JP2001070424A - Production of biological deodorant, biological deodorization method and device as well as method for preventing generation of malodor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing a biological deodorant which does not require a fresh installation space, allows simple equipment and standardization, is free from maintenance, is low in an installation cost and is high in a treatment effect and is extremely excellent in stability. SOLUTION: This process for producing the biological deodorant comprises subjecting vegetable-base materials to a fermentation treatment by composite bacterium species consisting mainly of Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pumilus to obtain an intermediate fermentation product and depositing the Bacillus bacteria propagated by the fermentation treatment on the intermediate fermentation product.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a biological deodorizing material, a method and an apparatus for biological deodorization, and more specifically, does not require a new installation space, is simple, can be standardized,
Maintenance-free, low installation cost,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a biological deodorizing material, a biological deodorizing method, and an apparatus which are extremely excellent in high processing effect and stability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the deterioration of the environment due to odors emitted from septic tanks and the odors generated from garbage collection places (including garbage collection cans) have caused great inconvenience to nearby residents.

On the other hand, it is said that it is best to dispose of garbage at the site where the garbage is generated. Garbage generated from homes is dried by a household garbage disposer or treated by various biodegradation methods and devices. However, it can be said that none of them has actually been carried out to prevent the generation of offensive odors or to decompose and decompose generated odorous gases.

[0004] Further, in restaurants, inns, family restaurants, and other facilities of the food service industry, the odor of septic tanks,
The bad smell of garbage and the bad odor generated by the garbage disposer cause annoyance such as giving unpleasant sensation to customers and neighboring residents.

[0005] The same applies to the odor caused by the release of the vacuum car.

Conventionally, for the treatment of these malodors, adsorption by chemical treatment, oxidation treatment, soil deodorization, sludge deodorization, and the like have been performed. However, in all of these cases, high cost burden and large space are required for installation of the processing equipment, high running cost and difficult maintenance are required, and problems such as generation of secondary waste are required. Many have made it difficult to spread them.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, does not require a new installation space, is simple, can be standardized, is maintenance-free, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a biological deodorizing material, a biological deodorizing method, and an apparatus, which are inexpensive to install and have extremely high processing effects and excellent stability.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for preventing odors.

[0009]

The above object is achieved by the following invention.

(Claim 1) Bacillus thuringiensis and
Biological deodorization characterized by obtaining an intermediate fermented product by fermenting a plant-based material with a complex bacterial species mainly comprising Bacillus pumilus, and supporting the Bacillus genus bacteria grown by the fermentation process on the intermediate fermented product. The method of manufacturing the material.

(Claim 2) The water content of the biological deodorizing material is 65%.
The method for producing a biological deodorizing material according to claim 1, wherein:

(Claim 3) The plant material retains its shape even when it is fermented by a bacterium belonging to the genus Bacillus.
The method for producing a biological deodorizing material according to claim 1, wherein the material is a material serving as a carbon source nutrient of a genus bacterium.

(Claim 4) Bacillus thuringiensis and
Bacillus pumilus is used to ferment a plant-based material with a complex bacterial species mainly to obtain an intermediate fermented product, and a Bacillus genus bacterium grown by the fermentation process is supported on the intermediate fermented product to obtain a biodeodorant. A biological deodorization method characterized by contacting air containing a malodorous component with a deodorizing material to adsorb and decompose the malodorous component.

(Claim 5) The biological deodorizing material according to claim 1 or 2 is filled in a deodorizing tank, and a space in the septic tank, a odor protrusion of the septic tank,
A biological deodorizer installed in the garbage disposal machine space or in the exhaust port to adsorb and decompose odorous components in odorous air to make it odorless.

(Claim 6) The biological deodorizing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the deodorizing tank has a forced siroc fan for making the passing speed of the odorous air in the deodorizing tank constant.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preventing a malodor generated when a target containing a nutrient is decomposed by microorganisms and subjected to biological treatment, wherein a carbon source is added and supplemented to prevent an ammonia odor and a hydrogen sulfide odor. A method for preventing malodor generation, comprising supplementing and adding a nitrogen source to prevent organic acid odor.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

<Production method of biological deodorizing material> The method of producing a biological deodorizing material according to claim 1, wherein Bacillus thuringiens
Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus pumilus
May include llus subutilis. Bacillus thuringiens
Although there are a plurality of species of is and Bacillus pumilus, they can be arbitrarily isolated from these species, stored in a slant medium, and grown on a flat medium or liquid medium for use. Hereinafter, this bacterial species may be referred to as a Bacillus isolate.

In the present production method, the above-mentioned isolated bacteria of the genus Bacillus is inoculated into a plant material and fermented to obtain an intermediate fermented product.

Next, Bacill grown by the fermentation treatment
The biodeodorant of the present invention can be produced by supporting us genus bacteria on the intermediate fermented product.

As the plant-based material, rice husks, electric canna waste, wood chips (strips) and the like can be used. At the time of the fermentation treatment, it is preferable to provide a plant source material with a good balance of nitrogen source nutrition (urea, ammonium sulfate, chicken dung, oil residue, etc.) and carbon source nutrition (bark, animal and vegetable oil, etc.).

In the fermentation treatment, fermentation is preferably carried out in a heat-insulating box, and air is suitably mixed in to promote the fermentation to decompose the added nutrients. As a result, bacteria of the genus Bacillus can be grown.

[0023] The plant material becomes an intermediate fermented product by fermentation treatment, and has voids in itself, so that it is used as a carrier for bacteria. As a result, the cells are retained in the intermediate fermented product. Become.

To explain the production of the intermediate fermentation product, since rice hulls, electric canna waste, wood chips (strips) and the like are made of cellulose, their decomposition is delayed, and the state of the intermediate fermentation product is maintained. I have. Moreover, they are in a carbonized state even after the fermentation is completed, and do not lose their properties as a void material.

This intermediate fermentation product has not only the above functions, but also
It is very effective because it is used as a carbon source during fermentation decomposition of malodorous components.

The deodorizing effect of the obtained biological deodorizing material is preferable when the water content is 30% to 65%. That is, if it is less than 30%, the biological growth function is inferior, nutrients are not decomposed, and the deodorizing effect is inferior. If it exceeds 65%, eyes are clogged when used as a deodorant, and the contact efficiency with odor components is inferior, Eventually, the deodorizing effect is poor. Note that long-term storage is preferably performed in a dry state with a water content of less than 20% because the bacteria are stable and do not germinate in a spore state.

<Biological deodorizing method> In the biological deodorizing method according to the third aspect, the biological deodorizing material used is the first or second aspect.
Can be used.

In the present invention, when deodorizing, the biological deodorizing material is brought into contact with air containing a malodorous component to adsorb and decompose the malodorous component.

In the present invention, the water content of the biological deodorizing material produced by the fermentation treatment is preferably 30% to 65%. If it is less than 30%, the biological growth function is inferior, nutrients are not decomposed, and the deodorizing effect is inferior. On the other hand, if it exceeds 65%, there is a problem that when it is used as a deodorizing material, clogging occurs and the efficiency of contact with odor components is poor. Even more preferably, the water content is 5
0 to 65%.

Therefore, by retaining moisture so as to have the above-mentioned water content and bringing it into contact with a gas containing a malodorous component, the biological deodorant adsorbs the malodorous component and further decomposes it.

The contact time between the biological deodorizer and the malodorous component is as follows:
Those having a high malodor concentration have a longer contact time, and those having a lower malodor concentration have a shorter contact time.

The biological deodorizer captures malodorous components, which are decomposed as nutrients of Bacillus, but are rapidly decomposed by Bacillus maintained at high density. Therefore, the amount of the biological deodorizing material does not increase due to long-term use, but rather, the biological deodorizing material charged in the intermediate fermentation state undergoes fermentation and decomposition by long-term use to reduce its bulk.

Further, the biological deodorizing material may be decomposed in a long term, impairing its shape, and impairing its function as a biological deodorizing material. Therefore, it is desirable to perform maintenance and replenishment or replacement of the biological deodorizing material about once a year.

The biological deodorizing material in a dry state is in a stable state and can withstand long-term storage and transportation.

<Biological Deodorizing Apparatus> An embodiment of the biological deodorizing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a garbage disposer, wherein 1 is a garbage disposer main body, 2 is a lid, 3 is garbage, and 4 is a seeped water tank. It is.
Reference numeral 5 denotes an exhaust unit for exhausting the air in the space inside the garbage disposal to the outside, and a sirocco fan is used as an exhaust unit. Reference numeral 6 denotes a deodorizing tank in which the above-mentioned biological deodorizing material is filled in a wire mesh. The deodorizing tank 6 can be installed in the space inside the garbage disposal machine or in the exhaust port. When the sirocco fan is driven, the odorous components in the odorous air are adsorbed by the deodorizing material and decomposed to become odorless in the process of being sucked outside.

It is preferable to use stainless steel or plastic as the material of the wire netting. Some offensive odor components cause corrosion or change into dissolved acid with the passage of time, and it is important to avoid damage due to them.
It is also important in maintaining a stable flow of the fluid.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to the deodorization of the exhaust gas from the septic tank. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 7 denotes a connecting pipe for introducing air containing a malodorous component from the space inside the septic tank. Reference numeral 8 denotes a deodorization tank, in which a porous container 9 made of a porous material (stainless steel wire mesh, punching metal, etc.) is provided.
Is filled with the biological deodorizing material 10 of the present invention, and the container 9 is configured to be detachable from the filling tank 8. Reference numeral 11 denotes a fan provided in the discharge pipe 12. When the fan 11 is driven, the odorous components in the odorous air are adsorbed by the deodorizing material and decomposed to become odorless in the process of being sucked outside. Reference numeral 13 denotes a water spout for introducing tap water and sprinkling water on the biological deodorizing material 10.

The material of the filling tank 8 is preferably stainless steel or plastic. Some offensive odor components may cause corrosion or change to dissolved acid with the passage of time, so they can avoid damage and are important in maintaining a stable fluid flow. Because.

It is also preferable that the deodorizing device is provided with a flange as shown to enable the container 9 to be attached and detached or to facilitate disassembly during maintenance.

The above-mentioned deodorizing device can also be provided at the odor protrusion of the septic tank. For the simple type (small type) to be attached to a chimney, etc., a jig for strengthening the connection between the chimney and the deodorizing device, a fixing belt (made of stainless steel or plastic), and a sealer (caulking material, adhesive material, rubber sealer material) ,
It is preferable to use a sealing tape or the like.

The shape and size of the deodorizing device can be freely set, but if the concentration of the normal odorous component is sufficient, the contact time can be sufficient for about 1 to 3 seconds. Conversion is also easy.

In the present embodiment, it is necessary to make the biological deodorizing material contain 30% or more and less than 65% of water in the porous container made of stainless steel net or the like and at the time of long-term rest or startup. , A sirocco or a fan for forced exhaust can be installed at the upper part.

In the deodorizing tank having the fan, it is preferable to operate the deodorizing tank so that the passing speed of the odorous air in the deodorizing tank is constant in order to enhance the deodorizing effect.

<Method for Preventing Odor Generation> The method for preventing malodor generation according to the present invention is a method for preventing malodor generated when an object containing a nutrient is decomposed by microorganisms and subjected to biological treatment.
To prevent the smell of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, add and replenish the carbon source, and to prevent the smell of organic acid, add and replenish the nitrogen source. This supplements and supplements the components necessary for protein synthesis in the nutritional degradation process. Means that.

The microorganism is preferably a complex strain mainly comprising Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pumilus.

In the present invention, the target containing a nutrient source includes a nitrogen source (urea, ammonium sulfate, etc.) and a carbon source (waste oil, etc.). For example, domestic wastewater in a septic tank, garbage in a garbage disposal machine, etc. is there. In domestic wastewater, fibers and lipids have an organic acid odor, and proteins have a hydrogen sulfide odor and an ammonia odor.

The carbon source added to prevent the smell of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide is waste oil and the like, and the nitrogen source added to prevent the smell of organic acid is urea and ammonium sulfate.

[0049]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited by these examples.

(Reference Example) The experimental apparatus shown in FIG.
The deodorizing effect was measured.

The Takachiho standard gas filled in the cylinder 30 was used. NH ₃ gas and H ₂ S gas were used as standard gases. NH ₃ gas is 1000 ppm, 500 ppm, 50 ppm
Each ppm prepared diluted to levels 3, H ₂
S gas was prepared by diluting it to three levels of 30 ppm, 5 ppm, and 0.1 ppm, respectively.

The above-mentioned gas is decompressed by the decompressor 31, passed through the biological deodorization tank 34 via the gas diluter 32 and the flow meter 33, and the processing gas is collected in a 10-liter flask 35 for sampling. Was measured by

The biological deodorizing material used in the biological deodorizing tank 34 was the same as that used in Example 1 described later.

The results of the experiment were as follows.

The NH ₃ gas concentration was 1000 ppm → 10 ppm 500 ppm → 5 ppm 50 ppm → 1 ppm or less The H ₂ S gas concentration was 30 ppm → 1 ppm or less 5 ppm → 0.1 ppm or less 0.1 ppm → ND.

From this experiment, it was proved that the biological deodorizing material had an extremely high deodorizing ability.

(Example 1) Production of biological deodorizing material Bacillus sp. Isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pumilus, stored in a slant medium, and grown on a flat medium or a liquid medium Is fermented by inoculating rice flour as a plant material to obtain an intermediate fermented product. Next, Bacillus bacteria grown by the fermentation treatment were carried on the intermediate fermentation product to produce the biological deodorizing material of the present invention. The water content of the biological deodorizer was 55%.

The following experiment was conducted to confirm the deodorizing performance of a household garbage disposer using the above-mentioned biological deodorizing material.

Using a garbage disposal machine manufactured by Sanyo Electric as shown in FIG. 1, household garbage disposal (fish ara, chicken garbage, shabu-shabu leftovers, cooked rice, natto, vegetable waste, etc.) is performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. As a result, the amount of residual undecomposed garbage at the time of one week passed was large, and a strong ammonia smell began to be emitted. NH is used for measurement with a detector tube.
_{(3) The} gas concentration was 70 ppm to 60 ppm.

Therefore, a stainless steel wire netting cartridge was placed in front of the sirocco fan 5 on the back of the garbage disposer, and the apparatus was operated with the biological deodorizer 6 filled.

All measurements were made by the detector tube method. as a result,
The concentration of NH ₃ gas in the exhaust gas dropped sharply to 1 ppm or less, and the odor disappeared.

Comparative Example 1 A deodorizing experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the water content of the biological deodorizing material was changed to 25% and 70%, respectively. Was enough.

(Example 2) Using the same garbage disposal machine as in Example 1, a test was conducted to decompose vegetable waste, garbage, tempura cake, coffee cake, raw fish cake, waste oil, and the like. An acid odor is generated, and hydrogen sulfide gas (H ₂ S = 4.6)
ppm).

Next, when a deodorizing tank containing a biological deodorizing material was installed in the same manner as in Example 1, the organic acid odor in the exhaust gas disappeared, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration was sharply reduced to 0.1 ppm. The measurement is
H ₂ S was determined by a detection tube method, and organic acid smell was determined by a sensitivity test.

This phenomenon is caused by Bacill having different characteristics.
This was achieved for the first time by a biological deodorizing material that had been fermented (proliferated) using a plurality of species of US.

(Example 3) An experiment for deodorizing exhaust gas from a septic tank was performed as follows.

Inflow 10 m ³ / day, BOD concentration 1000
The bad smell generated from the septic tank at the lunch center in ppm is a violent smell mixed with the smell of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide, and the bad smell discharged from the chimney, the weighted manhole cover buried underground in the parking lot and the striped steel plate on the side of the parking lot The stench that leaks from the gaps in the lids has long kept windows in neighboring houses unable to open even in summer.

Although the degree of malodor and the range of influence vary depending on the time zone and the weather, the malodor component concentration at the odor outlet of the septic tank is NH ₃ = 30 to 40 ppm and H ₂ S = 3.0 to 12.
ppm. All measurements were based on the detector tube method.

A biological deodorizing device shown in FIG. 2 (the deodorizing material is the same as that used in Example 1) is installed in this stove,
Forcible deodorization and evacuation of the aeration amount of the septic tank x 1.2 to 2.0 times was performed. The contact time between the outflowing odorous gas and the biological deodorizing material was extremely short, 1.5 to 3.0 seconds.

As a result of the experiment, it was found that NH ₃ = 1.0 ppm or less, H ₂
S = 0.1 ppm or less, and no odor was felt in the sensitivity test.

(Example 4) A deodorizing test of the exhaust gas from the anaerobic treatment septic tank was carried out as follows.

Everyone is struggling with the bad smell of the anaerobic treatment septic tank, but the current state of the treatment relies on activated carbon adsorption or alkaline cleaning. In each case, the adsorbent and the oxidizing agent are greatly deteriorated, and many maintenance loads and cost burdens are imposed. In addition, there is remarkable odor pollution in the neighborhood, and even in factories that operate anaerobic treatment septic tanks, there is always trouble between the government and companies, residents and companies, which is a problem.

For example, in a food processing plant that treats a high BOD load, methane bacteria treatment (anaerobic treatment) is usually used for wastewater treatment because of the high load. In these facilities, the odor generated in the septic tank is reduced. Activated carbon is adsorbed using activated carbon adsorption equipment, and the activated carbon is periodically regenerated.However, the replacement work is frequent, and each time the factory must be shut down for several days, or adsorption cleaning with an alkaline solution is performed. After performing, it is released, but due to the deterioration of the oxidizing agent and the adsorption alkali admixed with this, the capacity decreases,
High costs are incurred due to maintenance with factory downtime.

To solve this problem, a biological deodorizing facility as shown in FIG. 4 was installed on the anaerobic treatment tank.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 40 denotes a deodorizing tank, and 41 denotes a porous container containing a biological deodorizing material using electric canned waste.
Reference numeral 42 denotes a secondary deodorizing tank installed above the deodorizing tank 40. 43 is a sirocco fan provided in the discharge pipe 44. 45 is an inspection port. Reference numeral 46 denotes a water spout for introducing tap water and sprinkling water into the porous container 41 (containing biological deodorizing material).

When the sirocco fan 43 was operated to perform forced exhaust deodorization, ammonia, amine,
The hydrogen sulfide odor was deodorized until it was not sensitive at all.

Note that NH ₃ before deodorization is 300 to 400 p.
pm, H ₂ S = 10-30 ppm, but NH ₃
= 5 ppm or less and H ₂ S = 0.1 ppm or less.

(Example 5) A new type of garbage disposal machine (capacity: 55 liters), manufactured by S-Electronic Company in Japan, fermentation bed (sawdust)
Using equipment with specifications of 40 liters, heater heating, no drainage system, 800 g / day of raw garbage according to the manufacturer's instruction, the type of input garbage is restricted,
Garbage disposal was performed using shrimp, crabs, eggs, coarse fish bones and the like.

First, 500 g of sardine whole, 200 g of vegetable waste, and 100 g of cooked rice were put in every day, and a stronger NH ₃ odor than the fifth day was emitted at 60 to 65 ppm. In addition, many unresolved garbage remained.

On the other hand, when 1 liter of tempura waste oil was added and mixed, the odor of NH ₃ disappeared after 30 minutes, and no odor of NH ₃ was generated for 10 days thereafter. The added waste oil was well decomposed and converted to CO ₂ , H ₂ O, and heat. The fermentation temperature reached 66 ° C.

Also put 500 g of cooked rice and waste oil 2
00 ml and 100 g of boiled potatoes were continuously fed every day. Initially, there are many undecomposed residues of potato boiled and cooked rice, and the fermentation temperature starts to rise gradually from the lapse of 6 days, and reaches 66 ° C on the 15th day. became.

When 200 g of urea crystals were mixed in the fermentation bed, the odor was eliminated in 15 to 20 minutes. Further, no organic acid odor was emitted for 7 days thereafter. By adjusting the type of added nutrient in this way, the generation of offensive odor could be prevented.

[0083]

According to the present invention, a new installation space is not required, a simple device, standardization is possible, maintenance is free, installation cost is low, and high processing effect and stability are extremely excellent. And a method and apparatus for producing a biological deodorant. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel method for preventing odor generation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 shows an experimental example.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another example to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Garbage disposal machine body 2: Lid 3: Garbage 4: Leached water tank 5: Exhaust unit 6: Deodorizing tank 7: Connection pipe 8: Deodorizing tank 9: Porous container 10: Biological deodorizing material 11: Fan 12: Discharge pipe 30: cylinder 31: decompressor 32: gas dilutor 33: flow meter 34: biological deodorization tank 35: flask 40: deodorization tank 41: porous container 42: secondary deodorization tank 43: sirocco fan 44: discharge pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C12N 1/20 C12N 1/20 F B01D 53/34 116A // (C12N 1/20 C12R 1:07) F Terms (reference) 4B065 AA15X AA20X BB26 BC42 CA55 CA56 4C080 AA05 AA07 BB02 CC02 CC04 CC08 HH05 HH09 KK08 MM33 QQ11 QQ20 4D002 AA13 AA32 AA40 AB02 AC10 BA04 BA17 CA07 DA59 EA02 GA03 GB01 HA01

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillus)
thuringiensis) and Bacillus plumis (Bacillus p.
umilus) to obtain an intermediate fermented product by fermenting a plant material with a complex bacterial species mainly comprising bacterium of the genus Bacillus grown by the fermentation process. Method for producing a biological deodorizing material. 2. The method for producing a biological deodorizing material according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the biological deodorizing material is 65% or less. 3. The organism according to claim 1, wherein the plant material retains its shape even after fermentation treatment with a Bacillus genus bacterium, and is a carbon source nutrient for the Bacillus bacterium. Production method of deodorant. 4. Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pum
Bacillus grown by the fermentation process by obtaining an intermediate fermented product by fermenting the plant material with a complex bacterial species mainly ilus
A biological deodorization method, wherein a genus bacterium is supported on the intermediate fermentation product to obtain a biological deodorizing material, and the biological deodorizing material is brought into contact with air containing a malodorous component to adsorb and decompose the malodorous component. 5. A deodorizing tank filled with the biological deodorizing material according to claim 1 or 2, and installed in a septic tank space, a septic tank odor protruding portion, a garbage disposal machine space or an exhaust port, and the malodorous components in the odorous air. A biological deodorizer that decomposes and deodorizes odors. 6. The biological deodorizing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the deodorizing tank has a forced siroc fan for making the passing speed of the odorous air in the deodorizing tank constant. 7. A method for preventing malodor generated when a target containing a nutrient is decomposed by microorganisms and subjected to biological treatment, wherein an ammonia odor and a hydrogen sulfide odor are prevented by adding and supplementing a carbon source. A method for preventing offensive odors, which comprises adding a nitrogen source to prevent odor.