JP2001102616A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar cell module that satisfies the acceptance conditions of a fireproof test and has fireproof performance. SOLUTION: The solar cell module is composed of a plurality of solar battery cells 1 being arranged flatly, white board reinforced glass 3 being arranged at the light reception surface of the solar battery cell 1, a back cover 10 that is arranged at the reverse side of the solar battery cell 1, a light reception surface side filler 4 and a reverse-side filler 5 being filled between the white board reinforced glass 3 and the back cover 10, a lead wire 6 for externally taking out photoelectric output being outputted from the solar battery cell 1, and the like. A back cover opening part 11 for passing the lead wire 6 is formed at the back cover 10, and a mat 7 for covering the back cover opening part 11 is bonded and arranged inside the back cover 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a solar cell module having fire protection performance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The protocol of the Kyoto Conference on Global Warming Prevention (CP3) was adopted in December 1997, and as a measure to prevent global warming, CO2 and other emissions in 1990 were set at 20 levels.
The goal was to reduce global emissions by 5% between 2008 and 2012.

[0003] Residential energy consumed in homes and the like in Japan has been steadily expanding in recent years. Therefore, a residential solar power generation system is expected as a clean energy source, and demand is growing. In response to this growing demand, a subsidy program for individuals installing a solar power generation system on the roof of a house, etc. was established as a system monitor business in 1994 (changed to a residential solar power installation infrastructure development business in 1997). Since the start, demand for private housing has been steadily expanding. In addition, based on the New Energy Introduction Charter approved by the Cabinet,
In order to make solar power systems more popular, it is necessary to increase the economic benefits of users.It is important to reduce the cost of not only the module itself but also the entire system, including the rack, peripheral equipment, and construction costs. Become.

[0004] The building material integrated type that also uses a solar cell module as a roofing material is promising in terms of rationalization of construction and cost reduction, but there are certain restrictions due to the Building Standard Law. Articles 22, 25 and 63 of the Building Standards Law stipulate that "the roof of the house must be made of non-combustible material or roofed." Required.

[0005] Conventional solar cell modules for residential use include: 1) a method of installing a base on a roof material, which is a non-combustible material, and mounting the solar cell module on the base. 2) If the base is omitted, a metal roof is used. Since the construction method of mounting the solar cell module by roofing with a material was adopted, it was difficult to reduce the construction cost.

On the other hand, according to the revised Building Standard Law enforced in June 1998 and 2000, "The roof structure is necessary for the roof to prevent the fire of the building by the fire powder which assumed the normal fire. The performance shall be stipulated in the technical standards stipulated by a Cabinet Order in accordance with the classification of the structure and use of the building, and shall be based on the structure method specified by the Minister of Construction or be certified by the Minister of Construction. It was prescribed.

[0007] The outdoor side of the roof is required to have safety against fire, radiant heat and flying fire from a neighboring building fire or an urban fire. In accordance with the amendment of this law, a test was conducted in accordance with the “External Fire Heating Test Method for Roofs (draft)” studied by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and roofs were roofed with noncombustible materials by further limiting the installation area. If it is proved that it has the same or higher fire-prevention performance than the above, it will be evaluated by the Disaster Prevention Assessment Committee and certified by the Minister of Construction, it will be possible to supply the building material integrated solar cell module to the market.

The criterion for the acceptance of the test is that a fire is placed on a solar cell module integrated with a building material directly attached to a roof base plate of a house and burned out, and then the base plate is not penetrated by combustion.

[0009]

The conventional residential solar cell module has a combustible material E as a module filler.
Since VA (ethylene vinyl acetate) is used, it burns out to the ground plate during the test. As a countermeasure, burnout is prevented by employing a steel sheet-containing film as the back cover of the back surface of the solar cell module.

[0010] However, when a test is performed with a fire placed just above the output terminal box, the EVA is inserted through a hole formed in the back cover to pass the lead wire introduced into the output terminal box.
Gasifies and blows out, ignites and burns down to the base plate.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module that satisfies the requirements for a fire prevention test and has fire protection performance.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there are provided a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arranged in a plane, a light-transmitting plate arranged on a light receiving surface side of the photoelectric conversion element, and an arrangement arranged on a back side of the photoelectric conversion element. Back cover member, a filler filled between the light-transmitting plate and the back cover member, and a solar cell module including a lead wire for extracting photoelectric output to the outside; An opening for passing a line is formed, and a mat member for covering the opening is arranged inside the back cover member.

According to the present invention, by disposing the mat member inside the back cover member so as to cover the opening, the filler is sealed by both the mat member and the back cover member. Therefore, when a fire is placed on the outdoor side near the opening during the fire prevention test, even if the filler gasifies due to temperature rise, the opening is covered by the mat member, so the filler gas flows from the opening. Blowing out can be prevented, and burnout to the field board can be prevented.

Preferably, the mat member is brought into close contact with the back cover member so that no filler is present between the mat member and the back cover member, whereby the sealing strength can be improved.

As the solar cell module to which the present invention can be applied, a) a crystalline solar cell module having a superstrate structure composed of a light transmitting plate, a filler, a solar cell, and a back cover member; An integrated thin-film solar cell module having a superstrate structure composed of a unit cell in which a transparent conductive film electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a back electrode film layer are laminated on a conductive insulating substrate, a filler, and a back cover member;
Etc. can be exemplified.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the back cover member and the mat member are made of a material containing the same metal foil.

According to the present invention, since the thermal expansion coefficients of the back cover member and the mat member coincide with each other, even when thermal stress is applied in a manufacturing process of a solar cell module, for example, a sealing integration process such as vacuum lamination. In addition, the generation of air bubbles due to entrainment of air can be prevented, and the yield can be improved. In addition, even when a thermal stress is applied depending on the type of fire during the fire prevention test, the heat deformation of the back cover member and the mat member match, so that the heat resistance can be improved.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the back cover member and the mat member are in direct contact with each other.

According to the present invention, the back cover opening (1)
1) and the area immediately below the mat opening (8) are opposite to each other, and since there is no flammable organic material,
There is no concern about spouting due to the gasification.

The present invention is characterized in that the lead wire penetrates the mat member at a position different from the opening.

According to the present invention, the mat member can be mechanically positioned by passing the lead wire through the mat member. Therefore, even when the back cover member and the mat member expand due to the gas pressure of the filler during the fire prevention test, it is possible to prevent the mat member from being displaced. Further, since the position of the through hole through which the lead wire passes through the mat member is different from the position of the opening, the sealing of the filler is ensured.

Also, the present invention is characterized in that the lead wire bypasses the mat member at a position different from the opening.

According to the present invention, the lead wire bypasses the mat member, so that the lead wire functions to press the end surface of the mat member. Therefore, even when the back cover member and the mat member expand due to the gas pressure of the filler during the fire prevention test, it is possible to prevent the mat member from being displaced. Further, since the position of the through hole through which the lead wire passes through the mat member is different from the position of the opening, the sealing of the filler is ensured.

Furthermore, since the mat member can maintain uniform airtightness, bubbles can be prevented from being generated due to air entanglement in the manufacturing process of the solar cell module, for example, the sealing and integrating process such as vacuum lamination, thereby improving the yield. it can.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that both surfaces and end surfaces of the mat member are covered with an electrically insulating material.

According to the present invention, an electrical short circuit between the mat member and the photoelectric conversion element, the lead wire and other conductive members can be reliably prevented.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the through hole through which the lead wire passes through the mat member has a slit shape.

According to the present invention, since the opening area of the through-hole can be reduced, even if the filler gas flows out of the through-hole in the fire prevention test, the amount of gas emission can be suppressed.

Further, the invention is characterized in that the opening has a slit shape.

According to the present invention, the opening area of the opening can be reduced, so that even if the filler gas flows out of the opening during the fire prevention test, the amount of gas emission can be suppressed.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the slit shape comprises a slit and round holes formed at both ends of the slit.

According to the present invention, by forming round holes at both ends of the slit, stress concentration at both ends of the slit can be reduced. Therefore, even if the back cover member and the mat member are swelled and broken by the gas pressure of the filler during the fire prevention test, continuous cracks are stopped at the round holes at both ends of the slit, so that damage can be minimized. .

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the lead wire is covered with an electrically insulating material.

According to the present invention, an electric short circuit between the lead wire and the photoelectric conversion element, the mat member, the back cover member and other conductive members can be reliably prevented.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that an output terminal box for connecting a lead wire and an external cable is provided outside the opening.

According to the present invention, since the external space of the opening can be enclosed by the output terminal box, even if the filler gas flows out of the opening during the fire prevention test, the amount of gas emission can be suppressed. Further, since the connection work of the external cable is facilitated, the construction cost can be reduced.

[0037]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view thereof.
The solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells 1 arranged in a plane, a strengthened white sheet glass 3 arranged on the light receiving surface side of the solar cell 1, and a back cover arranged on the back side of the solar cell 1. 10, a light-receiving surface-side filler 4 and a back-side filler 5 filled between the white-plate tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10, and a lead wire 6 for taking out the photoelectric output output from the solar cell 1 to the outside. Etc.

As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic cells 1 are configured such that light-receiving side electrodes and back side electrodes of adjacent cells are alternately connected by an interconnector 2 and are arranged in a string in series. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of strings are connected in parallel, and the photoelectric output of the entire module is transmitted to the outside via a lead wire 6. The interconnector 2 is a solder-dip copper ribbon wire (rough copper wire for electrical use)
And the like.

The solar cell 1 is sandwiched between the white-sheet tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10, and a light-receiving-surface-side filler 4 is loaded between the white-sheet tempered glass 3 and the solar cell 1. The backside filler 5 is loaded between the back cover 10. The light-receiving-side filler 4 and the back-side filler 5 are made of a material having a light-transmitting and electrical insulating property. For example, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) can be used. Integrate.

With such a laminated structure, the solar cell 1
To ensure airtightness, waterproofness, electrical insulation, and the like. Moreover, the white plate tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10
Is surrounded by a reinforcing frame (not shown).

The back cover 10 is made of a material having heat resistance, flexibility, and electrical insulation, and has a thickness of, for example, 50 μm.
A zinc-coated steel sheet having a sandwich structure in which the front and back sides of a m-plated steel sheet are coated with a synthetic resin film (PET: polyethylene terephthalate) having a thickness of 50 μm can be used.

The back cover 10 has a back cover opening 11 for taking out a lead wire, and the lead wire 6 passes through the back cover opening 11 and is led out. The output terminal box opening 1 is located outside the back cover opening 11.
2, an output terminal box 13 having a cable 2 is installed, and the lead wire 6 and the output terminal cable 14 are connected inside the output terminal box 13.

The mat 7 is disposed in close contact with the inside of the back cover 10 so as to cover the back cover opening 11, thereby ensuring airtightness inside the module. At this time, a filling adhesive (for example, E
VA) is not interposed at all, and both are in direct contact. Therefore, the flammable filling adhesive is not gasified and spouted from the back cover opening 11 by heating with a flame or the like. The mat 7 is made of a material having heat resistance, flexibility, and electrical insulation. The same material as the back cover 10 is preferable. For example, the above-mentioned sandwich structure of PET-galvanized steel sheet-PET can be used. Since the mat 7 and the back cover 10 are made of the same metal foil-containing material, the thermal expansion coefficients of the mats 7 and the back cover 10 match, so that wrinkles and tears do not occur in a manufacturing process in which thermal stress is applied or in a fire test.

As shown in FIG. 1, the mat 7 has a mat opening 8 for taking out lead wires, and a back cover opening 1.
1, the lead wire 6 passes through the mat opening 8 from the inside of the module, is sandwiched between the mat 7 and the back cover 10, further passes through the back cover opening 11, and is led out. You.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the shape of the mat 7. Since the cut surface of the metal foil is exposed on the end face of the mat 7,
It is covered with a mat end surface insulating tape 9. Tape 9
Is preferably a material having an electric insulation withstand voltage of 5 kV or more, for example, Kapton tape or the like.
Materials that have passed flame retardant standards such as L standard are preferred. The end surface of the mat opening 8 is also covered with a similar electric insulating tape.

By performing such an electrical insulation treatment on the mat 7, an electrical short circuit between the mat 7 and another conductive member, for example, the solar cell 1, the interconnector 2, the lead wire 6, and the like can be reliably prevented. .

Similarly, the lead wire 6 is coated with an electrically insulating material so that an electrical short circuit between the lead wire 6 and other members, for example, the solar cell 1, the interconnector 2, the mat 7, and the back cover 10 can be obtained. Can be reliably prevented.

The mat opening 8 has a slit shape in order to minimize the opening area. In particular, since a round hole-shaped slit stopper 41 is formed at both ends of the slit to reduce stress concentration at both ends,
When a crack occurs, the crack can be prevented from expanding. Further, the mat 7 can be mechanically positioned by the lead wire 6 penetrating the mat 7.

On the other hand, the back cover opening 11 of the back cover 10 is also preferably formed in a slit shape in order to make the opening area as small as possible, and it is preferable to form round hole-shaped slit stoppers at both ends of the slit.

When the fire protection test (flying fire test) was carried out by mounting the solar cell module configured as described above on a base plate, there was no burnout to the base plate, and good fire protection performance was obtained. A result that can be put to practical use as a building material integrated solar cell module was obtained.

In particular, when a fire source is placed on the outdoor side near the back cover opening 11, the inside of the back cover opening 11 is covered with the mat 7 even if the fillers 4 and 5 are gasified due to a temperature rise. Therefore, the filler gas does not blow out from the back cover opening 11. Since the outside of the mat opening 8 is also covered by the back cover 10, the filler gas does not leak from the mat opening 8.

Further, since the back cover opening 11 and the mat opening 8 are slit-shaped, even if the filler gas should flow out of the slit during the fire prevention test, the amount of gas ejection can be remarkably suppressed. Further, even if the back cover 10 or the mat 7 is cracked at the position of each opening,
Since the round hole-shaped slit stoppers are formed at both ends of the slit, it is possible to prevent the crack from continuously expanding.

Further, by installing the output terminal box 13 outside the back cover opening 11, the sealing property of the back cover opening 11 is improved, and the filler gas is supplied during the fire prevention test. Even if it spills from
The amount of gas ejection can be significantly reduced.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view thereof. The overall configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of FIG.
The lead wire 6 is connected to the mat 7 without forming the mat opening 8 in the
The point that the end face is bypassed is different.

The solar cell module includes a plurality of solar cells 1 arranged in a plane, a white reinforced glass 3 arranged on the light receiving surface side of the solar cells 1, and an arrangement on the back side of the solar cells 1. Back cover 10, light-receiving-surface-side filler 4 and back-side filler 5 filled between the white-plate tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10, and a photoelectric output from the solar cell 1 for taking out to the outside. It is composed of a lead wire 6 and the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, the photovoltaic cells 1 are configured such that light-receiving side electrodes and back side electrodes of adjacent cells are alternately connected by an interconnector 2 and are arranged in series in a string. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of strings are connected in parallel, and the photoelectric output of the entire module is transmitted to the outside via a lead wire 6. The interconnector 2 is a solder-dip copper ribbon wire (rough copper wire for electrical use)
And the like.

The solar cell 1 is sandwiched between the white-sheet tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10, and a light-receiving-surface-side filler 4 is loaded between the white-sheet tempered glass 3 and the solar cell 1. The backside filler 5 is loaded between the back cover 10. The light-receiving-side filler 4 and the back-side filler 5 are made of a material having a light-transmitting and electrical insulating property. For example, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) can be used. Integrate.

With such a laminated structure, the solar cell 1
To ensure airtightness, waterproofness, electrical insulation, and the like. Moreover, the white plate tempered glass 3 and the back cover 10
Is surrounded by a reinforcing frame (not shown).

The back cover 10 is made of a material having heat resistance, flexibility, and electrical insulation, and has a thickness of, for example, 50 μm.
A zinc-coated steel sheet having a sandwich structure in which the front and back surfaces of a m-galvanized steel sheet are coated with a synthetic resin film (PET: polyethylene terephthalate) having a thickness of 50 μm can be used.

The back cover 10 has a back cover opening 11 for taking out a lead wire, and the lead wire 6 passes through the back cover opening 11 and is led out. The output terminal box opening 1 is located outside the back cover opening 11.
2, an output terminal box 13 having a cable 2 is installed, and the lead wire 6 and the output terminal cable 14 are connected inside the output terminal box 13.

The back cover opening 11 preferably has a slit shape in order to make the opening area as small as possible, and it is preferable to form a slit stopper having a round hole shape at both ends of the slit.

The mat 7 is closely attached to the inside of the back cover 10 so as to cover the back cover opening 11, thereby ensuring airtightness inside the module. The mat 7 is made of a material having heat resistance, flexibility, and electrical insulation. The same material as the back cover 10 is preferable. For example, the above-mentioned sandwich structure of PET-galvanized steel sheet-PET can be used. Since the mat 7 and the back cover 10 are made of the same metal foil-containing material, the thermal expansion coefficients of the mats 7 and the back cover 10 match, so that wrinkles and tears do not occur in a manufacturing process in which thermal stress is applied or in a fire test.

The lead wire 6 is sandwiched between the mat 7 and the back cover 10, bypassing the end face of the mat 7 from the inside of the module, and is further led out through the back cover opening 11.

Since the lead wire 6 functions to press the end face of the mat 7 by such an arrangement of the lead wire 6, even when the back cover 10 or the mat 7 is inflated due to the pressure of the filler gas during the fire prevention test. , The position of the mat 7 can be prevented. Further, since the mat 7 can maintain uniform airtightness, air bubbles can be prevented from being generated by air entrainment in a sealing and integrating process such as vacuum lamination.
The yield can be improved.

The end surface of the mat 7 is covered with a mat end surface insulating treatment tape 9 such as a Kapton tape because the cut surface of the metal foil is exposed. By performing such an electrical insulation treatment on the mat 7, an electrical short circuit between the mat 7 and another conductive member, for example, the solar cell 1, the interconnector 2, the lead wire 6, and the like can be reliably prevented.

When the fire prevention test (flying fire test) was carried out by mounting the solar cell module having the above structure on a base plate, there was no burning out to the base plate, and good fire prevention performance was obtained. A result that can be put to practical use as a building material integrated solar cell module was obtained.

In particular, when a fire is placed on the outdoor side near the back cover opening 11, the inside of the back cover opening 11 is covered with the mat 7 even if the fillers 4 and 5 are gasified due to a temperature rise. Therefore, the filler gas does not blow out from the back cover opening 11.

[0068]

As described above, according to the present invention, by disposing the mat member inside the back cover member so as to cover the opening, the filler is sealed by both the mat member and the back cover member. You. Therefore, when a fire is placed on the outdoor side near the opening during the fire prevention test, even if the filler gasifies due to temperature rise, the opening is covered by the mat member, so the filler gas flows from the opening. Blowing out can be prevented, and burnout to the field board can be prevented.

Further, since the back cover member and the mat member are made of the same material including the metal foil, the thermal expansion coefficients of the two members match, so that air entrainment in the manufacturing process can be prevented and the heat resistance can be further improved. .

Further, by configuring the lead wire to penetrate or bypass the mat member, the mat member can be mechanically positioned, and the displacement of the mat member can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the shape of the mat 7;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar cell 2 Interconnector 3 White board tempered glass 4 Light receiving surface side filling material 5 Back side filling material 6 Lead wire 7 Mat 8 Mat opening 9 Mat end surface insulation treatment tape 10 Back cover 11 Back cover opening 12 Output terminal box opening Part 13 Output terminal box 14 Output terminal cable

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shingo Tachibana 22-22, Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Sharp Corporation (72) Inventor Hideki Yoshioka 22-22, Nagaike-cho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Within Sharp Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Noriaki Shibuya 22-22, Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka F-term within Sharp Co., Ltd. (reference) 5F051 BA03 EA17 JA02 JA04 JA05 JA06 JA08

Claims (11)

[Claims] A plurality of photoelectric conversion elements arranged in a plane; a light-transmitting plate arranged on a light receiving surface side of the photoelectric conversion element; a back cover member arranged on a back side of the photoelectric conversion element; In a solar cell module including a filler filled between a light plate and a back cover member, and a lead wire for extracting photoelectric output to the outside, the back cover member has an opening through which the lead wire passes. Is formed, and a mat member for covering the opening is disposed inside the back cover member. 2. The back cover member and the mat member,
The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module is made of a material containing the same metal foil. 3. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the back cover member and the mat member are in direct contact with each other. 4. The lead wire penetrates the mat member at a position different from the opening.
3. The solar cell module according to any one of 3. 5. The lead wire bypasses the mat member at a position different from the opening.
3. The solar cell module according to any one of 3. 6. The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein both surfaces and end surfaces of the mat member are covered with an electrically insulating material. 7. The solar cell module according to claim 4, wherein the through hole through which the lead wire passes through the mat member has a slit shape. 8. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the opening has a slit shape. 9. The solar cell module according to claim 7, wherein the slit shape includes a slit and round holes formed at both ends of the slit. 10. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the lead wire is covered with an electrically insulating material. 11. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein an output terminal box for connecting a lead wire and an external cable is provided outside the opening.