JP2002045890A - Device and method for treating muddy object - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device and a method for treating muddy objects capable of performing reception corresponding to quick unloading from a carry-in vehicle, performing the treatment with less water addition, improving the quality of recycled recovery objects, reducing operation personnel and performing a stable operation. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a crusher 1 for cutting the supplied muddy object in a lump shape and crushing it into divided muddy objects and an agitating and carrying machine 10 installed below the crusher 1 for supplying water to the muddy objects supplied from the crusher 1, agitating the muddy objects and the water by a screw 12 and carrying them by the screw 12 while forming the muddy objects in a slurry state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for treating muddy matter, and more particularly to muddy water and muddy water generated in construction work, dredged muddy water such as rivers and lakes and harbors, sewage treatment plants or various wastewater treatment facilities. From sludge generated from
The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and method for collecting solids such as gravel, sand, and soil that can be used as resources.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mud such as sludge and mud generated at construction sites and various treatment sites as described above has been disposed of in landfills in old times. However, in recent years, the capacity of landfills has tended to be insufficient due to the importance of the environment and the difficulty in constructing new disposal sites. For this reason, collection of gravel, sand, and the like that can be used as resources from sludge and mud is being promoted. Such industrial waste mud is
It is transported from the generation site to the treatment plant by a box-type dump truck.
The position of a person who carries out the transportation is to improve the transportation efficiency by increasing the number of round trips between the generation site and the processing site, and it is required to unload in a very short time. However, since the mud carried in is a mixture of soil and clay lumps, large stones, gravel, and sand and contains a large amount of water, a system and equipment for receiving these objects very quickly are desired.

The properties of the object to be treated are summarized as follows. Since the angle of repose is small, the water content is often high, and the material easily collapses, it is difficult to pile up. In addition, it is not possible to run on the unloaded loads and stack them. Since soil and clay have a certain level of fluidization resistance and are not in a smooth state, it is also difficult to accept them in large-capacity storage tanks and cut them out quantitatively. In addition, since a large mass of clay has tackiness and adhesion, it tends to cause clogging in a machine input portion, inside, and the like.

Large blocks of stone or concrete (diameter 20c)
m or more). In addition, they are loaded and loaded on a large dump truck in the loading state. At the time of loading, a large number of trucks may arrive intensively in a certain time zone, and an ability to instantly accept a heavy load of about 10 tons (t) for dumping operation of a cargo bed is required. For this reason, in the conventional method, the object to be processed is once received in the pit, and the object is processed using a bucket crane or the like.
It was being put into the equipment from the pit.

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a processing flow in a conventional mud treatment plant. As shown in FIG.
Receiving pits 101 are installed in the mud treatment plant,
Sludge or mud generated at a construction site or various treatment sites is received by a box-type dump truck 102 into a receiving pit 101.
Has been brought in. The sludge or mud carried into the receiving pit 101 is carried out by the bucket crane 103 and put into the trommel sieve 104. At this time, water is added to the sludge or mud.

In the trommel sieve 104, sludge or mud is mixed with coarse stones and large blocks e having a size of 25 mm or more,
It is separated into muddy water containing solid matter of less than 25 mm. Then, the muddy water is supplied to the vibrating sieve 105, where the medium sand f is separated and then sent to the sand classifier 106, where the sand g is classified. The overflow water discharged from the sand classifier 106 is collected by the tank 107, and then sent to the filter press 108, where the sand and sludge are dewatered to collect the dewatered cake h.
The treated water discharged from 8 is reused.

[0007]

In the treatment of mud in a mud treatment plant as shown in FIG. 23, the slurry is converted into a fluid state with low tackiness and adhesion by sufficient water addition, that is, a slurry is formed. In addition, the operation of the device becomes easier. However, if a large amount of water is used, the handling of the slurry becomes easy, but ultimately the amount of drainage increases, and the cost of water treatment becomes enormous. Therefore, while controlling the amount of water added, by controlling the adhesion and tackiness, the balance between ease of handling of the slurry and the amount of generated wastewater is collected to collect useful materials such as gravel and sand, and to reduce waste. This is a major goal of such equipment.

[0008] In the following, a description will be given for each device using the drawbacks of the conventional mud treatment method as shown in FIG. (1) Pit method It is possible to dump mud from a truck, and there is an advantage that it has a large capacity to accommodate objects to be processed and can cope with concentrated unloading, but the following disadvantages are listed. is there. A bucket crane and operating personnel are required for unloading. Lumps such as clay easily adhere to the pit. Concrete and rock lumps are not separated and are put into a processing machine such as a trommel sieve. If the pits become excessively moist, they easily leak from the bucket and are difficult to carry out. The clay mass does not easily fluidize, even with surrounding water.

(2) Trommel type sieve Separate foundation stones and large blocks with a trommel type sieve. Water is added to increase the fluidity of the mud, or water is sprayed on the outer periphery to prevent adhesion. However, there are the following drawbacks. Excessive hydration affects the running cost of the equipment, and is therefore minimized. In that case, clay and the like easily adhere to the inside. Clay is not sufficiently fluidized and is discharged on a sieve mesh and mixed with stones and other collected materials. Coarse lumps such as large stones and concrete enter the trommel sieve, causing damage and machine wear. Clogging of the trommel sieve is likely to occur and requires maintenance to eliminate it.

(3) Method of pit, bucket crane and trommel sieve Since the processing form is a batch type, even if a fixed amount is processed within a predetermined time, if the processing is performed in a short time, the sieve is discharged to the sieve. Load fluctuation is large. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a change in load on the sieve. The horizontal axis represents time (t), and the vertical axis represents the supply amount (M) of the processed material. As is clear from FIG. 24, the load on the sieve is large because the supply amount of the processed material is largely changed. With such a change in input load, gravel and clay lumps to which mud has firmly adhered are discharged onto a sieve net before being sufficiently slurried, and soil is collected on the collected gravel and gravel. Will be mixed. If the purpose is to collect gravel or gravel as aggregate resources, the mixing of soil will significantly reduce the quality and hinder reuse.

(4) A method of adding a large amount of water in order to sufficiently slurry the treated soil The contamination of the soil into the aggregate such as gravel and gravel collected on the sieve net can be reduced. Disadvantages. In addition to an increase in the amount of wastewater treatment, the concentration of mud fine particles in the wastewater becomes extremely low, so a thickener (thickener) is required. In order to promote the sedimentation in the concentrator, it is necessary to use a flocculant, and the cost of the agent is high. If a coagulant is used in the final reuse of mud, the agent may be harmful to plants, limiting its use in agricultural soils and the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the process of recovering useful materials from mud, waste earth and sand, sludge, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method for treating a sludge that can perform a treatment with little water addition, can improve the quality of a recycled product, can reduce the number of operating personnel, and can operate stably. It is the purpose.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a muddy material treating apparatus, comprising: a crusher for cutting a supplied massive muddy material and breaking it into divided muddy materials; A stirring and conveying machine that supplies water to the mud supplied from the crusher installed below, and stirs the mud and water with a screw to form a slurry-state mud and conveys by a screw; It is characterized by having. Further, the method for treating muddy material of the present invention includes a crushing step of cutting the supplied massive muddy material and breaking it into divided muddy materials, and a muddy material supplied from the crushing process. A step of supplying water to the material, stirring the muddy material and the water with a screw to form a slurry-like muddy material, and conveying the mixture with a screw while stirring.

In one embodiment of the crusher according to the present invention, a lower lattice having a plurality of lattice plates, an upper lattice having a plurality of lattice plates, and the lower lattice and the upper lattice are connected. A driving device for separating the lower grid body and the upper grid body, and supplying a lump of sludge between the two while the lower grid body and the upper grid body are separated from each other, causing the lower grid body and the upper grid body to approach each other. The method is characterized in that a mass of sludge is cut into pieces and broken up into divided muds. Another aspect of the crusher according to the present invention is a cradle supporting a mud, a movable blade for cutting a part of the mud supported by the cradle, and a mud on the cradle. And a lateral feed mechanism for feeding in a lateral direction.

The agitating and conveying machine of the present invention comprises a casing for containing mud and water, and a screw having screw blades disposed in the casing and driven to rotate. The casing is inclined upward from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the article, and at a predetermined position on the downstream side of the casing, water supplied into the casing is discharged to raise the liquid level in the casing to a predetermined level. The mud is supplied to the front end of the casing, and water is supplied to the supplied mud, and the mud and water are stirred by a screw to form a slurry. The slurry is conveyed by a screw while forming the slurry, and the slurry-like slurry is discharged from the rear end of the casing.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an apparatus and method for treating a sludge according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire configuration of the apparatus and method for treating a sludge according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a muddy material treating apparatus according to the present invention includes a lattice crusher 1 for crushing supplied mud, and a spiral stirring and conveying machine for conveying the crushed mud while mixing and stirring it with water. 10 is provided. That is, the sludge or mud generated at the construction site or various treatment sites is directly unloaded to the lattice crusher 1 by the box type dump truck 102. In the lattice crusher 1, sludge or mud is crushed by the cutting action of the upper and lower lattice bodies 3, 4. Then, the crushed sludge or mud is supplied to the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10.

In the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10, water is added to sludge or mud, and the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10
Mixing and agitation of sludge or mud and water are performed by the screw 12 inside. The sludge or mud which has been mixed and stirred with water to form a slurry is conveyed by the screw 12 and supplied to the drum washer 30, where the mud is fined by the mixing and stirring action of the rotation of the drum. The mud discharged from the drum washer 30 is supplied to a trommel sieve 40. Trommel sieve 40
In, the mud is separated into gravel or medium sand a and mud containing solid matter. And the muddy water is a sand classifier 106
Where the medium sand or sand b is classified. Then, the overflow water discharged from the sand classifier 106 is
After being collected by the tank 107, the filter press 1
08, the dewatered cake c is recovered by dewatering the sand and sludge, and the treated water discharged from the filter press 108 is reused.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the detailed structure of the lattice crusher and the spiral stirring carrier of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view, FIG. 2 (b) is a front view, and FIG. It is a side view.
As shown in FIG. 2, the grid crusher 1 includes a lower grid 3 and an upper grid 4 supported by a frame 2. The upper lattice 4 is connected to a hydraulic actuator 5 fixed to the frame 2. By driving the hydraulic actuator 5, the upper lattice 4 swings up and down around the support point S. Upper grid 4 and lower grid 3
Are a plurality of lattice plates 4a, 3a arranged in parallel in one direction.
When the upper lattice body 4 swings downward toward the lower lattice body 3, the lattice plate 4a and the lattice plate 3a are engaged with each other. That is, each lattice plate 4a
Is inserted between two adjacent lattice plates 3a.

On the other hand, the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10 is disposed immediately below the lattice crusher 1. The spiral stirring transporter 10 has a screw 12 in a casing 11. The casing 11 of the spiral stirring carrier 10 has a bottom surface inclined downward, and water is supplied into the casing 11. The lattice crusher 1 and the casing 11 are arranged such that the dump truck 102 retreats and enters in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10, and dumps into the lattice crusher 1.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the grid plates 4a and 3a of the grid crusher 1 are arranged at right angles to the axis of the spiral stirring and conveying machine 10. In plan view, FIG.
The arrangement is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 2A, the direction of the long axis of the mud cut into strips is the direction parallel to the blades of the screw 12. However, by disposing the longitudinal directions of the lattice plates 4a and 3a in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw 12, the long axis of the cut piece is perpendicular to the blade, so that the crushing effect can be increased.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the principle of cutting mud in a lattice crusher. FIG.
FIG. 3 (b) shows a case where the mud m
Shows the case of disconnecting with. To make the clay finer,
Cutting with a knife or cutter, cutting with scissors, etc. is the simplest and the power works efficiently. For example, when cutting a yokan having the same properties as clay, use a knife or a kitchen knife. In the case of a piece of clay or soil, if the end face of the flat plate is applied with a force that moves deep into the piece, the piece will be cut. The same applies when a set of plates is used, which cuts the clay while the set of plates approach or cross. In such operations on clay and soil, even a set of plates with gaps has the same cutting action. The lattice crusher 1 of the present invention applies the principle of cutting mud with a knife or scissors.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a lower lattice and an upper lattice in the lattice crusher. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper lattice body 4 and the lower lattice body 3 each include a plurality of parallel lattice plates 4a, 3a. Lattice plates 4a, 3a
Is made of a material having high strength even though it is thin and having high corrosion resistance, for example, stainless steel.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state in which the lower lattice body and the upper lattice body are engaged with each other. As shown in FIG. 5, the lattice plate 3a of the lower lattice body 3 and the lattice plate 4a of the upper lattice body 4 are mutually shifted and arranged at an intermediate position. Then, the lattice plate 3a and the lattice plate 4a are located between the lattice plates adjacent to each other (that is, the lattice plate 4a is
).

FIG. 6 is a schematic view for explaining the operation of the grid crusher. FIG. 6 (a) is a front view showing one embodiment of the grid crusher, and FIG. 6 (b) is another example of the grid crusher. It is a side view which shows an aspect. In the example shown in FIG. 6A, the lower lattice 3 is fixed to the frame 2, and the mud m is damped while the upper lattice 4 is sufficiently lifted up by the hydraulic actuator 5. After that, the upper lattice body 4 is pushed down by the hydraulic actuator 5. In this case, one end of the upper lattice 4 is a pin joint (support point).
The upper lattice body 4 is fixed to the frame 2 by S, and has a structure that swings up and down. In the example shown in FIG. 6B, the hydraulic actuator 5 is connected to the upper frame 2a.
, And the upper lattice 4 is horizontally supported by a hydraulic actuator 5. The upper lattice body 4 is structured to be moved up and down while keeping the horizontal state by the hydraulic actuator 5. The grid crusher 1
Any of the structures shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B may be employed.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the grid plates in the upper grid body and the lower grid body. As shown in FIG. 7, openings k are provided in the lattice plate 3a or 4a at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction. Note that a depression may be provided instead of the opening k. With this opening k, the area where the clay adheres to the lattice plate 3a or 4a is reduced, and a space is formed between the cut surface of the clay and the plate surface of the lattice plate 3a or 4a.
It is easy to break the vacuum suction between both sides.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the upper and lower lattice members. As shown in FIG. 8, the grid plate 4a of the upper grid body 4 and the grid plate 3a of the lower grid body 3 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to each other. In this case, when cutting the mud m, the grid plate 4a and the grid plate 3a are in a state where the upper and lower ends are in contact with each other, and do not bite each other. However,
There is no problem in cutting mud. According to the present embodiment, since the grid plate 4a and the grid plate 3a are orthogonal to each other, the mud is cut not in a strip shape but in a diced shape, that is, the cut size can be reduced. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the upper and lower lattice plates 4a and 3a are orthogonal (90 °), but the same effect can be obtained by intersecting at other angles.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example in which an auxiliary grid is provided below in addition to a pair of upper and lower grids. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, since the lattice plates 3a, 4a of the lower lattice member 3 and the upper lattice member 4 are parallel to each other, the mud m is cut into strips by the upper and lower lattice members 3, 4. Since the auxiliary grid body 6 having a plurality of grid plates 6a arranged in parallel in a direction perpendicular to the grid plates 3a, 4a is installed below the upper and lower grid bodies 3, 4, the mud cut into strips is The auxiliary lattice body 6 further cuts into a dice.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a lattice crusher provided with a mechanism for imparting vibration to a pair of upper and lower lattice members. As shown in FIG. 10, the grid crusher 1 includes a hydraulic actuator 7 for applying vibration to the lower grid body 3. The hydraulic actuator 5 that raises and lowers the upper lattice 4 also has a function of vibrating the upper lattice 4 in small increments. Therefore, both the lower lattice body 3 and the upper lattice body 4 can be vibrated little by little when cutting the mud m. By vibrating the upper lattice body 4 or the lower lattice body 3 at the time of the cutting operation of the mud, the penetration action between the mass and the lattice plate is promoted, and the cutting effect is enhanced. Further, after the cutting operation of the mud is completed, the upper or lower lattice body is vibrated independently, so that the earth mass adhered between the lattice plates can be shaken off by vibration.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method of supplying water to the lattice crusher, and FIG. 11A is a schematic diagram showing a method of supplying water from above the object to be treated during crushing. 11 (b)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a method of supplying water from the upper lattice body to the object to be treated during crushing. In the example shown in FIG. 11A, a water sprinkling pipe 50 is provided above the upper grid body 4 so that water can be sprinkled on the mud m on the grid crusher 1 from above. In the example shown in FIG. 11B, a plurality of nozzles 51 are installed in the upper lattice body 4. The water ejected from the nozzle 51 is ultra-high pressure water,
Cut the clay mass. In the case of the water jet, it is dangerous if high-pressure water scatters around. Therefore, the water jet is jetted after reaching the downward position (the position shown in FIG. 11B) where the lattice has passed a predetermined angle.

As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, watering is performed from above the object for the following reason. (1) In the case of clay, it is difficult to dissolve in water. (2) In the case of clay, since it falls between two lattice plates and adheres and does not fall under its own weight, water is sprayed from the upper surface of the lattice plate to reduce the adhesion of the clay to the lattice plate surface. (3) The clay mass is cut into small pieces by the power of a water jet.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a method of removing foreign matter such as rock or metal between a pair of upper and lower lattices in a lattice crusher.
FIG. 1B is a side view showing an example of a foreign matter removing method, and FIG.
FIG. 2C is a side view showing another example of the foreign matter removing method.
In the example shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B,
The lower lattice 3 can be moved up and down by a hydraulic actuator 7, and the upper lattice 4 can be moved up and down by a hydraulic actuator 5. As shown in FIG. 12A, the position of the upper grid 4 is detected by a sensor (position detector) during the cutting operation of the mud, and the upper grid 4 does not reach the lower limit even after a certain period of time. Is determined to be a bite of foreign matter n. When it is determined that the foreign matter n is caught, the hydraulic actuators 5 and 7 are operated as shown in FIG.
The upper lattice body 4 is returned to the original state, and the lower lattice body 3 is lifted up and inclined to remove the foreign matter n. In addition, the lower lattice body 3
May be inclined downward to the right, which is the opposite direction to that of FIG. Alternatively, the lower lattice body 3 may be vibrated by the hydraulic actuator 7 to move and remove foreign matter by the vibration. On the other hand, in the example shown in FIG. 12C, the foreign matter n is extruded by projecting the push rod or the push plate 53 with the upper lattice body 4 returned to the original state.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a spiral stirring and conveying machine, wherein FIG. 13 (a) is a front sectional view, FIG. 13 (b) is a plan view, and FIG. 13 (c) is a side sectional view. As shown in FIG. 13, the spiral stirring transporter 10 has a structure in which a screw 12 is disposed in a casing 11 having a trough structure in the shape of an elongated container having an open top. The screw 12 includes a screw blade 12a and a shaft 12b that supports the screw blade 12a. Water is supplied into the casing 11 from a water supply pipe 55.

By supplying water to the casing 11, the casing 11 becomes a water tank, and the screw 12 is partially immersed in water. The bottom surface 11a of the casing 11 and the lower end surface of the screw blade 12a have an inclined structure. The gap between the bottom surface 11a of the casing and the lower end face of the screw blade 12a is set to be the same from the rear of the screw toward the front where the conveyed material advances, or is arranged so that the gap becomes smaller as it advances. As shown in FIG. 13, the reason why the gap between the screw and the casing is widened in the first half is that the stirring action is mainly performed by the blades in this portion, and the transfer of the processed material is a secondary action. .

An overflow window 11b is formed on one side of the casing 11 for discharging water from the casing and keeping the liquid level in the casing at a predetermined height. The overflow window 11b may serve as a throttle for maintaining the liquid level of the casing 11, and may open to the upper end of the casing 11. The overflow window 11b communicates with a discharge pipe 11c fixed to the side surface of the casing, and water overflowing from the overflow window 11b is discharged to the outside via the discharge pipe 11c.

The mud supplied from the lattice crusher 1 in a crushed state to the spiral stirring carrier 10 is mixed with the water in the casing by the stirring action of the screw 12, and the lumps and water are mixed in the first half of the casing 11. become. The mixture in the mixed state is conveyed rightward in FIG. 13A while the stirring is promoted by the action of the screw 12.
Then, in the latter half of the casing 11, the stirring state of the mud and water progresses to a slurry state, and thereafter, the slurry is discharged from the discharge port 11d and supplied to the drum washer 30 (see FIG. 1).

FIG. 14 is a view showing various shapes of the screw, FIG. 14 (a) is a side view showing a ribbon type screw, FIG. 14 (b) is a side view showing an intermittent screw,
FIG. 14C is a side view showing a screw with a flat plate parallel to the axis. A continuous complete screw is desirable in terms of transport performance, but in the present invention, rather than the transport capacity of the processed material,
Emphasis on stirring performance. Therefore, the screw blade
A ribbon type screw 12a-1 (FIG. 14A) in which ribbon-shaped blades are spirally continuous, and an intermittent screw 12a-2 in which ribbon-shaped blades are intermittently and spirally provided.
(FIG. 14 (b)), the shape of a screw with a flat plate 12a-3 (FIG. 14 (c)) in which ribbon-shaped blades are provided intermittently and spirally, and a flat plate P parallel to the axis is provided at the interruption portion. May also be used.

Next, characteristics of the blade shape shown in FIG. 14 will be described. The ribbon-type screw 12a-1 has an intermittent screw 12a with a backflow effect from the space near the shaft.
-2, the processed material stagnates at the interruption portion of the blade, and the flat plate screw 12a-3, which is parallel to the axis, imparts a swiveling motion to the processed material in the flat plate portion, but does not impart a conveying motion. Does not advance, stagnates, or is left behind, thereby increasing the stirring effect.

FIG. 15 is a view showing another example of the screw and the casing. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the bottom surface 11a of the casing 11 is inclined, and the shaft 12b of the screw 12 is configured to be inclined substantially along the bottom surface 11a of the casing 11, but as shown in FIG. , The screw blade 12a is tapered,
The bottom surface 11a of the casing 11 may be an inclined surface along the taper of the screw blade 12a. In any case,
Any structure may be used as long as a water tank is formed by the casing, and water and conveyed objects can be discharged from one end of the casing.

FIG. 16 is a view showing another example of a method of supplying water to the casing. FIG. 16 (a) is a front sectional view, and FIG.
(B) is a side sectional view. In the first half of the casing 11, a plurality of nozzles 60 are disposed on the left and right side walls of the casing 11, and water is supplied from the nozzles 60 by a water jet. The water jet by this water jet promotes the clay slurry.
The direction of the water jet ejected from the nozzle 60 is
Any direction may be used, as long as the jet hits the clay, such as sideways or downward from above the water surface.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a method for solving the case where foreign matter is caught between the screw and the casing in the spiral stirring and conveying machine. FIG. 17 (a) is a front sectional view showing the foreign matter being caught. FIG. 17 (b) is a front cross-sectional view showing the elimination of foreign matter being caught. As shown in FIG. 17, both ends of a shaft 12 b of the screw 12 are supported by bearings 14. The hydraulic actuators 16 and 17 are connected to the bearings 14 at both ends. The hydraulic actuators 16 and 17 are supported by the support 1 erected from the casing 11.
8, 19 supported. As a result, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 17A, when the foreign matter n bites between the screw blade 12a of the screw 12 and the casing 11, as shown in FIG.
By moving the bearing 14 at one or both ends of 2b, the gap between the screw blade 12a and the casing 11 is changed,
Eliminates biting. The screw blade 12
The screw 12 may be moved in the lateral direction without changing the gap between the a and the casing 11.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing a method of controlling the operation of the lattice crusher. Hereinafter, each step will be described in the order of steps. In step 1, it is confirmed that the subsequent device after the drum washer 30 is ready for operation. In step 2, it is confirmed that the spiral stirring carrier 10 has a predetermined amount of water and that the preparation of water supply to the spiral stirring carrier 10 is completed. In step 3, it is confirmed that the upper and lower lattice members 3, 4 in the lattice crusher 1 are at the preparation position. In step 4, the transportation vehicle is instructed by a ramp as to whether or not it can enter. In step 5, the approach of the transport vehicle is started, the presence or absence of the vehicle is detected by a detector, and then the vehicle unloads the load, exits, and turns off the detector by turning off the detector. Detect.
In step 6, the upper grid 4 is lowered to start the mud crushing movement. In step 7, time measurement of the descent time of the upper lattice 4 is started. In step 8,
Detecting whether the upper lattice 4 has reached the lower limit position, and comparing the set time of the lowering of the upper lattice 4 with the actual descending time, the crushing movement of the upper lattice 4 is performed within a predetermined time. If the processing is not completed, it is determined that there is an object having a large resistance between the upper and lower lattice bodies 3 and 4. Then, the game enters the difficult obstacle handling mode.

If the crushing movement of the upper lattice 4 is completed within a predetermined time in step 8, the counter of the number of times the upper lattice is lowered is cleared (step 9), and the upper lattice is raised (step 9). 10). Then, step 3
And stands by for the crushing operation of the next processed material. On the other hand, in the difficult obstacle mode, the upper lattice 4 is raised (Step 101), the upper limit position of the upper lattice 4 is confirmed (Step 102), and the upper lattice 4 is lowered (Step 1).
03), repetition of steps 101 to 103, and the lowering / upward movement of the upper lattice body consisting of the counter of the number of lowering times (step 104) are repeated. If the upper lattice reaches the lower limit within a predetermined number of times, it is determined that the resistor has passed,
Return to normal operation. As a result of the comparison between the number of times of descent and the set number of times in the difficult obstacle handling mode (step 105), if the number of times of descent exceeds the set number of times, it is determined that the object is a foreign object, and an abnormal signal, an alarm, etc. are issued (step 106). If a foreign substance is detected in step 106, the foreign substance is discharged manually by switching to the manual mode.

FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling the discrimination between clay and rock. FIG. 19A is a flowchart showing another example of the operation control method of the lattice crusher, and FIG.
FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a pressure detector and a position detector are provided on the upper lattice body, and FIG. 19C is a graph showing the relationship between the number of times of lowering of the upper lattice body and position detection. In FIG. 19A, steps 1 to 8 are the same as the example shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 18, the number of times the upper lattice body is repeatedly lowered is counted to determine the presence / absence of a difficult object (passing resistance object). A control method for determining the passage resistance is also conceivable. Pressure detector 6 in hydraulic circuit
5 is provided, and a position detector (position sensor) 66 is provided in the upper lattice body 4 or the drive unit of the upper lattice body. As an example of the position sensor, there is a method of detecting the rotation axis of the upper lattice body with an angle positioner, and detecting the upper lattice body with a laser positioner or the like. When earth and sand and clay are interposed between the upper and lower lattices, the position of the lattice is displaced by driving. If the resistance of the processed material such as rock or hard clay is large, the upper lattice body is difficult to descend, and the upper lattice body does not reach the lower limit position even after a predetermined time has elapsed (step 8). In that case, it enters the difficult obstacle handling mode as in the example shown in FIG. Then, the raising and lowering of the upper lattice body are repeated. As described above, when the descending motion is repeated, as shown in FIG. 19C, the difference Δs between the displacement amounts of the n-th and (n + 1) -th descending positions is calculated. Next, in step 201, the difference Δs of the displacement amount
Is compared with the set displacement (SO), and if SO> Δs, it is determined that it is difficult for the processed object to pass through the lattice. In this case, it is determined that the substance is a foreign substance, and an alarm is issued (step 202). If a foreign substance is detected in step 202, the foreign substance is removed manually or in the above-described foreign substance removal mode. Conversely, if SO <Δs, the upper lattice body is raised (step 203),
When the upper limit position of the upper lattice is detected (step 20)
4) Return to step 6. On the other hand, in step 8,
When the crushing motion of the upper lattice 4 is completed within a predetermined time, the previous displacement of the upper lattice 4 is cleared (step 9),
The upper lattice is raised (step 10). Thereafter, the process returns to step 3 and waits for the crushing operation of the processing object to be input next.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the operation of the drum washer. Mud, gravels, and sand slurried in the spiral stirring transporter 10 are further washed by the drum washer 30. At the entrance of the drum washer 30, the outer periphery of the gravel is covered with mud or mud particles are present. In the container of the drum washer 30, a vigorous stirring action acts, so that mud and single-particle soil adhering to the surface of the gravel are slurried, and solids such as gravel and sand are separated from fine particles. Thereafter, gravel and sand are collected by the trommel sieve 40.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the crusher. As shown in FIG. 21, the crusher 1 reciprocates a flat receiving table 70, a fixed blade 71 fixed to a frame, a movable blade 72 swinging up and down, and a flat plate in a lateral direction. A transverse feed mechanism 73 for sending out the mud m on the cradle 70 in the lateral direction is provided. Side plates 74 for preventing the mud from falling are disposed on both side surfaces of the receiving base 70.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view for explaining the operation of the crusher 1. FIG. 22 (a) is a front view showing one embodiment of the crusher, and FIG. 22 (b) shows another embodiment of the crusher. FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 22A, the fixed blade 71 is fixed to the frame 2, and the mud m is damped while the movable blade 72 is sufficiently lifted upward by the hydraulic actuator 5. Thereafter, the movable blade 72 is pushed down by the hydraulic actuator 5. In this case, one end of the movable blade 72 is fixed to the frame 2 by a pin joint (support point) S, and the movable blade 72 has a structure that swings up and down. In the example shown in FIG. 22B, the hydraulic actuator 5 is suspended and fixed to the upper frame 2a, and the movable blade 72 is horizontally supported by the hydraulic actuator 5. The movable blade 72 is configured to move up and down while keeping the horizontal state by the hydraulic actuator 5. The crusher 1 may adopt any of the structures shown in FIGS. 22 (a) and 22 (b).

In the configuration shown in FIGS. 21 and 22,
The mud m is unloaded onto the flat cradle 70. Mud m
The sheet is sent out between the upper and lower fixed blades 71 and the movable blades 72 by the horizontal feed mechanism 73. The movable blade 72 is operated to cut the mud m. After the cutting and crushing, the movable blade 72 is returned to its original position. By repeating such a movement, mud and clay are cut with scissors composed of fixed blades and movable blades.

In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the fixed blade and the movable blade are provided has been described. However, the fixed blade is omitted, and only the movable blade 72 which comes into contact with and separates from the receiving base 70 is provided.
After cutting the mud m on 0, the mud cut by the traverse mechanism 73 may be sequentially discharged. The foreign substance detection process and the like in this embodiment are performed in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The following effects are obtained. (1) Since the method is a method of discharging a processing object from a dump truck to a lattice crusher, it is possible to unload the object very quickly. (2) Since the mud stays temporarily on the lattice of the lattice crusher and slips off, it prevents a sudden fall or an instantaneous lump and falls, and has a buffering effect on a subsequent device. (3) Since the clay and mud are crushed by the grid crusher, mixing with water becomes easy.

(4) Since foreign matters such as rocks and concrete contained in the treated material can be automatically removed, stable operation is possible. (5) The spiral agitating and conveying machine once receives the entire amount of dumping input from the truck and then supplies it quantitatively, so that the load fluctuation of the subsequent device is extremely stabilized. (6) The processed material supplied stably can be remarkably improved in classification and separation efficiency in a subsequent device. Therefore, the quality of the classified product can be improved.

(7) Since the operation can be performed stably, the amount of wastewater treatment in the entire equipment can be reduced. (8) The operation of the bucket crane is not required, and all operations are performed by machines, so that the operation is stable and the equipment efficiency can be remarkably improved. (9) Since the entire system can be operated in a slurry state in which the mud is thick, a concentrating device (thickener) and a flocculant are not required in the final treatment of the discharged slurry. (10) Since chemicals such as coagulants are not mixed into the mud, dehydrated soil can be used as soil for agriculture, etc., and the range of recycling is expanded.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the entire configuration of a muddy substance treating apparatus and method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a detailed structure of a lattice crusher and a spiral stirring carrier of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view and FIG.
2B is a front view, and FIG. 2C is a side view.

3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the principle of cutting mud in a lattice crusher, wherein FIG. 3A shows a case where mud is cut with a knife, and FIG. 3B shows a case where mud is cut with scissors. Is shown.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a lower lattice and an upper lattice in the lattice crusher.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state where a lower lattice body and an upper lattice body are engaged with each other.

6A and 6B are schematic views illustrating the operation of the lattice crusher. FIG. 6A is a front view showing one embodiment of the lattice crusher, and FIG. 6B is another view of the lattice crusher. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a grid plate in the upper grid body and the lower grid body.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the upper and lower lattice members.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example in which an auxiliary grid body is provided below in addition to a pair of upper and lower grid bodies.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a lattice crusher provided with a mechanism for applying vibration to a pair of upper and lower lattice bodies.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method of supplying water to a lattice crusher, and FIG. 11 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a method of supplying water from above an object to be treated during crushing; (b) is a schematic diagram showing a method of supplying water from the upper lattice to the object to be treated during crushing.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a removing method when foreign matter such as rock or metal is caught between a pair of upper and lower lattice bodies in the lattice crusher; FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) show foreign matter; FIG. 12C is a side view illustrating an example of the removing method, and FIG. 12C is a side view illustrating another example of the foreign matter removing method.

FIG. 13 is a view showing a spiral stirring and conveying machine, and FIG.
3 (a) is a front sectional view, FIG. 13 (b) is a plan view, and FIG.
(C) is a side sectional view.

FIG. 14 is a view showing various shapes of a screw, and FIG.
4 (a) is a side view showing a ribbon type screw, FIG. 14 (b) is a side view showing an intermittent screw, FIG.
(C) is a side view showing the screw with a flat plate parallel to an axis.

FIG. 15 is a view showing another example of a screw and a casing.

16A and 16B are diagrams showing another example of a method of supplying water to the casing. FIG. 16A is a front sectional view, and FIG. 16B is a side sectional view.

17A and 17B are schematic views showing a method of solving the case where a foreign matter is caught between the screw and the casing in the spiral stirring and conveying machine. FIG. 17A is a front sectional view showing the foreign matter being caught, and FIG. (b) is a front sectional view showing the elimination of foreign matter being caught.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an operation control method of the lattice crusher.

19A and 19B are diagrams illustrating a method of controlling the discrimination between clay and rock, FIG. 19A is a flowchart illustrating another example of an operation control method of the grid crusher, and FIG. 19B is an upper grid body; FIG. 19C is a schematic diagram illustrating an example in which a pressure detector and a position detector are installed in FIG. 19C, and FIG. 19C is a graph illustrating a relationship between the number of times of lowering of the upper lattice body and position detection.

FIG. 20 is a schematic view showing the operation of the drum washer.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the crusher.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation of the crusher, and FIG.
2 (a) is a front view showing one embodiment of the crusher, and FIG.
(B) is a side view which shows another aspect of a crusher.

FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a processing flow in a conventional mud treatment plant.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a change in load on a sieve, in which the horizontal axis represents time (t) and the vertical axis represents the supply amount (M) of the processed material.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lattice crusher 2 Frame 2a Upper frame 3 Lower lattice body 3a, 4a, 6a Lattice plate 4 Upper lattice body 5, 7, 16, 17 Hydraulic actuator 6 Auxiliary lattice body 8 Knife 9 Scissors 10 Spiral stirring and conveying machine 11 Casing 11a Casing bottom surface 11b Overflow window 11c Discharge tube 11d Discharge port 12 Screw 12a Screw blade 12a-1 Ribbon type screw 12a-2 Intermittent screw 12a-3 Screw with flat plate 12b Shaft 14 Bearing 18, 19 Support 30 Drum washer 40 Trommel sieve 50 Sprinkler tube 51, 60 nozzle 53 push rod or push plate 55 water supply pipe 65 pressure detector 66 position detector (position sensor) 70 receiving base 71 fixed blade 72 movable blade 73 lateral feed mechanism 74 side plate 102 box-shaped dump truck 1 06 Sand classifier 107 Tank 108 Filter press a Medium sand c Dewatered cake m Mud n Foreign matter

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission Date] August 7, 2000 (2000.8.7)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claim 7

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D059 AA03 AA09 AA30 BE07 BE16 BJ20 BK11 CB06 CB19 CB30 CC04 EA20 4D065 CA01 CB10 DD02 EB03 ED01 ED16 ED27 ED35 4D067 CG07 EE01 EE45 GA03

Claims (23)

[Claims] 1. A crusher for cutting a supplied mass of mud and breaking it into divided mud, and a mud provided below the crusher and supplied from the crusher. A muddy treatment device, comprising: a stirring and conveying machine that supplies water, stirs the muddy material and water with a screw to form a slurry-state muddy material, and conveys the slurry with a screw. 2. The apparatus for treating a sludge according to claim 1, further comprising a nozzle for supplying water to the sludge supplied to the crusher. 3. The stirring and conveying machine according to claim 1, further comprising a nozzle for supplying water into a casing containing the mud, and a drain outlet provided at a predetermined height of the casing. Item 6. An apparatus for treating a muddy substance according to Item 1. 4. A crushing step of cutting the supplied mass of mud and breaking it into divided muds, supplying water to the mud supplied from the crushing step, And stirring the muddy material and water with each other to form a slurry-like muddy material and convey it with a screw. 5. The method for treating a mud according to claim 4, wherein water is supplied to the mud immediately before the crushing step and during the crushing step. 6. The crushing step includes a step of, when a muddy substance contains an uncrushable foreign matter, detecting the foreign matter and removing the foreign matter, and then crushing the muddy substance again. The method for treating muddy matter according to claim 4, wherein 7. When the foreign matter is caught between the screw and the casing accommodating the screw, the stirring and conveying step moves the screw in a direction away from the casing to eliminate the foreign matter from being caught, and The method for treating a mud according to claim 4, further comprising a step of stirring and transporting the mud again. 8. A lower grid body provided with a plurality of grid plates, an upper grid body provided with a plurality of grid plates, and a driving device for bringing the lower grid body and the upper grid body into and out of contact with each other, In a state in which the lower lattice body and the upper lattice body are separated from each other, a massive mud is supplied between the two, and the lower lattice body and the upper lattice body are brought close to each other to cut the massive mud. A crusher characterized in that the crushed material is crushed into mud materials divided into pieces. 9. The lattice plate of the lower lattice member and the lattice plate of the upper lattice member are provided in parallel and in parallel, and the lattice plates of the upper and lower lattice members enter into spaces adjacent to each other during crushing. The crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that: 10. The crusher according to claim 8, wherein a lattice plate of the lower lattice member and a lattice plate of the upper lattice member are provided so as to cross each other. 11. The crusher according to claim 8, wherein the grid plate of the lower grid body and the grid plate of the upper grid body have a plurality of openings or depressions. 12. An auxiliary grid body having a grid plate below said lower grid body.
The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 13. The crusher according to claim 8, wherein a mechanism for applying vibration to at least one of the lower lattice member and the upper lattice member is provided. 14. A cutting device comprising a foreign matter removing mechanism for removing foreign matter when the foreign matter is caught between the lower grid body and the upper grid body when cutting off the muddy material. The crusher according to any one of claims 8 to 13. 15. The foreign matter removing mechanism is a mechanism for dropping foreign matter by tilting the lower lattice body in a state where the lower lattice body and the upper lattice body are separated from each other. 14. The crusher according to 14. 16. The solution according to claim 14, wherein the foreign matter removing mechanism is a mechanism for pushing out foreign matter on the lower lattice body in a state where the lower lattice body and the upper lattice body are separated from each other. Crusher. 17. When the upper lattice body is brought closer to the lower lattice body, it is detected that foreign matter is present in the mud by detecting that the upper lattice body does not reach a predetermined position within a predetermined time. The crusher according to claim 8, characterized in that: 18. A housing for housing a mud and water, and a screw disposed in the casing and having a screw blade which is driven to rotate, wherein a bottom surface of the casing is provided in a moving direction of the mud. It is inclined upward from the upstream side to the downstream side, supplies mud to the front end of the casing, supplies water to the supplied mud, and agitates the mud and water with a screw. A stirring and conveying machine, wherein the slurry is conveyed by a screw while forming a slurry in the form of a slurry, and the slurry-like mud is discharged from a rear end of the casing. 19. The stirring and conveying machine according to claim 18, wherein a discharge port for discharging water supplied into the casing is provided at a predetermined position on the downstream side of the casing. 20. The agitation transporter according to claim 18, further comprising a mechanism for moving the screw when the foreign matter is caught between the screw and the casing and eliminating the foreign matter from being caught. Agitated transfer machine. 21. A pedestal for supporting a mud, a movable blade for cutting a part of the mud supported by the pedestal, and a traverse mechanism for laterally feeding the mud on the pedestal. A crusher comprising: 22. The crusher according to claim 21, further comprising a fixed blade fixedly installed, wherein the mud is cut by the fixed blade and the movable blade. 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein when cutting the mud, the presence of foreign matter in the mud is detected by the movable blade not reaching a predetermined position within a predetermined time.
The crusher described.