JP2002001538A - Method and device for welding of multielectrode - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for welding capable of welding with high efficiency and surely welding even at a narrow groove. SOLUTION: A frontward electrode 11 and a rearward electrode 12 are arranged in the frontward and the rearward along a welding direction W, and a large quantity of welding wire is melted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-electrode welding method and a multi-electrode welding apparatus for performing the method, and is particularly suitable for performing welding efficiently.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional welding apparatus, as shown in FIG. 6, an electrode 3 is arranged in a posture perpendicular to a groove 2 formed in a base material 1, and the electrode 3 and the base material 1 are connected to each other. Welding is performed following the groove 2 of the base material 1 while generating an arc between them. Further, usually, so-called arc length control (AVC) for controlling the vertical position of the electrode 3 based on the arc voltage between the base material 1 and the electrode 3 is performed.

[0003]

However, in the conventional welding apparatus described above, since one electrode 3 is used, the upper limit of the usable current is relatively low. Therefore, it is difficult to improve the welding efficiency by a high current value, and there is a problem that many man-hours are required. In order to increase the current by increasing the thickness of the electrode in order to improve the welding efficiency, it is necessary to form the groove 2 of the base material 1 large. However, in the case of the large groove 2, the number of passes is increased, the number of steps is increased, and the cost is likely to be increased.

On the other hand, in order to prevent uneven welding and increase the speed of welding, multi-electrode welding using a plurality of electrodes has been proposed. However, in such multi-electrode welding, conventionally, since a plurality of electrodes are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the welding direction (the width direction of the groove 2), the electrodes are particularly placed in a narrow groove. There was a problem that it was not possible to insert, and it was difficult to perform welding with a narrow groove.

An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-electrode welding method capable of performing high-efficiency welding and reliably performing welding even in a narrow groove in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-electrode welding device that can be implemented accurately.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means. Claim 1
In the present invention described in (1), in a welding method for performing welding while generating an arc following a groove of a base material, a plurality of electrodes are arranged before and after along a welding direction.

As described above, by arranging a plurality of electrodes before and after along the welding direction, it becomes possible to cause a melting reaction at the same time before and after the welding direction, thereby performing welding efficiently. Moreover, even when the groove of the base material is narrow, the front electrode and the rear electrode can be easily inserted into the groove.

According to the present invention, in the multi-electrode welding method according to the first aspect, at least one of a front position of the front electrode, a rear position of the rear electrode, and an intermediate position therebetween. It is characterized in that welding wires are arranged at two or more positions.

As described above, by disposing the welding wire at at least two positions among the front position of the front electrode, the rear position of the rear electrode, and the intermediate position therebetween, a large number of beads are formed at one time. Can be reliably formed,
High-efficiency and high-quality welding can be reliably performed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a welding apparatus for performing welding while generating an arc following a groove of a base material, wherein the welding apparatus includes a plurality of electrodes arranged before and after along a welding direction. Features.

As described above, since the front electrode and the rear electrode are arranged along the welding direction, it is possible to insert the front electrode and the rear electrode into the groove and move each electrode along the groove. Thus, the method according to claim 1 can be properly performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the multi-electrode welding apparatus according to the third aspect, the front position of the front electrode,
The welding wire is arranged at at least two or more positions among a rear position of the rear electrode and an intermediate position therebetween.

[0013] As described above, the welding wire is disposed at at least two or more of the front position of the front electrode, the rear position of the rear electrode, and the intermediate position therebetween.
The method according to claim 2 can be appropriately performed.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a multi-electrode welding apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention,
2 is an explanatory view showing the control contents of the control device, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an electrode positioned at the groove of the base material, FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view showing an arc generation state during welding, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of various combinations of an electrode and a welding wire.

In the method of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a front electrode 11 and a rear electrode 12 are arranged close to each other in front and rear along a welding direction W.
The welding is performed following the groove 21 of the base material 20 while generating arcs 23 and 24 between the base material 20 and the base material 20. Further, the front position of the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12
Of the welding wires 13-1 at the rear position of the
5 are arranged, and the welding wires 13 to 15 are melted to form a bead 22 in the groove 21 of the base material 20, thereby performing a plurality of weldings in one pass.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, a multi-electrode welding apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention comprises a front electrode 11 and a rear electrode 12 and a plurality of welding wires 13 to 15.
It is comprised including.

Each of the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12
The insulating plate 10 is formed in the shape of a tungsten strip.
Are arranged opposite to each other so as to sandwich the insulating plate 10 on both sides. In this case, the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are close to each other so as to be at the front and rear positions along the welding direction (front side paper direction in FIG. 3) W with respect to the groove 21 of the base material 20 during welding. It is arranged. The front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are integrally attached to a torch body (not shown) together with the insulating plate 10.

The front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are
In this example, as shown in FIG. 1, both have a forward inclined electrode structure in which the tips are inclined forward in the welding direction.
Electric power required for welding is supplied independently by welding power supplies 16 and 17. The welding power sources 16 and 17 are connected to the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12, respectively, at the negative electrode, and to the base material 20 at the positive electrodes.

One of the welding wires 13 to 15 is disposed at a position in front of the front electrode 11 so as to face the front electrode 11. Hereinafter, this welding wire 13 is referred to as a front wire 13. Welding wire 1
Reference numeral 4 denotes a front electrode 11 and a rear electrode 1
2 is arranged in a center inclined forward. Hereinafter, this welding wire 14 is referred to as a center wire 14. The welding wire 15 is arranged at a position behind the rear electrode 12 so as to face the rear electrode 12. Hereinafter, this welding wire 15 is referred to as a rear wire 15.

Such a front wire 13 and a center wire 1
4, the rear wire 15 is heated by the wire heating power source 18 during welding. In the case of the present embodiment, the wire superheater 18 has the rear wire 15 connected to its negative electrode and the base material 20 connected to its positive electrode. In FIG. 1, the rear wire 15
, But other welding wires are similarly heated.

On the other hand, each of the electrodes 11, 12 and each of the wires 13 to
15 is controlled by a control device 19 described later. The control device 19 controls the front electrode 1 via the welding power sources 16 and 17.
1, while supplying desired power to each of the rear electrodes 12,
Electric power is supplied to each of the wires 13 to 15 via a wire overheating power supply 18, and each of the wires 13 to 15 is controlled so as to be appropriately sent in a desired amount.
It is configured to control movement of a bogie on which a torch main body having the rear electrode 12 is mounted.

As an example, in the case shown in FIG. 2A, the control device 19 changes the phase of the rear electrode 12 by 180 ° with respect to the current of the front electrode 11 to energize the same, and heats the rear wire 15. Wire current to front electrode 1
1 is supplied in synchronization with the current. At that time, the rear wire 1
5 and the front wire 13 are supplied the same amount, while the supply amount of the center wire 14 is made smaller.

As another example, in the case shown in FIG. 2B, the control device 19 reduces the current to the rear electrode 12 as compared with the current to the front electrode 11, and
The current is supplied with a phase of 180 °. At that time, the supply amount of the front wire 13 and the rear wire 15 is reduced, while the supply amount of the center wire 14 is increased. Further, as shown in the case shown in FIG. 2C, the current supplied to the rear wire 15 is made larger than that of the other wires, and as shown in FIGS. A DC current may be supplied to the rear wire 12 and the rear wire 15. In any case, the control device 19 controls the material of the base material 20,
Alternatively, control set in advance is performed according to the shape of the groove 21 and the welding content.

Next, an embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described in relation to the operation of the multi-electrode welding apparatus configured as described above. At the time of welding, as shown in FIG.
The front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are arranged along the welding direction W with respect to the groove 21 of the
3. The center wire 14 and the rear wire 15 are arranged along the welding direction W. Then, welding is started in this state.

At the time of the above welding, the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12
Are arranged close to each other, so that the leading arc 2 is located between the front electrode 11 and the base material 20 as shown in FIG.
3 and a trailing arc 24 is generated between the rear electrode 12 and the base material 20, and the front wire 13, the center wire 14, and the rear wire 15 are melted by the arcs 23 and 24 to form a bead 22. Is done. In FIG. 4, the arcs 23 and 24 are illustrated as being completely separated from each other. However, since the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are arranged close to each other as described above, almost one line is apparently seen. Often observed.

During the welding, the front electrode 11 and the base material 20
The arc 23 mainly occurs at the bottom of the groove 21 (in the thickness direction) and melts the groove wall of the bead 22 formed by the front wire 13, and at the same time, the center The melting of the wire 14 is also shared. Further, the trailing arc 24 generated between the rear electrode 12 and the base material 20 melts the central wire 14 and the rear wire 15. Therefore, for the groove 21, apparently 1 run 2
Since the welding of the passes is performed simultaneously, a large amount of beads 22 are formed in the groove 21 at a high speed as shown in FIG.

That is, in the method of the present invention, as described above, the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 which are arranged close to each other back and forth along the welding direction W are used. It is possible to melt at a high speed and increase the welding efficiency. Moreover, even if the groove 21 of the base material 20 is narrow as shown in FIG. 3, the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 can be inserted into the groove 21 to easily and reliably perform welding. Become.

Further, by supplying the front wire 13, the center wire 14, and the rear wire 15 together while generating two arcs, the leading arc 23 and the trailing arc 24, the respective wires 13 to 15 are reliably melted. Let's make a groove 21
, A large amount of welding is generated at a time, and a large amount of beads 22 can be formed. Therefore, highly efficient and high quality welding can be reliably performed. In particular, it is extremely useful when a narrow groove is formed and welding is performed using a large amount of material, such as a groove 21 having a large thickness and depth.

In the present embodiment, the front electrode 11 and the rear electrode 12 are shown as examples having a front inclined electrode structure as shown in FIG. 1. However, as shown in FIG. Various configurations can be applied.

That is, in FIG. 5, (a) shows the front electrode 1
1 is inclined forward and the rear electrode 12 is inclined backward and forward, and the central wire 14 is formed straight downward. FIG. 5B shows a rear inclined electrode structure in which both electrodes 11 and 12 are inclined rearward, and the center wire 14 is also inclined rearward. FIG. 5 (c) shows both electrodes 1
The central electrodes 1 and 12 each have a sharp central electrode structure, and the central wire 14 is inclined backward. 5D is a central front inclined electrode structure, FIG. 5E is a central rear inclined electrode structure, FIG. 5F is a rear inclined central electrode structure, and FIG. g) is a rear inclined central electrode structure. Such various electrode structures are based on the material of the base material 20,
Alternatively, it is preferable to appropriately select the shape according to the shape of the groove 21 and the welding content, and the like, and is not limited to the illustrated example.

In this embodiment, the front wire 13, the center wire 14, and the rear wire 1 are used as welding wires.
5 shows an example using three wires, but in addition to the front wire 13,
By having either the central wire 14 or the rear wire 15, that is, welding using two welding wires can be performed.

[0032]

As described above, according to the multi-electrode welding method according to the first aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of electrodes are arranged before and after along the welding direction, the melting reaction is simultaneously performed before and after the welding direction. And welding can be performed efficiently. In addition, even when the groove of the base material is narrow, there is an effect that both the front electrode and the rear electrode can be reliably inserted into the groove and the narrow groove can be welded.

According to the multi-electrode welding method according to claim 2,
By arranging the welding wire at at least two positions among the front position of the front electrode, the rear position of the rear electrode, and the intermediate position therebetween, it is possible to reliably form a large amount of beads at once. Thus, there is an effect that high-efficiency and high-quality welding can be reliably performed.

According to the multi-electrode welding apparatus according to the third aspect,
Since the front electrode and the rear electrode are arranged along the welding direction, the front electrode and the rear electrode can be inserted into the groove, and each electrode can be moved along the groove. The method can be performed accurately.

According to the multi-electrode welding apparatus of the fourth aspect, the welding wire is arranged at at least two positions among the front position of the front electrode, the rear position of the rear electrode, and the intermediate position therebetween. Therefore, the method according to claim 2 can be accurately performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a multi-electrode welding apparatus for carrying out a method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing various control contents by a control device.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an electrode positioned at a groove of a base material.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view showing an arc generation state during welding.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing examples of various combinations of electrodes and a welding wire.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view at the time of welding showing a conventional welding device.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 front electrode, 12 rear electrode, 13 to 15 welding wire, 20 base material, 21 groove, 22 bead, 23
Leading arc, 24 ... trailing arc.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A welding method for performing welding while generating arcs (23, 24) following a groove (21) of a base material (20), comprising a plurality of electrodes (11, 11) along a welding direction (W). A multi-electrode welding method, wherein 12) is arranged before and after. 2. A welding wire (13-1) is provided in at least two positions among a front position of the front electrode (11), a rear position of the rear electrode (12), and an intermediate position therebetween.
The method according to claim 1, wherein step (5) is arranged. 3. A welding apparatus for performing welding while generating arcs (23, 24) following a groove (21) of a base material (20), wherein a plurality of welding elements are arranged in front and rear along a welding direction (W). A multi-electrode welding apparatus comprising the electrodes (11, 12). 4. A welding wire (13-1) is provided at at least two positions among a front position of the front electrode (11), a rear position of the rear electrode (12), and an intermediate position therebetween.
The multi-electrode welding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein (5) is arranged.