JP2000246135A - Wet crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wet crushing device by which even waste to which material of a different kind is firmly attached can be surely separated. SOLUTION: Waste of plastic bottles 6 fed from a feeding pipe 4 is fed into an outer circulating route 2 from the lower part of a liquid cyclone 1 and is finely crushed by a crushing pump 3 to separate material of a different kind such as caps and is returned to the liquid cyclone 1 again. Fragments of a plastic of light specific gravity are recovered by making them overflow from an upper discharge port 8 of the liquid cyclone 1, and the caps of heavy specific gravity are precipitated to the bottom of the liquid cyclone 1 to recover them. The waste which has not been separated by one outer circulation is fed into the circulating route 2 until separation work is completed to surely separate material of a different kind such as firmly attached stoppers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wet crusher for crushing waste and selectively collecting and recovering useful substances contained in the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Disposal of a large amount of waste is a major social problem. From the viewpoint of environmental conservation and effective use of resources, the use of useful substances contained in waste is limited. Efforts are being made to collect and recycle. In recent years, in order to facilitate this recycling, there has been an active movement to separate and collect waste such as plastic containers. In order to treat the separated and collected waste, crushing means is often used.

Conventionally, as a means for crushing waste, a dry method using a shredder or the like is often used. However, the dry method has a problem that loud noise is generated and crushed fragments are scattered around. There is also a problem that glued paper and the like, such as labels on plastic bottles, cannot be separated by a dry method.

[0004] To cope with the above problem, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-285409 discloses a wet crusher for crushing plastic waste such as bottles in a liquid. As shown in FIG. 4, this crushing apparatus separates a water-filled waste input tank 61, a crushing pump 62 for crushing waste supplied from the tank 61, and a crushed waste fragment. And a collecting device 63 for collecting.

A charging pipe 65 having a large number of holes 64 is provided in the tank 61.
Is supplied to the crushing pump 62 together with water entering through the hole 64 and crushed. The fragments of the crushed waste are sent to the collection container 67 of the collection device 63 along with the water via the discharge pipe 66. The side wall of the collection container 67 is formed of a mesh, and by rotating the collection container 67 with the electric motor 68, debris of the waste mixed with water is centrifugally dehydrated and used as a raw material for the regeneration treatment.

When a plastic bottle with a plug is to be treated by this crushing apparatus, the metal plug is separated in advance by a dry crusher. Further, it is stated that when processing waste having staples such as egg packs, the staples can be separated using a magnet in the collection container 67.

In the above-mentioned conventional wet crushing apparatus, since the crushing of the waste is performed only once by the crushing pump, the waste to which the foreign substance is firmly fixed, such as a plastic bottle with a stopper, is separated in advance. There is a need. There are various other types of waste in which different kinds of substances are firmly bound, such as waste in which wires are entangled, metals are embedded, and resin-coated electric cables. Further, even with a foreign matter that can be separated such as a staple, a non-magnetic metal such as aluminum or a non-metallic foreign matter such as a tile cannot be separated and removed by a method using a magnet.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a wet crushing apparatus capable of reliably separating even wastes in which different kinds of substances are firmly bound.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a wet crushing apparatus according to the present invention connects upper and lower portions of a hydrocyclone by an external circulation path, and lowers the contents of the hydrocyclone through the circulation path. And a crushing means is provided in the middle of this circulation path.

That is, the waste to which the heterogeneous substance is bound is sent from the lower part of the hydrocyclone to the external circulation path, and the waste is finely crushed in the middle of this circulation path to separate the heterogeneous substance and return to the hydrocyclone again. Debris such as plastic having a low specific gravity is collected by overflowing from the top of the hydrocyclone, and metal having a high specific gravity is collected by being precipitated at the bottom of the hydrocyclone.
Debris of intermediate specific gravity, in which foreign substances are not separated in one external circulation, descends while swirling in the hydrocyclone, and is repeatedly sent into the circulation path until the separation is completed.

By using a crushing pump as the crushing means, a forced circulation device such as another pump can be eliminated.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 and FIG.
An embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1A, the wet crushing device includes a liquid cyclone 1 and a crushing pump 3 provided in the middle of a circulation path 2 connected to the liquid cyclone 1.
It is composed of In the center of the hydrocyclone 1 is inserted a charging pipe 4 into which waste is charged, and an opening 5 is provided at a lower end thereof. In this embodiment, a plastic bottle 6 is charged as waste. A discharge port 8 for overflow is provided in the upper cylinder wall 7 of the liquid cyclone 1, and a valve 10 for discharging foreign substances such as a plug of the plastic bottle 6 is attached to the cylinder bottom 9.

The lower cylinder wall 11 of the hydrocyclone 1 is provided with a lower connection port 12 of the circulation path 2 facing the opening 5 of the charging pipe 4, and the upper cylinder wall 7 has two branched upper connection ports. Port 13 is provided, and upper connection port 13 is
As shown in (b), the tangential direction of the upper cylindrical wall 7 is directed. The plastic bottle 6 flowing into the liquid cyclone 1 from the opening 5 of the charging pipe 4 is sucked into the circulation path 2 from the lower connection port 12, finely crushed by the crushing pump 3 and separated from foreign matters such as a plug, and the like. At the same time, it is returned into the liquid cyclone 1 from the upper connection port 13. The two upper connection ports 13 are provided to change the strength of the swirl flow near the water surface. The use of the upper connection port 13 increases the swirl flow, and the use of the lower connection port 13 causes the swirl flow. The flow becomes weaker.

The fragments of the plastic bottle 6 that have been finely crushed and separated from foreign matter float in the hydrocyclone 1 and are collected from an overflow outlet 8. A collision plate 14 is attached to the outlet 8 to prevent foreign substances having a relatively small specific gravity from being directly discharged from the outlet 8.

On the other hand, the separated foreign matter having a large specific gravity descends while rotating inside the liquid cyclone 1 and settles on the cylinder bottom 9, and the precipitated foreign matter is discharged by opening the valve 10 as appropriate. In addition, the pieces of the plastic bottle 6 that have not been completely separated from the foreign matter by one crushing in the circulation path 2 also descend while rotating similarly, and are repeatedly sent into the circulation path 2 from the lower connection port 12. And further crushed until the foreign matter separates.

As described above, the plastic bottle 6
Crush pump 3 in circulation path 2 from opening 5 of input pipe 4
The empty plastic bottle 6 closed by the spout is discharged from the overflow outlet 8 without being crushed, or the plastic bottle 6 containing foreign matter such as sand is sucked into the container and once subjected to the crushing action. However, there is no possibility of sedimentation at the cylinder bottom 9 without being crushed as it is, and the plastic can be collected with high efficiency.

The crushing pump 3 is, as shown in FIG.
Crushing impeller 16 attached to the tip side of impeller 15
Then, the sucked plastic bottle 6 is crushed by the cutting blade 18 and the shroud ring 19 attached inside the casing 17, and the fragments are discharged from the discharge port 20 to the circulation path 2. In order to increase the crushing efficiency, a crushing lattice 21 is also provided between the impeller 15 and the crushing impeller 16.

When treating wastes larger than the size of the input pipe 4 and the piping of the circulation path 2, such as tires containing steel cord, for example, these wastes are roughly cut or crushed in advance. Good to do. Further, when the specific gravity of the different kinds of substances to be bound is both larger or smaller than that of water, the crushed and separated fragments can be separated and collected by another means.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment. The wet crushing device 22 is incorporated in a device for producing a carbonized object from combustible waste 23. The apparatus for manufacturing carbonized objects includes a rotary kiln 25 for carbonizing combustible waste 23 input from a hopper 24, a cooling device 26 for cooling the carbonized objects obtained by the rotary kiln 25, and a cooled carbonized object. Wet crushing device 22, a dewatering device 27 for dewatering the carbonized material from which foreign matter has been separated by the wet crushing device 22, and a drying device 28 for drying the dewatered carbonized material
It is composed of

The rotary kiln 25 circulates the exhaust gas 30 from the combustion furnace 29 outside the system into the outer cylinder 31 and
2 is an external heat type which heats the heating unit 2 and has an inlet 35 and an outlet 36 provided with screw conveyors 33 and 34, respectively.
A nitrogen gas 37 is supplied from the apparatus to make the inside of the rotary drum 32 almost oxygen-free.

At the outlet 36 of the rotary kiln 25, a chute 39 for dropping the carbonized object into a water tank 38 of the cooling device 26, and a pyrolysis gas 40 generated in the rotary drum 32
The pyrolysis gas 40 is supplied to the combustion furnace 29 together with the air 42. Further, the tip of the chute 39 is immersed in the water tank 38 and is shut off from the atmosphere by a water seal. The carbonized object cooled in the water tank 38 is
It is discharged by the screw conveyor 43 and put into the wet crusher 22.

As in the first embodiment, the wet crushing device 22 includes a liquid cyclone 44 and a liquid cyclone 44.
And a crushing pump 46 provided in the middle of a circulation path 45 circulating upward from below.
At the center of the hydrocyclone 44 is inserted a charging pipe 47 into which the carbonized material discharged by the screw conveyor 43 is charged, and an opening 48 is provided at the lower end thereof. A discharge port 49 for overflow is provided in the upper cylinder wall of the hydrocyclone 44, and a valve 50 for discharging foreign matter is provided in the bottom of the cylinder.
Is attached.

The carbonized material flowing into the hydrocyclone 44 from the opening 48 of the charging pipe 47 is
Is sucked into the circulation path 45 from the lower part of the
6. Finely crushed. The carbonized substance flowing into the liquid cyclone 44 contains foreign substances such as pebbles and wires, chlorides, and the like, but the foreign substances are separated by being finely crushed. Chloride also easily dissolves in water and is efficiently removed. These separated carbonized objects and foreign substances are returned to the hydrocyclone 44 again from above.

The carbonized material, which has been finely crushed and the foreign matter is separated, floats in the liquid cyclone 44, is collected from an overflow outlet 49, and is sent to the dehydrator 27. The chloride removed from the carbonized matter and dissolved in the water is also discharged from the discharge port 49 together with the water, and the dehydrator 2
7 The discharge port 49 is provided with a collision plate 51 and a mesh screen 52 to prevent carbonized objects containing a small amount of foreign matter and having a relatively small specific gravity from being directly discharged from the discharge port 49.

On the other hand, the separated foreign matter having a large specific gravity descends while rotating inside the liquid cyclone 44 and precipitates on the bottom of the cylinder. The precipitated foreign matter opens the valve 50,
It is discharged out of the system as appropriate. In addition, the carbonized material that has not been completely separated from the foreign matter by one crushing operation in the circulation path 45 also descends while turning similarly, and is sent into the circulation path 45 repeatedly to be further crushed.

In the dewatering device 27, the solid and the liquid are separated, and the carbonized material separated as a solid is separated into a drying device 28
And recycled as solid fuel, soil conditioner, raw material for activated carbon, etc.

In the above-described embodiment, waste such as plastic bottles and carbonized objects put into the liquid cyclone is sucked into the circulation path by the crushing pump to be crushed. However, a forced circulation pump is provided in the circulation path. And the like, and a rotary blade or the like for crushing waste can be separately provided.

[0028]

As described above, in the wet crushing apparatus of the present invention, the input waste is sent from the lower part of the liquid cyclone to the external circulation path, and finely crushed in the middle of the circulation path to separate foreign substances. By returning to the hydrocyclone again, debris such as plastic having a low specific gravity overflows from the top of the hydrocyclone and is recovered, and metals having a high specific gravity are collected by settling at the bottom of the hydrocyclone and recovered by a single external circulation. Since the non-separated waste is repeatedly sent into the circulation path until the separation is completed, it is possible to reliably separate the waste to which the heterogeneous substances are firmly bound.

Further, since a crushing pump is employed as the crushing means, a forced circulating device such as another pump is not required, and the wet crushing device can have a simple structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic longitudinal sectional front view showing a wet crushing apparatus according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line BB of a.

FIG. 2 is a partially omitted longitudinal sectional view showing the crushing pump of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional front view showing a wet crushing apparatus according to a second embodiment incorporated in a carbonized object manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing a conventional wet crushing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid cyclone 2 Circulation path 3 Crushing pump 4 Injection pipe 5 Opening 6 Plastic bottle 7 Upper cylinder wall 8 Discharge port 9 Cylinder bottom 10 Valve 11 Lower cylinder wall 12, 13 Connection port 14 Collision plate 15 Impeller 16 Crushing impeller 17 Casing 18 Cutting blade 19 Shroud ring 20 Discharge port 21 Crushing grid 22 Wet crushing device 23 Waste 24 Hopper 25 Rotary kiln 26 Cooling device 27 Dehydration device 28 Drying device 29 Combustion furnace 30 Exhaust gas 31 Outer cylinder 32 Rotating drum 33, 34 Screw conveyor 35 Feeding Port 36 Discharge port 37 Nitrogen gas 38 Water tank 39 Chute 40 Pyrolysis gas 41 Discharge hole 42 Air 43 Screw conveyor 44 Liquid cyclone 45 Circulation path 46 Crushing pump 47 Input pipe 48 Opening 49 Discharge port 50 Valve 51 Collision plate 52 Screen 6 Reference Signs List 1 tank 62 crushing pump 63 recovery device 64 hole 65 input pipe 66 discharge pipe 67 recovery container 68 electric motor

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Haruyuki Ono 1-112-19 Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka City Inside Kurimoto Iron Works, Ltd. (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Hizuka 1-112-19 Kitahorie, Nishi-ku, Osaka F-term in Kurimoto Works (reference) 4D053 AA03 AB04 BA01 BB02 BC03 BD01 CA21 CC16 CD07 DA10 4D065 CA16 CB03 CC01 EA05 EA08 EB14 EC07 ED03 ED41 ED46 4D067 EE02 EE14 EE42 GA16 GB03 4D071AB23 AB15 BA21 BE01 BE05 BE37 BF03 BF09 BF12 CA41 CA52 CA64

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A wet crusher in which the upper and lower parts of a hydrocyclone are connected by an external circulation path, the contents of the hydrocyclone are circulated from the lower part to the upper part by this circulation path, and crushing means is provided in the middle of this circulation path. . 2. The wet crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said crushing means is a crushing pump.