CN110857257A - Garbage aerobic fermentation system and method for treating household garbage to obtain nutrient soil - Google Patents
Garbage aerobic fermentation system and method for treating household garbage to obtain nutrient soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN110857257A CN110857257A CN201810953986.2A CN201810953986A CN110857257A CN 110857257 A CN110857257 A CN 110857257A CN 201810953986 A CN201810953986 A CN 201810953986A CN 110857257 A CN110857257 A CN 110857257A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a garbage aerobic fermentation system and a method for treating household garbage to obtain nutrient soil, which comprises the following steps: the garbage aerobic fermentation system comprises a fermentation tank, a vent pipe, a covering film and a control device, wherein the control device controls the air volume and the ventilation time of the vent pipe according to the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the fermentation tank so as to keep the activity of microorganisms at a preset level. The invention can treat organic matters in the domestic garbage, overcomes the defects of the existing composting technology, and can truly achieve the purpose of changing the items with public welfare characteristics into the industry which is suitable for the market economic principle and profitable in the operation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of garbage treatment, in particular to a garbage aerobic fermentation system and a treatment method for treating organic matters in household garbage to obtain nutrient soil.
Background
In the current garbage disposal mode: land resources are occupied in landfill, secondary pollution, stink, mosquito and fly pollution and the like exist, leachate is difficult to treat, cost is high, and most importantly, a large amount of available resources cannot be recycled, so that waste is caused. The incineration treatment has high operation cost due to large investment and easy generation of secondary pollution,is difficult to be widely popularized and does not meet the circular economy requirement of sustainable development. The compost production process has large floor area, long production period and difficult industrial production, and in the treatment process, the fermentation of microorganisms changes a large amount of organic nutrients into heat energy and discharges CO2Mainly, with H2、CH3SH、CH4、H2S、NOX、SO2、NH3And the like, and in addition, the composting cannot remove heavy metals, harmful impurities, harmful biological toxins and harmful microorganisms.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a garbage aerobic fermentation system which is simple in structure and can be used for industrialization and a method for treating domestic garbage to obtain nutrient soil, so as to overcome the defects of the existing composting technology.
In order to solve the above technical problems, as a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste aerobic fermentation system comprising: the system also comprises a control device, and the control device controls the air quantity and the ventilation time of the ventilation pipe according to the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the fermentation tank so as to maintain the activity of microorganisms at a preset level.
Preferably, the system further includes a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the control device obtains the oxygen concentration based on a detection result of the pressure sensor.
Preferably, when the temperature in the fermentation tank is lower than the set control temperature, the ventilation oxygen supply amount of the ventilation pipe is increased so as to enhance the microbial activity and increase the heat production amount; otherwise, the aeration oxygen supply is reduced to reduce microbial activity and to allow the temperature to drop back.
Preferably, the cover film is a gol film.
Preferably, the bottom wall of the fermentation tank is provided with a ventilation pipe and a liquid collection tank, the ventilation pipe is arranged in the liquid collection tank, one end of the fermentation tank base is provided with a ventilation opening, one end of the ventilation pipe is connected with the ventilation opening, and the other end of the ventilation pipe is arranged at a position corresponding to the liquid collection tank.
As a second aspect of the invention, a method for processing organic matters in household garbage to obtain nutrient soil is provided, which comprises the following steps: step 1, crushing the garbage subjected to preliminary sorting, and sorting again; step 2, crushing the garbage treated in the step 1, and sorting to obtain organic matters; (ii) a Step 3, adding a predetermined amount of mushroom residues, chicken manure, straws, activated carbon and bentonite into the organic matter for mixing; step 4, conveying the mixed materials to the garbage aerobic fermentation system for fermentation; and 5, obtaining the nutrient soil after a preset fermentation time.
Preferably, in the step 1, the garbage subjected to preliminary sorting is crushed by a double-shaft shearing crusher and then conveyed to a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine for secondary sorting; and 2, crushing the garbage treated in the step 1 by a semi-wet crusher, and then conveying the crushed garbage to an organic matter and inorganic matter separator for separation to obtain organic matters.
Preferably, the preliminary sorting comprises: after the domestic garbage is sorted by the garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine, manual sorting and magnetic sorting are carried out on the conveying belt.
Preferably, the preliminary sorting achieves at least the following clearance rates: 60% of plastic, 80% of glass, 70% of combustible matter, 95% of metal, 95% of inorganic battery harmful matter and the like; crushing the garbage after the primary sorting to below 50mm by using a double-shaft shearing crusher, and conveying the garbage to a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine for secondary sorting; the recleaning achieves the following goals: 98.4% of organic matters, 0.8% of plastics, 0.1% of glass, 0% of combustible matters, 0.2% of metal, 0.5% of inorganic battery harmful matters and the like.
Preferably, the semi-wet crusher in the step 2 crushes the garbage into 5mm or less, and the garbage is conveyed to an organic and inorganic separator for separation, so that the following targets are achieved: 99.6 percent of organic matter and 0.4 percent of other organic matter.
Preferably, the contents of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite are as follows: 30% of mushroom residues, 30% of chicken manure, 20% of straws, 10% of activated carbon and 10% of bentonite.
Preferably, the ratio of the additive consisting of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite to the organic matter is 1: 9.
preferably, the fermentation time is 42 days; wherein the first fermentation is carried out for 28 days, the temperature is controlled to be 40-70 ℃, the water content after the fermentation is controlled to be 40%, the second fermentation is carried out for 14 days, the temperature is controlled to be 30-60 ℃, and the water content after the fermentation is controlled to be 30%.
Preferably, a small amount of percolate generated in the fermentation process is collected by a drainage system and then is sprayed back under the condition of low water content of the raw material.
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects
(1) The technology provided by the invention can be used for industrialization and is suitable for a method and a system for treating organic matters in household garbage with daily garbage treatment capacity of 100-300 tons;
(2) the investment is saved: the organic matter fermentation part does not need a large number of deodorization systems, so that the deodorization cost is reduced, and the investment is saved;
(3) no peculiar smell, no leachate discharge: the organic matter fermentation part is coated with a film, so that no peculiar smell exists; the emission of odor is reduced by more than 90 percent as a closed system; the investment of percolate treatment equipment is not needed, and because high temperature is generated in the fermentation process to evaporate water, the production amount of percolate is little, and no percolate is discharged;
(4) the operation cost is low: during the fermentation process, according to the temperature and the oxygen content of each point in the pile body, the oxygen supply is dynamically controlled in real time, the pile is turned for only 1 time, the power consumption is low, the treatment efficiency is high, and the power consumption is about 2 degrees per ton; the equipment is simple, maintenance is basically avoided, and the maintenance cost is low;
(5) the harmless degree is good: high temperature of more than 70 ℃ is generated in the composting process, and almost all harmful germs and ova can be killed after decomposition for 4 weeks;
(6) the product quality is high: due to the application of new technologies such as multipoint temperature and absolute oxygen content real-time monitoring, the whole system can run efficiently and stably. The Goll membrane has the function of preventing ammonia gas from overflowing and can be fixed in a cell body through the synthesis effect of microorganisms, so that the system has a great nitrogen fixation effect and greatly improves the fertility of the finished product nutrient soil.
The invention can treat organic matters in the domestic garbage, overcomes the defects of the existing composting technology, and can truly achieve the purpose of changing the items with public welfare characteristics into the industry which is suitable for the market economic principle and profitable in the operation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a garbage aerobic fermentation system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fermentation tank;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a fermentation process.
In the figure: 1. a fermentation tank; 2. a vent pipe; 3. covering the film; 4. a liquid collecting tank; 5, preparing materials; 6. temperature and pressure sensors; 7. and a vent.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be practiced in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
The invention provides a method and a system for treating organic matters in household garbage, which can be used in industrialization and is suitable for the daily garbage treatment capacity of 100-300 tons, the method overcomes the defects of the existing composting technology, and the method can really achieve the purpose of changing the items with public welfare characteristics into the industry which is suitable for the market economic principle and is profitable in the operation process.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a garbage aerobic fermentation system, comprising: the system also comprises a control device, and the control device controls the air quantity and the ventilation time of the ventilation pipe 2 according to the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the fermentation tank 1 so as to control the activity of the microorganisms to be maintained at a preset level.
Preferably, the system also comprises a fan, and the fan is connected with the ventilation pipe 2 to form a ventilation system. The ventilation system is used to ensure oxygen inside the stack. Preferably, the bottom wall of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a vent pipe and a liquid collecting tank 4.
In one embodiment, in order to meet the basic oxygen requirement of aerobic microorganisms, the present invention can use a high pressure blower to blow air into the ventilation pipe at the base of the fermentation tank 1. Meanwhile, the covering film also plays a role in pressurization, so that air distribution is more uniform, the air flow penetrating power is enhanced, and the required ventilation quantity is reduced. Preferably, one end of the base of the fermentation tank 1 is provided with a vent 7, one end of the vent pipe 2 is connected with the vent 7, and the other end is arranged at a position corresponding to the liquid collecting tank 4.
Preferably, the cover film 3 is a gol film. The Goll film is a polytetrafluoroethylene film and is used for covering a pile body for fermentation, and the Goll film has the following functions: 1) and (3) air humidity control management: the Goll film covering system can prevent the stack from being wet, and simultaneously ensure that the water needing to be reserved cannot be lost, so that the substance decomposition is carried out smoothly; 2) is not affected by any climate: the moisture-preserving effect and the pressure control system of the Goll film covering system can ensure that the temperature is uniformly distributed and is not influenced by any outside climate and temperature; 3) ultraviolet ray prevention: the surface is covered with the polytetrafluoroethylene film, so that the ultraviolet radiation can be effectively reduced; 4) preventing the leakage of smell, dust and bacteria: the unique molecular filtration pore structure of gol's membrane means that it is almost impossible to allow bacteria and odors to be reduced by about 99% as demonstrated by germ testing, which will ensure the health and safety of residents and health workers in areas surrounding the project.
Preferably, the system further comprises a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor 6, the control device can obtain the oxygen concentration according to the detection result of the pressure sensor and can also directly use the pressure as a parameter for estimating the oxygen concentration, and the conversion between the pressure and the oxygen is calculated by a computer and set according to experience. Preferably, the temperature sensor is a five-point type, which can detect temperatures at different stack heights, and more preferably, conditions inside the reactor. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor 6 of the present embodiment are integrated together, and may be provided separately.
The invention adopts temperature control to maintain the activity of the microorganism at a proper level. Preferably, when the temperature in the fermentation tank 1 is lower than the set control temperature, the ventilation oxygen supply amount of the ventilation pipe 2 is increased so as to enhance the microbial activity and increase the heat production amount; otherwise, the aeration oxygen supply is reduced to reduce microbial activity and to allow the temperature to drop back.
The invention can control ventilation according to the oxygen concentration or pressure in the material pile and the fermentation temperature, and mainly controls ventilation quantity and ventilation time. The required oxygen concentration and temperature information were measured by inserting a stainless steel probe into the stockpile. The data is transmitted to the computer to reflect the current situation of the processing process and recorded on the case. The process can be remotely controlled.
In another aspect of the invention, a method for processing organic matters in household garbage to obtain nutrient soil is provided, which comprises the following steps:
And 5, obtaining the nutrient soil after a preset fermentation time. Preferably, the fermentation time is 42 days.
Preferably, the preliminary sorting comprises: after the domestic garbage is sorted by the garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine, manual sorting and magnetic sorting are carried out on the conveying belt.
Preferably, the contents of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite are as follows: 30% of mushroom residues, 30% of chicken manure, 20% of straws, 10% of activated carbon and 10% of bentonite.
Preferably, the ratio of the additive consisting of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite to the organic matter is 1: 9.
to further illustrate the present invention, reference is made to the following embodiments:
(1) after the domestic garbage is sorted by a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine, manual sorting and magnetic separator sorting are carried out on a conveying belt; the following clearance rates were achieved: 60% of plastic, 80% of glass, 70% of combustible matter, 95% of metal, 95% of inorganic battery harmful matter and the like;
(2) crushing the residual garbage sorted in the step (1) by a double-shaft shearing crusher, crushing the garbage by the double-shaft shearing crusher to below 50mm, conveying the garbage to a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine, and sorting again to achieve the following aims: 98.4% of organic matters, 0.8% of plastics, 0.1% of glass, 0% of combustible matters, 0.2% of metal, 0.5% of inorganic battery harmful matters and the like;
(3) and (3) the garbage treated in the step (2) is crushed into the size of less than 5mm by a semi-wet crusher, and the crushed garbage is conveyed to an organic matter and inorganic matter separator for separation, so that the following aims are achieved: 99.6% of organic matter and 0.4% of others; taking organic matters for later use;
(4) mixing the additives according to the proportion of 30 percent of mushroom residues, 30 percent of chicken manure, 20 percent of straws, 10 percent of active carbon and 10 percent of bentonite for later use;
(5) mixing the organic matter obtained in the step (3) and the material obtained in the step (4) according to the ratio of 9:1, and uniformly stirring by using a double-shaft stirrer;
(6) and (5) conveying the material subjected to the step (5) to a film-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation system for fermentation.
(7) After the membrane is covered and fixed, the aerobic fermentation system is covered by the membrane.
In a preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, fermentation is carried out in several stages:
(a) the first fermentation period is 28 days, the temperature is controlled at 40-70 deg.C, and the water content is controlled at 40%. The first fermentation is carried out according to the following process: after composting begins, the temperature of the compost is rapidly and stably increased by presetting the blowing and intermission time of the regulating blower, the temperature of the compost is controlled to reach more than 55 ℃ within 2 days, meanwhile, the blowing time is increased to ensure that the oxygen supply of the compost is sufficient, when the temperature of the compost exceeds 70 ℃, the system starts the blower to blow at full speed, and a large amount of air is utilized to take away excessive heat of the compost. Ensuring that the temperature of the stack does not exceed 70 ℃. The ventilation rate of the whole system is large in a high-temperature stage (55-70 ℃), the duration time is more than 15 days, and the large amount of ventilation in the period also contributes to the reduction of the water content of the compost, because the water (gas) carrying capacity of air is greatly different at different temperatures, the water carrying capacity is stronger at higher temperatures and can be increased by times (see the table below), so that the water content of the compost is reduced rapidly by a large amount of ventilation energy at the high-temperature stage of the compost. After the high-temperature period of about 2 weeks, the temperature of the stack begins to drop, the working time of the blower is reduced, the stack temperature is reduced to about 45 ℃ after 1 week and half to 2 weeks, the first fermentation is basically finished, and the water content of the stack is reduced to 40% from about 60% initially. The primary fermentation can be carried out without adding water and without turning the pile in the midway. And opening the pile layer after 28 days, basically degrading the easily degradable organic matters in the pile layer, and mechanically turning the pile layer once.
Air water-carrying energy meter at different temperatures
| Air temperature C | Saturated water vapor partial pressure MPa | Water content g/kg dry air |
| -10 | 0.0002597 | 1.620 |
| 0 | 0.0006108 | 3.823 |
| 10 | 0.001228 | 7.733 |
| 20 | 0.002339 | 14.897 |
| 25 | 0.003169 | 20.356 |
| 30 | 0.004246 | 27.581 |
| 40 | 0.007381 | 49.568 |
| 45 | 0.009590 | 65.977 |
| 50 | 0.012340 | 87.560 |
| 55 | 0.015750 | 116.279 |
| 60 | 0.019930 | 154.820 |
| 65 | 0.025020 | 207.555 |
(b) The second fermentation period is 14 days, the temperature is controlled at 30-60 ℃, and the water content is controlled at 30%. The second fermentation is carried out according to the following process: after primary fermentation, primary turning can be considered as appropriate for more uniform mixing of the compost, after the compost is built, the operation of an air blower is adjusted and the secondary fermentation is carried out intermittently, when the secondary fermentation is started, a high-temperature period of short time break may be experienced, the temperature exceeds 60 ℃, the ventilation of the air blower is maintained, the temperature of the compost is quickly reduced after 3-4 days, and the degradation of organic matters in the compost is basically finished when the temperature is reduced to about 45 ℃. The stack temperature slowly decreased over time while continuing to maintain the stack blast. After 2 weeks, the temperature of the heap is reduced to about 35 ℃, the water content of the heap is reduced to about 30%, and the second fermentation is basically finished.
(c) After the secondary fermentation is finished, turning the pile once again, and decomposing the pile for 14 days under natural conditions so as to ensure that the fermentation is more complete; then sieving to obtain undersize, namely nutrient soil, and returning oversize to the pretreatment stage before fermentation, adjusting the water content of the material, and increasing the porosity of the stockpile so as to facilitate oxygenation and make the reaction more sufficient.
(d) Organic matters in the household garbage are subjected to biodegradation, conversion, stabilization and drying for 56 days, so that high-quality nutrient soil is obtained; referring to fig. 3, a small amount of percolate generated in the fermentation process is collected by a drainage system and is used for back spraying under the condition of low water content of the raw material.
The invention carries out 3 times of experiments, and the obtained nutrient soil is qualified after being inspected.
Nutrient soil inspection report
| Serial number | Inspection item | Standard and mark value requirements | Test | Singleton decision | |
| 1 | Mass fraction of organic matter% | ≥45 | 48 | Qualified | |
| 2 | Mass fraction of total nutrients% | ≥5.0 | 6 | Qualified | |
| 3 | Mass fraction of water content% | ≤30 | 14 | Qualified | |
| 4 | pH value, pH | 5.5-8.5 | 8.3 | Qualified | |
| 5 | Mass fraction of total nitrogen (N)% | - | 1.0 | Qualified | |
| 6 | Total phosphorus (P)2O5) By mass fraction of (A), of | - | 1.4 | Qualified | |
| 7 | Total potassium (K)2O) mass fraction% | - | 1.8 | Qualified | |
| 8 | Mortality rate of roundworm eggs% | ≥95 | 100 | Qualified | |
| 9 | Fecal coliform count, number/g | ≤100 | 23 | Qualified | |
| 10 | Total Arsenic (AS), mg/kg | ≤15 | 7 | Qualified | |
| 11 | Total mercury (in Hg), mg/kg | ≤2 | 0.3 | Qualified | |
| 12 | Total lead (in Pb), mg/kg | ≤50 | 15 | Qualified | |
| 13 | Total cadmium (in Cd), mg/kg | ≤3 | 1 | Qualified | |
| 14 | Total chromium (in terms of Cr), mg/kg | ≤150 | 38 | Qualified |
The invention has the following advantages and positive effects
(1) The technology provided by the invention can be used for industrialization and is suitable for a method and a system for treating organic matters in household garbage with daily garbage treatment capacity of 100-300 tons;
(2) the investment is saved: the organic matter fermentation part does not need a large number of deodorization systems, so that the deodorization cost is reduced, and the investment is saved;
(3) no peculiar smell, no leachate discharge: the organic matter fermentation part is coated with a film, so that no peculiar smell exists; the emission of odor is reduced by more than 90 percent as a closed system; the investment of percolate treatment equipment is not needed, and because high temperature is generated in the fermentation process to evaporate water, the production amount of percolate is little, and no percolate is discharged;
(4) the operation cost is low: during the fermentation process, according to the temperature and the oxygen content of each point in the pile body, the oxygen supply is dynamically controlled in real time, the pile is turned for only 1 time, the power consumption is low, the treatment efficiency is high, and the power consumption is about 2 degrees per ton; the equipment is simple, maintenance is basically avoided, and the maintenance cost is low;
(5) the harmless degree is good: high temperature of more than 70 ℃ is generated in the composting process, and almost all harmful germs and ova can be killed after decomposition for 4 weeks;
(6) the product quality is high: due to the application of new technologies such as multipoint temperature and absolute oxygen content real-time monitoring, the whole system can run efficiently and stably. The Goll membrane has the function of preventing ammonia gas from overflowing and can be fixed in a cell body through the synthesis effect of microorganisms, so that the system has a great nitrogen fixation effect and greatly improves the fertility of the finished product nutrient soil.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. A garbage aerobic fermentation system is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a fermentation tank (1), a ventilation pipe (2) and a covering film (3), and further comprises a control device, wherein the control device controls the air quantity and the ventilation time of the ventilation pipe (2) according to the oxygen concentration and the temperature in the fermentation tank (1) so as to maintain the activity of microorganisms at a preset level.
2. The aerobic fermentation system for garbage as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the control device obtains the oxygen concentration according to the detection result of the pressure sensor.
3. A waste aerobic fermentation system according to claim 1, wherein when the temperature in the fermentation tank (1) is lower than the set control temperature, the ventilation oxygen supply of the ventilation pipe (2) is increased to enhance the microbial activity and increase the heat production; otherwise, the aeration oxygen supply is reduced to reduce microbial activity and allow the temperature to drop back.
4. A waste aerobic fermentation system according to claim 1, wherein the cover membrane (3) is a gol membrane.
5. A garbage aerobic fermentation system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom wall of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a ventilation pipe (2) and a liquid collection tank (4), the ventilation pipe (2) is arranged in the liquid collection tank (4), one end of the base of the fermentation tank (1) is provided with a ventilation opening (7), one end of the ventilation pipe (2) is connected with the ventilation opening (7), and the other end is arranged at a position corresponding to the liquid collection tank (4).
6. A method for obtaining nutrient soil by treating household garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, crushing the garbage subjected to preliminary sorting, and sorting again;
step 2, crushing the garbage treated in the step 1, and sorting to obtain organic matters;
step 3, adding a predetermined amount of mushroom residues, chicken manure, straws, activated carbon and bentonite into the organic matter and mixing;
step 4, conveying the mixed materials to a garbage aerobic fermentation system of any one of claims 1 to 5 for fermentation;
and 5, obtaining the nutrient soil after a preset fermentation time.
7. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by disposing domestic garbage according to claim 6, wherein:
in the step 1, the garbage after primary sorting is crushed by a double-shaft shearing crusher and then conveyed to a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine for secondary sorting;
and 2, crushing the garbage treated in the step 1 by a semi-wet crusher, and then conveying the crushed garbage to an organic matter and inorganic matter separator for separation to obtain organic matters.
8. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by processing household garbage according to claim 7, wherein the preliminary sorting comprises: after the domestic garbage is sorted by the garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine, manual sorting and magnetic sorting are carried out on the conveying belt.
9. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by disposing domestic garbage according to claim 8, wherein: the preliminary sorting achieves at least the following clearance rates: 60% of plastic, 80% of glass, 70% of combustible matter, 95% of metal, 95% of inorganic battery harmful matter and the like; crushing the garbage after the primary sorting to below 50mm by using a double-shaft shearing crusher, and conveying the garbage to a garbage roller comprehensive sorting machine for secondary sorting; the recleaning achieves the following goals: 98.4% of organic matters, 0.8% of plastics, 0.1% of glass, 0% of combustible matters, 0.2% of metal, 0.5% of inorganic battery harmful matters and the like.
10. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by disposing domestic garbage according to claim 9, wherein: the semi-wet crusher in the step 2 crushes the garbage into less than 5mm, and the garbage is conveyed to an organic matter and inorganic matter separator for separation, so that the following targets are achieved: 99.6 percent of organic matter and 0.4 percent of other organic matter.
11. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by processing household garbage according to claim 6, wherein the contents of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite are as follows: 30% of mushroom residues, 30% of chicken manure, 20% of straws, 10% of activated carbon and 10% of bentonite.
12. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by processing household garbage according to claim 11, wherein the ratio of the additive consisting of mushroom residue, chicken manure, straw, activated carbon and bentonite to the organic matter is 1: 9.
13. the method for obtaining nutrient soil by processing household garbage according to claim 6, wherein the fermentation time is 42 days; wherein the first fermentation is carried out for 28 days, the temperature is controlled to be 40-70 ℃, the water content after the fermentation is controlled to be 40%, the second fermentation is carried out for 14 days, the temperature is controlled to be 30-60 ℃, and the water content after the fermentation is controlled to be 30%.
14. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by disposing domestic garbage according to claim 13, wherein: and turning the pile once after the second fermentation is finished, decomposing the pile for 14 days under natural conditions, and finally screening.
15. The method for obtaining nutrient soil by disposing domestic garbage according to claim 14, wherein: a small amount of percolate generated in the fermentation process is collected by a drainage system and then is sprayed back under the condition of low water content of the raw material.
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| CN113303202A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-27 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling culture medium developed from aerobic fermentation product of agricultural wastes of tail vegetable sources and application of seedling culture medium |
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| CN101973793A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-02-16 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | Method for treating municipal domestic wastes |
| CN104150993A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 杨健 | Treatment method of organic matters in garbage aerobic fermentation system and household garbage |
| CN106187344A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | Organic substance aerobic compost method more than a kind of kitchen |
| CN106824984A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-13 | 湖南万容科技股份有限公司 | A kind of life refuse processing method |
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2018
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101973793A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-02-16 | 桑德环境资源股份有限公司 | Method for treating municipal domestic wastes |
| CN104150993A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-19 | 杨健 | Treatment method of organic matters in garbage aerobic fermentation system and household garbage |
| CN106187344A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 金发科技股份有限公司 | Organic substance aerobic compost method more than a kind of kitchen |
| CN106824984A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-06-13 | 湖南万容科技股份有限公司 | A kind of life refuse processing method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113303202A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-27 | 南京农业大学 | Seedling culture medium developed from aerobic fermentation product of agricultural wastes of tail vegetable sources and application of seedling culture medium |
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