JPH0894138A - Overall house ventilating structure for detached - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To replace the contaminated air of the entire room of an airtight house with suitable amount of the outdoor clean air by a simple execution even at the time of cooling or heating. CONSTITUTION: A centralized exhaust fan 22 for forcibly exhausting the air A of an attic space 3 is installed in the ventilating louver G of the space 3. A ceiling vent opening Hb for exhausting the air A of each habitable room 6 to the space 3 is provided at the ceiling of the room 6 of the upper floor. An air supply opening Ha for supplying the outdoor air B into the room is provided at the outer wall 51a of each habitable room 5 of a lower floor. A ventilation gap is provided between the rooms 5, 6 of the upper and lower floors and a corridor. Thus, a ventilation route of the sequential flow of the air of the outdoor, each room 5 of the lower floor, the corridor of the lower floor, the opening ceiling of a stair 8, the corridor 1 of the upper floor, each room 6 of the upper floor, the space 3 and the outdoor is formed during the operation of a centralized exhaust fan 2, thereby ventilating the entire rooms of the house.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ventilation structure for a detached house suitable for being applied to an airtight detached house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Like a conventional Japanese house, if there is a gap in the room, such as the gap between fittings, and the gaps that open to the outdoors (hereinafter referred to as "external gaps"), there is a proper amount of ventilation even during heating and cooling. Is done naturally. However, in recent years, in order to reduce heat loss during heating and cooling, packing is interposed between doors and doors and fitting frames, and walls, floors, and ceilings are made of panel materials, so Houses with so-called airtight and energy-saving structures that reduce the external clearance area as much as possible are becoming popular. In such an airtight house, since the ventilation amount is generally insufficient only by natural ventilation, it is necessary to perform the whole building planned ventilation in which the routes of intake and exhaust are clearly defined by a machine or the like.

[0003] Conventionally, for example, an actual building ventilation structure applied to a detached airtight house is,
Ventilation structure and utility model registration No. 100058
There is a ventilation structure related to No. 4. Among these conventional techniques, the former technique, that is, the entire building ventilation structure described in the publication, is provided with a branch pipe having a plurality of suction ports on the suction side of a single ventilation fan, and opening / closing control is performed at each suction port of the branch pipe. A branch damper is provided, and each suction port is connected to a ventilation port provided in each room in the house through a duct. The latter technology, that is, the ventilation structure for the entire utility model registration, as shown in FIG. 7, has one central exhaust fan (master fan) 2 installed on the ceiling of the upper corridor 1 and the attic 3 Is used as a duct, and the exhaust louver 4, etc.
By providing 4, the whole building is ventilated through the external gaps of the living rooms 5, 6, ... And the gaps of the doors 7, 7, .. is there.

[0004]

However, in the conventional ventilation structure described in the official gazette, since the duct must be passed through each living room, the material cost and the construction cost are very high, and the ventilation structure can be used for an existing house. If you try to incorporate it, it will be a huge remodeling work. Moreover, even if it is attempted to apply the same ventilation structure to a building unit that has been mass-produced in a factory in the past, the conventional building unit is not generally designed in consideration of an optional duct arrangement, and therefore It is very difficult to secure a duct space in the building unit of.

On the other hand, the conventional ventilation structure related to utility model registration, that is, the system in which the central exhaust fan 2 is installed only on the ceiling of the upper floor corridor 1 does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks, but has the following disadvantages. Has been pointed out. That is, when the temperature inside the house is higher than the temperature outside, especially during heating in the winter when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is 20 degrees or more, sufficient ventilation is obtained in the living room on the upper floor (see Fig. 7). If this happens, problems such as dew condensation on the window glass, air pollution, and oxygen deficiency will occur in the living room on the upper floor.

The reason why such a situation can occur is as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 8, let us consider a house before the central exhaust fan is installed. In this house, because it is in the winter and heating now, if the temperature inside the house is higher than the outside and there is a temperature difference between the inside and outside, the warm indoor air A has a specific gravity higher than that of the low temperature outdoor air B. Since it is light, as shown by the arrow ← in FIG. 9, the pressure of the outdoor air B is higher than that of the indoor air A in the lower floor of the house. On the other hand, in the upper floor of the house, due to the buoyancy acting on the warm and light air A over the upper and lower floors, the arrow in the figure →
As shown by, the pressure of the indoor air A is higher than that of the outdoor air B. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, low-temperature outdoor air B flows in through the gaps between the living rooms 5 on the lower floor, and the warm air A on the lower floor rises in the stairwell 8 of the stairs 8 due to buoyancy ( Chimney effect), enter each living room 6 on the upper floor. Then, it goes out through the external gap.
Even if it is an airtight house, such natural ventilation is not sufficient because there is no outside gap.

Next, consider a case where the centralized exhaust fan 2 is installed on the ceiling of the upper corridor 1 (see FIG. 7) for the house (FIG. 8). In a house after the central exhaust fan is installed, if the central exhaust fan 2 is in operation during heating in winter, the inside of the house will have negative pressure, so the vertical pressure distribution around the outer wall of the house is as shown in FIG. In addition, the pressure difference between the outdoor air B and the indoor air A changes in the increasing direction in the lower floor of the house and in the decreasing direction in the upper floor of the house. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, most of the indoor air A exhausted from the central exhaust fan 2 is discharged from each living room 5 on the lower floor and rises up the stair 8 through the blow-through space. In the living rooms 6 and 6 on the upper floor, there is almost no ventilation. Such inconveniences occur remarkably during heating in the winter when the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is large. Can occur at high temperatures.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and is a detached house capable of exchanging a proper amount of dirty air in all the rooms of an airtight house with clean air outdoors even by the simple construction even during heating and cooling. The purpose is to provide an entire building ventilation structure.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is such that the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected to each other via the stairwell space, and the external clearance area is relative to the floor area. A ventilation structure for a two-story detached house with a reduced number of units, which is provided for each living room on the lower floor and is used to supply outdoor air to the living room. A first ventilation gap or vent for discharging the air in the living room to the lower floor corridor, and provided for each living room on the upper floor. A second ventilation gap or vent for supplying the air in the upper corridor to the living room and each of the living rooms on the upper floor for discharging the air in the living room to the attic. A third ventilation gap or vent and the back of the hut provided to exhaust the air from the hut to the outside. An exhaust port of the fit, provided on the exhaust port or near, is characterized by comprising an exhaust fan for forcibly discharged outdoors the attic air.

The invention according to claim 2 is a two-story door constructed such that the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected through the stairwell space and the external clearance area is reduced with respect to the floor area. A ventilation structure for the entire building, which is provided for each living room on the lower floor and has a first air supply port for supplying outdoor air to the living room and each of the living rooms on the lower floor. First ventilation gap or vent provided for each living room to discharge air in the living room to the corridor in the lower floor and each living room on the upper floor to supply outdoor air to the living room. A second air supply port with an air supply fan for controlling the air flow rate, and a second ventilation gap provided for each of the above-mentioned living rooms on the upper floor for discharging the air in the living room to the corridor on the upper floor or The air vent and the ceiling of the upper floor corridor or stairs are provided to allow air from the upper floor corridor or stairwell space A third ventilation gap or vent for output, provided in the attic, an exhaust port for discharging air 該小Ya back outdoors, exhaust port, or the third
And an exhaust fan for forcibly exhausting the air in the attic above to the outside or the air in the space through the upper floor corridor or stairs to the attic. There is.

The invention according to claim 3 is the whole building ventilation structure for a detached house according to claim 2, which is installed at a predetermined place in the detached house and detects an indoor temperature to detect an indoor temperature. An indoor temperature sensor that outputs a detection signal, an outdoor temperature sensor that is installed at a predetermined location around the outside of the above-mentioned detached house, detects an outdoor temperature, and outputs an outdoor temperature detection signal, and is supplied from the indoor temperature sensor Based on the indoor temperature detection signal and the outdoor temperature detection signal supplied from the outdoor temperature sensor, it is determined whether the room temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, and the determination result that the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature is obtained. At this time, the air supply fan is put into an operating state, and, on the other hand, when it is determined that the temperature in the room is not higher than the temperature outside, a control means for controlling the operation of the air supply fan is stopped. Air supply fan equipped with It is characterized in that the operating device is added.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 is a two-story structure in which the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected through the stairwell space and the external clearance area is reduced with respect to the floor area. A whole building ventilation structure for a detached house, which is provided at a predetermined location on the lower floor and has a first exhaust port with an exhaust fan for forcibly exhausting the air on the lower floor,
When the first exhaust port with the exhaust fan is provided in any living room, it is provided for each living room on the lower floor except the living room, and supplies outdoor air to the living room. A first air supply port for controlling the living room and each of the living rooms on the lower floor to discharge the air in the living room to the lower floor corridor and supply the air in the lower floor to the arbitrary living room. First to do
Ventilation gap or vent, a second air supply port provided for each living room on the upper floor and having an air supply fan for supplying outdoor air to the living room, and the above-mentioned upper floor. A second ventilation gap or vent provided for each living room to discharge the air in the living room to the upper floor corridor, and a ceiling part of the upper floor corridor or stairs, and the upper floor corridor or stairs. A third ventilation gap or vent for discharging the air in the blow-through space to the back of the hut, and a second exhaust port provided in the back of the hut for discharging the air in the back of the house to the outside. It is characterized by being prepared.

[0013]

According to the invention described in claim 1, in an airtight house having almost no extra external gap, when the exhaust fan installed in the exhaust port of the attic starts to operate, the air in the attic is forced by mechanical force. Is discharged outdoors. As a result, the air behind the hut becomes a negative pressure, so the air in each living room on the upper floor flows into the hut. When the air in each living room on the upper floor becomes a negative pressure, the air in each living room on the lower floor exits through the first ventilation gap or vent into the corridor on the lower floor, rises up the stairwell space, and Reach the hallway. Then, it flows into each living room on the upper floor. Along with this, the air in each living room on the lower floor also has a negative pressure, so that fresh outdoor air flows into each living room on the lower floor from each air supply port. In this way, while the exhaust fan is operating, the outdoor direction → each living room on the lower floor → the lower corridor → the stairwell space → the upper corridor → each living room on the upper floor → the attic → the outdoor flow is forward A ventilation path is formed to ventilate all the rooms in the house. According to the configuration of claim 1, the ventilation gap or the ventilation hole communicating with the back of the hut is provided not on the ceiling of the upper floor corridor but on the ceiling of each living room on the upper floor, and the exhaust fan is further provided in the hut. Since it was installed in the exhaust port on the back,
Regardless of whether it is during air conditioning or heating, planned ventilation is performed throughout the building, with each living room on the upper floor included in the ventilation path.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in an airtight house, when the exhaust fan installed in the ceiling of the upper corridor starts operation, the air in the upper corridor is sucked into the exhaust fan. , It is discharged to the outside via the attic.
As a result, the air in the upper floor corridor becomes a negative pressure, so the air in each living room on the lower floor is sucked into the lower floor corridor, and rises up the stairwell space to the ceiling of the upper floor corridor. Reach Along with this, the air in each living room on the lower floor also becomes a negative pressure, so fresh air outdoors from the first air supply port provided for each living room on the lower floor reaches each living room on the lower floor. Pour in. On the other hand, when the air in the upper floor corridor becomes negative pressure, the air in each living room on the upper floor is also sucked into the upper floor corridor. Along with this, the air in each living room on the upper floor also becomes a negative pressure, so fresh fresh air from the second air supply port provided for each living room on the upper floor reaches each living room on the upper floor. Pour in. In this way, while the exhaust fan is operating, outdoor → each living room on the lower floor → lower floor corridor → stairwell space → upper floor corridor → back room → ventilation path with forward flow and outdoor → upper Each living room on the floor → upper floor corridor → back of the hut → ventilation path with the outdoor flow in the forward direction is formed to ventilate all the rooms.

However, as described above, when the temperature of the room is higher than that of the outdoors (especially during heating in winter), a situation may occur in which sufficient ventilation cannot be obtained in each living room on the upper floor. . When such a situation occurs, the air supply fan installed in each living room on the upper floor is driven to forcefully take in fresh air outdoors. As a result, the air in the living room on the upper floor has a high pressure with respect to the upper corridor side, and thus flows out into the upper corridor. Then, there, it is sucked into the exhaust fan on the ceiling and discharged outside via the attic. In addition, even when the heating fan is not heated, the load on the exhaust fan can be reduced by driving the air supply fan in each living room on the upper floor, and the ventilation amount can be increased.

In the invention according to claim 3, the invention according to claim 2
In an airtight house to which the entire building ventilation structure is applied, the air supply fan automatic operation device constantly monitors the indoor and outdoor temperatures, and when the room temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the air supply to each living room on the upper floor is performed. On the other hand, when the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor temperature, the air supply fan is controlled to stop while the air supply fan is in the operating state. With this configuration, the air supply fan is automatically operated based on the indoor / outdoor temperature environment, so ventilation control is easy, reliable, and safe.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4, in an airtight house, when the exhaust fan installed in, for example, the kitchen on the lower floor starts operating, the air in the kitchen is forcibly discharged to the outside. As a result, the air in the kitchen becomes a negative pressure, so that the air in each living room other than the kitchen on the lower floor is sucked into the lower corridor and then into the kitchen. Along with this, the air in the living rooms other than the kitchen on the lower floor also has a negative pressure, so that fresh outdoor air flows into these living rooms from the first air supply port. In this way, while the exhaust fan is operating, a ventilation path is formed that directs the flow from the outside to each living room other than the kitchen on the lower floor, the corridor on the lower floor, the kitchen, and the outdoor, thus ventilating all rooms on the lower floor. Done. On the other hand, when the air supply fan installed in each living room on the upper floor starts operating, fresh outdoor air flows into each living room on the upper floor from the second air supply port. As a result, the air in each living room on the upper floor has a high pressure against the corridor on the upper floor, so it flows out into the corridor on the upper floor, where it is sucked by the exhaust fan on the ceiling and discharged to the outside via the attic. To be done. With this configuration, the load on each fan can be reduced, and the ventilation amount can be increased.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic structure of a two-story detached unit house in which the whole building ventilation structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is embodied, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the unit, specifically, a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation path in the unit house. The whole building ventilation structure of the present invention is premised on being embodied in a two-story detached airtight house, and such an airtight house can of course be formed by a conventional construction method, but it can be a unit house. For example, since a high-quality airtight house can be stably obtained, in the following examples, the case where the whole building ventilation structure of the present invention is embodied in a unit building will be described.

First, an outline of an airtight unit house will be described with reference to FIG. In order to increase the industrial production rate of a building, a unit housing is a building in which one housing is divided into several units in advance and factory-produced, and these are constructed / assembled at a construction site. The units that make up the unit building are the living room of the house, the dining room,
Housing units 5a, 6a, etc., which make up each living room such as a bedroom, children's room, corridor on the upper and lower floors, and staircases,
Roof units 3a, 3b, 3 forming the roof part of the building
c, ... Assemble the housing units 5a, 5 first.
, b, 5c, ... are installed on the foundation and connected to each other to form the lower floor of the house consisting of living rooms 5, 5, ..., stairs 8 and lower corridor, and then on the upper part of the lower floor. Housing unit 6
a, 6b, 6c, ... are stacked and connected to each other to form an upper floor part of a house including living rooms 6, 6 and upper corridor 1, and roof units 3a, 3 are provided above the upper floor part.
This is done by mounting b, 3c, ... And connecting them to each other. Here, in the unit housing according to this embodiment, as shown in the figure, a corridor passes through the center of the housing, and the lower floor corridor and the upper floor corridor 1 are connected via the stairwell space of the stairs 8. Between these corridors and the living rooms 5, 6, ..., There are doorways that can be opened and closed by doors 7, 7 ,. Note that, in FIG. 1, the same reference numerals are given to the respective units corresponding to the respective units shown in FIG. 7, and the description thereof will be simplified.

In the above-mentioned housing units 5a, 6a, ..., large beams made of channel steel are bridged between the upper and lower ends of columns at four corners made of rectangular steel pipes, and a plurality of small beams are bridged between the large beams. A box-shaped steel skeleton is formed, multiple studs (studs) are attached to this steel skeleton, and there are no gaps such as knot holes in the floor, outer wall, or ceiling. Panel material is attached. In the housing units 5a, 6a, ..., Outer wall portions 51a, 51
b, ... are a plurality of studs that are erected at predetermined intervals,
Hard wood chip cement board or AL attached to the outside of the stud
It is roughly composed of an outer wall panel material such as C plate and an inner wall panel material such as gypsum board attached to the inside of the stud, and a heat insulating material such as glass wool is filled between the outer wall panel material and the inner wall panel material. ing. A gasket is inserted in the joint gap between the outer wall panel material and the outer wall panel material to prevent rain and wind from entering the house through the joint gap. The outer wall portions 51a, 51b, ... Are provided with window openings K, K, .., and entrance openings as needed, and a gap is provided between the movable doors and between the doors and the fitting frame. To prevent this from happening, a packing material is attached to the peripheral edge of the door and fitting frame. In addition, also in the floor portion and the ceiling portion, a heat insulating material is laid on the lower surface of the floor panel material and the upper surface of the ceiling panel material. Also,
The roof unit includes eaves side roof units 3a and 3c.
And a ridge side roof unit 3b, and the eaves side roof units 3a and 3c are attached to one roof panel, a pair of truss beams supporting both gable side ends of the roof panel, and each gable truss. The ridge-side roof unit 3b includes two roof panels, a pair of gable trusses for supporting both gable side ends of the roof panels, and a gable small wall panel and an eaves ceiling panel. It is roughly composed of a small wall panel attached to the wife truss and a purlin.

Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the whole building ventilation structure of the first embodiment will be described. In the unit house having the above-described configuration, the open / close air supply port Ha for supplying the fresh outdoor air B to the living room 5 is provided on the outer wall portion 51a of each living room 5 on the lower floor ( The air supply port Ha is previously formed in a factory by punching at a predetermined location of the corresponding outer wall portion 51a at the time of manufacturing a housing unit). Also,
The ceiling of each living room 6 on the upper floor is provided with an openable / closable ceiling vent Hb for discharging the air A of the living room 6 to the attic 3 (note that in the first embodiment, this is not the case). , Each living room 6 on the upper floor is not provided with an air supply port Ha for directly taking in outdoor air). Further, doors 7, 7, ... Are undercut or side-cut at the entrances and exits provided in the partition walls on the corridor side of each of the living rooms 5, 6 on the upper and lower floors, so that the doors 7, 7 ,. Ventilation gaps are formed between them. Furthermore, in the central part of the roof small wall,
A ventilation gallery G is provided, and a central exhaust fan (master fan) 2 for forcibly discharging the air in the attic 3 to the outside is installed in the ventilation gallery G. The central exhaust fan 2 is remotely operated by a switch (not shown) installed in a predetermined living room 5 on the lower floor (the ventilation louver and the central exhaust fan 2 are preliminarily used on the ridge side in the factory). It is assembled when the roof unit 3b is manufactured). It should be noted that the back of the cottage 3 is not provided with an unnecessary external gap except for the opening of the ventilation gallery G.

When the central exhaust fan 2 installed in the ventilation gallery G starts operation by turning on a switch (not shown) in the whole building ventilation structure having the above-mentioned structure, the air in the attic 3 is forced outside. Is discharged. As a result, 3
, The air A of the living rooms 6, 6, ... on the upper floor flows into the attic 3 from the ceiling ventilation port Hb as shown in FIG. When the air A in each living room 6 on the upper floor becomes a negative pressure, the air A in each living room 5 on the lower floor exits through the gap between the doors 7 into the corridor on the lower floor and rises up the stairwell 8 to the upper space. Reach corridor 1. Then, it flows into each living room 6 on the upper floor.
Along with this, the air A in each living room 6 on the lower floor also becomes a negative pressure, so that fresh air B outside from the individual air supply ports Ha, Ha, ... It flows into ... In this way, while the central exhaust fan 2 is operating, it is outdoors → each living room 5 on the lower floor → lower corridor → stairwell 8 stairwell → upper corridor 1 → each living room 6 on the upper floor → attic 3 → outdoor A ventilation path with the flow in the forward direction is formed to ventilate all the rooms in the house.

An air conditioner (heat controller) is not shown in each living room in FIG. 2, but if necessary,
It is of course possible to install an individual type air conditioner or a multi-room multi type air conditioner, and the above ventilation path does not change even during the air conditioning heating / heating operation. Moreover, as described above, the unit housing according to this embodiment is constructed so that there are almost no useless gaps, and therefore unnecessary ventilation is hardly performed.
Since it has a high heat insulation structure, heat exchange with outdoor air can be suppressed as much as possible. Therefore, even if temperature control is performed using a conventional air conditioner, power consumption is not wasted.

As described above, according to the configuration of the first embodiment, the ceiling vents Hb are provided not on the ceiling of the upper corridor but on the ceiling of each living room 6 on the upper floor, and further the central exhaust is provided. Since the fan 2 is installed in the ventilation gallery G of the attic 3, the planned ventilation including the living rooms 6 on the upper floor in the ventilation path is performed regardless of whether the room is heating or cooling. Also,
In the summer, the heat stored in the back of the hut can be discharged. In addition, since no duct is used, construction is easy and it can be easily incorporated into an existing house.

Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 3
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration and a ventilation path of a two-story detached unit house in which a whole building ventilation structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention is embodied. Since the floor plan of the unit house according to the second embodiment is the same as the floor plan of the unit house according to the first embodiment (FIG. 1), the same reference numerals are given to the parts corresponding to the components of the first embodiment. The description is omitted. The whole structure of the ventilation system of the second embodiment is largely different from that of the first embodiment described above, as shown in FIG.
In addition, each living room 6 on the upper floor is also provided with an air supply port Hc on the outer wall portion 51b, and an air supply fan 9 is installed on each air supply port Hc so that the outdoor air B is directly connected to each living room 6 on the upper floor. Second, in place of the ceiling vents Hb (FIG. 2) of each living room 6 on the upper floor, a ceiling vent Hd is provided in the upper corridor 1 and the central exhaust fan 2 is installed in the shed. This is the point where the ventilation galleries G on the back 3 are moved to this ceiling vent Hd. The air supply fans 9, 9,
Is a manually operated type, and is also equipped with a mechanism for adjusting the wind speed (air supply amount). Further, each air supply port Hc functions as a simple air intake port when the air supply fan 9 is stopped.

Next, referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the whole building ventilation structure of this example will be described. (A) When the temperature inside the house is lower than the temperature outside For example, during summer cooling when the temperature inside the house is lower than the temperature outside, only the centralized exhaust fan 2 in the upper corridor 1 is in operation and each living room on the upper floor The air supply fan 9 of 6 is stopped. In this state, the mechanical force of the centralized exhaust fan 2 causes the air A in the upper corridor 1 to be sucked into the centralized exhaust fan 2 and discharged to the outside via the attic 3. As a result, the air A in the upper floor corridor 1 has a negative pressure, and as shown in the figure, the air A in each living room 5 on the lower floor is sucked into the lower floor corridor. Then, it rises in the stairwell 8 and reaches the ceiling of the upper corridor 1. Along with this, each living room 5 on the lower floor
Since the air A in the air also has a negative pressure, the individual air supply ports Ha, Ha,
From outside, fresh air B flows into each living room 5, 5, ... on the lower floor. On the other hand, when the air A in the upper floor corridor 1 becomes a negative pressure, the air A in each living room 6 on the upper floor is also sucked into the upper floor corridor 1. Along with this, the air A in each living room 6 on the upper floor
Since the negative pressure is also generated, the fresh air B outside from the individual air supply ports Hc, Hc, ...
Flow into. Thus, during operation of the central exhaust fan 2,
Outdoor → each living room 5 on the lower floor → corridor on the lower floor → stairwell space of stairs 8 → corridor 1 on the upper floor → attic 3 → ventilation path with outdoor flow in the forward direction and each living room 6 on the upper floor → Upstairs corridor 1 →
Attic 3 is formed to form a ventilation path in which the outdoor flow is in the forward direction to ventilate all the rooms in the house.

(B) When the temperature inside the house is higher than the temperature outside (part 1) For example, during heating in the winter when the temperature inside the house is higher than that outdoors, the central exhaust fan 2 in the upper floor corridor 1 is set to the operating state. At the same time, the air supply fan 9 of each living room 6 on the upper floor is also in an operating state so that fresh outdoor air B is introduced by mechanical force. By doing this, the air A in each living room 6 on the upper floor
Is higher than the upper corridor 1 side, so the upper corridor 1
To the side, where it is sucked into the concentrated exhaust fan 2 on the ceiling. Then, it is discharged to the outside via the attic 3. Therefore, if the indoor temperature continues to be higher than the outdoor temperature, it is possible to avoid the situation where the air A in the living room on the upper floor tends to stagnate (a problem with the conventional technique).

(C) When the temperature inside the house is higher than that of the outdoors (part 2) Even in the summer, for example, from night to dawn, the outdoor air B is cooled by heat radiation, but it is highly airtight and highly heat-insulated. In a room with a structure, the heat generated by people in the room and the heat generated by rice cookers, home appliances, and the like stays in the outdoors without escaping, so the outdoor temperature may drop below the indoor temperature. During the ventilation operation in such a case, if an operation of increasing (increasing) the wind speed (supply air volume) of the air supply fan 9 is performed, a large amount of cold outdoor air B flows into each living room 6 on the upper floor. So comfortable. In addition, when the inside / outside temperature difference such as (c) occurs during the cooling operation of the air conditioner C (FIG. 3), the air supply fan 9 is also similarly operated.
If the operation for increasing (increasing) the wind speed (supply air volume) is performed, the air conditioning load can be reduced, and the waste of power can be prevented.

As described above, according to the configuration of the second embodiment, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effects as those described above in the first embodiment. In addition, by operating the air supply fan provided in each living room on the upper floor, the burden on the central exhaust fan and the air conditioner can be reduced.

Third Embodiment Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 4
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a mechanical structure of a ventilation fan applied to a ventilation structure for a whole building according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the ventilation fan. The entire building ventilation structure of the third embodiment is similar to that of the second embodiment described above, but instead of the manually operated air supply fan 9 (FIG. 3), it is automatically operated based on the indoor / outdoor temperature environment. This is different from the second embodiment in that an air supply fan device 9a having a function of starting / stopping the operation is used. As shown in FIG. 4, the air supply fan device 9a of this embodiment is an axial-flow type fan that connects a propeller 911 and a motor 912 directly to each other and fixes them to a frame 913 to blow air (air supply) in the axial direction. The main body 91 and the indoor side wall surface of the outer wall portion 51b are attached to the indoor temperature sensor 92 which detects the indoor air temperature and outputs an indoor temperature detection signal, and the outdoor side wall surface of the outer wall portion 51b. An outdoor temperature sensor 93 that detects and outputs an outdoor temperature detection signal and a control unit 94 that automatically controls the driving of the motor while monitoring the indoor and outdoor temperature environments are roughly configured. The fan body 91
Is fixed by fitting the frame body 913 to the air supply port Hc of each living room 6 on the upper floor, and the indoor side open end of the frame body 913 is covered with a freely openable louver 95. An insect repellent net 96 is attached to the outer open end. In addition, in order to prevent rainwater from entering the room through the air supply port Hc, the outdoor end of the air supply port Hc is covered with a hood 97.

As shown in FIG. 5, the control section 94 has amplifier circuits 941 and 942 for amplifying the indoor temperature detection signal and the outdoor temperature detection signal supplied from the indoor temperature sensor 92 and the outdoor temperature sensor 93, and these. Amplifier circuits 941 and 942
Comparing the indoor temperature detection signal and the outdoor temperature detection signal amplified in, when the signal level of the indoor temperature detection signal is higher than that of the outdoor temperature detection signal, the operation signal is output, in the opposite case, Comparing circuit 94 that outputs a stop signal
3 and a drive circuit 944 for driving the motor when receiving the supply of the operation signal from the comparison circuit 943 and stopping the motor when receiving the supply of the stop signal.

In the above structure, the room temperature sensor 92
Constantly detects the indoor temperature and sends an indoor temperature detection signal to the control unit 94. The outdoor temperature sensor 93 constantly detects the outdoor temperature and sends an outdoor temperature detection signal to the control unit 94. (D) When the temperature inside the house is lower than the temperature outside For example, when the inside of the house is being cooled in the summer and the temperature inside the house is lower than the temperature outside, the indoor temperature sensor 92 The indoor temperature detection signal (electrical signal) corresponding to the cooled air is output, and the outdoor temperature sensor 93 outputs the outdoor temperature detection signal (electrical signal) corresponding to the warm outdoor air. These detection signals are sent to the control unit 9
4 is first amplified by the amplification circuits 941 and 942 with a predetermined amplification degree, and then compared with each other in the comparison circuit 943. Now, since the signal level of the indoor temperature detection signal is lower than that of the outdoor temperature detection signal, the stop signal is output from the comparison circuit 943 and supplied to the drive circuit 944. The drive circuit 944 keeps the fan main body 91 in the stopped state while receiving the stop signal from the comparison circuit 943. In this state, the explanation of the operation of "(a) When the temperature inside the house is lower than the temperature outside" in the second embodiment (Fig. 3)
The whole building is ventilated in the same way as described above.

(E) When the temperature inside the house is higher than the temperature outside. On the other hand, when the temperature inside the house is higher than the temperature outside, for example, during the winter cooling, the indoor temperature sensor 92
Outputs an indoor temperature detection signal corresponding to warmed air in the house, and an outdoor temperature sensor 93 outputs an outdoor temperature detection signal corresponding to outdoor cold air.
When these detection signals are input to the control unit 94, they are first amplified by the amplification circuits 941 and 942 with a predetermined amplification degree, and then compared with each other in the comparison circuit 943. Now, since the signal level of the indoor temperature detection signal is higher than that of the outdoor temperature detection signal, the operation signal is output from the comparison circuit 943 and supplied to the drive circuit 944. The drive circuit 944 keeps the fan main body 91 in an operating state while receiving the operation signal from the comparison circuit 943. In this state, the whole building ventilation similar to that described in the explanation of the operation of "(b) When the temperature inside the house is higher than the outside (No. 1)" of the second embodiment (Fig. 3) is performed.

According to the structure of the third embodiment, the air supply fan is automatically operated based on the indoor / outdoor temperature environment, so that ventilation control is easy, reliable, and safe.

Fourth Embodiment Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. Figure 6
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration and a ventilation path of a two-story detached unit house in which a whole building ventilation structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is embodied. In the whole building ventilation structure of the fourth embodiment, in the second embodiment described above, the air supply ports Ha, Ha, ... Provided in all the living rooms 5, 5, ... On the lower floor.
In (Fig. 3), the air supply port of the kitchen, which is an arbitrary room on the lower floor, is abolished. Instead, as shown in FIG. 6, an exhaust port He with an exhaust fan 2a is provided on the outer wall portion 51a of the kitchen 5a to forcibly discharge the air A on the lower floor to the outside. Since the exhaust fan 2a is provided on the lower floor, the exhaust fan 2 on the ceiling of the upper corridor 1 is also provided.
b may have a lower power than the concentrated exhaust fan 2 of the second embodiment.

In the above structure, when the exhaust fan 2a of the kitchen 5a on the lower floor starts to operate, the air A in the kitchen 5a becomes
It is forcibly discharged outdoors from the exhaust port He. As a result,
Since the air A in the kitchen 5a has a negative pressure, the air A in each living room 5 other than the kitchen 5a on the lower floor is sucked into the kitchen 5a after being sucked into the corridor on the lower floor. Along with this, the air in each living room 5 other than the kitchen 5a on the lower floor also has a negative pressure, so that fresh outdoor air B flows into these living rooms 5 from the air supply port Ha. In this way, while the exhaust fan 2a is operating, the outside → each living room 5 except the kitchen 5a on the lower floor → the corridor on the lower floor → the kitchen 5
a → An air flow path is formed with the outdoor flow as the forward direction,
Ventilation is performed in all rooms on the lower floor.

On the other hand, when the air supply fan 9 installed in each living room 6 on the upper floor starts to operate,
Fresh outdoor air B flows in from the air supply port Hc.
As a result, the air A in each living room 6 on the upper floor has a high pressure to the upper corridor 1 side, so it flows out to the upper corridor 1, where it is sucked into the central exhaust fan 2b in the ceiling, and It is forcibly discharged from the ventilation gallery G of 3 to the outside. This fourth
According to the configuration of the embodiment, the load on each fan can be reduced, and the ventilation amount can be increased.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific structure is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention. Also included in the present invention. For example, a washroom, a storage room, a staircase, etc. are not living rooms, but as long as they do not particularly affect the ventilation path of all rooms passing through each living room described above,
A ventilation structure similar to that of a living room can be used. on the other hand,
Bathrooms and toilets are designed to eliminate the effects of moisture, etc.
It goes without saying that the ventilation structure is independent as usual. Further, as in the case of the relationship between the kitchen and the living room in general, when the two living rooms adjacent to each other are always open and there is little independence, the present invention uses these two living rooms. Think of a room as a living room. Therefore, the air supply port may be provided in either one of the living rooms.
Further, when the living room not facing the corridor is always in a sufficient ventilation state with the living room facing the adjacent corridor, in the present invention, these two living rooms are combined into one living room. I think. In addition, in the above-described embodiment, by undercutting or side-cutting the door, a case was described in which a gap for ventilation was provided between the door and the fitting frame, but instead of this, or, In addition to this,
The partition wall between each living room and the corridor may be provided with a vent or a ventilation gallery, or a door may be provided with a ventilation gallery. Further, the ventilation louver at the back of the hut is not limited to one, but a plurality of ventilation louvers may be provided.

Further, in the above-described first embodiment, each living room on the upper floor is not provided with an air supply port for directly taking in outdoor air, but an air supply port is provided as an emergency. May be. Further, in the above-mentioned second embodiment, the case where the centralized exhaust fan is installed in the ceiling portion of the upper corridor has been described, but instead of this, it may be installed in the ventilation gallery in the attic. However, if there are a plurality of ventilation louvers, it is meaningless to install a central exhaust fan in one ventilation louver. In such a case, it is necessary to install an exhaust fan in every ventilation gallery. Further, in the above-described second embodiment, the ceiling portion is provided in the upper corridor, but instead of this, the ceiling portion may be provided directly above the stairwell space.

Further, in the above-described third embodiment, the case where the control unit of the air supply fan device is configured by hardware has been described, but it may be configured by software. Also,
In the above-mentioned fourth embodiment, the case where the exhaust fan for the lower floor is provided in the kitchen has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be a washroom, a corridor on the lower floor, or any other location.
Further, the exhaust fan for the lower floor is not limited to a single location, but may be installed in a plurality of locations, such as a kitchen and a washroom. A range hood fan can be used as a substitute for the kitchen exhaust fan.

[0041]

As described above, according to the whole house ventilation structure for a detached house of the present invention, the ventilation gaps or vents leading to the back of the hut are not provided in the ceiling part of the upper floor corridor, but in each of the upper floors. It was installed in the ceiling of the living room, and an exhaust fan was installed in the exhaust port at the back of the hut, so regardless of whether it is heating or cooling, each living room on the upper floor is also included in the ventilation path. Planned ventilation for the entire building. In addition, in the summer, the heat stored in the back of the hut is discharged to the outside, and the intrusion (flow-through) under the ceiling is suppressed to a small level, so that the cooling load does not become excessive. Therefore, power consumption during cooling can be reduced. In addition, since no duct is used, construction is easy and it can be easily incorporated into an existing house.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a two-story detached unit house in which an entire building ventilation structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention is embodied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment, specifically, a cross-sectional view showing a ventilation path in the unit house.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration and a ventilation path of a two-story detached unit house in which an entire building ventilation structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention is embodied.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing details of a ventilation fan applied to a ventilation structure for a whole building which is a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the ventilation fan.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration and a ventilation path of a two-story detached unit house in which a whole building ventilation structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is embodied.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional ventilation structure and ventilation path of a two-story detached house.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique and is a diagram showing a ventilation path.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique, and is a diagram showing a vertical pressure distribution caused by an inside / outside temperature difference.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a conventional technique, and is a diagram showing a vertical pressure distribution caused by an internal / external temperature difference and an operation of a concentrated exhaust fan.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Upper floor corridor 2 Concentrated exhaust fan (exhaust fan) 3 Attic 5 Lower living room 6 Upper living room 8 Stairs 9 Air supply fan (air supply fan) 9a Air supply fan device (air supply fan) And an air supply fan automatic operation device) 92 Indoor temperature sensor (part of the air supply fan automatic operation device) 93 Outdoor temperature sensor (part of the air supply fan automatic operation device) 94 Control unit (Control means, part of automatic air supply fan operation device) A Indoor air B Outdoor air Ha Air supply port (first air supply port) Hb, Hd Ceiling ventilation port (Third ventilation gap or ventilation) Mouth) Hc Air supply port (second air supply port) G Ventilation louver (exhaust port, second air exhaust port) 5a Kitchen (predetermined location on the lower floor, any living room on the lower floor) He exhaust port (No. 1 exhaust port) 2a exhaust fan (exhaust fan)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A two-story detached house for which the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected via the stairwell space and the area of the floor space that leads to the outside is reduced The whole building has a ventilation structure, which is provided for each living room on the lower floor, and has an air supply port for supplying outdoor air to the living room, and for each living room on the lower floor. First to discharge air into the lower floor corridor
A second ventilation gap and a second ventilation space provided for each living room on the upper floor to supply the air in the corridor on the upper floor to the living room.
Ventilation gaps or vents, and third ventilation gaps or vents provided for each of the living rooms on the upper floor and for discharging the air in the living rooms to the attic, and provided at the attic And an exhaust port for exhausting the air in the attic to the outside, and the exhaust port or provided in the vicinity thereof,
An entire building ventilation structure for a detached house, comprising an exhaust fan for forcibly discharging the air in the attic outside. 2. For a two-story detached house in which the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected via the stairwell space and the area of the space leading to the outside is reduced with respect to the floor area. A ventilation structure for the whole building, which is provided for each living room on the lower floor, and is provided for each living room on the lower floor with a first air supply port for supplying outdoor air to the living room, A first ventilation gap or vent for discharging the air in the living room to the corridor on the lower floor, and air supply provided for each living room on the upper floor to supply outdoor air to the living room. A second air supply port with a fan for ventilation, and a second ventilation gap or vent provided for each of the living rooms on the upper floor for discharging the air in the living room to the corridor on the upper floor. It is installed in the ceiling of the corridor or stairs, and is used to discharge the air in the upper space of the corridor or stairwell to the attic. A ventilation gap or an exhaust port for exhausting the air in the back of the house to the outdoors, and the exhaust port or the third vent for providing air to the outside of the hut. Ventilation structure for a detached house, characterized in that it is provided with an exhaust fan for forcibly exhausting the air of the above to the outside or the air in the space of the upper floor corridor or stairwell. 3. An indoor temperature sensor which is installed at a predetermined location in the detached house and detects an indoor temperature and outputs an indoor temperature detection signal, and an indoor temperature sensor which is installed at a predetermined location outside the detached house. An outdoor temperature sensor that detects an outdoor temperature and outputs an outdoor temperature detection signal; and an indoor temperature detection signal that is supplied from the indoor temperature sensor and an outdoor temperature detection signal that is supplied from the outdoor temperature sensor. Is higher than the outdoor temperature, and if it is determined that the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the air supply fan is set to the operating state, while the indoor temperature is lower than the outdoor temperature. 3. When the determination result is obtained, an air supply fan automatic operation device including a control means for controlling to stop the operation of the air supply fan is added. All of the listed detached houses Ventilation structure. 4. For a two-story detached house in which the corridors on the upper and lower floors are connected via the stairwell space and the area of the gap leading to the outside is reduced with respect to the floor area. A ventilation structure for the whole building, which is provided at a predetermined location on the lower floor and has a first exhaust port with an exhaust fan for forcibly exhausting the air on the lower floor, and a first exhaust port with the exhaust fan. When the exhaust port is provided in any living room, it is provided for each living room on the lower floor except the living room, and is the first air supply port for supplying outdoor air to the living room. And a first ventilation gap provided for each of the living rooms on the lower floor, for discharging the air in the living room to the lower floor corridor and for supplying the air in the lower floor corridor to the arbitrary living room Or, it is provided for each living room on the upper floor with a ventilation port to supply outdoor air to the living room. A second air supply port with an air fan, and a second ventilation gap or vent provided for each of the living rooms on the upper floor for discharging the air in the living room to the corridor on the upper floor, A third ventilation gap or vent provided in the ceiling of the upper floor corridor or stairs and for discharging air in the upper floor corridor or stairwell space to the back of the hut, and the hut provided in the back of the hut An entire building ventilation structure for a detached house, comprising a second exhaust port for discharging the air from the back to the outside.