JP2002022234A - Central ventilating apparatus and ventilating structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a central ventilating apparatus and a ventilating structure wherein wasteful use of thermal energy is reduced. SOLUTION: There are provided in a central ventilating apparatus for ventilating a building a total heat exchanger 62 for exchanging total heat between exhaust exhausted to the outside of the building and fresh air supplied into a room and total heat exchange release means 80 for releasing total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62. Hereby, wasteful use of thermal energy is reduced by not actuating the total heat exchange release means 80 in a cooling interval and a heating interval but performing total heat exchanger between fresh air and exhaust in the total heat exchanger 62, recovering thermal energy of exhaust, and further in an intermediate interval actuating the total heat exchange release means 80, and releasing the total heat exchange operation in the total heat exchanger 62, and taking in fresh air not heat exchanged with exhaust into the room as it is.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a central ventilation device for ventilating a plurality of rooms of a building collectively and a ventilation structure for ventilating the building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, indoor airtightness and heat insulation have been reduced in order to prevent indoor and outdoor air from entering and exiting, prevent indoor heat from leaking to the outside, and reduce energy loss in air conditioning inside a building. Highly airtight and highly insulated buildings are used. In such highly airtight and highly insulated buildings,
Since the indoor and outdoor air is blocked, it is necessary to sufficiently ventilate the building. Therefore, in order to ventilate a highly airtight and highly heat-insulated building, a central ventilation device may be provided in the building to collectively ventilate a plurality of rooms of the building (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-344253). Such a central ventilation device is often installed in the back of a hut of a building, and in order to eliminate waste of heat energy, total heat is generated between indoor air discharged to the outside and outdoor air supplied to the room. It has a total heat exchanger for exchanging.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned central ventilation device, an opening serving as an air supply / exhaust port is not provided on the roof surface in order to secure the waterproof performance of the roof. Since the openings serving as the mouth and the exhaust port are formed, there is a problem that the length of the duct connecting the central ventilation device to the intake port and the exhaust port becomes long. In addition, when the eaves of the roof are small, and openings are formed on the outer wall near the eaves to serve as intake and exhaust ports, holes are provided at the ceiling below the back of the cabin, and the duct is bent downward from these holes. To prevent water from blowing into the room. For this reason, it is necessary to form a bent duct, and there is a problem in that the work of attaching the duct is troublesome. Furthermore, when the total heat of the outside air is smaller than the total heat of the room, such as during the rainy season, if heat is exchanged with a total heat exchanger,
There is a problem that the cooling load is rather increased, and heat energy is wasted.

[0004] A first object of the present invention is to provide a central ventilator capable of reducing waste of heat energy. A second object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure in which the length of the duct is not lengthened and the work of attaching the duct is facilitated.

[0005]

The first invention of the present invention, which will be described with reference to the drawings as well, is a central ventilation device 60 for ventilating a plurality of rooms of a building collectively, wherein the central ventilation device 60 discharges outdoors to the outside. Total heat exchanger that exchanges total heat between air (hereinafter referred to as “exhaust”) and outdoor air supplied indoors
62 and a total heat exchange canceling means 80 for canceling the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62. In such a first invention, it is advantageous to exchange the total heat between the outside air and the exhaust gas.In the midsummer, which is the cooling season, and the severe winter, which is the heating period, the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is not operated. The total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchanger 62, and the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas discharged to the outside is recovered to reduce waste of the heat energy. In addition, when the total heat of the outside air and the exhaust gas is exchanged during the intermediate period or the like, and the heat energy is rather damaged, the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is operated to cancel the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62. , Without exchanging heat with the exhaust air
Reduce waste of heat energy due to total heat exchange. Thereby, in any of the cooling period, the heating period, and the intermediate period, the waste of the heat energy is reduced, so that the cost of the heat energy can be reduced.

In the above, the total heat exchanger 62 is of a stationary type in which the total heat exchange element 62C is immovably fixed to the casing, and the total heat exchange element 62C is used as the total heat exchange canceling means 80. Bypass duct 6 to bypass
Desirably, there are provided switching dampers 68, 69 for switching the flow path from one of the bypass ducts 66, 67 and the total heat exchange element 62C to the other. With such switching dampers 68 and 69, the bypass duct 66,
When the opening on the 67 side is closed, ventilation is performed through the total heat exchange element 62C, the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is turned off, and the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62 is performed. On the other hand, the total heat exchange element 62C
If the opening on the side is closed, ventilation is performed through the bypass ducts 66 and 67, and the total heat exchange canceling operation of the total heat exchanger 62 in which the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is in the on state is performed.
Thus, the total heat exchange operation and the total heat exchange canceling operation of the total heat exchanger 62 can be switched, and the two operations of the total heat exchanger 62 can be easily switched. It is possible to maintain the air balance in each of the above operations.

In the room of the building 1, an operation panel 71 for operating the air conditioner 43 provided in the room is provided.
Is desirably provided. Such an air conditioner 43
In the operating state, one of three modes of cooling, heating, and air blowing can be selected, and this selection operation is performed on the operation panel 71, so that the total heat exchange is released to the air blowing operation of the air conditioner 43. Operation panel for interlocking means 80
Take out the blast signal of 71 and transfer the blast signal to the total heat exchanger 62.
Of the total heat exchange canceling means 80
Switching on and off can be automatically performed by selecting air blowing on the operation panel 71, and the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is connected to the air conditioner 43.
The complexity of switching on and off according to the operating state of the vehicle is avoided.

Further, it is desirable to provide a control device 74 for controlling on / off of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 using the temperature sensors 72 and 73. Such a temperature sensor 72,
If the sensors 73 and 73 are provided inside and outside the building, respectively, the outside air temperature and room temperature detected by the temperature sensors 72 and 73 can be controlled by the control device 74.
As a result, the control device 74 automatically turns on and off the total heat exchange canceling means 80 from the result, and the switching of the total heat exchange operation and the total heat exchange cancellation of the total heat exchanger 62 can be easily performed. Will be able to do it.

The central ventilation device 60 is installed on the back of a hut 4C of the building 1. The roof surface 14 of the building 1 has an inlet port 65A and an exhaust port 65B of the central ventilation device 60. Is desirable. In this way, if the central ventilation device 60 is provided in the center of the building 1 in plan view, and the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B are provided on the outer wall, even if the ducts 63 and 64 are long, the nearest roof surface By providing the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B in 14, the lengths of the ducts 63 and 64 can be reduced.

Further, the roof 4 of the building 1 has a plurality of solar cell panels 51 for converting sunlight energy into electric power arranged on a base surface 15 thereof. A gap 16 communicating from the eaves 4B side to the ridge 4A side is formed between the eaves 4B and the eaves 4B, and an intake port 65A and an exhaust port 65B of the central ventilation device 60 are formed on the ground surface 15. desirable. In this way, since the solar panel 51 covers the upper portion of the inlet 65A and the outlet 65B, even if the inlet 65A and the outlet 65B are formed on the ground surface 15, the waterproof performance of the roof 4 may be impaired. Without any change in the waterproof structure of the roof 4
There is no need to provide a separate waterproof structure for the 65A and the exhaust port 65B, which facilitates the installation work of the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B. Is not compromised.

The roof surface 14 of the building 1 is made of a roofing material.
81, and the lower surface 15 of the roof 4 has an inlet 65
A and an exhaust port 65B are formed, and the roof surface 14 has a cover 90 covering the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B.
It is preferable that the cover portion 90 is formed integrally with the roofing material 81. By preparing a pipe portion 91 to be fitted to the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B formed on the ground surface 15, and installing the pipe portion 91 so as to protrude upward from the ground surface 15, an inclined roof surface can be obtained. Even if rainwater flows down from 14, rainwater does not enter the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B, and the roof 4 can be easily waterproofed. Further, since the cover portion 90 covering the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B formed on the ground surface 15 is integrally formed with the roofing material 81A for roofing the roof 4, the roofing work is performed together with the ordinary roofing material 81. This eliminates the need to separately install the cover unit 90, and can reduce the amount of work on the roof 4.

Referring to the drawings, the second invention of the present invention is a ventilation structure for ventilating a building 1, wherein a roof 4 of the building 1 has sunlight energy on a ground surface 15 thereof. A plurality of solar cell panels 51 that convert electric power into electric power are arranged, and a gap 16 communicating from the eaves 4B side to the ridge 4A side is formed between the solar cell panel 51 and the ground surface 15, The base surface 15 is formed with an inlet port 65A and an outlet port 65B. In the second aspect, since the upper part of the air inlet 65A and the air outlet 65B is covered with the solar cell panel 51, the waterproof performance of the roof 4 is not impaired even if an opening is formed for air intake and exhaust. Therefore, there is no need to separately provide a waterproof structure for the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B, and the installation work of the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B becomes easy.

In the above description, it is desirable that a central ventilation device 60 that ventilates a plurality of rooms of the building 1 collectively is installed on the back 4C of the building 1. In this way, the central ventilation device 60 can be used for the building 1 in plan view.
Is installed in the center of the
Ducts 63 and 64 connecting the central ventilation device 60
The length of 64 can be shortened, and the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B are not exposed to the outside, so that the aesthetic appearance of the room is not impaired.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment FIG. 1 shows a unit building 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The unit-type building 1 has a living room 3 formed by combining a plurality of building units 10 formed in a box shape on a foundation 2 provided on the site, and an erecting unit on the upper surface of the building unit 10 forming the second floor. And a roof 4 formed by mutually connecting roof panels 9 supported by a bundle (not shown).
The unit-type building 1 is a highly heat-insulated and air-tight building, and has a small loss of air conditioning energy. In addition, on the first floor of the unit building 1, the entrance building unit 10A is located at the left corner of the front of the figure.
12 are formed, and a plurality of living room building units 10B arranged in other portions form a first floor living room portion 3A. On the other hand, on the second floor of the unit building 1, a plurality of living room building units 10B are arranged.
Inside B, a second-floor living room 3B is formed. This room
At the front in the drawing of 3B, a balcony unit 13 forming a balcony is provided so as to protrude from the outer wall surface. The roof 4 of the unit building 1 is located on both sides of the ridge 4A, from the ridge 4A
This is a gable roof having a roof surface 14 having a downward slope toward 4B. The roof surface 14 is covered with a solar cell panel 51 which is a roofing material for converting solar energy into electric power. Thus, the roof 4 is a roof with solar cells.

The roof panel 9 is, as shown in FIG.
A frame 6 in which frame members such as a channel steel and a square steel pipe are assembled in a square frame shape, and a base plate 7 stuck on the frame 6;
A waterproof sheet 8 such as a roofing attached to the field board 7 is provided. The upper surface of the roof plate 7 of the roof panel 9 is a lower ground surface 15 of the roof surface 14. The lower ground 15 is provided with a plurality of support members 53 extending along the inclination direction of the roof surface 14 and formed in a rail shape.
In the solar cell panel 51, both edges along the inclination direction of the roof surface 14 are supported by the support members 53. The support member 53
It has a leg 53A attached to the lower ground 15, and a groove 53B with an upper opening. The solar cell panel 51 has a solar cell 52 that converts sunlight energy into electric power. A gap 16 is formed between the lower surface of the solar cell panel 51 and the base surface 15. The gap 16 communicates from the eaves 4B side to the ridge 4A side. A central ventilation device 60 for independently ventilating each floor of the building 1 is provided on the back 4C of the roof 4. This central ventilation device 60
A central ventilation unit 61 having a built-in blower and the like for performing ventilation is provided. This central ventilation unit
61 is a bracket fixed to the upper surface of the ceiling beam 5A constituting the ceiling panel 5 of the building unit 10B arranged on the second floor.
The lower surface 15 of the roof surface 14 supported by 60A has an inlet 65A and an outlet 65B of the central ventilation unit 61.
Are formed. This intake port 65A and exhaust port 65B
Communicates with the gap 16 between the solar cell panel 51 and the lower ground 15 of the roof 4. This intake port 65A and exhaust port 65B
The intake duct 63 and the exhaust duct 64 of the total heat exchanger 62
Are connected respectively.

On the second floor of the building 1, as shown in FIG. 3, a main bedroom 35 occupying the lower half of the second floor in the figure, and sub-bedrooms 36 and 37 along both side edges of the upper half in the figure. Vice bedroom
A stair room 38 between 36 and 37 and a toilet 39 between a master bedroom 35 and a sub-bedroom 37 are provided. Further, on the second floor of the building 1, a central ventilation device 60 for ventilating the main bedroom 35 and the sub-bedrooms 36 and 37 by one unit is provided. Of these, the master bedroom
An outlet 40 for blowing out the ventilated air is provided on the ceiling of 35 and the sub-bedrooms 36 and 37. Each of these outlets 40 is connected to a staircase through a duct 41 extending in a substantially horizontal direction.
It is connected to the outlet of a central ventilation unit 61 arranged above 38. On the walls of the master bedroom 35 and the sub-bedrooms 36 and 37, an air conditioner (hereinafter, abbreviated as “air conditioner”) 43 that is an air conditioner that cools, heats, and blows air in these rooms is provided. In the vicinity of each air conditioner 43,
An operation panel 71 for an air conditioner is provided. Air conditioner
43 is operated in one of three operating states of cooling, heating and air blowing. Operation panel 71
Is for switching the three operating states of the air conditioner 43. The suction port 40A of the central ventilation unit 61 is provided on the lower surface of the ventilation unit 61. In the central ventilation unit 61, an exhaust port for indoor air and an intake port for indoor air communicate with the outside via an intake duct 63 and an exhaust duct 64, respectively. In the toilet 39, a dedicated exhaust blower 34 is provided, and on the ceiling of the toilet 39,
A suction port 33 connected to an exhaust blower 34 is provided, so that the toilet 39 can independently exhaust air.

At the center of the first floor of the building 1, as shown in FIG. 4, a staircase 21 is provided. A kitchen 22, a Japanese-style room 23, a bathroom 24, a washroom 25, a toilet 26, and an entrance 12 are provided. Further, on the first floor of the building 1, a central ventilation device 60 for ventilating the floor by one unit is provided. Of these, a vent 40 for blowing out ventilated air is provided on the ceiling of the living / dining / kitchen 22 and the Japanese-style room 23. These outlets 40 are connected via ducts 41 to the outlets of a central ventilation unit 61 arranged above the staircase room 21. The suction port 40A of the central ventilation unit 61 is provided on the lower surface of the ventilation unit 61. In the central ventilation unit 61, an exhaust port for indoor air and an intake port for indoor air communicate with the outside via an intake duct 63 and an exhaust duct 64, respectively. Above a range 30 provided in the living / dining / kitchen 22 is provided a suction port 31 opened inside the range hood.
This suction port 31 is connected to an exhaust fan 32. As a result, smoke generated in the range 30 is discharged. Further, a dedicated exhaust blower 34 is provided in the bathroom 24 and the toilet 26, and a suction port 33 connected to the exhaust blower 34 is provided in each ceiling of the bathroom 24 and the toilet 26. As a result, the air in the bathroom 24 and the air in the toilet 26 are individually discharged. There are air conditioners on the walls of living / dining / kitchen 22 and Japanese-style room 23.
43 are provided. An operation panel 71 for the air conditioner 43 is provided near each air conditioner 43.

As shown in FIG. 5, inside the central ventilation unit 61, a total heat exchanger 62 for exchanging total heat between indoor air discharged to the outside and outdoor air supplied to the room is provided. It is stored. The total heat exchanger 62 is of a stationary type in which a total heat exchange element 62C is immovably fixed to a casing. The central ventilation unit 61 has an air blower 62A for supplying outdoor fresh air to the room.
And an exhaust blower 62B for discharging indoor air to the outside
And a bypass duct that bypasses the total heat exchange element 62C
66 and 67 are provided. The air supply blower 62A is provided inside an outside air chamber 61A to which the intake duct 63 is connected. The exhaust blower 62B is provided inside a return air chamber 61B communicating with the suction port 40A. The outside air chamber 61A is connected to the air supply chamber via a bypass duct 66.
Connected to 61C. In this air supply chamber 61C,
The duct 41 is connected and the total heat exchange element 62
The outside air outlet of C is connected. Return air chamber 61B
Is connected to an exhaust chamber 61D via a bypass duct 67. An exhaust duct 64 is connected to the exhaust chamber 61D, and an exhaust outlet of the total heat exchange element 62C is connected to the exhaust chamber 61D. A switching damper 68 for switching the flow path from one side of the bypass duct 66 and the other of the total heat exchange element 62C to the downstream side of the outlet of the air supply blower 62A is provided. The switching damper 68 is driven by a motor 68A. A switching damper 69 for switching the flow path from one of the bypass duct 67 and the total heat exchange element 62C to the other is provided at a downstream portion of the outlet of the exhaust blower 62B. This switching damper 69
Are driven by a motor 69A. Motor 68A, 6
9A is designed to work in conjunction with each other. Here, the switching dampers 68 and 69, the bypass ducts 66 and 67, and the motors 68A and 69A constitute a total heat exchange canceling unit 80 that cancels the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62.

In the central ventilation unit 61, normally, the openings on the side of the bypass ducts 66, 67 are closed by the switching dampers 68, 69, and no air flows through the bypass ducts 66, 67, and ventilation is performed through the total heat exchange element 62C. Such a state is called a total heat exchange state. On the other hand, when the total heat exchange canceling means 80 operates, the central ventilation unit
61 has a switching damper 6 with an opening on the total heat exchange element 62C side.
It is closed at 8, 69, air does not flow through the total heat exchange element 62C, and ventilation is performed through the bypass ducts 66, 67. Such a state is called a total heat exchange release state. Outside air chamber 61 of central ventilation unit 61
A is provided with an outside air temperature sensor 72 for detecting an outside air temperature, and an exhaust air temperature sensor 73 for detecting a room temperature is provided in the return air chamber 61B of the central ventilation unit 61.

The central ventilation unit 61 has switching dampers 68, 69 based on the temperatures detected by the temperature sensors 72, 73.
Is provided with a control device 74 for controlling the operation of. As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 74 includes a temperature sensor 72,
Comparison section that compares the indoor temperature and the outside air temperature detected in 73
75, a control unit 76 for controlling the operation of the switching dampers 68, 69,
Converters 77 and 78 for converting signals from temperature sensors 72 and 73 into predetermined voltage signals corresponding to the temperature, and an air blowing signal from operation panel 71 are input and the output is sent to control unit 76. An AND circuit 79 is provided.

When the voltage signals from the converters 77 and 78 are input and the outside air temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the comparison unit 75
A Hi signal of a predetermined voltage is output, and when the outside air temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, a Lo signal of a lower voltage than the Hi signal is output. The control unit 76 outputs H
When the i signal is received, the switching dampers 68, 69 are operated from one of the open state and the closed state to the other, and when the Lo signal is received, the switching dampers 68, 69 are returned to the original state. Further, the control unit 76 is directly supplied with a voltage signal corresponding to the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 72 via the converter 77, and switches the operation setting of the total heat exchange canceling means 80. Specifically, when the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 72 becomes equal to or lower than the first set temperature (for example, 14 ° C.), the control unit 76 sets the operation of the total heat exchange cancellation unit 80 to the heating operation mode. It has become. More specifically, in the heating operation mode, when the outside air temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the control unit 76 closes the openings on the bypass duct 66, 67 side by the switching dampers 68, 69, When the outside air temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69 close the opening on the side of the total heat exchange element 62C.

When the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 72 becomes equal to or higher than a second set temperature (for example, 18 ° C.), the control unit 76 sets the operation of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 to the cooling operation mode. It has become. Specifically, the control unit 76
In the cooling operation mode, when the outside air temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69 use the bypass duct 6
When the outside air temperature is lower than the room temperature, the openings on the sides 6 and 67 are closed.
The opening on the C side is closed. Further, the AND circuit 79 sends a blowing signal to the control unit 76 when all the air conditioners 43 are performing a blowing operation. Then, when receiving the blowing signal from the AND circuit 79, the control unit 76 activates the total heat exchange canceling means 80 and cancels the total heat exchange function of the total heat exchanger 62.

Next, the operation of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 will be described. First, when operating in the cooling operation mode (including dry operation) in summer or the like where the outside air temperature is higher than the second set temperature, when the outside air temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69 are connected to the bypass duct. The openings on the 66 and 67 sides are closed, and the total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchange element 62C. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is lower than the room temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69 close the opening on the side of the total heat exchange element 62C, and allow the outside air and exhaust gas to flow through the bypass ducts 66 and 67, and Cancel the total heat exchange function. Further, when operating in the heating operation mode in winter or the like in which the outside air temperature is lower than the first set temperature, when the outside air temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69
The openings on the sides 6 and 67 are closed, and the total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchange element 62C. On the other hand, when the outside air temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the switching dampers 68 and 69 close the opening on the side of the total heat exchange element 62C, and the bypass duct 66 and
The outside air and the exhaust gas are circulated through the 67 and the total heat exchange function of the total heat exchanger 62 is released.

Further, in a period in which cooling and heating are not performed in principle, such as an intermediate period, when one of the plurality of air conditioners 43 is operated in the cooling mode or the heating mode, the switching dampers 68 and 69 are connected to the bypass duct. The openings on the 66 and 67 sides are closed, and total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchange element 62C. When all the air conditioners 43 are operating in the air blowing mode, the switching dampers 68, 69 close the opening on the side of the total heat exchange element 62C, and the bypass duct 66,
The outside air and the exhaust gas are circulated through the 67 and the total heat exchange function of the total heat exchanger 62 is released. As described above, as the season changes from summer to winter, the outside air temperature becomes low, and when the outside air temperature becomes lower than the first set temperature, the control unit 76 causes the operation of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 to enter the heating operation mode. It switches automatically. Further, as the season changes from winter to summer, the outside air temperature increases, and when the outside air temperature becomes higher than the second set temperature, the operation of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is automatically changed to the cooling operation mode by the control unit 76. Switch.

According to the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained. That is, in the cooling period and the heating period, since the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is not operated, the total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchanger 62, and the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas is recovered. Reduce waste. In addition, when the total heat of the outside air and the exhaust gas is exchanged during the intermediate period or the like, and the heat energy is rather damaged, the total heat exchange canceling means 80 is operated to cancel the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62. In addition, outside air is taken into the room without exchanging heat with exhaust gas, thereby reducing waste of heat energy due to total heat exchange. Thus, in any of the cooling period, the heating period, and the intermediate period, waste of heat energy is reduced, and the cost of the heat energy can be reduced.

Since the switching dampers 68 and 69 open and close the opening on the side of the total heat exchange element 62C and the openings on the side of the bypass ducts 66 and 67, the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger 62 is performed. In addition, the switching of the total heat exchange can be switched, the two operations of the total heat exchanger 62 can be easily switched, and the air balance in each operation of the total heat exchanger 62 can be maintained.

Further, during the air blowing operation of the air conditioner 43, the air blowing signal of the operation panel 71 is transmitted to the control device 74 via the AND circuit 79.
Of the total heat exchange canceling means 80 can be automatically turned on and off by selecting air blowing on the operation panel 71, and the total heat exchange canceling means 80 can be controlled by the air conditioner. The complexity of switching on and off according to the 43 operating conditions can be avoided.

The temperature sensors 72 and 73 are provided in the central ventilation unit 61, respectively, and a comparison unit of a control device 74 for comparing the outside air temperature and the room temperature detected by the temperature sensors 72 and 73.
75, the control device 74 automatically turns on and off the total heat exchange canceling means based on the result of the comparison of the temperatures, and performs the total heat exchange operation and the total heat exchange cancellation of the total heat exchanger 62. Can be easily switched.

Further, since the central ventilation unit 61 is installed on the back of the roof 4C of the roof 4 and the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B are formed in the lower ground 15 near the central ventilation unit 61, the intake duct 63 and the exhaust duct 64 are formed. The length can be shortened.

Further, a solar cell panel 51 is provided on the base surface 15, a gap 16 is formed between the solar cell panel 51 and the base surface 15, and a sun rises above the intake port 65 A and the exhaust port 65 B on the base surface 15. Since the battery panel 51 is covered, even if the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B are formed on the base surface 15, the waterproof performance of the roof 4 is not impaired, so that the waterproof structure of the roof 4 is not changed at all. There is no need to provide a separate waterproof structure for the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B, which simplifies installation work for the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B,
Also, the exhaust port 65B is not exposed to the outside, and the aesthetic appearance of the room is not impaired.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 7 and 8 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the roof 4 covered by the solar panel 51 in the first embodiment is replaced with a roof 4 covered by a roofing material 81. That is, the roof surface 14 has an intake port 65A and an exhaust port
Cover portions 90 are provided to cover the upper side of 65B. The cover portion 90 is formed integrally with the roofing material 81A, and has a pipe portion 91 fitted into the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B.
A cover 92 covering the air inlet 65A and the air outlet 65B is provided, and a fixing part 93 fixed to the base plate 7 is provided. Pipe section 91
Are provided so as to protrude from the ground surface 15. The roofing material 81A with the cover portion provided with the cover portion 90 is attached to the ground surface 15 similarly to the normal roofing material 81 without the cover portion 90.

According to the second embodiment, the same operations and effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the following effects can be added. That is, the pipe portion 91 is fitted into the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B formed in the ground surface 15, and the pipe portion 91 is installed so as to protrude upward from the ground surface 15, so that the rainwater Rainwater does not enter the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B,
The roof 4 can be easily waterproofed. Further, since the cover portion 90 covering the intake port 65A and the exhaust port 65B formed on the ground surface 15 is integrally formed with the roofing material 81A for roofing the roof 4, the roofing work is performed together with the ordinary roofing material 81. This eliminates the need to separately install the cover unit 90, and can reduce the amount of work on the roof 4.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but includes other configurations that can achieve the object of the present invention, and includes the following modifications. That is, as the total heat exchanger, the total heat exchange element 62C
Is not limited to the stationary type fixed to the casing so as not to be movable, and may be a rotary type in which a rotor is rotatably provided in the casing. When this rotary type total heat exchanger is employed, the on / off of a rotor provided in the total heat exchanger may be controlled when switching between total heat exchange operation and total heat exchange cancellation. Further, although both the operation panel 71 and the control device 7 are provided to control the total heat exchange canceling means, the invention is not limited to this, and only the operation panel 71 may be provided.

[0034]

According to the central ventilation device and the ventilation structure of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. That is,
According to the central ventilation device of the first aspect, it is advantageous to exchange the total heat of the outside air and the exhaust gas. In the midsummer, which is the cooling season, and in the severe winter, which is the heating period, the total heat exchange canceling means is provided. Without operating, the total heat exchange between the outside air and the exhaust gas is performed by the total heat exchanger, and the heat energy contained in the exhaust gas discharged to the outside is recovered to reduce waste of the heat energy. In addition, when the total heat between the outside air and the exhaust gas is exchanged, such as in an intermediate period, if the heat energy is rather damaged, the total heat exchange canceling means is operated, and the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger is canceled.
Without exchanging heat with exhaust gas, outside air is taken into the room as it is, thereby reducing waste of heat energy due to total heat exchange. Thus, in any of the cooling period, the heating period, and the intermediate period, waste of heat energy is reduced, and the cost of the heat energy can be reduced.

Further, according to the central ventilation device of the second aspect, if the opening on the bypass duct side is closed by such a switching damper, ventilation is performed through the total heat exchange element, and the total heat exchange canceling means is provided. It becomes an off state, and the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger is performed. On the other hand, if the switching damper closes the opening on the total heat exchange element side,
Ventilation is performed through the bypass duct, and the total heat exchange canceling operation of the total heat exchanger in which the total heat exchange canceling unit is turned on is performed. Thereby, the switching between the total heat exchange operation and the total heat exchange canceling operation of the total heat exchanger can be performed, and the two operations of the total heat exchanger can be easily switched. Air balance can be maintained.

Further, according to the central ventilator of the third aspect, such an air conditioner is operated in the following manner.
One of the three modes of cooling, heating and air blowing can be selected, and this selection operation is performed on the operation panel, so that the total heat exchange canceling means is linked to the air blowing operation of the air conditioner, If the blast signal of the panel is taken out and the blast signal is input to a control circuit or the like of the total heat exchanger, the total heat exchange canceling means can be automatically turned on and off by selecting the blast on the operation panel. In other words, it is possible to avoid the trouble of turning on and off the total heat exchange canceling means in accordance with the operation state of the air conditioner.

According to the central ventilator of the present invention, if the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the room and the temperature of the outside air drawn into the room from the outside are detected by the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor detects the temperature. The control unit automatically compares the outside air temperature and the room temperature with the control unit, and based on the result, the control unit automatically turns on and off the total heat exchange canceling means. The release can be easily switched.

Further, according to the central ventilation device of the fifth aspect, when the central ventilation device is provided at the center of the building in plan view and the intake and exhaust ports are provided on the outer wall, even if the duct becomes long, By providing an intake port and an exhaust port on the nearest roof surface, the length of the duct can be shortened.

According to the central ventilation device of the present invention, since the solar cell panel covers above the intake port and the exhaust port, even if the intake port and the exhaust port are formed on the base surface, the roof is waterproof. Since the performance is not impaired, there is no need to change the waterproof structure of the roof at all, and there is no need to provide a separate waterproof structure for the intake and exhaust ports, making installation work of the intake and exhaust ports easier. In addition, the intake port and the exhaust port are not exposed to the outside, and the aesthetic appearance of the room is not impaired.

Further, according to the central ventilator of the present invention, a pipe portion to be fitted to an intake port and an exhaust port formed on the base surface is prepared, and this pipe portion is projected upward from the base surface. If installed, even if rainwater flows down from the inclined roof surface, rainwater does not enter the intake port and the exhaust port, and the roof can be easily waterproofed.
In addition, since the cover that covers the intake and exhaust ports formed on the ground surface was integrally molded with the roofing material that roofs, the roofing work was performed separately with the normal roofing material, so that the cover part was separately formed. Installation work is not required, and the amount of work on the roof can be reduced.

Further, according to the ventilation structure of the present invention, since the upper part of the intake port and the exhaust port is covered with the solar cell panel, even if an opening is formed for intake and exhaust, the waterproof performance of the roof is maintained. Since there is no loss, it is not necessary to separately provide a waterproof structure for the intake port and the exhaust port, and the installation work of the intake port and the exhaust port can be easily performed.

Further, according to the ventilation structure of the ninth aspect, the central ventilation device is provided in the central portion of the building in plan view, and even if the central ventilation device is far from the outer wall, the ventilation device connects the duct and the central ventilation device. The length can be reduced, and the intake port and the exhaust port are not exposed to the outside, so that the aesthetic appearance of the room is not impaired.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a roof according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the second floor of the building according to the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the first floor of the building according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a total heat exchange unit according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a control device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a roof according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Unit-type building as a building 4A building 4B eaves 4C Roof back 14 Roof surface 15 Underground 16 Clearance 51 Solar panel 60 Central ventilation system 62 Total heat exchanger 65A Intake port 65B Exhaust port 66,67 Bypass duct 68,69 Switching Damper 71 Operation panel 72, 73 Temperature sensor 75 Controller 80 Total heat exchange release means 81 Roofing material 90 Cover

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04D 13/18 H01L 31/04 RF Term (Reference) 2E001 DB02 FA24 FA42 FA43 FA44 NA04 NC03 ND08 ND21 ND27 QA02 2E108 KK04 LL01 MM06 NN07 5F051 BA03 JA09 JA20

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A central ventilator for ventilating a plurality of rooms of a building together, comprising: a total heat exchanger for exchanging total heat between indoor air discharged to the outside and outdoor air supplied to the room. And a total heat exchange canceling means for canceling the total heat exchange operation of the total heat exchanger. 2. The central ventilator according to claim 1, wherein the total heat exchanger is a stationary type in which a total heat exchange element is immovably fixed to a casing, and the total heat exchange canceling means includes: A bypass duct that bypasses the total heat exchange element, and a switching damper that is connected to the bypass duct and switches a flow path from one of the bypass duct and the total heat exchange element to the other. Features a central ventilation system. 3. The central ventilator according to claim 1, wherein an operation panel for operating an air conditioner provided in the room is provided in the room of the building. Central ventilation equipment characterized by: 4. A central ventilator according to claim 1, further comprising a control device for controlling on / off of said total heat exchange canceling means using a temperature sensor. Features a central ventilation system. 5. The central ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein said central ventilation device is installed in the back of a hut of said building, and said central ventilation device is provided on a roof surface of said building. A central ventilation device characterized by having an intake port and an exhaust port formed therein. 6. The central ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of solar cell panels for converting solar energy into electric power are arranged on a base surface of the roof of the building. A gap communicating from the eaves side to the ridge side is formed between the solar cell panel and the ground plane, and an inlet port and an exhaust port of the central ventilation device are formed on the ground plane. Central ventilator characterized by being made. 7. The central ventilation device according to claim 1, wherein the roof surface of the building is:
The roof is covered with a roofing material, and an intake port and an exhaust port are formed on a lower ground surface of the roof. The roofing material includes a cover portion that covers above the intake port and the exhaust port. Central ventilation system characterized by being integrally molded with the roofing material. 8. A ventilation structure for ventilating a building, wherein the roof of the building has a plurality of solar cell panels for converting solar energy into electric power arranged on a base surface thereof. A ventilation structure is provided between a battery panel and the base surface, a gap communicating from the eaves side to the ridge side is formed, and an intake port and an exhaust port are formed on the base surface. 9. The ventilation structure according to claim 8, wherein a central ventilation device for ventilating a plurality of rooms of the building is installed at the back of the cabin of the building.