JP2001504382A - ゴミのリサイクルおよび転換用の装置および方法 - Google Patents
ゴミのリサイクルおよび転換用の装置および方法Info
- Publication number
- JP2001504382A JP2001504382A JP52081797A JP52081797A JP2001504382A JP 2001504382 A JP2001504382 A JP 2001504382A JP 52081797 A JP52081797 A JP 52081797A JP 52081797 A JP52081797 A JP 52081797A JP 2001504382 A JP2001504382 A JP 2001504382A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- garbage
- mercury
- drum
- slurry
- solid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- HIZCTWCPHWUPFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol tribenzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCC(OC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HIZCTWCPHWUPFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 20
- 210000004798 organs belonging to the digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000416 exudates and transudate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/18—Drum screens
- B07B1/22—Revolving drums
- B07B1/24—Revolving drums with fixed or moving interior agitators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
- C12M45/04—Phase separators; Separation of non fermentable material; Fractionation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/902—Materials removed
- Y10S210/911—Cumulative poison
- Y10S210/912—Heavy metal
- Y10S210/914—Mercury
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 都市固体ゴミを分類する円筒型回転ふるいであって、 回転軸を中心に回転できるように駆動され、所定サイズ範囲内のゴミ顆粒が通 過できる網目を側壁に形成し、傾斜状に配置された円筒状ドラムと、 円筒状ドラムの上端に都市固体ゴミを導入する手段と、 円筒状ドラム側壁の網目を通過してドラムの内側へガス流を導入し、該ドラム の下端部を通ってガス流を導出して、密度が比較的に低いゴミをドラムの下端部 より保持し取り除くことができる手段と、 を備えていることを特徴とする円筒型回転ふるい。 2. 円筒状ドラムの側壁には、多数の網目を形成したスクリーンを有しており 、これらの網目のサイズは、ドラムの下端へ行くほど徐々に大きくなっているこ とを特徴とする請求項1記載の円筒型回転ふるい。 3. 円筒状ドラムの内壁面から内部へゴミ破砕用の大くぎが延びていることを 特徴とする請求項1記載の円筒型回転ふるい。 4. 上記ガス流により、円筒型回転ふるいの上端部近傍で負の圧力が形成され ることを特徴とする請求項1記載の円筒型回転ふるい。 5. ガス流を円筒状ドラムに導入する手段は、円筒型回転ふるいの外側におい てスクリーン網目の近傍で傾斜状に送風できる送風機であることを特徴とする請 求項1記載の円筒型回転ふるい。 6. 紙類、プラスチック類、非紙類、非プラスチック類を含む都市固体ゴミを 分類する方法であって、 回転軸を中心に回転できるように駆動され、所定サイズ範囲内のゴミ顆粒が通 過できる網目を側壁に形成し、傾斜状に配置された円筒状ドラムを用意すること と、 円筒状ドラムの上端に都市固体ゴミを導入することと、 円筒ドラム側壁の網目を通過してドラムの内側へガス流を導入することと、 紙類およびプラスチック類に少なく、非紙類および非プラスチック類に多くて 密度が比較的に高いゴミを上記網目より回収することと、 非紙類および非プラスチック類に少なく、紙類およびプラスチック類に多くて 密度が比較的に低いゴミをドラムの下端部より回収することと、 を特徴とするゴミ分類方法。 7. 密度が高い非紙類および非プラスチック類は、金属および有機性物質を含 むことを特徴とする請求項6記載の方法。 8. 密度が高いゴミ類から金属を分離し、基本的に有機性物質を含有する基質 ゴミ類を形成させることを特徴とする請求項7記載の方法。 9. 基質ゴミ類は、消化可能な有機物とリグニン被覆のセルロースファイバー と水銀とを含んでおり、基質ゴミの消化および浄化は、次の工程を経て行われて おり、すなわち 基質ゴミを液状にスラリー化し、スラリー状ゴミを形成させることと、 スラリー状ゴミを嫌気性消化処理の第1段階で処理し、少なくとも該スラリー 状ゴミに含まれた有機物の大部分を消化することと、 液状部分を取り除いて、固体状の消化済ゴミを形成させることと、 固体状の消化済ゴミを水蒸気により加熱し、水と水銀とを含む蒸気を形成させ ると共に、実質的に無水銀状態の固体ゴミを形成させることと、 水と水銀とを含む蒸気を固体ゴミから分離するように収集して凝縮し、液状の 水および水銀を得ることと、 周辺の大気圧力を高め、加熱された固体ゴミを爆発的に分解し、セルロース内 表面を露出した破裂状態のファイバーを含む固体ゴミを形成させることと、 上記のように処理された固体ゴミを液状にスラリー化し、得られたスラリー状 のものを嫌気性消化処理の第2段階で処理することと、 第2段階で処理されたものを回収することと、 を含むことを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。 10. 消化可能な有機物とリグニン被覆のセルロースファイバーと水銀とを含 む都市固体ゴミを消化および浄化する方法であって、 都市固体ゴミを液状にスラリー化し、スラリー状ゴミを形成させることと、 スラリー状ゴミを嫌気性消化処理の第1段階で処理し、少なくとも該スラリー 状ゴミに含まれた有機物の大部分を消化することと、 液状部分を取り除いて、固体状の消化済ゴミを形成させることと、 固体状の消化済ゴミを水蒸気により加熱し、水と水銀とを含む蒸気を形成させ ると共に、実質的に無水銀状態の固体ゴミを形成させることと、 水と水銀とを含む蒸気を固体ゴミから分離するように収集して凝縮し、液状の 水および水銀を得ることと、 周辺の大気圧力を高め、加熱された固体ゴミを爆発的に分解し、セルロース内 表面を露出した破裂状態のファイバーを含む固体ゴミを形成さ せることと、 上記のように処理された固体ゴミを液状にスラリー化し、得られたスラリー状 のものを嫌気性消化処理の第2段階で処理することと、 第2段階で処理されたものを回収することと、 を特徴とする方法。 11.スラリー状のものを嫌気性消化処理の第1段階で処理する工程と、スラリ ー状のものを嫌気性消化処理の第2段階で処理する工程とのうち少なくとも一つ の工程は、 導入端から導出端まで下方へ傾斜している流体通過可能な底部を有する消化器 を通過するように上記スラリー状のものを移動させることと、 周囲より高い温度に加熱されたガスと非加熱状のガスとを含むガス混合物を供 給し流体通過可能な底部を通過させることによって、上記スラリー状のものを周 囲より高い温度に維持することと、 を含むことを特徴とする請求項10記載の方法。 12.加熱されたガスと非加熱状のガスはそれぞれ、消化器の上部から引き揚げ られたガスを利用して得られることを特徴とする請求項11記載の方法。 13.消化器におけるスラリーの少なくとも一部は、35〜40℃の中温条件に 維持され、他の一部は、55〜60℃の高温条件に維持されていることを特徴と する請求項12記載の方法。 14.上記第1段階および第2段階のうち少なくとも一の段階は、スラリーを導 入端から導出端までほぼ直線状に移動させるように案内でき る側壁を有した消化器内で行われることを特徴とする請求項10記載の方法。 15.流体通過可能な底部は、水平面との間に0.2〜0.4度の角度を形成し ていることを特徴とする請求項12記載の方法。 16.上記固体状ゴミは、爆発的に分解される前に、800〜1200プサイア の飽和蒸気圧力に対応する温度まで昇温されることを特徴とする請求項10記載 の方法。 17.水と水銀の液状混合物を静止させて下方に水銀層を形成し、そして水と分 離するように水銀を回収することを特徴とする請求項10記載の方法。 18.第1工程では導入される有機物の約50%が消化され、第2工程では導入 される有機物の約90%が消化されることを特徴とする請求項10記載の方法。 19.第2工程で得られた消化後のものは、リグニンおよび重金属を含んでおり 、さらに方法としては、 第2工程で得られた消化後のものをミネラル酸と混合させて、重金属の少なく とも一部を溶解し、不溶の残留物を形成させると共に、陽イオンとリグニンとを 含有する重金属塩の溶液を生成させることと、 上記リグニンの存在下で、重金属塩の溶液を電解して陽イオンの電気溶着を発 生させ、重金属の電着物を形成させることと、 上記電着物を回収することと、 を含むことを特徴とする請求項9記載の方法。 20.リグニンおよび重金属を含む都市固体ゴミを嫌気性方法により消化して得 られたゴミ残留物から重金属を回収する方法であって、 ゴミ残留物を用意することと、 上記ゴミ残留物をミネラル酸溶液と混合させて、重金属の陽イオンとリグニン とを含有する重金属塩の溶液を得ると共に、不溶の残留物を得ることと、 不溶の残留物から溶液を分離することと、 分離された溶液を電解することと、 リグニンの存在下で、重金属の陽イオンを電気溶着させて、重金属の電着物を 形成させることと、 上記電着物を回収することと、 を特徴とする方法。 21.上記ゴミ残留物はプラスチック類を含んでおり、上記した混合工程におい て、重金属塩の溶液比重は約1.0〜約1.4であり、該比重より低い密度を有 するプラスチック類の少なくとも一部は、該溶液の表面に浮かび、浮かんでいる 該プラスチック類を回収することを特徴とする請求項20記載の方法。 22.不溶の残留物を回収し、塩基を添加することにより中和を行い、中和され た残留物を回収することを特徴とする請求項20記載の方法。
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US786295P | 1995-12-01 | 1995-12-01 | |
US60/007,862 | 1995-12-01 | ||
PCT/CA1996/000792 WO1997020643A2 (en) | 1995-12-01 | 1996-11-29 | Apparatus and method for waste recycling and conversion |
Publications (3)
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JP2001504382A true JP2001504382A (ja) | 2001-04-03 |
JP2001504382A5 JP2001504382A5 (ja) | 2004-10-28 |
JP3820271B2 JP3820271B2 (ja) | 2006-09-13 |
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JP52081797A Expired - Fee Related JP3820271B2 (ja) | 1995-12-01 | 1996-11-29 | 都市固体ゴミの消化方法 |
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US (1) | US5795479A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0868226B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3820271B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE209533T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2237173C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69617458T2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0868226T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2165529T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1011530A1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT868226E (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997020643A2 (ja) |
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JP2005342630A (ja) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-15 | Tomohiro Nomura | 抽出処理方法 |
JP2012532757A (ja) * | 2009-07-13 | 2012-12-20 | ベータ リニューアブルス エス・ピー・エー | リグニンの高温分離方法 |
JP2019501761A (ja) * | 2015-12-08 | 2019-01-24 | ファイバライト リミテッドFiberight Limited | 廃棄物処理 |
US11465156B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 | 2022-10-11 | Fiberight Limited | Waste processing |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69617458T2 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
CA2237173A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
PT868226E (pt) | 2002-05-31 |
CA2237173C (en) | 2002-12-10 |
ATE209533T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
DK0868226T3 (da) | 2002-04-02 |
WO1997020643A2 (en) | 1997-06-12 |
EP0868226B1 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
US5795479A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
JP3820271B2 (ja) | 2006-09-13 |
EP0868226A2 (en) | 1998-10-07 |
ES2165529T3 (es) | 2002-03-16 |
WO1997020643A3 (en) | 1997-09-04 |
DE69617458D1 (de) | 2002-01-10 |
HK1011530A1 (en) | 1999-07-16 |
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