CN103571562A

CN103571562A - Production method for preparing fuel of internal combustion engine by straw elemental carbon

Info

Publication number: CN103571562A
Application number: CN201310576814.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱刚; 钱雷; 钱生球
Original assignee: 钱刚
Priority date: 2013-11-10
Filing date: 2013-11-10
Publication date: 2014-02-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-10
Also published as: CN103571562B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing fuel of an internal combustion engine by straw elemental carbon, and belongs to the technical field of energy resources. Liquid fuel which is subjected to low-temperature carbonization, graphitization and super refining and is dispersed in an alcohol solution is utilized in the method. The fuel is disperse in colloidal state, long in stable time, easy to ignite and high in energy density and suitable for being used by the internal combustion engine.

Description

Stalk simple substance carbon is prepared the production method of automotive fuel

One, technical field

Stalk carbon of the present invention is prepared the production method of automotive fuel, and carbon in alcohol liquid, belongs to technical field of new energies with colloidal dispersion.

Two, background technology

Fossil energy is mainly coal and oil.According to Expert forecast, oil only can be exploited 30 years for the mankind, and coal resources, the mankind also can exploit 300 years.China is the country of the few oily resource of a rich coal, and it is urgent and have a strategic energy security meaning that coal liquefaction is replaced to oil.Prior art---coal liquefaction is mainly chemical process.Coal and the petroleum chemical ingredient key distinction are that oil is hydrocarbon polymer, and coal is mainly carbon and lack hydrogen atom.On oil molecule, each carbon atom is in conjunction with two left and right hydrogen atoms, and hydrocarbon atom mass ratio is 86:14.And hydrogen content of coal atom is seldom, therefore adopt the method for Hydrogenation, can make coal become hydrocarbon polymer and liquefy.But hydrogenation technique complexity in actual industrial and cost is expensive, unfavorable all-round popularization is used.Another is physics liquifying method, and economy is simple and easy again.Be about to coal and pulverize, be dispersed in water suspension, add tensio-active agent it is stablized more than 30 days, be i.e. coal water slurry.Some countries of this technology maturation ，Bing world and China promote the use of, and are a kind of clean liquid fuels, can replace heavy oil.Mainly being used in oil-firing boiler, steel-making, dry kiln and coal water slurry gas processed produces in the technique of chemical fertilizer.All fine to environment protection and economic benefit.In life-time service, also find that water coal slurry replacing oil burning exists some significant deficiency: 1. coal water slurry is the loose suspensoid of rough segmentation, and coal grain is generally at 75～100 microns (200 orders).Be easy to precipitation, knot lump, it is hard crystalline state that 2. coal grain is used in impact, hard as fine sand, easily damage burning nozzle, oilness without oil, also easily damage cylinder, cannot on oil engine, use and 3. start ignition difficulty, large quantity of moisture must have an evaporation endothermic process when burning, make 4. spray burning of combustion slurry ignition heat increase, small-particle coal plays a decisive role, and that coal slurry forms large drop (100 about μ m) is very unfavorable to trouble-free burning, machine can not smooth operation 5. energy density is low, be only that 6. 50% of diesel oil contain ash content up to 15%, slagging scorification is serious.So coal water slurry can't be used popularization on oil engine at present.

Three, summary of the invention

The defect existing for overcoming above-mentioned water coal slurry replacing oil fuel, studies intensively for a long time through applicant, solves an above-mentioned difficult problem and has completed the present invention.

The technical solution scheme of invention is to select reproducible stalk to make raw material: 1. hard crystalline state carbon is passed through to graphitization processing; become decolorizing carbon; hardness obviously declines; and there is lubricant properties and 2. pass through ultrafining treatment; carbon granules fineness is 500～900nm (nanometer); suspension stability and material fluidity are greatly improved and 3. use alcohol as disperse phase; improve energy density, 4. the acid dipping of stalk and carbonization at low temperature make ash content drop to below 0.5% the 5. lubricating property of graphite matter to have protected nozzle and cylinder piston and oil engine normal operation to have solved ignition difficulties.

Four, specific implementation method

The moisture stalk lower than 25% is smashed to 10～24 orders with Universalpulverizer, straw powder is placed on containing flooding in acid brine solution, dry, in the process furnace of rotation, to the whole blackening of straw powder, decompression is warming up to 1000 ℃, keep 1 hour, cooling discharging, washing is refining, put into ball mill and be crushed to 50 microns, squeeze into again colloidal mill, levelling tooth pitch, granularity to 5 micron, with pump, squeeze into high pressure homogenizer, with 600kg/cm ²pressure homogeneous micronization to 500～900nm, dehydration, is dispersed in alcoholic solution, adds tensio-active agent, mixes, and making beating, is packaged as finished product (liquid state).Also can not add alcohol, by dry materials, pulverize, become wettable powder, during use, add alcohol and be separated into liquid state.

The present invention and traditional coal water slurry have substantive technical progress:

1. product is stabilized in more than 200 days, and coal water slurry is generally at 30 days, and this is just conducive to transportation stores, easy to use.

2. energy density is 7.4 kilocalories/kg, than coal water slurry 4.7 kilocalories/kg, improves 50%

3. the average liquid grain of nozzle atomization is less than 1 micron, and coal water slurry is 100 microns

4. ash content is less than 0.5% has significantly and reduces than water coal 15%, without residue, and easily cylinder cleaning

5. have oilness, nozzle spraying gun can use more than 1 year.And coal water slurry is used domestic nozzle only 20 days, import is also no more than two months.Therefore being applicable to oil engine uses.At diesel oil board machine, test easy retrofire, can longer-term smooth operation.

Specific examples:

Example 1:

By 300kg, moisture 20% wheat stalk is smashed to 20 orders on omnipotent crusher, and Wheat Straw powder is put into acidproof 500L container, adds the aqueous solution of the PH=3 of 5%NH4C1, to grass meal, is submerged and is as the criterion.Place 8 hours, pull out, washing, on drier, dewater, enter rotary type heating furnace, control 350 ℃ ± 20 ℃ of temperature, the whole blackening of straw powder after 2 hours, decompression, is warming up to 1000 ℃, 1.5h, to overflowing without sour gas such as HS, cooling discharging, adds the refining desalination of washing, and putting into ball mill wet-milling to granularity is 50 microns.In sending into colloidal mill, levelling backlash, is milled to 5 microns of left and right by material, with being pumped in high pressure homogenizer, with 600kg/cm ²press and process.Granularity is less than 1 micron, squeezes in modulation tank, adds 30kg ethanol, dispersed with stirring, then add butyl naphthalene sulfonate (pulling open powder) 0.3kg gum arabic 0.5kg, fatty acid calcium 0.2kg, then use high speed agitator emulsification, be packaged as finished product 130kg.

Example 2:

By 300kg straw, be crushed to 10 orders, all the other operate with example 1, and modulation adds 40kg methyl alcohol, and alkyl benzene calcium sulfonate 0.2kg, goes back virgin rubber 0.5kg, and polysorbate60 0.3kg, then homogeneous pack to obtain finished product 140kg.

Example 3:

By corn stalk 300kg, moisture 25%, be crushed to 24 orders, all the other operations are the same, and modulation adds Virahol 30kg, sapn 0.3kg, fatty acid calcium 0.2kg, PVA0.3kg, CMC-Na0.2kg obtains finished product 128kg.

Example 4:

Sawdust 300kg, steeping fluid is 5%ZnCl ₂, PH=2, all the other operational conditions are with example 1, and modulation adds the assorted amylalcohol 30kg of brewery's by-product, sodium lignosulfonate 0.5kg, PVA0.3kg, gum arabic 0.2kg, obtains finished product 132kg.

Example 5:

The leaf 100kg that falls, is crushed to 10 orders, and treatment condition, with example 4, add octanol 10kg, alizarin assistant 0.1kg, and CMC-Na0.1kg, sodium soap 0.1kg obtains finished product 41kg.

Claims

1. stalk simple substance carbon is prepared the production method of automotive fuel, it is characterized in that: stalk is dried and is crushed to 10～24 orders/time fineness, by acid brine solution impregnation → carbonization at low temperature → greying → refining → super-refinement → dispersion → stabilization, obtain dark oil, flowable, can steady in a long-term store for oil fuel, on the oil engines such as diesel engine, use.

2. according to method described in claim 1, indication raw material stalk comprises agricultural crop straw, wood chip, and branch, fallen leaves, in sawdust and municipal wastes, carbon elements is many, organism that can charing.

3. according to method described in claim 1, acid steeping fluid is ZnCl ₂, NH ₄cl and H ₂sO ₄the aqueous solution.PH value is in 2～4 scopes.Dipping time was at 8 hours.

4. according to method described in claim 1, low-temperature carbonization refers to that being heated to 300～400 ℃ of whole blackening of material is terminal.Equipment is rotatable process furnace.

5. according to method described in claim 1, greying is under reduced pressure, with 1000 ℃ of heating, makes hard carbon crystal be converted into soft decolorizing carbon, and removes S.

6. according to claim 1 accompanying method, super-refinement is in the presence of water, the multistage super-refinement operation of using ball milling → colloidal mill → high pressure homogenizer to form, and granularity is less than 1 μ m.

7. according to method described in right claim 1, carbon particulate is dispersed in moisture alcoholic solution.Alcohol used is methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, assorted oleyl alcohol.Carbon accounts for final product quality 50～80%.

8. according to claim 1 accompanying method, stabilization is by homogeneous and additive, and they are that 1. dispersion agent is butyl naphthalene sulfonate, lignin salt, tween, sapn, fatty acid calcium, 2. stablizer is gum arabic CMC-Na, PVA, goes back virgin rubber, MCC, and it is final product quality 1% that additive adds total amount.