KR20220061672A - Waste plastic pyrolysis system with auxiliary heat sources - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a waste plastic pyrolysis system, and more specifically, to a waste plastic pyrolysis system with an auxiliary heat source. Provided is a waste plastic pyrolysis device with an auxiliary heat source comprising: a reactor (205) for pyrolysis of waste plastic; a heating unit (220) which is formed around the reactor (205) for heating the reactor (205); a burner (400) which supplies a heat source to the heating unit (220); and an auxiliary heater (430) which is connected to one side of the burner (400), and preheats air introduced into the burner (400). The present invention recovers and reuses discharged waste heat.

Description

Waste plastic pyrolysis system with auxiliary heat sources

The present invention relates to a waste plastic pyrolysis system, and more particularly, to a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source.

With the development of industry, the production of products using plastics or synthetic rubber as raw materials is rapidly increasing, but the recycling rate of waste synthetic resins such as waste plastics and rubber is only insignificant compared to the total production. The main cause of this phenomenon is that it takes a lot of money to recycle waste synthetic resin. Recycling of waste synthetic resin costs a lot of money for various reasons, but the main reason is that waste synthetic resin contains various substances. That is, the waste synthetic resin can be recycled when it is of very high purity, but when it is of low purity, a lot of cost is consumed for recycling. Therefore, it is not good from an economic point of view, and even if recycled, there is a limit to recycling due to deterioration of quality after reuse.

As a technology for recycling waste synthetic resins while reducing costs, there is a method of thermally decomposing waste synthetic resins. The pyrolysis recycling method for waste synthetic resin is a method to melt and decompose waste synthetic resin by applying high heat to waste synthetic resin, and to obtain oil by refining various oils obtained from the decomposition product. However, in the conventional pyrolysis method, rapid thermal decomposition cannot be achieved, and the process of separating and crushing the waste synthetic resin is required before the pyrolysis process, so the profitability is low.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional waste plastic pyrolysis device. As shown in Figure 1, the conventional pyrolysis system of waste plastics using a rotary kiln-type pyrolysis device uses a rotary kiln-type pyrolysis device to primary pyrolyze the waste synthetic resin, and uses a CSTR-type pyrolysis device to re-use the primary decomposition product After thermal decomposition, and using a distillation column to secure product oil (oil) from the secondary decomposition product, the product oil is purified to secure high purity oil. However, it still costs a lot of money, so profitability is low.

In addition, the conventional thermal decomposition apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 uses an oil burner or a gas burner to generate a high temperature. These oil burners or gas burners have a high risk of accidents, so site management had to be thorough, leading to a phenomenon of avoiding the site.

In addition, the high-temperature gas (about 600°C) used for pyrolysis was discharged into the atmosphere as it is, so waste heat was not recycled, which resulted in serious energy waste and environmental problems. The root cause of this conventional problem is that the heat residence time of the high-temperature heat source gas in the vicinity of the reactor is short.

1. Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1072596 (Apparatus and method for continuously obtaining high-grade oil from waste synthetic resin using a rotary kiln type pyrolysis device), 2. Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2013-0038634 (Energy-saving multi-stage rotary kiln).

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source capable of recovering and recycling the discharged waste heat.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source that allows control of the ratio of discharge and recovery to the discharged heat source.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source capable of providing a heat source of constant temperature at all times through control of the auxiliary heat source.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic pyrolysis system having a maximum heat residence time that allows a high-temperature heat source gas to stay in the vicinity of a reactor for a maximum period of time.

However, the technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned are clearly to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below. can be understood

In order to achieve the above technical problem, in the pyrolysis device, a reactor 205 for thermally decomposing waste plastics; a heating unit 220 formed around the reactor 205 for heating the reactor 205 ; a burner 400 for supplying a heat source to the heating unit 220; It is connected to one side of the burner 400, the auxiliary heater 430 for pre-heating the air flowing into the burner 400; is provided a waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it includes.

In addition, a heat source tube 230 for supplying a heat source by connecting the heating unit 220 and the burner 400; and a temperature sensor 235 provided on the heat source tube 230 , wherein the auxiliary heater 430 may operate based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor 235 .

In addition, a gas pipe 440 for supplying gas for combustion in the burner 400; a first air tube 410 for supplying air into the burner 400; and a second air tube 420 for supplying air to the auxiliary heater 430; may further include.

In addition, an oil pipe 450 for supplying the oil generated from the pyrolysis device 200 to the burner 400 may be further included.

In addition, the pyrolysis gas pipe 310 for supplying at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis device 200 to the burner 400 may be further included.

In addition, in order to recover a portion of the heat source discharged from the heating unit 220 , one end is connected to the first discharge pipe 240 of the heating unit 220 , and the other end is a recovery heat pipe connected to the input side of the auxiliary heater 430 . (242) may be further included.

In addition, the damper 250 connected to the first discharge pipe 240; a second discharge pipe 255 connected to the outlet side of the damper 250; and a return pipe 252 having one end connected to another outlet side of the damper 250 and the other end connected to the recovery heat pipe 242; ratio can be adjusted.

In addition, a spiral-shaped spiral portion 222 is formed to protrude from the inner surface of the heating unit 220 along the axial direction of the reactor 205 to spirally rotate the heat source.

In addition, the heat source tube 230 connected to the burner 400 for supplying a heat source; and a heat source distribution pipe 232 connected to the heat source tube 230 and distributing the heat source to a plurality of positions of the heating unit 220 .

In addition, an arch portion 224 of a predetermined angle is further provided in a region facing the heat source distribution pipe 232 in the heating unit 220 , so that the heat source may collide with the arch portion 224 and spread.

In addition, the auxiliary heater 430 is an electric heater.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the discharged waste heat may be recovered and recycled. Due to this, it is possible to actively cope with the problem of energy saving and pollution of the air environment.

In addition, it is possible to control the ratio of discharge and recovery with respect to the discharged heat source, and it is possible to provide a heat source with a constant temperature at all times through the control of the auxiliary heat source. Therefore, it is possible to easily drive, and it is possible to greatly reduce safety accidents such as explosions. In addition, since it can be operated with a burner of a small quantity and small capacity compared to the prior art, less manpower may be input for operation, maintenance, and management of the facility.

In addition, it is possible to provide a high-efficiency waste plastic pyrolysis system by having a maximum heat residence time that allows the high-temperature heat source gas to stay in the vicinity of the reactor for a maximum period of time.

However, the effects obtainable in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below. will be able

The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and serve to further understand the technical spirit of the present invention together with the detailed description of the present invention to be described later, so that the present invention is described in such drawings It should not be construed as being limited only to
1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional waste plastic pyrolysis device;
2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a pyrolysis device 200 in a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a burner 400 and an auxiliary heater 430 in a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4 is a configuration diagram illustrating a coupling relationship between the pyrolysis device 200 shown in FIG. 2 and the burner 400 shown in FIG. 3 .

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those of ordinary skill in the art can easily carry out the present invention. However, since the description of the present invention is merely an embodiment for structural or functional description, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiment described in the text. That is, since the embodiment is capable of various changes and may have various forms, it should be understood that the scope of the present invention includes equivalents capable of realizing the technical idea. In addition, since the object or effect presented in the present invention does not mean that a specific embodiment should include all of them or only such effects, it should not be understood that the scope of the present invention is limited thereby.

The meaning of the terms described in the present invention should be understood as follows.

Terms such as “first” and “second” are for distinguishing one component from another, and the scope of rights should not be limited by these terms. For example, a first component may be termed a second component, and similarly, a second component may also be termed a first component. When a component is referred to as “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component, but it should be understood that other components may exist in between. On the other hand, when it is mentioned that a certain element is "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that the other element does not exist in the middle. On the other hand, other expressions describing the relationship between elements, that is, "between" and "between" or "neighboring to" and "directly adjacent to", etc., should be interpreted similarly.

The singular expression is to be understood to include the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and terms such as "comprises" or "have" refer to the specified feature, number, step, action, component, part or these It is intended to indicate that a combination exists, and it is to be understood that it does not preclude the possibility of the existence or addition of one or more other features or numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

All terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms defined in the dictionary should be interpreted as being consistent with the meaning of the context of the related art, and cannot be interpreted as having an ideal or excessively formal meaning unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

embodiment Configuration

Hereinafter, the configuration of the preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a pyrolysis device 200 in a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , a high-temperature thermal decomposition reaction is performed in the reactor 205 . To this end, a second transfer device 210 for inputting raw materials such as waste plastics is provided at the front, and a third transfer device 300 for discharging residues is provided at the rear. The second and third transfer devices 210 and 300 may be a conveyor belt, a lead screw, or the like.

The reactor 205 has a cylindrical shape, and the heating unit 220 is installed around the reactor 205 to create a high-temperature atmosphere.

The spiral portion 222 has a shape of a spiral blade protruding from the inner surface of the heating unit 220 toward the reactor 205 . The spiral portion 222 is formed along the same direction as the axial direction of the reactor 205 . The spiral portion 222 guides the high-temperature heat source to flow spirally rather than linearly, thereby increasing the heat residence time in the heating portion 220 (2 to 3 seconds in total).

One end of the heat source tube 230 is connected to the outlet side of the burner 400 , and the other end is connected to the heat source distribution tube 232 to supply a high temperature (about 800° C.) heat source generated by the burner 400 .

The heat source distribution pipe 232 is installed between the heat source pipe 230 and the heating unit 220 , and distributes the supplied heat source to a plurality of positions of the heating unit 220 . In addition, in each area (reaction furnace 205 side) facing the heat source distribution pipe 232 in the heating unit 220, an arch portion 224 that is opened at a predetermined angle (eg, 90° to 120°) is provided. . The arc part 224 allows the supplied heat source to collide with the arc part 224 to more rapidly diffuse into the heating part 220 .

One end of the first discharge pipe 240 is connected to the heating unit 220 , and the other end is connected to the damper 250 . The first discharge pipe 240 functions to discharge the waste heat discharged from the heating unit 220 .

The inlet side of the damper 250 is connected to the first discharge pipe 240 , the first outlet side is connected to the second discharge pipe 255 , and the second outlet side is connected to the return pipe 252 . In the damper 250 , the ratio of the heat source discharged by the damper 250 to the heat source returned may be adjusted through manual or automatic control.

The second discharge pipe 255 discharges waste heat to the atmosphere.

One end of the recovery heat pipe 242 is branched from the first exhaust pipe 2400 , and the other end joins the inlet side of the auxiliary heater 430 .

One end of the return pipe 252 is connected to the second outlet side of the damper 250 , and the other end joins the recovery heat pipe 242 .

The pyrolysis gas pipe 310 transfers the pyrolysis gas discharged through pyrolysis to the burner 400 . The pyrolysis gas contains high boiling point substances (eg wax) and has a wide distribution of carbon number.

3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a burner 400 and an auxiliary heater 430 in a waste plastic pyrolysis system having an auxiliary heat source according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is the pyrolysis device 200 shown in FIG. 2 . It is a configuration diagram showing the coupling relationship of the burner 400 shown in FIG. As shown in Figures 3 and 4,

The auxiliary heater 430 is an electric heater with easy temperature control, and a second air tube 420 and a second pump 422 are connected to the inlet side to supply air. The second air pipe 420 is laminated with the recovery heat pipe 242 so that the recovered waste heat flows into the auxiliary heater 430 .

The burner 400 is a gas burner, and an auxiliary heater 430 is connected to one side. The supplied gas is LGP, LNG, etc., and it is used as fuel, and the gas pipe 440 is connected to the burner 400 .

The first air tube 410 and the first pump 412 are directly connected to the burner 400 and supply oxygen required for combustion. One end of the pyrolysis gas pipe 310 is connected to the third transfer device 300 , and the other end is connected to the burner 400 to supply the pyrolyzed gas into the burner 400 so that it can be used as an auxiliary fuel.

In addition, the low boiling point oil (eg, gasoline, kerosene, etc.) generated by the condensation of the pyrolysis gas is supplied into the burner 400 through the oil pipe 450 . Since this oil is in the form of high-grade oil from which the high boiling point wax is removed, it may be used as an auxiliary fuel of the burner 400 .

The heat source of high temperature (eg, 800° C.) generated by the burner 400 is transmitted to the reactor 205 through the heat source tube 230 .

embodiment movement

Hereinafter, the operation of the preferred embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, gas through the gas pipe 440 and air through the first air pipe 410 are supplied into the burner 40 to start combustion.

Then, the air supplied through the second pump 422 and the second air pipe 420 is preheated to a sufficient temperature in the auxiliary heater 430 and supplied to the burner 400 . Accordingly, in the burner 400, a high-temperature heat source (heat or high-temperature gas) heated to a desired temperature within a short time is generated. The generated heat source is transferred to the inside of the heating unit 220 through the heat source tube 230 and the heat source distribution tube 232 . As soon as the heat source enters the inside of the heating unit 220 , it collides with the arch unit 224 and rapidly diffuses to the surroundings. This quickly raises the temperature of the heating unit 220 and makes it a uniform temperature.

The heat source then moves slowly (about 2-3 seconds) along the helix 222 to conduct sufficient heat transfer (heating) to the reactor 205 . The heat source after heat transfer becomes waste heat and is discharged into the atmosphere through the first discharge pipe 240 and the second discharge pipe 255 .

At this time, a certain amount of waste heat is introduced into the auxiliary heater 430 through the recovery heat pipe 242 . Accordingly, the auxiliary heater 430 can sufficiently preheat the air even with a small amount of power.

The temperature sensor 235 of the heat source tube 230 measures the temperature of the heat source and determines whether it falls within an appropriate range. If the temperature is less than the appropriate temperature range, the damper 250 is controlled so that waste heat is introduced into the auxiliary heater 430 through the return pipe 252 and the recovery heat pipe 242 rather than being discharged. Due to this, a preheating effect can be achieved quickly even with a small amount of power.

And, when the appropriate temperature range is exceeded, the damper 250 is controlled so that waste heat is discharged through the second discharge pipe 255 . Due to this, overheating of the auxiliary heater 430 and the burner 400 can be prevented, and safety accidents such as explosion can be prevented.

The pyrolysis gas and oil generated by the pyrolysis reaction are put into the burner 400 and combusted together, thereby saving fuel and increasing efficiency.

The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed as described above is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and practice the present invention. Although the above has been described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art can use each configuration described in the above-described embodiments in a way in combination with each other. Accordingly, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the present invention. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as restrictive in all respects but as exemplary. The scope of the present invention should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all modifications within the equivalent scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. In addition, claims that are not explicitly cited in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment, or may be included as new claims by amendment after filing.

100: input device,
110: inlet,
130: shut-off valve,
200: pyrolysis device,
205: reactor,
210: a second transfer device;
220: heating unit,
222: spiral,
224: arch part,
230: heat source tube,
232: heat source distribution pipe,
240: a first discharge pipe,
242: recovery heat pipe,
250: damper,
252: return tube,
255: a second discharge pipe;
300: a third transfer device;
310: pyrolysis gas pipe,
400: burner,
410: a first air tube;
412: first pump;
420; a second air tube;
422: second pump;
430: auxiliary heater,
440: gas pipe,
450: oil pipe.

Claims (11)

In the pyrolysis device,
a reactor 205 for thermally decomposing waste plastics;
a heating unit 220 formed around the reactor 205 for heating the reactor 205 ;
a burner 400 for supplying a heat source to the heating unit 220;
and an auxiliary heater (430) connected to one side of the burner (400) to pre-heat the air flowing into the burner (400). The method of claim 1,
a heat source tube 230 connecting the heating unit 220 and the burner 400 to supply the heat source; and
It further includes; a temperature sensor 235 provided on the heat source tube 230,
The auxiliary heater (430) is a waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it operates based on the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (235). The method of claim 1,
a gas pipe 440 for supplying gas for combustion in the burner 400;
a first air pipe 410 for supplying air into the burner 400; and
A waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it further comprises; a second air pipe (420) for supplying air to the auxiliary heater (430). The method of claim 1,
Waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it further comprises an oil pipe (450) for supplying the oil generated from the pyrolysis device (200) to the burner (400). The method of claim 1,
Waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it further comprises a pyrolysis gas pipe (310) for supplying at least a portion of the pyrolysis gas generated from the pyrolysis device (200) to the burner (400). The method of claim 1,
In order to recover a portion of the heat source discharged from the heating unit 220 , one end is connected to the first discharge pipe 240 of the heating unit 220 , and the other end is connected to the input side of the auxiliary heater 430 . Waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that it further comprises a heat tube (242). 7. The method of claim 6,
a damper 250 connected to the first discharge pipe 240;
a second discharge pipe 255 connected to an outlet side of the damper 250; and
A return pipe 252 having one end connected to another outlet side of the damper 250 and the other end connected to the recovery heat pipe 242;
Waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that the ratio of the heat source discharged by the damper (250) and the heat source returned is adjusted. The method of claim 1,
A waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that a spiral spiral portion 222 is formed to protrude from the inner surface of the heating unit 220 along the axial direction of the reactor 205 to spirally rotate the heat source. The method of claim 1,
a heat source tube 230 connected to the burner 400 to supply the heat source; and
The waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source further comprising; a heat source distribution pipe (232) connected to the heat source tube (230) and distributing the heat source to a plurality of positions of the heating unit (220). 10. The method of claim 9,
An arc portion 224 of a predetermined angle is further provided in an area facing the heat source distribution pipe 232 in the heating unit 220, so that the heat source collides with the arch portion 224 and is diffused. A waste plastic pyrolysis device with an auxiliary heat source. The method of claim 1,
The auxiliary heater (430) is a waste plastic pyrolysis device having an auxiliary heat source, characterized in that the electric heater.

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