reinforcing cage diameter | ±10 |
| 4 | Length of reinforcing cage | ±100 |
Place reinforcing cage and be as the criterion with cage top mark height, the absolute altitude allowable variation≤± 100mm.After reinforcing cage is sling and vertically set upright, slowly transfer to the end along guiding reinforcing bar (pipe), the reinforcing bar that will lead is then sling.The guiding reinforcing bar generally can be not on earth, and long get final product of 1/2 or 6～8m of hole depth be arranged, and temporary fixed, and reinforcing cage displacement when preventing concreting must fix with casing is suitable for reading reinforcing cage is suitable for reading, and available bar dowel welds.If reinforcing cage is oversize, and be subjected to sling height when restriction, the reinforcing cage segmentation can be hung hand-hole, carry out spreading in the aperture.
7. conduit
Conduit diameter is generally 200～250mm, should not be according to pore size selection wall thickness less than 3mm, and smooth smooth in the tube wall, merogenesis length can be 1m, 2m, 4m, 6m and does not wait.During assembling, the upper end should be by number joint 1～2m short tube, and long tube can be used in the lower end, and the mouth of pipe should weld and establish the hoop of putting more energy into bottom.Joint screwed connection between pipe, also available flange connects.
Conduit should be installed on a center, hole, and conduit bottom distance at the bottom of the hole must be discharged from managing the end to guarantee the water proof bolt smoothly than water proof bolt length to the big 300mm～500mm of size as with the water proof bolt time.Conduit should be sunk at the bottom of the hole, mention again after making a mark, after meeting afore mentioned rules, fix.Conduit is suitable for reading should directly to be connected with concrete storage bin hopper end opening, and is higher than the suitable distance of mud face, generally should not be less than 3m.
8. the clear hole of secondary
Before the concreting, sediment thickness at the bottom of the necessary repetition measurement hole requires to carry out the clear hole of secondary as surpassing.Clear hole related procedure, standard meet the 5. clear hole of above-mentioned steps content.
9. concreting
Do the conduit seal tightness test before building, prevent to leak.During first watering, first watering side amount should satisfy the conduit bottom can imbed once that 0.8m～1.2m is as the criterion in the concrete.
Along with concrete rising, also corresponding lifting of conduit or dismounting, but should guarantee that pipe end bottom imbeds the following 2～3m of concrete surface should not be greater than 6m, and in any case must not be less than 1m.Concrete is answered continuous placing, must not interrupt, and should accelerate speed of perfusion.
Stake top concrete surface is built absolute altitude must exceed 1 times of stake footpath at least than design elevation, and 〉=0.5m, and observe the concrete of emerging do not contain body refuse can so that after cutting a top concrete, can guarantee an end face concrete quality that designs.
10. test block is made
The making of coagulation soil sample is randomly drawed with the condition curing test block in the scene during perfusion, send to press before tower crane is installed and detects.
Finish filling pile construction thus.
(4) pile foundation detects
Pile foundation is carried out total pile integrity detection according to " building foundation engineering construction quality standards of acceptance " requirement (GB50202-2002).
(5) tower crane construction
The construction technology process of tower crane is:
Location unwrapping wire and height measurement → basic earthwork excavation → concrete cushion build → be connected with cushion cap processing → reinforcement foundation, template construction → tower crane bolt pre-buried → base concrete builds → concrete curing
Job practices comprises:
1. locate unwrapping wire and height measurement
Mark a hole cross hairs according to castinplace pile, emit the cushion cap outer edge; According to on-the-spot standard elevation and relevant design file, determine the cushion cap absolute altitude and the soil excavation degree of depth.
2. basic earthwork excavates
According to the cutting depth of determining, dig to design elevation.
3. concrete cushion is built
Soil excavation according to the sideline that emits, installs blinding concrete template, concreting with flitch after finishing.
4. stake is connected processing with tower crane
Behind the substrate excavation,, consider to cut the stake work of treatment and be placed on concrete cushion and build and carry out after finishing for ease of cutting the high control of pile beacon.Castinplace pile is pressed stake top design elevation with the top concrete chisel removal, the direct and tower crane anchoring of the longitudinal reinforcement of stake, and anchorage length must not be less than 40d (d be a bar diameter); The pile foundation end face requires stake embedding cushion cap 100mm.Syndeton is referring to shown in the accompanying drawing 6 in detail.
5. tower crane reinforcing bar, template construction and tower crane bolt are pre-buried
According to the determined basic arrangement of reinforcement of scheme, through reinforcement detailing check errorless after, material list is paid the workshop makes, in time be transported to the scene, and press structure piece number numbering, classify and pile up.
Strong butt welding such as D 〉=22mm reinforcing bar employing or mechanical connection, remaining can adopt lap joint.Bar splice quantity must not surpass 50% of whole reinforcing bars on same cross section, should stagger in the bar splice position, and adjacent joint spacing is not less than 36d.Reinforcing bar jointing quality should meet the regulation of corresponding standards of acceptance, carries out the connection test specimen in advance.
The model of the used reinforcing bar of tower crane, specification, spacing should strict be pressed the design drawing colligation, and be set the reinforcement cover cushion block.
Templates such as tower crane adopt 18 thick wood plywoods (piecing together retaining and stupefied wood employing 50 * 100 flitches behind the plate of glued mould), and support system adopts ф 48 * 3.5 steel tube fastener systems.Foundation forms is set up according to the basic sideline that the Field Force emits.
According to spacing, the selection that the tower crane manual is indicated, carry out the pre-buried of tower crane leg bolt, pre-embedded bolt need can use after qualified through detecting.
6. tower crane concreting
Base concrete is built and is adopted automotive pump to be pumped directly into mould.Concreting in lifts is vibrated with the insertion vibrator, and avoid Lou shaking (the slotting dot spacing of vibrating spear should ≤ @300, and when watering layer concrete, the degree of depth that vibrating spear inserts in the lower-layer concrete should 〉=100), and vibrate and do not have steam bubble to concrete surface and rout up.
7. concrete curing
Concrete maintenance work should have the special messenger to be responsible for enforcement, carries out the heat and moisture preserving maintenance at the wet straw bag of surface of concrete structure lid.Concrete curing time and relevant requirements etc. are pressed regulation and stipulation and are carried out.
(6) in practice of construction, can carry out tower crane simultaneously this moment and install
Tower crane is installed and should be installed in strict accordance with the relevant regulations among relevant tower crane manual and " building machinery uses the mounting technique rules " JGJ33-2001.In the installation process, must carry out technical checking stage by stage.Should carry out its technical check and adjustment after installing, can be delivered for use after the assay was approved.
(7) inter-pile soil side's excavation
Pile foundation exposed parts soil excavation excavates with the basement earthwork, for avoiding the damage of mechanical equivalent of light excavation to pile body, inter-pile soil side and stake outer periphery 1000mm scope are monitored pile foundation in whole soil excavation process in real time with interior employing manual type layering symmetry excavation.
(8) processing of highrise pile cap tower crane and building peripheral structure relation
Pile foundation is worn base plate and is handled:
Present embodiment is applicable to that building adopts the occasion of natural ground, and the technological process that its base plate is handled is:
Stake side cleaning → base plate cushion construction → basement bottom board and leading waterstop base plate reinforcing bar binding, side form installations → stake side sealing rod are fixed, waterstop base plate rubber fastening band installation → concreting in advance → tower crane stop using afterwards dismounting → highrise pile cap tower crane cut to leading waterstop plate top surface → sand-gravel cushion fill → after water the connection of part reinforcing bar, treatment of construction joints → after water part concreting
Under the higher geological condition of pressure water head, for avoiding tower crane to pass through basement structure position construction precipitation, the periphery is provided with leading rubber fastening band base plate around the tower crane stake, to satisfy distortion sedimentation needs between pile foundation and the natural ground raft foundation, avoid former underground cell structure is had a negative impact, particular location and way referring to accompanying drawing 7 to shown in the accompanying drawing 9.
Build with base plate on every side at the seal plate position, and 200mm is reserved on top, treat tower crane remove the back adopt sand-gravel cushion be filled at the bottom of the basement bottom board as after water the strip bed die, all the other position ways are with the ater-casting way.The junction of seal plate and building base plate is connected by rubber fastening band 5, and the upper and lower both sides of rubber fastening band are provided with the polyethylene foams plate 7 of 50mm, and its outside is a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cement 6.
Around the stake side expansion sealing rod is set all, after stake side group layer is cleaned out, adopts steel nail fixed expansion sealing rod.The laying of sealing rod should form closed circuit, must not leave breakpoint in the extension way of laying.The spacing of pre-buried iron nail must strictly be controlled, and its density must satisfy the firm requirement that sealing rod is laid.
Base plate and tower crane pile foundation handing-over position is provided with by the ater-casting, and reinforcing bar is reserved joint bar, and sets up by half stiffener of former reinforcing bar cross section in the ater-casting part, and the gap reinforcing bar treats that tower crane removes the back and adopt mechanical connection.
After water the position and treat to construct after pile foundation cuts, after water the position concrete and adopt identically with the concrete impervious grade of adjacent structure, and the higher leveled expansive concrete of strength grade of concrete builds, curing time is no less than 28 days.
Anti-seep measure:
Wear the microdilatancy waterproof concrete of place, the hole concrete employing of top board, and additional waterproofing layer is set on top board than the high one-level grade of structural concrete.The place, hole disconnects reinforcing bar and connects the employing mechanical connection.Concrete adopts identical with the concrete impervious grade of adjacent structure, and the higher leveled expansive concrete of strength grade of concrete is built; Build and in time carry out maintenance work after finishing, curing time should not be less than 14 days.
Embodiment two: shown in accompanying drawing 10 and accompanying drawing 11, a kind of tower crane foundation for construction, comprise tower crane cushion cap 2 and be fixedly connected on 4 castinplace piles 1 of tower crane cushion cap below, described castinplace pile exposes substrate under the installation site height is no less than 3 meters, is provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate.
The water-stopping structure of present embodiment is, is connected in the additional cushion cap 8 of building base plate bottom, is provided with water-swellable sealing rod 4 between additional cushion cap and castinplace pile, and additional cushion cap is built with the building base plate.
Present embodiment is applicable to that building adopts the occasion on engineering piles basis, and its preparation method and embodiment one are similar, and wherein, not existing together is the processing of base plate, and the technological process that base plate is handled is:
Stake side cleaning → base plate cushion construction → basement bottom board and set up additional cushion cap reinforcing bar binding, side form installations → stake side sealing rod and fix → concreting after (watering behind the stake plate face reservation on every side 50mm) → tower crane is stopped using dismounting → highrise pile cap tower crane cut to plate top surface → reservation 50mm position pea gravel concreten and fill
According to base plate self thickness situation, can adopt under the base plate additional two kinds of structures of cushion cap under the additional cushion cap and base plate, accompanying drawing 10 is structural representations of additional cushion cap, additional cushion cap concrete is built with base plate, the expansion sealing rod all is set around the pile body, the plate face is reserved 50mm during bottom slab concreting, treat that the tower crane pile foundation cuts after, fill with the ad eundem pea gravel concreten.
This place's concrete adopts identical with the concrete impervious grade of adjacent structure, and the higher leveled expansive concrete of strength grade of concrete builds, and curing time is no less than 14 days.
The base plate reinforcing bar is provided with the reinforcement reinforcing bar by the pile body truncation part, and its structure is referring to shown in the accompanying drawing 11.
Be the practicality of checking the inventive method, applicant of the present invention has carried out engineering test under confidential state in the building site of bearing voluntarily, and result of the test is shown in following application examples:
Application examples one:
Pedestrian street main body civil engineering is contained in east and installing engineering is positioned at Shengze Zhen market, Wujiang road, and rainbow is contained the opposite, hotel, is divided into A, B, three districts of C during design.The engineering overall floorage is 102838m
2, wherein B1 is about 23000m
2, be underground supermarket, garage and equipment room, the people's air defense of part double as, frame construction.Be made up of A, B, three blocks of C on the ground, communicate with one another, area is about 80000m
2, the 1-5 layer is the about 60000m of commercial podium
2B, C district respectively establish a building 16 floor flats, and apartment, Building two area amounts to 20000m
2About, be frame structure.Because the engineering scale of construction is big, duration is tight, relate to the construction of big basement and podium, so selected for use with the highrise pile cap is the tower crane of base form, both solved the high layer segment problem that tower crane can't adhere in the middle of podium, and caught up with again before soil excavation finishes and install tower crane, for condition has been created in the construction of basement, save 10 days basement construction durations, comprehensively saved 150,000 yuan of operating expenses.
Application examples two:
Suzhou Industrial Park HaiTian Plaza project occupation of land area 19354m
2, overall floorage 168478.77m
2, ground 125801m
2, underground 42677m
2, A district wherein: market 26882m
2, office premises 34873m
2B district: market 26645m
2, high-rise apartment building 37401m
22 layers of this engineering basements, on the ground by 2 building high buildings: 20 layers of building height 77.75m of office premises (2～6/B～the J axle), 22 layers of building height 77.60m of block of flats (17～25/B～the J axle), 4 layers of podium are formed.This project scale of construction has adopted the bracing of foundation pit measure greatly and around the foundation ditch, and the basement scope is close to the bracing of foundation pit limit, and traditional tower crane does not have the space to be placed, and in the middle of the high layer segment indentation podium, tower crane adheres to length certain limitation.Comprehensive above-mentioned situation, the applicant has selected for use the highrise pile cap basis as used two tower cranes of this engineering, the tower crane foundation pile adopts the cast-in-place concrete pile of ￠ 850mm, top is provided with 5000 * 5000 * 1350 square cushion cap bases, through the practice examining of this engineering, the highrise pile cap tower crane has been obtained good result of use, has farthest brought into play the effect of tower crane, saved 10 days construction periods, compared with traditional base form and comprehensively saved 60,000 yuan of operating expenses.
Application examples three:
Times Square, Suzhou Industrial Park N2N5 engineering is a frame structure, and N2 is underground two layers, nine layers and 19 layers on the ground; N5 is underground two-layer, and two to three layers on the ground, overall floorage is 127323m
2, (wherein the N2 area is 84651m
2, the N5 area is 47071.5m
2), basement position overall floorage 47577.4m
2, (N2 basement area 18381m
2, N5 basement area 29196.4m
2), N2 height overall 80.80m, N5 height overall 15.50m.This project construction plant is narrow and small, the basement sideline is near the bracing of foundation pit sideline, and the basement scale of construction is quite big, duration need be finished basement structure construction in 120 days, In view of the foregoing, the tradition tower crane is placed and not only is subjected to the space, the utilization rate restriction, and N2 can't adhere at high-rise position, so adopt the highrise pile cap tower crane, carry out the construction of tower crane at the soil excavation initial stage, before the abode house excavation finishes, tower crane just can come into operation, do not take the nervous relatively duration, finish construction on schedule and created good condition, saved 5 days construction periods for guaranteeing basement.Only calculate, compare with employing 4 tower cranes, traditional base forms and comprehensively saved 33.6 ten thousand yuan of operating expenses with the N5 engineering.
Claims (2)
1. tower crane foundation for construction, comprise tower crane cushion cap [2] and be fixedly connected at least 4 castinplace piles [1] of tower crane cushion cap below, substrate is exposed at described castinplace pile top, be provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate, it is characterized in that: described water-stopping structure is, be fixedly connected with leading seal plate [3] with described castinplace pile, be provided with water-swellable sealing rod [4] between castinplace pile and leading seal plate, be connected through the elastomeric material member between described leading seal plate and building base plate, reserve settlement space between the building base plate that waters behind leading seal plate and the top; Described elastomeric material member comprises, is arranged at the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cement [6] in rubber fastening band [5], the plastic foamboard [7] that is positioned at the upper and lower both sides of rubber fastening band and the outside thereof that leading seal plate links to each other with one in the building base plate.
2. the manufacture method of the described tower crane foundation for construction of claim 1, comprise, determine tower crane position and parameter, make at least 4 castinplace piles, earth excavation is to tower crane cushion cap bottom absolute altitude, make steel concrete tower crane cushion cap and pre-buried tower crane bolt or tower crane standard knot at the castinplace pile top, described castinplace pile top is higher than the substrate absolute altitude, carry out pile foundation exposed parts soil excavation with the building basement earthwork, the excavation back is provided with water-stopping structure between castinplace pile and building base plate, it is characterized in that: the described method that water-stopping structure is set is the cleaning of stake side; The base plate cushion construction; Basement bottom board and leading seal plate reinforcing bar binding, side form are installed; Stake side sealing rod is fixed, and around the stake side expansion sealing rod is set all, after stake side group layer is cleaned out, adopts steel nail fixed expansion sealing rod, and the laying of sealing rod should form closed circuit; Leading seal plate rubber fastening band is installed; Concreting; Wherein, reserve settlement space between the building base plate that waters behind leading seal plate and the top.
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| CN102704504A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2012-10-03 | 南通华新建工集团有限公司 | Method for constructing tower crane foundation |
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| CN103161176B (en) * | 2012-10-20 | 2016-01-20 | 中国二十二冶集团有限公司 | Tower crane foundation construction method in main building disjunctor garage |
| CN103603339A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-26 | 青州市永固基础工程有限公司 | Method for long spiral drilling machine grouting retaining wall hole forming and system thereof |
| CN103924599B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2016-06-29 | 南京市测绘勘察研究院有限公司 | The processing method that the construction of a kind of internal support of foundation pit steel column is not in place |
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| CN106436930B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-06-14 | 中建二局第三建筑工程有限公司 | Transfinite pouring after settlement structural system and construction method for a kind of ground |
| CN110331735A (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2019-10-15 | 中建八局第四建设有限公司 | A kind of tower crane mounting structure for coastal region soft layer |
| CN112922014B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-04-12 | 中信国安建工集团有限公司 | Continuous multi-span plant foundation structure and construction method |
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