JP2002089181A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield machine enabling a cutter bit to be safely replaced without a hindrance to the drive of a cutter head. SOLUTION: A cutter spoke 3 fitted with the cutter bit is split into an inner periphery side and an outer periphery side. An outer periphery-side spoke part 13 is installed so as to be freely tiltable backwards with respect to an inner periphery-side spoke part 11, and a working section body 18 having a workroom 18a for replacing the cutter bit is installed in a bulkhead 7 disposed backwards with respect to the cutter head 5 for the purpose of forming the pressure chamber 8 of a shield body 1 in such a manner as to be freely oscillated between a replacing position (a truncated chevron-shaped mark) on the side of the pressure chamber 8 and a storage position on the side of the bulkhead 7. The section body 18 is composed of a receiving member 19 whose outer periphery surface is opened so as to enable the spoke part 13 to be guided and a covering member 20 having a cover plate 26 capable of covering the outer periphery surface of the receiving member 19.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield machine and, more particularly, to a shield machine in which a cutter bit attached to a cutter head is exchanged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Usually, a cutter head for excavation is rotatably provided at a front portion of a shield machine, and a plurality of radially-cut cutter spokes having a large number of cutter bits are provided on the cutter head. Is provided.

[0003] By the way, as the excavation work progresses, the cutter bit wears out, so it is necessary to replace the cutter bit. This cutter bit replacement work is, of course, performed in the shield body behind the cutter head, but in particular, the cutter bit near the outer periphery is severely worn, and it is necessary to improve the ground at the outer periphery of the cutter head. there were.

Conventionally, a cutter bit attached to a cut-spoke, in particular, a cutter bit, which is located near the outer periphery, can be safely replaced with a cutter-spoke, that is, a cutter bit located closer to the outer periphery is stored in the rear surface of the cutter face plate. In addition, there is an apparatus provided with an exchange chamber capable of performing an exchange operation by an operator (for example, see Japanese Patent No. 2738927).

[0005]

As described above, in the case where a cutter bit replacement chamber is provided on the rear surface of the cutter face plate, the replacement chamber accommodates the cutter bits and a worker enters to perform the replacement work. Need space to gain,
It will be relatively large.

That is, as many protrusions as the number of the cut spokes are present on the rear surface of the cutter head, adversely affecting the rotation of the cutter head and increasing the driving force. .
Of course, it is sufficient to make the exchange room small, but there is a difficulty in securing a space for the exchange work.

[0007] In some cases, the cutter bit is tilted into the pressure chamber to replace the cutter bit in the pressure chamber (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-238783). , There is a problem that the work involves danger.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator capable of exchanging a cutter bit safely without hindering driving of a cutter head.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shield excavator according to the present invention, wherein a cutter head having a radially provided cutter spoke to which a cutter bit is attached is provided at a front portion of a shield body. A shield excavator that is rotatably arranged at the same time, while dividing the Katas spoke into an inner peripheral side and an outer peripheral side, the outer peripheral side spoke portion is provided to be tiltable rearward with respect to the inner peripheral side spoke portion, A work compartment having a work chamber for replacing a cutter bit is provided on a partition wall which is disposed behind the cutter head and forms a pressure chamber of the shield body, between a replacement position on the pressure chamber side and a storage position on the partition wall side. The work compartment in the above configuration is provided with a receiving member having an outer peripheral surface opened so as to be able to guide the outer spokes, and an outer peripheral surface of the receiving member. It is obtained by construction and a cover member having a lid which can have.

According to the above construction, the outer peripheral spoke portion of the cutter head is provided so as to be tiltable rearward, and the working partition body capable of covering the outer peripheral spoke portion tilted rearward is provided on the partition wall side with the pressure. Since it is provided swingably between the exchange position on the chamber side and the storage position on the partition wall side, it is not necessary to make the space in the pressure chamber narrower than in the case where an exchange chamber is provided on the face plate side, for example. Since the partition body can be made large, it is possible to easily perform a cutter bit replacement operation or a maintenance inspection operation.

Further, a second shield excavator according to the present invention is a shield excavator in which a cutter head provided with a cutter spoke to which a cutter bit is attached is provided radially and is rotatably disposed at a front portion of a shield body. In addition, the cutter spoke is provided so as to be tiltable rearward with respect to the mounting portion thereof, and a work for replacing a cutter bit is provided on the partition wall side arranged behind the cutter head and forming a pressure chamber of the shield body. And a receiving member having an outer surface opened so as to guide at least the outer peripheral portion of the cut-spoke, and covering the outer surface of the receiving member. And a cover member having a lid part to be obtained.

According to the above-described structure, the cutter spoke is provided so as to be tiltable rearward, and the partition wall is provided with a working partition which can cover at least a portion of the cutter spoke which is tilted toward the pressure chamber near the outer periphery. Therefore, compared with the case where the replacement chamber is provided on the face plate side, the space in the pressure chamber does not need to be narrowed, and the work compartment can be enlarged. Easy to do.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, at the front of a shield body 1 of the shield machine, a plurality of cutter spokes 3 each having a large number of cutter bits 2 mounted thereon project radially from a center mounting portion 4. Cutter head 5 provided
Is rotatably provided on a partition 7 disposed in the shield main body 1 via a rotary shaft 6, and a space between the partition 7 and the cutter head 5 is a pressure chamber for sediment intake. 8 The cutter head 5 is attached to the tip of the rotary shaft 6 via the center mounting portion 4, and the rotary shaft 6 is inserted and supported by a cylindrical bearing 9 provided on the partition 7 side. I have.

Each of the above-mentioned cut spokes 3 is provided with an inner peripheral side spoke portion 11 which is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 and is closer to the inner periphery.
A connecting pin 12 is attached to the distal end of the inner spoke 11.
And an outer peripheral side spoke portion 13 near the outer periphery which is connected to be tiltable rearward via a.

On the inner spokes 11 side, the outer spokes 13 are provided with an excavation position (a) parallel to the front surface (radial direction) of the cutter head 5 and a pressure chamber which is tilted rearward, that is, a pressure chamber. The replacement position (b) of the cutter bit 2 parallel to the rotation shaft (rotation axis) 6 of the cutter head 5 in FIG.
) Is provided, for example, in a 90-degree angle range.

The tilting device 14 includes a pair of left and right levers 15 attached to both ends of the connecting pin 12, and a pair of right and left levers provided between the distal end of each of the levers 15 and the inner peripheral spoke portion 11. And a tilting cylinder device (for example, a hydraulic cylinder device is used) 16. Of course, the tilting device 14 is arranged in the inner peripheral spoke portion 11 formed in a box shape. Also, at the excavation position (a) of the outer spoke 13, the fixing pin 17 is inserted across the two spokes 11, 13 to integrate the two spokes 11, 13.

The partition 7 of the shield body 1 has a working compartment 18a having a replacement working chamber 18a in which the outer spoke 13 at the replacement position (b) can be stored.
Is swingably attached to the partition wall 7 via the support shaft 18b. Of course, the replacement work chamber 18a is also used for maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit.

The working partition 18 is provided with a receiving member 19 capable of supporting and storing the outer peripheral side spoke portion 13 from below the rotary shaft 6 (close to the rotation axis) and an upper opening of the receiving member 19. And a covering member 20 that covers the outer periphery side spoke portion 13 supported by the receiving member 19 from outside (closer to the skin plate).

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the receiving member 19 has a pair of left and right fan-shaped outer wall plates 21 arranged at a predetermined distance from each other, and a pair of outer wall plates 21 located forward of the outer wall plates 21. A bottom plate 22 is provided between the linear side end surfaces, and a bottom plate 22 is provided at a predetermined height between the arc-shaped outer peripheral end surfaces on the front side of both outer side wall plates 21 and has an outer peripheral side spoke portion 13 at an upper portion. The front end plate 23 is formed with a cutout 23a into which a hexagonal column-shaped boss (short column) 13a, which is a connecting portion on the base end side, can be inserted (fitted).

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, the covering member 20 includes a pair of left and right fan-shaped inner wall plates 24 disposed inside the outer wall plates 21 of the receiving member 19, and both inner wall plates. A side end plate 25 provided between the rear linear side end surfaces between the plates 24; and an outer peripheral side spoke portion provided between the arcuate outer peripheral end surfaces of the side end plate 25 and provided at the distal end. 1
Hexagonal pillar-shaped boss (short pillar) which is the connection part on the base end side of 3
And a cover plate (cover portion) 26 in which a cutout portion 26a into which 13a can be inserted (fitted) is formed. The side end plate 25 has an access opening 25a through which a worker can enter and exit.
And an opening / closing lid 27 for the access opening 25a is provided.

The receiving member 19 and the covering member 20 are each provided with a first swing cylinder device 28 provided between the partition 7 side, more precisely, the cylindrical bearing body 9 side.
And the second swing cylinder device 29, between the exchange position (c) in the pressure chamber 8 and the storage position (d) on the rear side of the partition wall 7, that is, in the vertical plane, for example, 90
Rocked within a range of degrees. The rocking cylinder devices 28 and 29 are arranged in pairs at left and right positions.

More specifically, the bottom plate 2 of the receiving member 19
In the storage position (d) where the second member 2 is in the vertical posture along the partition wall 7, by projecting the rod portion 28 a of the first swing cylinder device 28, the receiving member 19 can swing forward by 90 degrees. By further projecting the rod portion 29a of the second swing cylinder device 29, the cover member 20 can swing forward by 90 degrees from the storage position (d) where the side end plate 25 is in the horizontal posture. . That is, since the receiving member 19 and the covering member 20 are swung into the pressure chamber 8 and the upper part of the receiving member 19 is covered by the cover plate 26 of the covering member 20, the cutter bit is replaced (maintenance) therein. (Including an inspection), that is, a replacement working chamber 18a.

A description will be given of a case where the cutter bit is replaced in the above configuration, that is, the cutter bit near the outer periphery is replaced. First, as shown in FIG. 4, the cutter head 5 is rotated so that the cutter spoke 3 whose cutter bit is to be replaced is moved to a position corresponding to the work compartment 18.

Next, the receiving member 19 is swung about 90 degrees into the pressure chamber 8 from the storage position (d) to the exchange position (c) by the first swing cylinder device 28, and then the tilt cylinder device is rotated. 16 allows the outer spoke portion 13 to be connected to the pressure chamber 8.
It is tilted about 90 degrees to the side, and is positioned at the exchange position (b) in the receiving member 19.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the boss 13a of the outer spoke 13 is fitted in the cutout 23a of the front end plate 23. Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the second swing cylinder device 29
The cover member 20 is swung about 90 degrees into the pressure chamber 8 so that the cover member 26 covers the outer peripheral opening (upper) of the receiving member 19, and the replacement work chamber 1 formed by the two members 19 and 20.
The outer peripheral side spoke portion 13 is located within 8a.

Of course, the replacement work chamber 18a is a safe work space isolated from the surroundings. At this time,
As shown in FIG. 8, the boss portion 13 of the outer spoke portion 13 is provided.
a is also fitted into the notch 26a on the side of the cover plate 26, so that the inside of the replacement working chamber 18a is
The pressure chamber 8 side is a safe place partitioned.

In this state, the opening / closing lid 27 provided on the side end plate 25 of the cover member 20 is removed, and the worker enters the replacement work chamber 18 through the access opening 25a formed in the side end plate 25.
In step a, the cutter bit 2 is replaced (or maintenance and inspection).

When the replacement work of the cutter bit 2 is completed,
After the worker exits the replacement work chamber 18a, the access opening 25a is closed by the opening / closing lid 27, and the cover member 20 is swung by the second swing cylinder device 29 to the storage position (d) on the partition wall side. Move.

Next, the outer peripheral side spoke portion 13 is tilted forward by the tilting cylinder device 16, and the excavation position (a)
After that, the receiving member 19 is swung toward the partition 7 by the first swing cylinder device 28 to move the working partition 18 to the storage position (d).

After the outer spoke 13 is tilted to the excavation position (a), it may be connected to the inner spoke 11 via the fixing pin 17. in this way,
An outer spoke portion of the cutter head is provided to be tiltable to the rear pressure chamber side, and a working partition body capable of covering the entire outer spoke portion tilted to the pressure chamber side is provided on the partition wall side by pressure. The cutter head is swingably provided between the exchange position on the chamber side and the storage position on the partition side, so that the cutter head can be driven without any trouble compared to, for example, a case where an exchange chamber is provided on the face plate side, and the pressure is increased. It is not necessary to reduce the indoor space, and the work compartment can be enlarged, so that the cutter bit replacement work or the maintenance check work can be easily performed.

Next, a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the shield machine according to the first embodiment, when replacing the cutter bit in the outer peripheral portion of the cut-spoke in the work compartment that is swingably arranged behind the cut-spoke, the cut-spoke is inserted inside the cut-spoke. In contrast to the dividing into the peripheral side and the outer peripheral side, and the outer peripheral side spoke portion is tilted into the working compartment, in the second embodiment, the entire Katas spoke is arranged on the pressure chamber side. In the working compartment.

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12, a cutter bit 52 is provided at the front of the shield body 51 of the shield machine.
A cutter head 55 having a plurality of cut-spokes 53 each having a large number mounted thereon is radially protruded from a center mounting portion 54, and is rotated by a partition wall 57 disposed in the shield main body 51 via a rotary shaft body 56. The space between the partition wall 57 and the cutter head 55 is formed as a pressure chamber 58 for taking in earth and sand. The cutter head 55 is attached to the tip of a rotary shaft 56 via a center mounting portion 54. The rotary shaft 56 is inserted and supported by a cylindrical bearing 59 provided on the partition wall 57 side. I have. In addition, the rotating shaft 56 and the center mounting portion 54 may be provided integrally.

Of the plurality of cut spokes 53, for example, predetermined cut spokes 53 (53 A) provided every other one are connected to a center mounting portion 54 provided at the front end of the rotating shaft 56 by a connecting pin. 61, each of which is provided so as to be tiltable rearward in a plane including the rotation axis of the cutter head 55, and which cuts the spokes 53 in parallel with the front surface (radial direction) of the cutter head 55.
And the cutter bit 52 tilted toward the rear pressure chamber 58 side.
15 (see FIG. 15), for example, 45
A tilting cylinder device (an example of a tilting device, specifically, a hydraulic cylinder device is used) 62 for tilting in a degree angle range is provided.

The tilting cylinder device 62 is provided between the middle portion of the cut-spoke 53 and the center mounting portion 54, and the rod portion 62a is provided with the cut-spoke 53.
In the recess formed in the rear surface of the side.

The partition 57 of the shield body 51
On the side, there is provided a working partition 63 having a replacement working chamber 63a capable of storing a portion near the outer periphery of the cut spokes 53 at the replacement position (f). Also in this case, the replacement work chamber 63a is used for maintenance and inspection of the cutter bit.

The working compartment 63 has a space for guiding the Katas pork 53 and a receiving member 64 for supporting and storing the Katas pork 53 from below.
A cover member 65 covers the entire upper opening of the receiving member 64 and covers the cut-spoke 53 supported by the receiving member 64 from the outside (skin plate side).

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, the receiving member 64 extends between a pair of left and right outer wall plates 71 arranged at a predetermined interval and between lower end surfaces of the both outer wall plates 71. A rectangular hole (front opening) which is provided between the bottom plate 72 provided and the front side end surfaces of both outer wall plates 71 and which can guide the cut-spoke 53 in the center.
The front end plate 73 in which a cutout 73b into which the intermediate rod portion 53a of the cut-spoke 53 can be inserted is formed at the lower end of the hole 73a and the front end plate 73, and also on the entire surface between the rear side end surfaces of both outer wall plates 71. A rear end plate 74 is provided. The rear end plate 74 has an access opening 74a through which a worker can enter and exit, and a cover 75 for opening and closing the access opening 74a.

The covering member 65 is provided with a receiving member 64.
And a pair of left and right fan-shaped inner wall plates 76 disposed inside the outer wall plates 71, and an arc-shaped outer peripheral end surface of the inner wall plates 76, and a cut-spoke 53 Notch 77 into which rod portion 53a can be inserted
and an arc-shaped lid plate (lid portion) 77 on which a is formed.

The covering member 65 is provided with the receiving member 6.
The receiving member 6 is provided by a total of four swing cylinder devices 78 provided one by one on the left and right sides between the four sides.
4, a closed position (g) for closing the front opening of the work compartment 63, that is, the front opening of the work compartment 63 (see FIG. 10), and an open position (h) for the rear side (see FIG. 15). It is provided so as to be swingable between them, that is, in the range of, for example, 120 degrees in the vertical plane. The swing cylinder device 7
The reason for disposing the upper and lower parts 8 at the left and right positions is that when the cover member 65 is reciprocatedly oscillated, a consideration is given so that a moment required for the oscillation can be obtained in any posture. .

The operation of replacing the cutter bit in the above configuration will be described. First, the cutter head 55 is rotated so that the cutter bit
(53A) is moved to a position corresponding to the work partition 63.

Next, the receiving member 64 is swung backward by the swinging cylinder device 78 to open the front opening of the work compartment 63, and then the cut-spoke 53 is moved by the tilting cylinder device 62. It is tilted rearward by about 45 degrees and positioned in the receiving member 64.

At this time, the rod portion 53a of the cut-spoke 53 is fitted into the notch 73b of the front end plate 73. Next, the swing cylinder device 78 is operated again to swing the cover member 65 forward by about 120 degrees to cover the upper hole 73a of the cut-spoke 53,
The cut spokes 53 are accommodated in the replacement work chamber 63a of the work compartment 63. Of course, as described above, the replacement space 63a is a safe work place isolated from the surroundings.

In this state, the opening / closing lid 75 provided on the rear end plate 74 of the receiving member 64 is removed, and the worker enters the replacement space chamber 6 through the access opening 74a formed in the rear end plate 74.
3a, the cutter bit 52 is replaced (or maintenance and inspection) is performed.

When the replacement work of the cutter bit 52 is completed, the worker exits the replacement space chamber 63a, closes the access opening 74a with the opening / closing lid 75, and then uses the swing cylinder device 78. The cover member 65 is swung rearward.

Next, the tilting cylinder device 62 tilts the cut spokes 53 forward to return to the excavation position (e), and then the rocking cylinder device 78 swings the covering member 65 forward again. Then, the hole 73a on the front surface of the receiving member 64, that is, the front opening of the work compartment 63 may be closed.

As described above, the cut spokes can be provided to be tiltable rearward, and the partition wall disposed behind the pressure chamber can cover at least a portion of the cut spoke that is tilted toward the pressure chamber near the outer periphery. Since the work compartment is provided, the cutter head can be driven without any trouble compared to, for example, the case where the exchange chamber is provided on the face plate side, and it is not necessary to reduce the space in the pressure chamber,
Since the working compartment can be enlarged, the replacement work of the cutter bit or the maintenance and inspection work can be easily performed.

In each of the above embodiments,
The work compartment was provided in the upper center of the shield body,
For example, the cutter bits can be provided at a plurality of locations. In this case, the replacement work or the maintenance inspection work of the cutter bits in the plurality of cutter spokes can be respectively performed at the same time.

[0049]

As described above, according to the construction of the shield machine according to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer spokes of the cutter head are provided so as to be tiltable rearward, and the spokes are tilted rearward toward the partition wall. Since the work compartment that can cover the outer spokes is provided swingably between the exchange position on the pressure chamber side and the storage position on the partition wall, as in the related art,
Compared to the case where the exchange chamber is provided on the face plate side, the cutter head can be driven without any trouble, and the space in the pressure chamber does not need to be narrowed, and the working compartment can be enlarged. Bit replacement can be easily performed.

Further, according to the construction of the shield machine according to the second aspect of the present invention, the cutter spoke is provided so as to be tiltable rearward, and at least a portion near the outer periphery of the cutter spoke which is tilted toward the pressure chamber is provided on the partition wall side. Is provided, the cutter head can be driven without hindrance compared to the conventional case where an exchange chamber is provided on the face plate side, and the space in the pressure chamber is narrowed. This eliminates the need to perform the operation, and allows the work compartment to be enlarged, so that the cutter bit can be easily replaced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a shield machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view as viewed in the direction of arrows AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part for explaining a cutter bit replacing operation in the shield machine.

FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of the arrows CC in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a view as seen from the direction of the arrow DD in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for explaining a cutter bit replacement operation in the shield machine.

FIG. 8 is a view as seen in the direction of arrows EE in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a view on arrow FF of FIG. 7;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a main part of a shield machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a view taken in the direction of arrows GG in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a view taken along the line HH in FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is a view taken along the line II of FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is a view taken along the arrow JJ in FIG. 10;

FIG. 15 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for explaining a cutter bit replacement operation in the shield machine.

FIG. 16 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view for explaining a cutter bit replacing operation in the shield machine.

17 is a sectional view taken along the line KK of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield main body 2 Cutter bit 3 Cutter spokes 5 Cutter head 7 Partition wall 8 Pressure chamber 11 Inner peripheral side spoke part 13 Outer peripheral side spoke part 14 Tilt device 16 Tilt cylinder device 18 Work compartment 18a Replacement work chamber 19 Receiving member 20 Covering member 28 First swing cylinder device 29 Second swing cylinder device 51 Shield body 52 Cutter bit 53 Cutter spoke 55 Cutter head 57 Partition wall 58 Pressure chamber 62 Tilt cylinder device 63 Work compartment 63a Replacement work chamber 64 Receiving Member 65 Covering member 73 Front end plate 73a Hole 78 Rocking cylinder device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavator in which a cutter head on which a cutter bit with a cutter bit attached is radially provided is rotatably disposed at a front portion of a shield body, wherein the cutter spoke is provided on an inner peripheral side and an outer peripheral side. And the outer spokes are provided so as to be tiltable rearward with respect to the inner spokes, and the cutter bit is disposed at the rear wall of the cutter head and forms a pressure chamber of the shield body. A shield excavator, wherein a work compartment having a replacement work chamber is swingably provided between a replacement position on a pressure chamber side and a storage position on a partition wall side. 2. A work compartment comprising a receiving member having an outer peripheral surface opened so as to be able to guide an outer peripheral spoke portion, and a covering member having a lid portion capable of covering the outer peripheral surface of the receiving member. The shield machine according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A shield excavator in which a cutter head on which a cutter bit to which a cutter bit is attached is radially provided is rotatably arranged at a front portion of a shield body, and wherein the cutter spoke is attached to an attachment portion thereof. A work compartment having a work chamber for replacing a cutter bit is provided on the partition wall side arranged behind the cutter head and forming a pressure chamber of the shield body. Shield machine. 4. A work compartment comprising: a receiving member having an outer surface opened so as to guide at least the outer peripheral portion of the cut-spoke; and a covering member having a lid capable of covering the outer surface of the receiving member. 4. A structure according to claim 3, wherein
The shield machine described in 1.