JP3436502B2 - Wet crusher - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wet crushing apparatus for crushing waste and selecting and recovering useful substances contained in the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The treatment of a large amount of waste has become a major social problem, and from the viewpoint of environmental protection and effective use of resources, it is necessary to use useful substances contained in waste as much as possible. Efforts are being made to recover and recycle. In recent years, in order to facilitate this recycling, wastes such as plastic containers have been actively separated and collected. A crushing means is often used for the treatment of the separated and collected waste.

Conventionally, as a means for crushing waste, a dry method using a shredder or the like has been widely adopted. However, the dry method has a problem that noise is large and crushed fragments are scattered around. Further, there is a problem that glued paper or the like such as a label of a plastic bottle cannot be separated by the dry method.

In order to solve the above problem, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-285409 discloses a wet crushing device for crushing plastic waste such as bottles in a liquid. As shown in FIG. 4, this crushing apparatus separates crushed waste fragments from a water-filled waste input tank 61, a crushing pump 62 that crushes the waste supplied from the tank 61. It is composed of a collecting device 63 for collecting.

A charging pipe 65 having a large number of holes 64 is arranged in the tank 61.
The waste that has been put into is crushed by being supplied to the crushing pump 62 together with the water that enters through the holes 64. The crushed waste fragments are sent to the recovery container 67 of the recovery device 63 through the discharge pipe 66 together with water. The side wall of the recovery container 67 is formed by a mesh, and by rotating the recovery container 67 with the electric motor 68, the waste fragments mixed with water are centrifugally dehydrated and used as a raw material for the regeneration process.

When processing a plastic bottle with a stopper by this crushing apparatus, it is said that the metal stopper is separated by a dry crusher in advance. Further, when treating a staple-attached waste such as an egg pack, it is possible to separate the staple by using a magnet in the recovery container 67.

In the conventional wet crushing apparatus described above, the waste is crushed only once by the crushing pump, so that the waste, such as a plastic bottle with a stopper, to which different substances are firmly fixed is separated in advance. There is a need. In addition to this, there are various kinds of wastes in which different kinds of substances are firmly bonded, such as wastes in which wires are entangled, metal is embedded, and electric cables coated with resin. Further, even if a foreign substance that can be separated such as staple, a non-magnetic metal such as aluminum or a non-metallic foreign substance such as a tile cannot be separated and removed by the method using a magnet.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a wet crushing apparatus which can reliably separate even waste materials in which different kinds of substances are firmly bound.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the wet crushing apparatus of the present invention connects the upper and lower parts of a liquid cyclone by an external circulation path, and the contents of the liquid cyclone are connected to the lower part by this circulation path. From the above to the upper part, a structure was adopted in which a crushing means was provided in the middle of this circulation path.

That is, the waste material to which different kinds of substances are bound is sent from the lower part of the liquid cyclone to the external circulation path, the waste material is finely crushed in the middle of this circulation path to separate the different kinds of substances, and then returned to the liquid cyclone again. The debris such as plastic with a light specific gravity was made to overflow from the upper part of the liquid cyclone and collected, and the metal and the like with a heavy specific gravity were settled at the bottom of the liquid cyclone and collected.
Fragments with an intermediate specific gravity, in which different substances are not separated in one external circulation, descend while swirling in the hydrocyclone, and are repeatedly fed into the circulation path until the separation is completed.

By using a crushing pump as the crushing means, a forced circulation device such as another pump can be eliminated.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 show the first
2 shows an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), this wet crushing device includes a crushing pump 3 provided in the middle of a hydrocyclone 1 and a circulation path 2 connected to the hydrocyclone 1.
It consists of and. Into the center of the liquid cyclone 1 is inserted a throw-in pipe 4 into which waste is thrown, and an opening 5 is provided at the lower end thereof. In this embodiment, a plastic bottle 6 is thrown in as waste. Further, a discharge port 8 for overflow is provided on the upper cylinder wall 7 of the liquid cyclone 1, and a valve 10 for discharging foreign matter such as a plug of the plastic bottle 6 is attached to the cylinder bottom 9.

The lower cylinder wall 11 of the liquid cyclone 1 is provided with a lower connection port 12 of the circulation path 2 facing the opening 5 of the charging pipe 4, and the upper cylinder wall 7 is provided with two branched upper connections. A port 13 is provided and the upper connection port 13 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b), the tangential direction of the upper cylinder wall 7 is oriented. The plastic bottle 6 flowing into the liquid cyclone 1 through the opening 5 of the charging pipe 4 is sucked into the circulation path 2 through the lower connection port 12, finely crushed by the crushing pump 3 and separated from foreign matter such as a mouth plug, and foreign matter. At the same time, the liquid is returned from the upper connection port 13 into the liquid cyclone 1. The reason why the two upper connection ports 13 are provided is to change the strength of the swirl flow near the water surface. When the upper connection port 13 is used, the swirl flow becomes stronger, and when the lower connection port 13 is used, the swirl flow is increased. The flow becomes weak.

The fragments of the plastic bottle 6 which have been finely crushed and separated from the foreign matter float in the liquid cyclone 1 and are collected from the overflow outlet 8. A collision plate 14 is attached to the discharge port 8 to prevent foreign matter having a relatively small specific gravity from being directly discharged from the discharge port 8.

On the other hand, the separated foreign matter having a large specific gravity descends while swirling in the hydrocyclone 1 and settles on the tube bottom 9, and the settled foreign matter is discharged by appropriately opening the valve 10. Further, the fragments of the plastic bottle 6 which have not been completely separated from the foreign matter by one crushing in the circulation path 2 also descend while rotating, and are repeatedly fed into the circulation path 2 from the lower connection port 12. And is further crushed until the foreign matter is separated.

As mentioned above, the plastic bottle 6
Is the crushing pump 3 in the circulation path 2 from the opening 5 of the charging pipe 4.
Since it is sucked into and is subjected to a crushing action once, the empty plastic bottle 6 closed by the spout is discharged from the overflow outlet 8 without being crushed, or the plastic bottle 6 containing foreign matter such as sand. However, there is no danger of being crushed as it is and settling on the cylinder bottom 9, and the plastic can be collected with high efficiency.

The crushing pump 3 is, as shown in FIG.
Crushing impeller 16 attached to the tip side of the impeller 15
With the cutting blade 18 and the shroud ring 19 attached to the inside of the casing 17, the sucked plastic bottle 6 is crushed, and the fragments are discharged from the discharge port 20 to the circulation path 2. A crushing grid 21 is also provided between the impeller 15 and the crushing impeller 16 to enhance the crushing efficiency.

When treating wastes larger than the dimensions of the charging pipe 4 and the piping of the circulation path 2, such as a tire with a steel cord, these wastes are roughly cut or roughly crushed in advance. Good to do. Further, when the specific gravities of the different substances to be bound are both higher or lower than that of water, the crushed and separated fragments can be sorted and recovered by another means.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment. The wet crushing device 22 is incorporated in a device for producing a carbonized body from a combustible waste 23. This carbonized object manufacturing apparatus inputs a rotary kiln 25 that carbonizes the combustible waste 23 that is input from the hopper 24, a cooling device 26 that cools the carbonized object obtained by the rotary kiln 25, and a cooled carbonized object that is input. Wet crushing device 22, a dehydrating device 27 for dehydrating the carbonized body from which foreign substances have been separated by the wet crushing device 22, and a drying device 28 for drying the dehydrated carbonized body.
It consists of and.

The rotary kiln 25 circulates the exhaust gas 30 of the combustion furnace 29 outside the system into the outer cylinder 31 to make the rotary drum 3
An external heating type that heats 2 and has an inlet 35 and an outlet 36 provided with screw conveyors 33 and 34, respectively.
The nitrogen gas 37 is supplied from the inside to make the inside of the rotary drum 32 a substantially oxygen-free atmosphere.

At the discharge port 36 of the rotary kiln 25, a chute 39 for dropping the carbonized material into the water tank 38 of the cooling device 26, and a pyrolysis gas 40 generated in the rotary drum 32.
The exhaust hole 41 is provided and the pyrolysis gas 40 is supplied to the combustion furnace 29 together with the air 42. Further, the tip of the chute 39 is immersed in the water tank 38, and is sealed from the atmosphere by a water seal. The carbonized objects cooled in the water tank 38 are
It is discharged by the screw conveyor 43 and put into the wet crushing device 22.

The wet crushing device 22 has a liquid cyclone 44 and a liquid cyclone 44, as in the first embodiment.
And a crushing pump 46 provided in the middle of a circulation path 45 that is circulated from below to above.
At the center of the liquid cyclone 44, a charging pipe 47 into which the carbonized material discharged by the screw conveyor 43 is charged is inserted, and an opening 48 is provided at the lower end thereof. A discharge port 49 for overflow is provided on the upper cylinder wall of the liquid cyclone 44, and a valve 50 for discharging foreign matter is provided on the cylinder bottom.
Is attached.

The carbonized substance flowing into the hydrocyclone 44 from the opening 48 of the charging pipe 47 is the hydrocyclone 44.
Is sucked into the circulation path 45 from the lower part of the
Finely crushed at 6. The carbonized material flowing into the hydrocyclone 44 contains foreign matters such as pebbles and wires, chlorides, etc., but is finely crushed to separate the foreign matters. In addition, chloride easily dissolves in water and is efficiently removed. The separated carbonized matter and foreign matter are returned to the liquid cyclone 44 from above.

The carbonized material, which has been finely crushed and separated from the foreign matter, floats in the hydrocyclone 44, is recovered from the overflow outlet 49, and is sent to the dehydrator 27. The chloride removed from the carbonized material and dissolved in the water is also discharged from the discharge port 49 together with the water, and the dehydrator 2
Sent to 7. A collision plate 51 and a mesh screen 52 are attached to the discharge port 49 to prevent a carbonized object containing a small amount of foreign matter and having a relatively small specific gravity from being directly discharged from the discharge port 49.

On the other hand, the separated foreign matter having a large specific gravity descends while swirling in the hydrocyclone 44 and settles on the bottom of the cylinder, and the settled foreign matter opens the valve 50,
It is appropriately discharged outside the system. Further, the carbonized material which has not been completely separated from the foreign matter by one crushing in the circulation path 45 also descends while turning, is repeatedly fed into the circulation path 45, and is further crushed.

In the dehydrator 27, the solid and the liquid are separated, and the carbonized material separated as the solid is dried by the dryer 28.
It is then dried and recycled as a solid fuel, soil conditioner, raw material for activated carbon, etc.

In the above-described embodiment, waste such as plastic bottles and carbonized objects that are put into the hydrocyclone is sucked into the circulation path by the crushing pump to be crushed. However, a pump for forced circulation in the circulation path is used. Etc. and a rotary blade or the like for crushing waste can be separately provided.

[0028]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the wet crushing apparatus of the present invention feeds the waste to be introduced into the external circulation path from the lower part of the liquid cyclone, and crushes finely in the middle of this circulation path to separate different substances. By returning to the liquid cyclone again, debris such as plastic with a light specific gravity overflows from the upper part of the liquid cyclone and is recovered, and metal with a heavy specific gravity is precipitated and collected at the bottom of the liquid cyclone, and once with external circulation. Since the waste that is not separated is repeatedly fed into the circulation path until the separation is completed, it is possible to reliably separate even the waste in which different substances are firmly bound.

Further, since the crushing pump is adopted as the crushing means, the forced crushing device such as another pump is not required, and the wet crushing device can have a simple structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic vertical sectional front view showing a wet crushing apparatus according to a first embodiment, and b is a sectional view taken along line BB of a.

FIG. 2 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view showing the crushing pump of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional front view showing a wet crushing device according to a second embodiment incorporated into a carbonized object manufacturing device.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing a conventional wet crushing device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Hydrocyclone 2 circulation path 3 crushing pump 4 Input pipe 5 openings 6 plastic bottles 7 Upper wall 8 outlets 9 Tube bottom 10 valves 11 Lower cylinder wall 12, 13 Connection port 14 collision plate 15 Impeller 16 crushing impeller 17 casing 18 cutting edge 19 Shroud Ring 20 outlets 21 crushing grid 22 Wet crusher 23 Waste 24 hoppers 25 rotary kiln 26 Cooling system 27 Dehydrator 28 Dryer 29 Combustion furnace 30 exhaust gas 31 outer cylinder 32 rotating body 33, 34 screw conveyor 35 slot 36 outlet 37 Nitrogen gas 38 aquarium 39 shoots 40 pyrolysis gas 41 Discharge hole 42 air 43 screw conveyor 44 Hydrocyclone 45 Circulation path 46 crushing pump 47 Input pipe 48 openings 49 outlet 50 valves 51 collision plate 52 screen 61 tank 62 crushing pump 63 Recovery device 64 holes 65 Input pipe 66 discharge pipe 67 Collection container 68 electric motor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Hizuka 1-12-19 Kitahori, Nishi-ku, Osaka City Kurimoto Iron Works Co., Ltd. (56) References JP 2000-248288 (JP, A) (58) Survey Areas (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B03B 1/00-13/06 B02C 18/40 B02C 23/22 B04C 9/00 B29B 17/00-17/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A wet crushing apparatus in which upper and lower parts of a liquid cyclone are connected by an external circulation path, the contents of the liquid cyclone are circulated from the lower part to the upper part by this circulation path, and crushing means is provided in the middle of this circulation path. . 2. The wet crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crushing means is a crushing pump.