JP2001270756A - Cured material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cured material capable of making the thickness of members (a wall material, floor material, ceiling material, etc.), thin, hardly generating molds on using it as a wall material, etc., in a space with high humidity and also having a high grade feeling and profoundness feeling. SOLUTION: This cured material of a blended material containing at least a cement, fine particles of pozzolanic material, fine aggregates having <=2 mm particle diameter, a water-reducing agent and water has <=10 μm surface roughness (Rmax), and it is preferable to contain a metal fiber and/or an organic fiber, an inorganic powder having 3-20 μm mean particle size, fibrous particles or flake state particles having <1 mm mean particle size and rough aggregates.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cured product which exhibits ultra-high strength and has excellent surface roughness and flatness.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Concrete is generally composed of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and a water reducing agent, and has advantages such as being able to be formed into an arbitrary shape, being excellent in durability, being excellent in sound insulation and the like. They are widely used as members (wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials, etc.) of general houses and buildings.

[0003]

However, in the above concrete made of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and water reducing agent, however, in a humid space (for example, a bathroom or a bathroom in a general house, an inn, a hotel, or the like). When used as a wall material, ceiling material, etc., there is a problem that mold is easily generated. Therefore, when used for the above-mentioned applications (such as wall materials and ceiling materials in a humid space), it is necessary to perform some kind of surface treatment (such as anti-mold treatment), which is troublesome.

[0004] Further, it is pointed out that the above-mentioned concrete made of cement, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, water and water reducing agent generally has a poor sense of quality and solidness.
It has been difficult to apply it as it is to applications that require a sense of quality or profoundness, such as wall materials and floor materials in hotel lobby. For this reason, even when used for applications that require the above-mentioned high-grade feeling and solid feeling (wall materials and flooring materials for inns and hotels, etc.), it is still necessary to perform some surface treatment (painting, gloss treatment, etc.). Yes, it was troublesome.

[0005] Conventionally, the compressive strength of concrete used for manufacturing members such as ordinary houses and buildings is usually 20 to 30 MPa. For this reason, the thickness of the members (wall material, floor material, ceiling material, etc.) is increased, and it is difficult to transport the precast product.

Therefore, in the present invention, the thickness of the members (wall material, floor material, ceiling material, etc.) can be reduced, and mold is generated even when used for a wall material in a humid space. It is another object of the present invention to provide a cured product which is difficult and has a high-class feeling and a solid feeling.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, it has been found that a cured product of a combination of specific materials and a surface roughness (Rmax)
Was found to be able to solve the above-mentioned problem if the value was extremely small, and reached the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides at least cement,
Pozzolanic fine powder, fine aggregate having a particle size of 2 mm or less, water-reducing agent, and a cured product of a mixture containing water, surface roughness (Rmax)
Is 10 μm or less. Further, the composition may contain metal fibers and / or organic fibers (Claim 2), inorganic powder having an average particle size of 3 to 20 μm (Claim 5), fibrous particles or flaky particles having an average particle size of 1 mm or less (Claim 6). ) Is preferable.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The present invention provides a cured product of at least a compound containing cement, pozzolanic fine powder, fine aggregate having a maximum particle size of 2 mm or less, a water reducing agent, and water, and has a surface roughness (hereinafter, referred to as Rmax). It is a cured product of 10 μm or less. In the present invention,
The type of cement is not limited, and various portland cements such as ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderate heat Portland cement, low heat Portland cement, etc., and mixed cements such as blast furnace cement and fly ash cement can be used. In the present invention, if it is intended to improve the early strength of the cured product, it is preferable to use an early-strength Portland cement, and if it is intended to improve the fluidity of the composition, a moderate heat Portland cement or a low heat Portland cement is used. It is preferred to use.

[0010] Pozzolanic fine powder includes silica fume, silica dust, fly ash, slag, volcanic ash,
Silica sol, precipitated silica and the like. Generally, silica fume and silica dust have an average particle size of 1.0
It is suitable for the pozzolanic fine powder of the present invention because it is not more than μm and does not need to be ground. The blending amount of the pozzolanic fine powder is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of cement, from the strength of the cured product and Rmax. When the amount of the pozzolanic fine powder is small, the strength developability decreases, and it is difficult to reduce the thickness of the member. It is also difficult to make Rmax 10 μm or less. When the amount of pozzolanic fine powder added is increased, the unit water amount is increased, so that the strength is also lowered.

In the present invention, fine aggregate having a particle size of 2 mm or less is used. Here, the particle size of the fine aggregate in the present invention is an 85% weight cumulative particle size. If the particle size of the fine aggregate exceeds 2 mm, the strength of the cured product decreases. Also, if Rmax is 10μ
m or less. In the present invention, it is preferable to use fine aggregate having a maximum particle size of 2 mm or less, and it is more preferable to use fine aggregate having a maximum particle size of 1.5 mm or less. As fine aggregate, river sand, land sand, sea sand, crushed sand,
Silica sand and mixtures thereof can be used. The amount of fine aggregate is determined based on the strength of the cured product and Rmax.
The amount is preferably 50 to 250 parts by weight, more preferably 80 to 180 parts by weight based on parts by weight.

As the water reducing agent, a lignin type, naphthalene sulfonic acid type, melamine type or polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent, an AE water reducing agent, a high performance water reducing agent or a high performance AE water reducing agent can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use a high performance water reducing agent or a high performance AE water reducing agent having a large water reducing effect. The compounding amount of the water reducing agent is preferably 0.5 to 4.0 parts by weight in terms of solid content based on 100 parts by weight of cement. If the amount of the water reducing agent (in terms of solid content) is less than 0.5 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, kneading becomes difficult, and the fluidity of the composition is low, and work such as molding is also difficult. It is also difficult to reduce the Rmax of the cured product to 10 μm or less. When the amount of the water reducing agent (in terms of solid content) exceeds 4.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, the strength of the cured product is reduced. The water reducing agent can be used in either liquid or powder form.

The amount of water is 10 to 3 parts per 100 parts by weight of cement.
The amount is preferably 0 parts by weight, more preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight. If the amount of water is less than 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, kneading becomes difficult, and the fluidity of the composition is low, and work such as molding is also difficult. In addition, Rmax of the cured product
Is also difficult to be 10 μm or less. If the amount of water exceeds 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement, the strength of the cured product will decrease.

In the present invention, Rmax of the cured product is 10 μm
It is as follows. Because Rmax is small (excellent in surface roughness and flatness), even when used as a wall material or ceiling material in humid spaces (for example, bathrooms and baths in general houses, inns and hotels, etc.), Is less likely to occur. In addition, the cured product is glossy and has a luxurious and profound feeling. When the Rmax of the cured product exceeds 10 μm, mold is likely to occur when used in a humid space. In addition, the sense of quality and profound feeling are undesirably reduced.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint of greatly increasing the bending strength of the cured product, it is preferable that the composition contains metal fibers and / or organic fibers. Examples of the metal fiber include a steel fiber and an amorphous fiber. Among them, the steel fiber is excellent in strength, and is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and availability. Metal fiber has a diameter of 0.01
~ 1.0mm, length 2 ~ 30mm is preferred. When the diameter is less than 0.01 mm, the strength of the fiber itself is insufficient, and the fiber tends to be cut when subjected to tension. If the diameter is more than 1.0 mm, the number of pieces with the same compounding amount decreases, and the effect of improving the bending strength decreases. If the length exceeds 30 mm, fiber balls tend to be formed during kneading. If the length is less than 2 mm, the effect of improving the bending strength decreases. The blending amount of the metal fiber is preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 3% of the volume of the blend. When the content of the metal fiber increases, the unit water amount also increases in order to ensure workability during kneading, and the like, so that the above-mentioned amount of the metal fiber is preferable.

The organic fibers include vinylon fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers and the like. Organic fibers are 0.005-1.0m in diameter
m and a length of 2 to 30 mm are preferred. The blending amount of the organic fiber is preferably less than 10% of the volume of the blend, more preferably less than 8%. In the present invention, it is possible to use metal fibers and organic fibers in combination.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint of increasing the filling density of the cured product, and further enhancing the high-grade and profound feeling of the cured product, the composition should have an average particle size of 3 to 20 μm, more preferably an average particle size of 4 to 20 μm.
It is preferable to include an inorganic powder of about 10 μm. Examples of the inorganic powder include quartz powder, limestone powder, carbide, and nitride. Among them, quartz powder is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and the stability of the quality of the cured product. Examples of the quartz powder include quartz and amorphous quartz, and opal and cristobalite silica-containing powders. The amount of the inorganic powder may be 50 parts per 100 parts by weight of the cement, depending on the strength and Rmax of the cured product, and the high-grade and profound feeling of the cured product.
It is preferably not more than 20 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 35 parts by weight.

In the present invention, from the viewpoint of increasing the toughness of the cured product, it is preferable that the composition contains fibrous particles or flaky particles having an average particle size of 1 mm or less. Here, the particle size of a particle is the size of its maximum dimension (in particular, its length for fibrous particles). Examples of the fibrous particles include wollastonite, bauxite, and mullite, and examples of the flaky particles include mica flake, talc flake, vermiculite flake, and alumina flake.
The compounding amount of the fibrous particles or flaky particles is the strength of the cured product,
From the viewpoint of Rmax and toughness, the amount is preferably 35 parts by weight or less, more preferably 10 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of cement. In addition,
From the viewpoint of increasing the toughness of the cured product, it is preferable to use fibrous particles having a needleiness represented by a length / diameter ratio of 3 or more.

In the present invention, the method of kneading the compound is not particularly limited. For example, 1) materials other than water and a water reducing agent are preliminarily mixed (premix), and the premix, water, water reducing The agent is put into a mixer and kneaded. 2) Materials other than water are mixed in advance (a premix, but a water reducing agent of a powder type is used), and the premix and water are charged into a mixer and kneaded. 3) Each material is individually charged into a mixer and kneaded. And the like.

The mixer used for kneading may be of any type used for kneading ordinary concrete, for example, an oscillating mixer, a pan-type mixer, a biaxial kneading mixer, or the like.

After kneading, the compound is put into a predetermined mold and molded, then cured and cured. Rmax of the cured product is 1
In order to reduce the thickness to 0 μm or less, surface polishing (for example, # 140 grinding stone polishing, blasting, or the like) may be performed. The use of a mold made of a resin (for example, polyethylene, polyurethane, or the like) as a mold during molding can reduce the Rmax of the cured product to 10 μm or less without performing surface polishing. It is preferable because it has a high glossiness and can have a high-class and profound feeling.

In the present invention, the curing may be carried out in the air or in the steam. However, when it is desired to enhance the luxurious or solid feeling of the cured product, it is preferable to carry out the curing in the air.

According to the method described in "JIS R 5201 (Physical test method of cement) 11. Flow test", the composition of the present invention has a flow value measured without performing 15 falling movements of 200 mm or more. It is excellent in fluidity, and work such as charging into a mold is easy. The cured product of the composition of the present invention exhibits a compressive strength of more than 200 MPa and a flexural strength of more than 20 MPa. Therefore, by using the cured product of the present invention, members (wall materials, floor materials, ceiling materials, etc.) Can be reduced in thickness. In the present invention, a pigment may be included in the composition in order to further enhance the luxurious or profound feeling of the cured product.

[0024]

The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. 1. Materials used The following materials were used. 1) Cement; Low heat Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement Co., Ltd.) 2) Pozzolanic fine powder; silica fume (average particle size 0.7 μm) 3) Fine aggregate: 2: 1 of silica sand 4 and silica sand 5 (weight ratio) 4) Metal fiber; steel fiber (diameter: 0.2 mm, length: 15 mm) 5) High-performance AE water reducing agent; polycarboxylic acid-based high-performance AE water reducing agent 6) Water; tap water 7) inorganic powder; quartz Powder (average particle diameter 7μm) 8) Fibrous particles; wollastonite (average length 0.3mm, length / diameter ratio 4)

Example 1 100 parts by weight of low heat Portland cement, silica fume 3
2.5 parts by weight, 120 parts by weight of fine aggregate, 1.0 part by weight of a high-performance AE water reducing agent (solid content with respect to cement), and 22 parts by weight of water were charged into a twin-screw mixer and kneaded. The flow value of the formulation
In the method described in "JIS R 5201 (Physical test method for cement) 11. Flow test", the measurement was carried out without performing the falling motion 15 times. As a result, the flow value was 270 mm. Further, the composition was poured into a mold (steel) of φ50 × 100 mm, placed at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The compressive strength (average value of three strands) of the cured product was 210 MPa. Further, the composition was poured into a mold (made of steel) of 4 × 4 × 16 cm, placed at 20 ° C. for 48 hours, and then steam-cured at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The flexural strength (average value of three strands) of the cured body was 25.
MPa. Also, pour the above mixture into a 4 × 4 × 16 cm formwork (made of polyethylene) and place it at 20 ° C. for 48 hours.
Steam curing was performed at 90 ° C. for 48 hours. The surface roughness (Rma
x) was measured using a surface roughness meter based on “JIS B 0651”. As a result, the surface roughness (Rmax) was 5.0 μm. Further, when the surface of the cured product was observed, it was found that the product had a high-grade feeling and a solid feeling.

Example 2 Low heat Portland cement 100 parts by weight, silica fume 3
2.5 parts by weight, fine aggregate 120 parts by weight, high-performance AE water reducing agent 1.0 part by weight (solid content with respect to cement), water 22 parts by weight, steel fiber
(2% of the volume in the formulation) was charged into a twin-screw kneading mixer and kneaded. The flow value of the formulation was measured as in Example 1. As a result, the flow value was 250 mm. Further, the compression strength and the bending strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the compressive strength was 210 MPa and the bending strength was 47 MPa. Further, the surface roughness (Rmax) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
As a result, Rmax was 5.0 μm. Further, when the surface of the cured product for measuring the surface roughness was observed, it was found that the cured product had a luxurious feeling and a solid feeling.

Example 3 Low heat Portland cement 100 parts by weight, silica fume 3
2.5 parts by weight, fine aggregate 120 parts by weight, high-performance AE water reducing agent 1.0 part by weight (solid content with respect to cement), water 22 parts by weight, quartz powder
30 parts by weight, 24 parts by weight of wollastonite, and steel fiber (2% of the volume in the composition) were put into a twin-screw mixer and kneaded. The flow value of the formulation was measured as in Example 1.
As a result, the flow value was 250 mm. Further, the compression strength and the bending strength were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the compression strength was 230 MPa and the bending strength was 47 MPa. Further, the surface roughness (Rmax) was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, Rmax was 4.8 μm. Further, when the surface of the cured product for measuring the surface roughness was observed, it was found that the cured product had a luxurious feeling and a solid feeling. The cured product for measuring the surface roughness was placed in a bathroom (general house) for 100 days, and the presence or absence of mold was observed. As a result, no mold was found.

Example 4 The composition of Example 3 was poured into a 4 × 4 × 16 cm formwork (made of polyethylene) and cured in the air at 20 ° C. for 28 days. Observation of the surface of the cured product revealed that it was glossy and had an excellent sense of quality and profound feeling.

[0029]

As described above, the cured product of the present invention exhibits a compressive strength of more than 200 MPa and a flexural strength of more than 20 MPa. Materials, ceiling materials, etc.) can be reduced. The cured product of the present invention has a surface roughness (Rmax)
Is small (10 μm or less), so humid space (for example, bathrooms and baths in general houses, inns, hotels, etc.)
Mold is less likely to occur even when used for wall materials. In addition, it has a sense of quality and profound feeling.

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Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cured product of a composition containing at least cement, fine pozzolanic powder, fine aggregate having a particle size of 2 mm or less, a water reducing agent, and water, and having a surface roughness (Rmax) of 10 μm or less. A cured body, characterized in that: 2. The cured product according to claim 1, wherein the blend contains metal fibers and / or organic fibers. 3. The metal fiber has a diameter of 0.01 to 1.0 mm and a length of 2 to 30.
The cured product according to claim 2, wherein the cured product is a steel fiber of mm. 4. An organic fiber having a diameter of 0.005 to 1.0 mm and a length of 2
The cured product according to claim 2, wherein the cured product is at least one fiber selected from vinylon fibers, polypropylene fibers, polyethylene fibers, aramid fibers, and carbon fibers of up to 30 mm. 5. The cured product according to claim 1, wherein the composition contains an inorganic powder having an average particle size of 3 to 20 μm. 6. The cured product according to claim 1, wherein the composition contains fibrous particles or flaky particles having an average particle size of 1 mm or less.