JP2001340017A - Granular medium, material for fertilizer application to seedling raising vessel using the same, and method for cultivating crop - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a seedling raising culture medium capable of giving good stretches of roots when used in raising seedling and preventing color of leaves from changing to light yellow during the raising seedling period. SOLUTION: The subject granular medium is obtained by granulating at least a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer, tourmaline, and a water retentive material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a granular medium, a material for applying fertilizer to a seedling container using the same, and a method for cultivating a crop.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, to cultivate crops, alluvial soil, dip soil, volcanic soil, humus, igneous rock, marine rock, sand and other natural minerals have been used as soil for cultivation. In general farmers, these soils were mixed with fertilizer components by a unique formulation and used as home-grown soil. However, when a fertilizer component is mixed with soil in a general farm, it tends to be uneven, and it is troublesome and labor-intensive.In recent years, granular soil obtained by granulating soil and a fertilizer component in advance has been used in recent years. , Came to be used.

[0003] As a further advanced technique, there is a fertilization technique in which even the fertilizer components required in the main field (Honda) are added to the cultivation soil used for raising seedlings, thereby reducing or eliminating the fertilizing effort in the main field (Honda). It has been devised. As an example thereof, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-123024 discloses a material obtained by granulating a slow-release fertilizer and a water retention material, and a fertilizer application material for a whole seedling raising container using the same.

[0004]

However, when the seedlings are grown using the whole amount of fertilizing material, the rooting of the seedlings is poorer than when the seedlings are grown using conventionally used granular soil. In some cases, transplantation of seedlings to Honda was hindered. In addition, when the concentration of the soluble phosphate component of the fertilizer material in the entire seedling container is high, the leaf color of the seedlings during the seedling raising period becomes yellow and pale, which is compared with the seedlings raised using the conventionally used granular soil. There is also a problem that the appearance is poor and the impression of the producer is bad.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventor has conducted intensive studies in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and as a result, has found that a granular medium containing a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer, iron tourmaline, and a water retaining material. It was found that when the seedlings were raised by using as a seedling cultivation soil, the rooting was good and the leaf color did not become yellow and pale during the seedling raising period, and the present invention was completed based on this finding.

The present invention comprises the following constitutions (1) to (7). (1) A granular medium containing a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer, tourmaline, and a water retention material.

(2) A granular medium obtained by applying a shearing force and / or a compressive force to a mixture of a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer, tourmaline and a water retention material.

(3) The first or second item, wherein the concentration of the soluble phosphate component in the granular medium is in the range of 5 to 20% by weight and the concentration of the water-soluble phosphate component is 0.1% by weight or less. A granular medium as described.

(4) Tourmaline has an average particle size of 0.1 μm to 1 m
3. The granular medium according to the above item 1 or 2, which is in the range of m.

(5) The first method, wherein the tourmaline is an iron tourmaline.
Item 5. The granular medium according to any one of Items 2, 2 and 4.

(6) The water retention material is soil, vegetable fiber material,
3. The granular medium according to the above item 1 or 2, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of natural polymers and derivatives thereof.

(7) a slow-release fertilizer containing at least one selected from a nitrogen fertilizer component and a potassium fertilizer component;
Item 7. A material for fertilizing a nursery container, comprising the granular medium according to any one of Items 6 to 6.

(8) A method for cultivating a crop using the granular medium according to any one of the above items 1 to 6, or the material for fertilizing a nursery container according to the above item 7.

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the granular medium of the present invention will be described in detail. The slow-release phosphate fertilizer used in the present invention is a phosphate fertilizer containing a soluble phosphoric acid and a soluble phosphate component as a main component, and specifically, calcined phosphorus fertilizer, iodine phosphorus fertilizer, and precipitated phosphorus fertilizer. Examples include acid lime, magnesia, (fluorite), hydroxyapatite, and the like. Further, the phosphate ore itself may be finely pulverized and used as a slow-release phosphate fertilizer.

The concentration of the soluble phosphate component contained in the granular medium of the present invention is preferably in the range of 5 to 20% by weight, and the concentration of the water-soluble phosphate component is 0.1% by weight or less. Is preferred.

If the concentration of the ku-soluble phosphoric acid component contained in the granular medium is less than 5% by weight, a necessary amount of the phosphate fertilizer component is intended to be put into the seedling raising container even after transplantation in this field (Honda). In such a case, a large amount of the granular medium is required, and it may not be possible to fill the seedling growing container. In addition, it is difficult to make the quosoluble phosphoric acid component concentration contained in the granular medium more than 20% by weight in terms of production technology, and it is not practical.

Further, when the concentration of the water-soluble phosphate component contained in the granular medium exceeds 0.1% by weight, there is a risk that seeds of a crop may cause germination and growth disorders. It becomes difficult to fill a large amount of seedling containers.

The form of the slow-release phosphate fertilizer used in the granular medium of the present invention may be either powdery or granular, but from the viewpoint of uniform dispersibility when mixed with the water retention material and tourmaline.
Powder is preferred. The particle size at that time is 100 μm to 1 m
It is preferably in the range of m.

The content of the slow-release phosphate fertilizer in the granular medium of the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 70% by weight, and more preferably in the range of 30 to 50% by weight.

In the granular medium of the present invention, since a slow-acting phosphate fertilizer is used, the elution of the phosphoric acid component in the seedling is slightly suppressed. Necessary phosphate fertilizers (soluble phosphate component)
Can be brought to the main field at the time of transplantation together with the seedlings raised. Thereafter, the ku-soluble phosphoric acid is gradually decomposed by the root acid of the crop (seedling) and absorbed by the seedling. Therefore, by increasing or decreasing the amount of ku-soluble phosphoric acid, it is possible to easily apply the entire amount of the phosphate fertilizer component of the target crop.

The tourmaline used in the granular medium of the present invention, also called tourmaline, is a complex silicate compound often found in igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks, and particularly often found in begmatite. have. There is a huge thing which often reaches 1m in length, and the cross section is close to a triangle. For example, when used as a soil conditioner,
Grind and use as sand or powder. Typically, iron tourmaline can be cited, and its composition is a black substance having a composition of NaFe ₃ B ₃ Al ₃ (Al ₃ Si ₆ O ₂₇ ) (OH) ₄ .

[0022] tourmaline containing atoms other than iron tourmaline
And NaMg_ThreeB_ThreeAl_Three(Al_ThreeSi₆O₂₇) (OH)_FourNaru set
Brown magnesite tourmaline, CaMg_ThreeB_ThreeAl_ThreeMg
(Al _ThreeSi₆O₂₇) (OH)_FourLime with the composition
Forsterite, Na (Al, Fe, Li, Mg)_ThreeB_ThreeAl
_Three(Al_ThreeSi₆O₂₇) (O, OH, F)_FourRed with the composition
There are lithia tourmaline of color, green, blue and the like. these
Of tourmalines, iron tourmalines are preferred in the present invention.
Can be used.

The tourmaline used in the granular medium of the present invention preferably has an average particle size of 0.1 μm to 1 mm,
If it is less than μm, repeated irrigation may run off and impair sustained effects. If it exceeds 1 mm, the effect of the mineral component contained in tourmaline will be reduced, and the effect of improving the leaf color and rooting of the grown seedlings will tend to be weakened.

The proportion of tourmaline contained in the granular soil of the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by weight.

As the water retention material used for the granular medium of the present invention, any material can be used as long as it can retain the water required for raising seedlings. Specific examples include soil, vegetable fiber materials that are lightweight and excellent in water retention, natural polymers and derivatives thereof.

Examples of such soil include natural soil such as alluvial soil, dirt soil, volcanic soil, and humus. In the present invention, dried sterilized soil obtained by sterilizing these with heat or the like can be preferably used. Examples of such disinfecting soil include Akadamado (manufactured by Soil Co., Ltd., red soil-based disinfecting soil) and Kurotamado (manufactured by Soil Co., Ltd., black soil-based disinfecting soil).

Examples of the vegetable fiber material include peat moss and coconut husk (residues obtained by removing rigid and medium short fibers from mesocarp obtained by removing outer and inner rinds from palm peel), and the like. Examples include bark, wood pulp, rice hulls, sawdust and the like.

Further, examples of the natural polymer and its derivative include natural materials such as starch and carboxymethylcellulose, and natural materials such as a derivative thereof. These materials have excellent water absorption properties, and also have a binder at the time of granulation. , Which is suitably used in the present invention.

The proportion of the water retention material contained in the granular medium of the present invention is preferably in the range of 30 to 90% by weight.

The granular medium of the present invention comprises a slow-release phosphate fertilizer,
Although tourmaline and a water retaining material are essential components, components other than these essential components can be added as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

As components other than the essential components, for example,
Minerals such as vermiculite (fired vermiculite), perlite, zeolite, and rock wool; black ash made from the waste of soda pulp production at paper mills; rice husk; And charcoal such as activated carbon.

An active ingredient of a pesticide may be added. Examples of the pesticidal ingredient include insecticides, fungicides, herbicides, antiviral agents, crop growth regulators, acaricides, nematicides, and the like. And the like, and any of solid and liquid properties can be used in the present invention.

Here, the addition amount of components other than the essential components is as follows:
PH and EC when the granular medium of the present invention is immersed in water
(Electric conductivity) must be determined while paying attention. In some cases, the pH of acidic or alkaline materials
Adjusters may be added.

The pH and EC of the granular soil according to the present invention vary depending on the target crop to be cultivated.
EC is preferably 0.5 mS / cm or less when no fertilizer is added, and is 1.0 to 6.0 mS / cm when fertilizer is added. However, if granulation is performed by adding a high-concentration fertilizer component, assuming that it is diluted and used as a soil improving material, this range may be greatly deviated.

In the granular medium of the present invention, components other than the phosphoric acid component necessary for raising seedlings may be added in the form of a fast-acting fertilizer. The fast-acting fertilizer is not particularly limited as long as it can quickly fertilize during the seedling raising period.For example, ammonium sulfate, salt ammonium, ammonium nitrate, urea, lime nitrogen, lime nitrate,
Examples include nitrogen fertilizers such as sodium nitrate and potassium fertilizers such as potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, and humic acid.

The granular medium of the present invention can be obtained by granulating the above-mentioned essential components and, if necessary, other components. In the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently granulate without using a binder, for example, starches such as corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, potato starch, and tapioca starch, bentonite Montmorillonite group clay minerals, such as gypsum dihydrate and hemihydrate gypsum (plaster of Paris), seaweed extracts such as sodium alginate and agar,

Crop-like resinous sticky substances such as gum arabic and tragacanth; derivatives of natural polymers such as carboxymethyl starch and carboxymethyl cellulose; synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol and sodium polyacrylate; Thermosetting resins such as resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, urea resins, melamine resins, alkyd resins, and furan resins may be used as the binder.

The granular medium of the present invention may be granulated by any method, but is preferably granulated by a method capable of applying a shearing force and / or a compressive force. If granulation is performed by a method capable of applying a shearing force and / or a compressive force, phosphate fertilizer, iron tourmaline, a water retaining material, and, if necessary, components other than these essential components can be used without using a binder. It becomes possible to granulate the containing medium.

As a method for granulating the granular medium of the present invention,
Examples include extrusion granulation, compression granulation, tumbling granulation, spray drying granulation, fluidized bed granulation, crushing granulation, stirring granulation, and coating granulation. Examples of the method capable of applying the shearing force and / or the compressing force described above include an extrusion granulation method and a compression / pulverization granulation method.

Specific examples of the extrusion granulation method include a screw-type pre-extrusion method, a horizontal extrusion method, a vacuum extrusion method and a combination pre-treatment method, a roll-type disk die method, a ring die method, and a blade type. Examples include a basket type, an oscillating type, a twin die type that is a self-molding type, a gear type and a cylinder type, and a continuous type and an intermittent type that is a ram type.

Specific examples of the compression / pulverization / granulation method include a tableting method and a roll press method, and both are preferably used in the present invention. A disk die type or ring die type which is a roll type capable of adding both at the same time is preferable.

The shape of the granular medium of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any one of a spherical shape, an elliptical spherical shape, a pellet shape, a polyhedral shape and the like can be used.

The granular medium of the present invention is a medium (culture medium)
And a seed suitable for an automatic sowing and fertilizing apparatus that continuously fills seedling containers with seeds and the like. The residual rate in a hopper of the automatic sowing and fertilizing apparatus (so-called clogging by a bridge) is a powdery medium (cultivation soil). Therefore, the filling efficiency of the medium (cultivated soil) in such an automatic seeding and fertilizing apparatus can be improved.

The particle size of the granular medium of the present invention is the longest part,
It is preferably 3 to 15 mm or less, more preferably 3 to 6 mm or less. If you fall outside the above range,
Classification tends to occur when the granular medium and other materials described below are used in combination.

The moisture content of the granular medium of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20% by weight or less in order to prevent a change over time during long-term storage.

The method of using the granular medium of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use the medium in a seedling growing container. The container for raising seedlings used for raising seedlings may be any container that can raise seedlings of the target crop. Specifically, in a rice seedling, a so-called seedling box (inner size: 58 cm × 28
cm × 3 cm).

Next, the material for fertilizing a nursery container of the present invention will be described. The fertilizer container fertilizer material of the present invention comprises a slow-release fertilizer containing at least one selected from a nitrogen fertilizer component and a potassium fertilizer component, and the granular medium of the present invention. By filling these into seedling containers,
Depending on a part of each fertilizer component required during the entire cultivation period and further on the amount of the fertilizer component contained in the material for applying fertilizer to a nursery container, it is possible to bring the entire amount of the fertilizer component required in the main field to the main field.

The slow-release fertilizer containing at least one selected from the nitrogen fertilizer component and the potassium fertilizer component includes a slow-release fertilizer whose solubility is adjusted chemically or whose dissolution rate is physically adjusted. it can.

Examples of the slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers whose solubility is chemically adjusted include chemically-slow-release nitrogenous fertilizers and potassium-soluble potassium-fertilizers.
Examples include isobutyraldehyde condensed urea (IBDU), acetaldehyde condensed urea (CDU or OMU), formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer, guanyl urea sulfate, and oxamide, and the like. Potassium silicate fertilizer mixed with ash and fired.

The slow-release fertilizers whose physical dissolution rates are physically controlled include nitrogen-containing fertilizers coated with a polyolefin resin or sulfur or other coating material, coated nitrogen fertilizers, and potassium-based fertilizers with a polyolefin resin or sulfur or other coating material. Examples include a coated potash fertilizer coated with a raw material, a compound fertilizer or a liquid composite fertilizer, and a composite fertilizer coated with a polyolefin-based resin or sulfur or another coating raw material.

The pH and E of the material for fertilizing seedling containers of the present invention
C varies depending on the target crop to be cultivated.
The pH is 5 to 8, and the EC varies depending on the content of the water-soluble fertilizer, but is preferably 0.1 to 6.0 mS / cm, and more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 mS / cm.

The amount of the fertilizer component to be filled into the seedling raising container is determined by the three major elements of the fertilizer (N (nitrogen), P ₂ O ₅ (phosphoric acid), K ₂ O (potassium)) required per fixed area of the main field (Honda). It can be calculated from the amount and the number of transplanted seedling raising containers per fixed area of the main field (Honda). For example, in the case of paddy rice, Honda has 10
When 5 kg of N (nitrogen), 7 kg of P ₂ O ₅ (phosphoric acid) and ₅ kg of K ₂ O (potassium) are applied per are, if transplanting under the condition of 25 nursery boxes per 10 ares of Honda, 200g N (nitrogen) per box for raising seedlings, P ₂ O
_{5 It} is sufficient to fill 280 g of phosphoric acid and about 200 g of K ₂ O (potassium). As described above, in the method of filling the nursery container with the fertilizer component necessary for the Honda, since the fertilizer component is applied to the root region of the crop, the fertilizer can be considerably reduced.
Actually, N (nitrogen) is 180 g per box, P ₂ O
₅ Filling with (phosphoric acid) 160 g and K ₂ O (potassium) about 100 g may be used.

The cultivation method of the present invention is a method of cultivating a crop using the granular medium of the present invention or the material for fertilizing a nursery container of the present invention. According to the cultivation method of the present invention, after the seedling container is filled with the granular medium or the material for fertilizing the seedling container and the seedlings are grown, if the seedlings grown in the field are transplanted, some of the fertilizer components required in the field are also used. Can be brought into the main field, and depending on the amount of the fertilizer component contained in the granular medium or the material for fertilizing the seedling growing container, the entire amount of the fertilizer component required in the main field can be brought into the main field. In that case, the need for additional fertilization is eliminated, which is extremely effective for labor saving in agricultural work.

[0054]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

1. Production of granular medium (Granular medium A) Baked phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
34.0% by weight of soluble phosphoric acid concentration; 34.0% by weight of water-soluble phosphoric acid concentration; 0.05% by weight
g), iron tourmaline (manufactured by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline powder P-2, average particle size: 3 μm), 2% by weight
(2.917kg), coir dust (moisture content;
20% by weight, particle size: 4-6mm product, bulk specific gravity: 0.11g
/ Ml, from Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content, 20% by weight (36.459 kg in actual form), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soyle Corp.)
Moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content of 68.3% by weight.
(146.479 kg in the form), 0.5% by weight of ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., nitrogen: 21%) (0.729 kg in the form), potassium sulfate (Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) ), Guarantee component Potassium: 50%) 0.2% by weight (0.292 kg in appearance), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, manufactured by Tetsuhara Corporation), Fe component: 18.4 %) 6.0
200k in weight as weight% (8.750kg in weight)
g and charged into a 400 L winged concrete mixer. Further, 2.5 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 28%, and the mixture was mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture was subjected to a disc die roll type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-390,
Die and nozzle diameter: φ3mm, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model;
The granular medium was dried using VDF-6000 (manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium A of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular medium B) 15% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 2
2.625 kg), tourmaline (manufactured by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline powder P-2, average particle size: 3μ)
m) 2% by weight (3.017 kg in actual form), 15% by weight of coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / ml, Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content % (28.281 kg in actual form), Kurotamado (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size;
2-4 mm product, bulk specific gravity: 0.85 g / ml) was converted into a solid content of 61.3% by weight (135.971 kg in a solid state), ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen).
21%) 0.5% by weight (0.754 kg in actual form), potassium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component potassium; 50)
%) 0.2% by weight (0.302 kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, manufactured by Tetsuhara Corporation), Fe component: 1
6.0% by weight (more than 8.4%) (9.050kg in actual form)
200 kg was charged into a concrete mixer with wings having an internal capacity of 400 L. Further, 3.8 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 26%, and mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture is rolled into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F
40 / 33-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.
Nozzle diameter: φ3 mm), and granulated with a fluid vibration drier (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) at a hot air temperature of 90 ° C. so that the moisture content of the granular medium becomes 8% by weight. And dried. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium B of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular medium C) Baked phosphorus fertilizer (produced by Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 30% by weight At 4
7.378 kg), tourmaline (made by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline powder P-2, average particle size: 3μ)
m) 2% by weight (3.159 kg in actual form), 10% by weight of coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / ml, Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content % (19.741 kg in actual form), Kurotamado (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), water content: 32% by weight, particle size;
2-4 mm product, bulk specific gravity; 0.85 g / ml) was converted into 51.3% by weight (119.142 kg in a solid state) in terms of solid content, ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen);
21%) 0.5% by weight (0.790 kg in actual form), potassium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component potash; 50)
%) 0.2% by weight (0.316 kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, manufactured by Tehara Corporation, Fe component; 1)
6.0% by weight (more than 8.4%)
200 kg was charged into a concrete mixer with wings having an internal capacity of 400 L. Further, 7.8 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 24%, and mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture is rolled into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F
40 / 33-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.
Nozzle diameter: φ3 mm), and granulated with a fluid vibration drier (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) at a hot air temperature of 90 ° C. so that the moisture content of the granular medium becomes 8% by weight. And dried. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium C of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular medium D) 75% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (produced by Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) At 1
42.228 kg), iron tourmaline (made by OUT CROP,
Standard iron tourmaline powder P-2, average particle size: 3μ
m) 2% by weight (3.793 kg in actual form), 10% by weight of coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / ml, Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content % (23.705 kg in real form), Kurotamado (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), water content: 32% by weight, particle size;
2-4 mm product, bulk specific gravity: 0.85 g / ml) 6.3% by weight (17.569 kg) in terms of solid content, ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%)
0.5% by weight (0.948 kg in actual form), potassium sulfate (guaranteed component: 50%, manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) 0.2
Weight% (0.379kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (Co., Ltd.)
Iron ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component: 18.4% or more) Featuring 6.0 kg by weight (11.378 kg in shape), 200 kg in shape and 400 L in internal capacity with wings It was put in. Further, water was added in an amount of 40 L so that the total water content of the raw material became 21%, and 10
Mix for 20 minutes at a rotation speed of rpm. This mixture was poured into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33).
-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die and nozzle diameter;
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.)
And dried so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. 130 kg of 2-6 mm granular medium D by sieving
Obtained.

(Granular medium E) 3% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (produced by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 4.
375 kg), tourmaline (manufactured by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline sand G-5, average particle size: 2 mm) 2% by weight (formation 2.917 kg), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 4%) 6mm product, bulk specific gravity; 0.1
1g / ml, Sri Lanka) 20% by weight in terms of solid content
(In the form of 36.459 kg), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soyle Corporation, content of water: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content. 3% by weight (146.479 kg in real form), ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen; 21%) 0.5% by weight (0.729 kg in real form), potassium sulfate (Chisso Asahi) Manufactured by Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component potash; 50%) 0.2% by weight
(0.292 kg in shape), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component: 18.4% or more, manufactured by Tehara Corporation)
6.0% by weight (8.750kg in physical form) and 2 in physical form
The mixture was charged into a concrete mixer having a capacity of 400 kg and a capacity of 400 L with wings. Further, 2.5 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw material became 28%, and 10 rpm
The mixture was mixed for 20 minutes at a rotation speed of m. This mixture was poured into a disk die roll-type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-3).
90, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die / nozzle diameter: φ3
mm), and dried by a fluidized vibration drier (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) at a hot air temperature of 90 ° C. so that the moisture content of the granular medium becomes 8% by weight. . By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium E of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular medium F) 15% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industries, Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 2
2.625 kg), iron tourmaline (manufactured by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline sand G-5, average particle size: 2 mm)
2% by weight (3.017 kg in actual form), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity;
0.11 g / ml, from Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content
% By weight (28.281 kg in actual form), Kokutamado (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm
Product, bulk specific gravity; 0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content.
3% by weight (135.971 kg in actual form), ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%)
0.5% by weight (0.754 kg in actual state), potassium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component potassium: 50%) 0.2
Weight% (0.302kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (Co., Ltd.)
Iron ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component: 18.4% or more) 6.0 kg by weight (9.050 kg in shape), 200 kg in shape, 400 liter internal capacity winged concrete mixer It was put in. Further, 3.8 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 26%, and 10
Mix for 20 minutes at a rotation speed of rpm. This mixture was poured into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33).
-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die and nozzle diameter;
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.)
And dried so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. 130 kg of 2-6 mm granular medium F by sieving
Obtained.

(Granular medium G) 30% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) At 4
7.378 kg), tourmaline (manufactured by OUT CROP, standard iron tourmaline sand G-5, average particle size: 2 mm)
2% by weight (3.159 kg in actual form), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity;
0.11 g / ml, from Sri Lanka)
% By weight (19.741 kg in actual form), Kurotamado (manufactured by Soyle Co., Ltd.), water content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm
Product, bulk specific gravity; 0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content.
3% by weight (119.142 kg in actual form), ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%)
0.5% by weight (0.790 kg in actual form), potassium sulfate (guaranteed component potash; 50%, manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) 0.2
Weight% (0.316kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (Co., Ltd.)
Iron ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component: 18.4% or more) 6.0 kg by weight (9.476 kg in shape), 200 kg in shape, 400 L feather concrete mixer with internal capacity It was put in. Further, 7.8 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw material was 24%, and 10
Mix for 20 minutes at a rotation speed of rpm. This mixture was poured into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33).
-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die and nozzle diameter;
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.)
And dried so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. 130 kg of 2-6 mm granular medium G by sieving
Obtained.

(Granular medium H) 75% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (produced by Onoda Chemical Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) At 1
42.228 kg), iron tourmaline (made by OUT CROP,
Standard iron tourmaline sand G-5, average particle size: 2m
m) 2% by weight (3.793 kg in actual form), 10% by weight of coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / ml, Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content % (23.705 kg in real form), Kurotamado (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), water content: 32% by weight, particle size;
2-4 mm product, bulk specific gravity: 0.85 g / ml) 6.3% by weight (17.569 kg) in terms of solid content, ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%)
0.5% by weight (0.948 kg in actual form), potassium sulfate (guaranteed component: 50%, manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) 0.2
Weight% (0.379kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (Co., Ltd.)
Iron ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component: 18.4% or more) Featuring 6.0 kg by weight (11.378 kg in shape), 200 kg in shape and 400 L in internal capacity with wings It was put in. Further, water was added in an amount of 40 L so that the total water content of the raw material became 21%, and 10
Mix for 20 minutes at a rotation speed of rpm. This mixture was poured into a disk die roll extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33).
-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die and nozzle diameter;
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model: VDF-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.)
And dried so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. 130 kg of granular medium H of 2 to 6 mm by sieving
Obtained.

(Granular Medium I) 3% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 4.
345 kg), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / ml,
20% by weight of solid content (from Sri Lanka)
6.210 kg), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soyle Corporation), moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.
85 g / ml) in terms of solid content: 70.3% by weight (149.740 kg in a solid state), ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%) 0.5% by weight (in a solid state) 0.724 kg), potassium sulfate (Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.)
0.2% by weight (0.290 kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, manufactured by Tetsuhara Corporation), Fe component: 18.4% As described above, 200 kg was charged as a 6.0% by weight (8.690 kg in the form) and charged into a 400 L-feather concrete mixer having an internal capacity of 400 L. Furthermore, the total moisture content of the raw material is 28
%, And mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture is granulated with a disk-die roll-type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die / nozzle diameter: φ3 mm), and is subjected to fluid vibration drying at a hot air temperature of 90 ° C. Machine (model; VD
F-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium I of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular Medium J) 15% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .; concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight; concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) 2
2.465 kg), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / m
1, from Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content, 15% by weight (28.082 kg in shape), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soil Co., Ltd., moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm product, bulk specific gravity;
0.85 g / ml) in terms of solids content: 63.3% by weight (139.418 kg in actual form), 0.5% by weight of ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen: 21%)
(0.749 kg in physical form), potassium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd., guaranteed component: 50%) 0.2% by weight (0.300 kg in physical form), ferrous sulfate (iron) Original ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component; 18.4% or more) 6.0
200k in weight as weight% (8.986kg in weight)
g and charged into a 400 L winged concrete mixer. Further, 2.4 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 26%, and mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture was subjected to a disc die roll type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-390,
Die and nozzle diameter: φ3mm, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model;
The granular medium was dried using VDF-6000 (manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium J of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular Medium K) 30% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., concentration of soluble phosphoric acid; 34.0% by weight, concentration of water-soluble phosphoric acid; 0.05% by weight) At 4
7.028 kg), coir dust (moisture content: 20% by weight, particle size: 4 to 6 mm, bulk specific gravity: 0.11 g / m
l, from Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content, 10% by weight (19.595 kg in shape), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soyle Corporation, moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm product, bulk specific gravity;
0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content is 53.3% by weight (122.873 kg in actual form), 0.5% by weight of ammonium sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen; 21%)
(0.784 kg in physical form), 0.2% by weight of potassium sulfate (manufactured by Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd .; 50% guaranteed ingredient) (0.314 kg in physical form), ferrous sulfate (iron) Original ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, Fe component; 18.4% or more) 6.0
200k in weight as weight% (9.406kg in weight)
g and charged into a 400 L winged concrete mixer. Further, 6.3 L of water was added so that the total water content of the raw materials became 24%, and mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture was subjected to a disc die roll type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-390,
Die and nozzle diameter: φ3mm, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.
Fluidized vibration dryer with hot air temperature of 90 ° C (model;
The granular medium was dried using VDF-6000 (manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium K of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

(Granular Medium L) 75% by weight of calcined phosphorus fertilizer (manufactured by Onoda Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., soluble phosphoric acid concentration: 34.0% by weight, water-soluble phosphoric acid concentration: 0.05% by weight) At 1
40.970 kg), coir dust (moisture content; 20
Weight%, particle size; 4-6 mm product, bulk specific gravity; 0.11 g / m
l, from Sri Lanka) in terms of solid content, 10% by weight (23.495 kg in actual form), Kurotamato (manufactured by Soil Co., Ltd., moisture content: 32% by weight, particle size: 2 to 4 mm, bulk specific gravity;
0.85 g / ml) in terms of solid content of 8.3% by weight (22.942 kg in a solid state), ammonia sulfate (manufactured by Nippon Steel Chemical Co., Ltd., guaranteed component nitrogen; 21%) 0.5% by weight ( 0.940kg in real form), potassium sulfate (Chisso Asahi Fertilizer Co., Ltd.)
0.2% by weight (0.376 kg in actual form), ferrous sulfate (ferrous sulfate, heptahydrate, manufactured by Tetsuhara Corporation), Fe component: 18.4% Above) 6.0 kg by weight (11.278 kg in physical form) and 200 kg in physical form
It was charged and charged into a 400 L winged concrete mixer. Furthermore, the total moisture content of the raw material is 2
38 L of water was added to 1% and mixed at a rotation speed of 10 rpm for 20 minutes. This mixture is granulated with a disk-die roll-type extrusion granulator (model: F40 / 33-390, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd., die / nozzle diameter: φ3 mm), and is subjected to fluid vibration drying at a hot air temperature of 90 ° C. Machine (model; VD
F-6000, manufactured by Fuji Paudal Co., Ltd.) so that the moisture content of the granular medium was 8% by weight. By sieving, 130 kg of a granular medium L of 2 to 6 mm was obtained.

2. Paddy Rice Seedling Raising Test (Example 1) 1.8 L of granular medium A was filled in a rice raising seedling box (length 28 cm × width 58 cm × depth 3 cm), and a conventional soil disinfecting solution was uniformly sprayed in the painting. Covered nitrogen and potash fertilizer "Seedling box leave"
700 g of Coat NK Long 301-100, nitrogen concentration; 30% by weight, potassium concentration; 10% by weight, guaranteed component); 700 g was uniformly filled, and the mixture was sufficiently watered until the whole was saturated. On top of that, an integrated water temperature of 120 ° C (2
160 g of seed rice (germ paddy) which has been subjected to a germination treatment as 0 ° C. × 6 days is uniformly sowed in the painting, and as a cover soil thereon, granular soil without fertilizer (Inaho Culture, Inaho Chemical Co., Ltd.)
1 kg) was uniformly placed in the painting to cover the upper part of the seed rice. Then, customary seedling management is performed, and the seedling growth state (dry weight, plant height, root length, leaf color (SP
AD value)) was observed and measured. Table 1 shows the obtained results. Note that the leaf color SPAD value is a Minolta chlorophyll meter SP
It is assumed to be the indicated value of AD-502. There is a correlation with the chlorophyll concentration in the sample, and a larger value indicates a deeper green color.

(Examples 2 to 8) Instead of the granular medium A of Example 1, 1.8 L of the granular medium B (Example 2), 1.8 L of the granular medium C (Example 3), and the granular medium D 1.8L
(Example 4), 1.8 L of the granular medium E (Example 5), 1.8 L of the granular medium F (Example 6), and 1.8 of the granular medium G
L (Example 7) and 1.8 L of granular medium H (Example 8) were repeated according to Example 1 except that each of them was filled. Table 1 shows the obtained results.

(Comparative Examples 1 to 4) Instead of the granular medium A of Example 1, 1.8 L of the granular medium I (Comparative Example 1), 1.8 L of the granular medium J (Comparative Example 2), and the granular medium K 1.8L
(Comparative Example 3) The operation was repeated according to Example 1, except that 1.8 L of the granular medium L was filled (Comparative Example 4).
Table 1 shows the obtained results.

(Comparative Example 5) In place of the granular medium A in Example 1, granular soil for paddy rice seedlings (Kumiai Kyoyusha Co., Ltd.)
The operation was repeated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.0 L of (trade name: black grain soil, containing seedling fertilizer) was charged. Table 1 shows the obtained results.

[0071]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, the presence or absence of iron tourmaline in the constituent components of the granular medium was compared with those having the same concentration of the soluble phosphate component in the granular medium (Example 1 and Example 5). Comparative Example 1, Example 2 or Example 6 and Comparative Example 2, Example 3 or Example 7 and Comparative Example 3, Example 4 or Example 8 and Comparative Example 4), of the granular medium containing tourmaline It was found that the seedlings that were raised had better rooting and the leaf green color was darker (the SPAD value was higher).

Further, the granular medium using 3 μm iron tourmaline having a particle size of iron tourmaline smaller than 3 mm has better rooting and leaf color of the grown seedlings, and the conventional granular soil for raising rice seedlings. The seedlings were almost as good as the seedlings grown using the method (Comparative Example 5).

3. Growth Test Results of Raised Seedlings in Honda (Examples 9 to 10) Among the seedlings of the examples grown for 35 days, the seedlings of Example 3 in which the concentration of the soluble phosphate component in the granular medium is an appropriate amount ( Seedlings of Example 9) and Example 7 (Example 10)
Was transplanted to Honda under the condition of 25 boxes per 10 ares (a) and cultivated. The usual application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers to Honda before transplantation and no additional fertilization of these fertilizers after transplantation were performed. 30 days after transplant and transplant 5
On day 0, the number of stems, plant height and leaf color were measured. In addition, the number of ears and the yield of brown rice at the time of harvest were investigated. Table 2 shows the obtained results.

(Comparative Example 6) The seedling of Comparative Example 3 (Comparative Example 6), which was grown for 35 days, was put on Honda at 25 per 10 ares (a).
The plant was transplanted and cultivated under the condition of a box. The usual application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium fertilizers to Honda before transplantation and no additional fertilization of these fertilizers after transplantation were performed. Transplant 3
The number of stems, plant height and leaf color were measured on day 0 and 50 days after transplantation. In addition, the number of ears and the yield of brown rice at the time of harvest were investigated. Table 2 shows the obtained results.

(Comparative Example 7) The seedling of Comparative Example 5 (Comparative Example 7), which was grown for 35 days, was put on Honda at 25 per 10 ares (a).
The plant was transplanted and cultivated under the condition of a box. The usual fertilization of Honda before transplantation is to apply 20kg / 10 ares (a) fertilizer only with magnesia heavy burning phosphorus as a phosphoric acid component, no other fertilizer is applied, and no additional fertilizer Did not do.
The number of stems, plant height and leaf color were measured 30 days after transplantation and 50 days after transplantation. In addition, the number of ears and the yield of brown rice at the time of harvest were investigated.
Table 2 shows the obtained results.

[0077]

[Table 2]

From Table 2, it can be seen that the seedlings grown in the seedling box of the three major elements of fertilizer using the granular medium of the present invention containing iron tourmaline were transplanted to Honda (Examples 9-1).
0) was compared with a test plot (Comparative Example 7), in which seedlings raised in a nursery box with all three elements of fertilizer other than the phosphoric acid component were fertilized using conventional granular soil for rice raising seedlings, and transplanted to Honda (Comparative Example 7). The leaf color and the growth state of the rice were not inferior, and the yield of brown rice was equal or higher. In addition, when compared with the test plot (Comparative Example 6) in which the seedlings raised by fertilizer application using a granular medium containing no iron tourmaline were transplanted to the Honda (Comparative Example 6), the leaf color of the rice in the Honda was reduced. It was found that the recovery was quick, and it is considered that there is some influence on the subsequent growth and the yield of brown rice.

[0079]

When the seedling is grown using the granular medium of the present invention as a seedling cultivation soil, the rooting is good, and the leaf color does not become yellow and pale during the seedling raising period.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A granular medium containing a slow-release phosphate fertilizer, tourmaline, and a water retention material. 2. A granular medium granulated by applying a shearing force and / or a compressive force to a mixture of a slow-release phosphate fertilizer, tourmaline and a water retention material. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the soluble phosphate component in the granular medium is 5%.
The granular medium according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the water-soluble phosphoric acid component is 0.1% by weight or less. 4. The granular medium according to claim 1, wherein the tourmaline has an average particle size of 0.1 μm to 1 mm. 5. The tourmaline according to claim 1, wherein the tourmaline is an iron tourmaline.
The granular medium according to any one of claims 4 and 4. 6. The granular medium according to claim 1, wherein the water retention material is at least one selected from the group consisting of soil, plant fiber materials, natural polymers, and derivatives thereof. 7. A slow-release fertilizer containing at least one selected from a nitrogen fertilizer component and a potassium fertilizer component, and a slow-release fertilizer.
A material for fertilizing a nursery container, comprising the granular medium according to any one of the above. 8. A method for cultivating a crop using the granular medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the material for fertilizing a nursery container according to claim 7.