JP3691352B2 - LIQUID CARBON FUEL USING FLAMMABLE WASTE, ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD, AND ITS MANUFACTURING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a liquid carbon fuel using a combustible waste obtained by separating general waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste, a manufacturing method thereof, and a manufacturing apparatus thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for producing this type of liquid fuel, first, the one described in JP-A-10-130663 can be mentioned, and this production method carbonizes various organic substances including waste, and powders the carbides. After the chemical treatment, it is mixed with water to obtain a liquid carbon fuel.
[0003]
In addition, as another manufacturing method, the one described in JP-A-11-349966 can also be mentioned, and this manufacturing method is combustible waste obtained by separating industrial waste, municipal waste and other general waste. The product is wet pulverized to produce a powder of 100 to 300 mesh (140 to 50 μ), this powder is sieved, and an appropriate amount of water is adjusted to form a powder fluid (dust slurry), and the dust 10 to 80 parts by weight of oil is mixed with 100 parts by weight of the slurry, and further 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of a surfactant is added to obtain a waste liquefied fuel (liquid carbon fuel).
[0004]
On the other hand, as a method for producing a solid carbon fuel, the one described in JP-A No. 11-209768 can be exemplified, and this product is produced by superheating a combustible waste in a low oxygen atmosphere to produce a carbide. The water-soluble substance and water-soluble heavy metal remaining in the carbide are removed, and the ground and washed carbide is dehydrated by a dehydrator, and the dehydrated carbide is superheated. After drying, it is cooled to obtain clean carbide (solid carbon fuel) from which salt and water-soluble heavy metals have been removed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, liquid fuel is easier to handle as fuel than solid fuel such as RDF. However, the former production method for obtaining the liquid carbon fuel described above is that the carbide is pulverized by dry pulverization such as ultrasonic agitation, so that a lot of dust is generated and the working environment is bad and the pulverization is limited. There is. The liquid carbon fuel preferably has finer pulverized carbides.
[0006]
In addition, the production method for obtaining the latter liquid fuel is a method in which the final fuel is just pulverized combustible waste. Generally, combustible waste contains a lot of oxygen atoms, and its absolute calorific value is low. In order to obtain a liquid fuel having a calorie of 6500 kcal / kg or more, the ratio of oil must be increased. In addition, combustible waste contains salt from kitchens and trace amounts of heavy metals, so the liquid fuel obtained has not only a low calorific value, but also when liquid fuel is used. In addition, there are concerns about adverse environmental effects due to contaminants, such as chlorine such as salt reacting with hydrocarbons in heavy oil to generate dioxins, and heavy metals vaporize at high temperatures and diffuse with exhaust gas.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the production method for obtaining the above-described solid carbon fuel, water-soluble substances such as salt and heavy metal in the carbide are dissolved at the time of wet pulverization, so that it is possible to obtain a solid fuel composed of the carbide from which they are removed. The fuel can be said to be safe with no adverse environmental effects caused by salt or trace amounts of heavy metals. However, since it is solid, it is inferior in handleability as a fuel as compared with a liquid one. Further, when the dehydrated carbide is solidified, if the dehydrated carbide is overheated and cooled, excess heat energy is consumed, and the production time is increased accordingly.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is to make it possible to obtain a high-calorie and clean liquid fuel at low cost under the above circumstances.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention first reduces the proportion of oil in the case of a high-calorie liquid fuel because the carbide has less oxygen atoms than flammable waste and has high heat generation. In view of this point, a liquid fuel in which the carbide is made into a slurry is obtained.
[0010]
Next, in order to make the carbides safe with little adverse effects on the environment, salt and the like that cause the adverse effects during fine pulverization are dissolved in water and removed. If the carbide is pulverized, salt and the like contained therein can be easily dissolved, and pulverized coal containing no harmful substances can be obtained.
[0011]
Further, if pulverized in water, that is, wet pulverized, the pulverizer becomes a pulverized coal slurry, and by dehydrating it, a liquid fuel having the required moisture can be obtained. In order to improve calories, the fuel is mixed with oil such as heavy oil or waste oil to obtain a liquid carbon fuel.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention, combustible waste obtained by separating municipal waste and other general waste is carbonized, and the carbide is pulverized in water to form pulverized coal and contained in the carbide. The structure which removes the water-soluble substance which is removed, dehydrates the carbide slurry produced | generated by the grinding | pulverization in water to make wet pulverized coal, and mixes oil with the wet pulverized coal can be employ | adopted. At this time, it is preferable to add about 0.1 to 5% by weight of a dispersion stabilizer together with the oil.
[0013]
In this configuration, if the wet pulverized coal is pulverized even when the wet pulverized coal and oil are mixed, the pulverized coal in the fuel becomes finer and the dispersibility of the carbide is improved.
[0014]
The average particle size of the pulverized coal may be 100 μm or less, and the mixing ratio of the oil may be 70 to 150 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the wet pulverized coal. As the liquid fuel, the pulverized coal preferably has an average particle size of 100 μm or less, more preferably 50 μm or less. The pulverization to 50 μm or less can be performed at the time of mixing with oil. Moreover, the mixing amount of the oil is preferably within the above range from the viewpoint of economy and calorie as fuel.
[0015]
As an embodiment of the manufacturing apparatus constituting the manufacturing method of each of the above embodiments, a carbonization furnace for carbonizing combustible waste obtained by separating municipal waste and other general waste, and a fine powder obtained by pulverizing the carbide in water A wet pulverizer that removes water-soluble substances contained in the carbides as well as charcoal, a dehydrator that separates the carbide slurry obtained by the pulverization into wet pulverized coal and wastewater, and the dehydrated wet pulverized coal The structure which consists of a mixer which mixes oil can be employ | adopted.
[0016]
In this configuration, in order to obtain pulverized coal having the required particle size described above, the pulverizer, the type of the mixer, the pulverization (mixing) time, and the like are appropriately selected.
[0017]
【Example】
One embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, in which 1 is a kiln type carbonization furnace, 2 is a combustion furnace that sends hot air f to the carbonization furnace 1, and 3 is a finely divided carbide a1 discharged from the carbonization furnace ₁ in water. A wet pulverizer 4 for pulverizing, 4 is a dehydrator for separating the pulverized coal slurry a ₃ produced by the wet pulverizer ₃ into wet pulverized coal a ₄ and water, and 5 is a wet pulverized coal a ₄ , oil b and dispersion stabilizer. An agitator (mixer) for uniformly mixing c to produce liquid carbon fuel a ₅ , 6 is a liquid carbon fuel storage tank. As the dispersion stabilizer, all commercially available CCOM (carbonized and oil mixed fuel) can be used, and representative examples include surfactants and ethyl alcohol.
[0018]
Combustible waste a is supplied to the carbonization furnace 1 by a supply machine 7, and the supply machine 7 is connected to a supply line 8 for nitrogen gas d so that the nitrogen gas d is supplied into the carbonization furnace 1. The inside of 1 is almost oxygen-free or low-oxygen atmosphere. Further, the carbonization furnace 1 is provided with an outer cylinder 9 that covers the outside, and a high-temperature gas (hot air) f is supplied to the outer cylinder 9 to indirectly heat the inside of the furnace 1. For this reason, since the inside of the furnace 1 is almost oxygen-free at a high temperature, the combustible waste a is pyrolyzed into gaseous pyrolysis gas e such as CO and hydrocarbon gas and solid carbide a ₁ .
[0019]
At this time, the combustible waste a contains organic chloride such as vinyl chloride resin and inorganic chloride such as salt, and the organic chloride is decomposed into chlorine gas, hydrogen chloride gas, etc. The product remains in the carbide a ₁ . Moreover, a wire, an electric cord (copper wire) or the like cannot be removed and may be mixed into the combustible waste a, and foreign matters such as a wire and a copper wire also remain in the carbide a ₁ . In many cases, these foreign substances are entangled with the combustible waste a when subjected to the crushing action in the crushing process of the pretreatment.
[0020]
The combustible waste a supplied into the carbonization furnace 1 is subjected to the above-described thermal decomposition action and carbonized, and then receives the rotational action of the furnace 1 and moves to the discharge device 10 side composed of a screw conveyor. ₁ falls from the discharge device 10 to the cooling water tank 11 below, and a gas such as pyrolysis gas e and nitrogen gas d is sent to the combustion furnace 2 from a nozzle provided in the middle of the discharge device 10. In the combustion furnace 2, the combustible gas in the gas is burned and becomes a high-temperature gas. Most of the high-temperature gas is used as a circulating gas f to the outer cylinder 9, and a part thereof is released into the atmosphere through an exhaust gas treatment device (not shown).
[0021]
The discharge device 10 and the cooling water tank 11 are connected by a chute 12. A connection port for the circulation pump 13 for circulating the slurry in the cooling water tank 11 and a connection port for the replenishing water W for the cooling water tank 11 are connected to the chute 12. Is provided. The carbide a ₁ is cooled in the chute 12 by slurry and makeup water W, and after being mixed with the water W, falls into the cooling water tank 11. A mixture of the carbide a ₁ and water at the bottom of the cooling water tank 11, that is, the carbide slurry a ₂ is transferred to the wet pulverizer 3 by the screw conveyor 11 a.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the wet pulverizer 3 includes a liquid cyclone 13, a circulation line 14 that circulates the slurry a ₂ in the cyclone 13, and a pulverization pump 15 provided in the middle of the circulation line 14. . A charging pipe 16 is provided at the center of the hydrocyclone 13, and the carbide slurry a ₂ charged from the upper part is sucked into the crushing pump 15 from the lower part of the charging pipe 16, and the crushing action of the crushing pump 15 is performed. After receiving, it is returned to the top of the hydrocyclone 13. In this way, the carbide a ₁ descends while swirling in the hydrocyclone 13 and is sucked into the crushing pump 15 again. By this circulation action, the crushing action of the crushing pump 15 is repeatedly received, and the average particle diameter is reduced. Becomes pulverized coal of 100 μm or less. Further, the foreign matter such as the above-mentioned wire is pulverized together with the carbide a ₁ , and the entanglement between the two disappears, and the separated foreign matter has a large specific gravity, and thus settles in the lower part of the liquid cyclone 13. In addition to the above-described wires and copper wires, there are aluminum pieces, metal buttons, and the like as foreign matters, and these settled foreign matters i are discharged after the operation is completed.
[0023]
At this time, if the average particle size of the carbide a ₁ is finely pulverized to 100 μm or less by the wet pulverizer 3, the pulverized coal can be dispersed almost uniformly in the liquid carbon fuel as the final product. In addition, since the carbide a ₁ is pulverized to pulverized coal, inorganic salts such as salt are surely brought into contact with water and are almost completely dissolved in water. Similarly, soluble heavy metals also dissolve in water. In this way, the wet pulverizer 3 not only removes inorganic salts and soluble heavy metals by dissolving them in water, but if the particle size is suitable for dispersion, a fine pulverization step is not necessary in the subsequent step. Product production costs can be reduced. In the figure, 18 is a collision plate and 19 is a screen.
[0024]
In wet pulverizer 3, carbide a ₁ is milled slurry a ₃ that is ground to pulverized coal, overflows a wet pulverizer 3, once, after being stored in the storage tank 17 by the pump 17a, dehydrator Sent to 4. The dehydrator 4 is a centrifugal dehydrator or the like, whereby the pulverized coal slurry a ₃ is separated into wet pulverized coal a ₄ having a water content of 20 to 30% by weight and drainage. Since this waste water contains inorganic salts and soluble heavy metals, it is discharged out of the system after waste water treatment. On the other hand, the wet pulverized coal a ₄ is transferred to the next stirrer (mixer) 5 where it is stirred and mixed together with the oil b and the dispersion stabilizer c and stored in the storage tank 6 as the liquid carbon fuel a ₅ .
[0025]
FIG. 3 shows another wet pulverizer 30. This wet pulverizer 30 is also called a medium agitation mill, and a product to be pulverized is stirred together with the medium g to produce a fine pulverized product. It is suitable for. In the example shown in the figure, a hollow rotating shaft 32 is provided in a cylindrical container 31, and the carbide slurry a ₂ is stirred and pulverized by a stirring paddle 33 attached to the outside of the rotating shaft 32. The carbide slurry a ₂ is introduced from the top of the rotating shaft 32 and introduced into the bottom of the cylindrical container 31 from the inside of the hollow shaft 32, and after being subjected to sufficient stirring and pulverizing action, is discharged by overflow. In the figure, 34 is a baffle plate, 35 is a return blade, 36 is a pulley for driving the hollow shaft 32, and 37 is a bearing supported by the container 31 via an arm 38.
[0026]
The medium stirring mill 30 can also be used as the stirrer 5 used for mixing the wet pulverized coal a ₄ and the oil b. In such a case, not only mere mixing, but also the pulverized coal a ₄ is further pulverized, and the pulverized surface comes into contact with the oil b and the like, so that the familiarity with the oil b and the like is improved, and the average particle size is 50 μm or less. Dispersibility is improved by micronization. Desirably, if the average particle size is pulverized to about 10 to 30 μm, more preferably about 15 to 20 μm by the medium stirring mill 30, the dispersibility is improved.
[0027]
Since the liquid carbon fuel a ₅ produced as described above uses wet pulverized coal a ₄ having a moisture content of 20 to 30%, it contains 8 to 18% moisture. Generally, the liquid carbon fuel a ₅ By containing 3 to 18% of water, thixotropy is improved and sedimentation of pulverized coal a ₄ can be suppressed. Therefore, in this invention, the addition of water and, without drying the wet pulverized coal a _4, it is possible to make liquid carbon fuel a ₅ moisture content of interest. The liquid carbon fuel a ₅ can secure a calorie of 6500 kcal / kg or more, depending on the calorific value of the oil b used and the mixing ratio of the wet pulverized coal a ₄ and the oil b.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention has been described above, liquid carbon fuel can be obtained at low cost with clean carbides.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a wet pulverizer according to the embodiment, (a) is a schematic cut front view, and (b) is a plan view. Outline cut front view of other wet pulverizers [Explanation of symbols]
1 Carbonization furnace 2 Combustion furnace 3 Wet grinding machine 4 Dehydrator 5 Stirrer (mixer)
6 Storage tank 7 Supply machine 8 Nitrogen gas supply line 9 Outer cylinder 10 Discharge device 11 Cooling water tank 12 Circulation pump 13 Liquid cyclone 14 Circulation line 15 Grinding pump 16 Input pipe 30 Wet grinding machine (medium agitation mill)
33 Stirring paddle a Combustible waste a ₁ Carbide a ₂ Carbide slurry a ₃ Pulverized coal slurry a ₄ Wet pulverized coal a ₅ Liquid carbon fuel b Oil c Dispersion stabilizer

Claims (6)

Combustible waste a obtained by separating municipal waste and other general waste is carbonized, and the carbide a ₁ is pulverized in water to form pulverized coal and water-soluble substances contained in the carbide a ₁ A method for producing a liquid carbon fuel using a combustible waste that is removed and dehydrated into a wet pulverized coal a ₄ by dehydrating the carbide slurry a ₃ produced by the pulverization in water and mixing the oil b with the wet pulverized coal a ₄ . In claim 1, the manufacturing method of the liquid carbon fuel using combustible waste, characterized in that even during mixing with the wet pulverized coal a ₄ and oil b was set to grinding said wet pulverized coal a _4. According to claim 1 or 2, with average particle size of the pulverized coal a ₄ are milled so that less 100 microns, the mixing ratio of the oil b, with respect to the wet pulverized coal a ₄ 100 parts by weight of 70 to 150 The manufacturing method of the liquid carbon fuel using the combustible waste characterized by setting it as a weight part. The combustible waste according to claim 3, wherein, when the wet pulverized coal a ₄ and the oil b are mixed, the wet pulverized coal a ₄ is pulverized to have an average particle size of 50 µ or less. Of liquid carbon fuel using Liquid carbon fuel using the combustible waste obtained by the manufacturing method of Claim 3 or 4. An apparatus for performing a method of making any of claims 1 to 4, the carbonization furnace 1, the carbide a ₁ water to carbonize the combustible waste a obtained by fractionating general wastes such as municipal waste To pulverize the pulverized coal and remove the water-soluble substances contained in the carbide a ₁ , and the pulverized carbide slurry a ₃ is separated into wet pulverized coal a ₄ and waste water. An apparatus for producing liquid carbon fuel using combustible waste, comprising a dehydrator 4 and a mixer 5 for mixing the dehydrated wet pulverized coal a ₄ with oil b.

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