JP2001348582A - Liquid carbon fuel by using combustible waste, and method and apparatus for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a high-calorie and clean liquid carbon fuel. SOLUTION: A combustible waste (a) obtained by classifying non-industrial wastes such as municipal refuse is carbonized, and the carbonized product (a) is pulverized in water so as to have <=100 μm average particle diameter and to be formed into a dust coal, and so that water-soluble materials such as common salt and heavy metals included in the carbonized product may be removed. The slurry of the carbonized product formed by the pulverization in the water is dehydrated so as to have 20-30% water content to provide a wet dust coal a4. An oil b in an amount of 70-150 pts. wt. based on 100 pts.wt. wet dust coal a4 is mixed with the wet dust coal a4, and a small quantity of dispersion stabilizer c is added thereto at the time. The resultant dust coal is further pulverized to <=50 μm average particle diameter. The obtained liquid carbon fuel does not generate a toxic substance at the time of combustion because of the removal of the common salt or the like, and is clean and easily treated as the fuel because of the liquid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid carbon fuel using flammable waste obtained by separating general waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste, a method for producing the same, and an apparatus for producing the same. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for producing this kind of liquid fuel, first, a method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-130666 can be mentioned. This production method involves carbonizing various organic substances including waste. After pulverizing the carbide, it is mixed with water to obtain a liquid carbon fuel.

As another manufacturing method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
349966 can also be mentioned,
This manufacturing method is a method in which flammable waste obtained by separating general waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste is wet-pulverized, and the waste is crushed.
A powder having a size of 0 to 300 mesh (140 to 50 μ) is produced, and the powder is sieved and screened, and an appropriate amount of water is adjusted to obtain a powder fluid (dust slurry).
10 to 80 parts by weight of oil is mixed with 0 part by weight, and 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of a surfactant is further added to obtain a refuse liquefied fuel (liquid carbon fuel).

On the other hand, as a method for producing a solid carbon fuel, a method described in JP-A-11-209768 can be cited. In this method, combustible waste is heated in a low-oxygen atmosphere to produce carbide. Then, the carbide was stirred and pulverized in water, and water-soluble substances and water-soluble heavy metals remaining in the carbide were removed. Further, the pulverized and washed carbide was dehydrated by a dehydrator, and the dehydrated water was removed. After the carbide is dried by heating, it is cooled to obtain a clean carbide (solid carbon fuel) from which salt and water-soluble heavy metals have been removed.

[0005]

Generally, the liquid fuel is
It is easier to handle as a fuel than a solid fuel such as RDF. However, in the former method of producing a liquid carbon fuel described above, since the carbide is pulverized by dry pulverization by ultrasonic stirring or the like, a large amount of dust is generated and the working environment is poor, and the pulverization is limited. There is. It is preferable that the liquid carbon fuel has a finely ground carbide.

[0006] Further, the latter method for producing a liquid fuel is as follows.
The final fuel is only a finely pulverized combustible waste. Generally, a combustible waste contains a large amount of oxygen atoms and has a low absolute calorific value. Therefore, a liquid fuel having a calorie of 6500 kcal / kg or more is used. In order to do so, the proportion of oil must be increased. In addition, since combustible waste contains salt from kitchens and trace amounts of heavy metals, the resulting liquid fuel is not only concerned with low calorific value,
When liquid fuel is used, chlorine such as salt reacts with hydrocarbons in heavy oil to generate dioxin, and heavy metals vaporize at high temperatures and diffuse with exhaust gas, which may cause adverse effects on the environment due to contaminants. Is done.

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned method for producing a solid carbon fuel, since a water-soluble substance such as salt and heavy metal in the carbide is dissolved out during wet pulverization, a solid fuel composed of the carbide from which these substances have been removed is obtained. It can be said that the fuel is safe without adverse environmental effects due to salt and trace amounts of heavy metals. However, since it is solid, the handling properties as a fuel are inferior to liquid ones. In addition, when the dehydrated carbide is solidified, if the dehydrated carbide is overheated and cooled, extra heat energy is consumed, and the production time becomes longer.

An object of the present invention is to provide a high-calorie, clean liquid fuel at a low cost under the above-mentioned circumstances.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention firstly provides a high-calorie liquid fuel because carbide has less oxygen atoms than combustible waste and has high heat generation. In view of the fact that the proportion of the oil component at the time of the reduction can be reduced, a liquid fuel in which the carbide is slurried is obtained.

Next, in order to make the carbide safe with little adverse effect on the environment, salt and the like which cause the adverse effect at the time of pulverization are dissolved in water and removed. When the carbides are pulverized, the salt and the like contained therein are easily dissolved, and pulverized coal containing no harmful substances can be obtained.

[0011] Further, if pulverized in water, that is, if wet pulverized, the inside of the pulverizer becomes a slurry of pulverized coal,
By dehydrating it, a liquid fuel having the required moisture can be obtained. A liquid carbon fuel is obtained by mixing the fuel with oil such as heavy oil or waste oil to increase the calories.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As an embodiment of the production method of the present invention, flammable waste obtained by separating general waste such as municipal waste is carbonized, and the carbonized material is pulverized in water to form pulverized coal. And removing the water-soluble substance contained in the carbide, dewatering the carbide slurry produced by the underwater pulverization into wet pulverized coal, and mixing oil with the wet pulverized coal. At this time, it is preferable to add about 0.1 to 5% by weight of a dispersion stabilizer together with the oil.

In this configuration, when the wet pulverized coal and the oil are mixed, the wet pulverized coal is pulverized.
The pulverized coal in the fuel becomes finer, and the dispersibility of the carbide is improved.

The average particle size of the pulverized coal is preferably 100 μm or less, and the mixing ratio of the oil is preferably 70 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the wet pulverized coal. As a liquid fuel, the pulverized coal has an average particle size of preferably 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less. 50μ
The grinding to the following can be carried out at the time of mixing with the oil.
The mixing amount of the oil component is preferably in the above range from the viewpoint of economy and calorie as a fuel.

[0015] As an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus that forms the manufacturing method of each of the above-described embodiments, a carbonizing furnace that carbonizes combustible waste obtained by separating general waste such as municipal waste and the like, and pulverizes the carbide in water. A wet pulverizer that removes water-soluble substances contained in the carbide while pulverizing coal, a dehydrator that separates a carbide slurry obtained by the pulverization into wet pulverized coal and wastewater, and a dewatered wet A configuration including a mixer for mixing oil into pulverized coal may be employed.

In this configuration, in order to obtain the pulverized coal having the above-mentioned required particle size, the type of the pulverizer and the mixer, the pulverization (mixing) time and the like are appropriately selected.

[0017]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention.
Is a kiln type carbonizing furnace, 2 is a combustion furnace for sending hot air f to the carbonizing furnace 1, 3 is a wet crusher for finely crushing the carbide a1 discharged from the carbonizing furnace ₁ in water, and 4 is a wet crusher 3 micronized coal slurry a ₃ a dehydrator to separate and the water-wet pulverized coal a _4, 5 generation liquid carbon fuel a ₅ are uniformly mixed to wet pulverized coal a ₄ oil b and dispersion stabilizer c Is a stirrer (mixing machine), and 6 is a storage tank for liquid carbon fuel. As the dispersion stabilizer, all commercially available ones for CCOM (mixed fuel of carbide and oil) can be used, and typical examples thereof include a surfactant and ethyl alcohol.

A combustible waste a is supplied to the carbonization furnace 1 by a supply unit 7. The supply unit 7 is connected to a supply line 8 for nitrogen gas d, and supplies nitrogen gas d into the carbonization furnace 1. The inside of the furnace 1 is made almost oxygen-free or low oxygen atmosphere. Further, the carbonization furnace 1 is provided with an outer cylinder 9 that covers the outside, and a high-temperature gas (hot air) f is supplied to the outer cylinder 9 to indirectly heat the inside of the furnace 1. For this reason, the inside of the furnace 1
For nearly anoxic conditions at elevated temperatures, combustible waste a is thermally decomposed, CO, a carbide a ₁ of gas pyrolysis gas e and the solid such as a hydrocarbon gas.

At this time, the combustible waste a contains organic chlorides such as vinyl chloride resin and inorganic chlorides such as salt, and the organic chlorides are decomposed into chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas and the like. , inorganic chlorides remaining in the carbide a _1. Also,
Wire and electrical cord (copper) or the like, not be removed, may be mixed into the combustible waste a, foreign matter such as wire or copper wire is also remaining in the carbide a _1. These foreign substances are often in a state of being entangled with the combustible waste a when subjected to the crushing action in the crushing step of the pretreatment.

Combustible waste a supplied into the carbonization furnace 1
Is a discharge device 1 consisting of a screw conveyor receiving the rotation of the furnace 1 while being carbonized by the above-mentioned thermal decomposition.
Then, the carbide a ₁ falls from the discharge device 10 to the lower cooling water tank 11, and gases such as the pyrolysis gas e and the nitrogen gas d are discharged from a nozzle provided in the discharge device 10 through the combustion furnace 2. Sent to. In the combustion furnace 2, the combustible gas in the gas is burned to become a high-temperature gas. Most of the high-temperature gas is used as a circulation gas f to the outer cylinder 9, and a part of the high-temperature gas is released to the atmosphere via an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown).

The discharge device 10 and the cooling water tank 11 are connected to the chute 1
2 and the chute 12 is connected to the cooling water tank 1
A connection port for a circulation pump 13 that circulates the slurry in 1 and a connection port for makeup water W for the cooling water tank 11 are provided. Then, the carbide a ₁ is cooled by the slurry and the makeup water W in the chute 12 and, after being mixed with the water W, falls into the cooling water tank 11. Cooling water tank 11
Mixture of carbide a ₁ and a water bottom, i.e., carbide slurry a ₂ it is, by the screw conveyor 11a, is transferred to the wet pulverizer 3.

As shown in FIG. 2, this wet mill 3
Liquid cyclone 13 and slurry a in cyclone 13
A circulation line 14 for circulating ₂ and a crushing pump 15 provided in the middle of the circulation line 14 are provided. A charging pipe 16 is provided at the center of the hydrocyclone 13, and the carbide slurry a ₂ charged from above the charging pipe 16 is charged with the charging pipe 16.
Is sucked into the crushing pump 15 from the lower part of the cylinder, and is returned to the upper part of the liquid cyclone 13 after being crushed by the crushing pump 15. In this manner, the carbide a ₁ descends while swirling in the liquid cyclone 13, is sucked into the crushing pump 15 again, and is repeatedly subjected to the pulverizing action of the pulverizing pump 15 by this circulation action. Is 10
It becomes pulverized coal of 0 μ or less. In addition, the above-described foreign matter such as wire is pulverized together with the carbide a ₁ , the two are not entangled, and the separated foreign matter has a large specific gravity, and thus sinks below the liquid cyclone 13. In addition, as a foreign substance,
In addition to the above-described wires and copper wires, there are aluminum pieces, metal buttons, and the like, and these settled foreign substances i are discharged after the operation is completed.

At this time, if the average particle size of the carbide a ₁ is finely pulverized by the wet pulverizer 3 to 100 μ or less,
Pulverized coal can be dispersed almost evenly in the liquid carbon fuel as the final product. Further, by carbide a ₁ is ground to a fine powder coal, inorganic salts such as sodium chloride is dissolved out in water almost completely because certainly in contact with water. Similarly, soluble heavy metals will also dissolve into the water. As described above, by using the wet grinding machine 3, not only the inorganic salts and the soluble heavy metals are dissolved and removed in water, but also the particle size suitable for dispersion is eliminated. Product production costs can be reduced. In the figure, 1
8 is a collision plate, and 19 is a screen.

In the wet pulverizer 3, the finely pulverized slurry a ₃ obtained by pulverizing the carbide a ₁ into pulverized coal overflows the wet pulverizer 3, is temporarily stored in the storage tank 17, and is then pumped by the pump 17 a. Is sent to the dehydrator 4. As the dehydrator 4, a centrifugal dehydrator or the like is used.
Pulverized coal slurry a ₃ is, water is separated into a waste water and from 20 to 30 wt% wet pulverized coal a _4. This wastewater contains inorganic salts and soluble heavy metals.
It is discharged outside the system. On the other hand, the wet pulverized coal a ₄ is transferred to the next stirrer (mixer) 5, stirred and mixed with the oil b and the dispersion stabilizer c, and stored in the storage tank 6 as the liquid carbon fuel a ₅ .

FIG. 3 shows another wet crusher 30, which is also called a medium stirring mill. The wet crusher 30 stirs the material to be crushed together with the medium g to remove fine crushed material. It is suitable for production. In the example of the figure, the cylindrical container 31
Hollow rotary shaft 32 is provided within, the mixing paddle 33 which is attached to the outside of the rotary shaft 32 and stir crushed carbide slurry a _2. The carbide slurry a ₂
Is introduced from the top of the rotating shaft 32, introduced into the bottom of the cylindrical container 31 from inside the hollow shaft 32, subjected to a sufficient stirring and crushing action, and then discharged by overflow. In the figure, 3
4 is a baffle plate, 35 is a return blade, 36 is a pulley for driving the hollow shaft 32, and 37 is a bearing supported by the container 31 via an arm 38.

The medium stirring mill 30 is a wet pulverized coal.
a_FourAlso used as a stirrer 5 for mixing oil and oil b etc.
Wear. That way, not just mixing, but fines
Charcoal a _FourIs further pulverized, and the pulverized surface comes into contact with oil b or the like.
So that it becomes familiar with oil b etc., and average
Dispersibility is improved by pulverizing the particle size to 50μ or less.
It becomes. Preferably, the medium agitation mill 30
Diameter is 10-30μ, more preferably about 15-20μ
Disintegration can be improved by pulverizing the powder.

The liquid carbon fuel produced as described above
a_FiveIs wet pulverized coal a having a water content of 20 to 30%._FourUsing
So it contains 8-18% moisture and is generally
Raw fuel a_FiveContains 3-18% moisture
Thixotropy is improved, pulverized coal a_FourThe sinking of
Can be suppressed. Therefore, in the present invention, water is added.
Or wet pulverized coal a_FourWithout drying
Liquid carbon fuel with water content a _FiveCan be made. Also,
This liquid carbon fuel a_FiveIs the calorific value of the oil b used,
Pulverized coal a_Four6500 kca, depending on the mixing ratio of
A calorie of 1 / kg or more can be secured.

[0028]

According to the present invention, as described above, liquid carbon fuel can be obtained at a low cost using clean carbide.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show a wet pulverizer according to the embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a schematic sectional front view, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional front view of another wet grinding machine of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbonization furnace 2 Combustion furnace 3 Wet crusher 4 Dehydrator 5 Stirrer (Mixer) 6 Storage tank 7 Feeder 8 Nitrogen gas supply line 9 Outer cylinder 10 Discharge device 11 Cooling water tank 12 Circulation pump 13 Liquid cyclone 14 Circulation line 15 Pulverization pump 16 feeding pipe 30 wet pulverizer (media agitating mill) 33 mixing paddle a combustible waste a ₁ carbide a ₂ carbide slurry a ₃ pulverized coal slurry a ₄ wet pulverized coal a ₅ liquid carbon fuel b oil c dispersion stabilizer

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C10L 1/32 CSE C10L 1/32 CSEA B09B 3/00 ZAB B09B 3/00 302G 302 302F ZAB (72) Invention Person Hiroki Sakakibara 1-12-19 Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka City Inside Kurimoto Iron Works, Ltd. (72) Inventor Akira Nishizawa 1-112-19, Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka City Corporation, Kurimoto Iron Works (72) Invention Person Minoru Tsuji 1-4-2, Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan (72) Inventor Kazushi Togo 1-4-2, Kaigan, Minato-ku, Tokyo F-term (reference) 4D004 AA46 AB01 BA03 CA04 CA13 CA26 CA32 CB01 CB13 CB31 CB36 CB45 CB50 CC01 CC15 DA03 DA10 4H013 DA12

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A municipal waste combustible waste obtained by fractionating a such municipal waste carbonized, and grinding the carbide a ₁ in water, contained in the carbide a ₁ with the pulverized coal The water-soluble substance is removed, and the carbide slurry a ₃ generated by the underwater pulverization is dehydrated to wet pulverized coal a _4, and the oil p is mixed with the wet pulverized coal a _4. A method for producing carbon fuel. 2. The wet pulverized coal a _{4 according to} claim 1,
Method for producing a liquid carbon fuel using combustible waste, characterized in that that as well when mixed with oil b grinding said wet pulverized coal a _4. 3. The pulverized coal a according to claim 1 or 2,
₄ is pulverized so as to have an average particle size of 100 μm or less, and the mixing ratio of the oil b is changed to the wet pulverized coal a ₄ 10
A method for producing a liquid carbon fuel using combustible waste, wherein the amount is 70 to 150 parts by weight with respect to 0 parts by weight. 4. The wet pulverized coal a _{4 according to} claim 3,
And when mixed with oil b, a manufacturing method of the liquid carbon fuel using combustible waste, characterized in that the average particle diameter is set to be 50μ or less by grinding the wet pulverized coal a _4. 5. A liquid carbon fuel using the combustible waste obtained by the production method according to claim 3. 6. An apparatus for performing the production method according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization furnace 1 carbonizes combustible waste a obtained by separating general waste such as municipal waste. wet pulverizer 3 to remove water-soluble substances contained in the carbide a ₁ while the pulverized coal was ground carbide a ₁ in water
And a dewatering machine 4 for separating the carbide slurry a ₃ obtained by the pulverization into wet pulverized coal a ₄ and waste water, and a mixer 5 for mixing the dewatered wet pulverized coal a ₄ with oil b. For producing liquid carbon fuel using toxic waste.