JP2000515414A - Method and apparatus for crushing worn tire case - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for crushing worn tire caseInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000515414A JP2000515414A JP50835397A JP50835397A JP2000515414A JP 2000515414 A JP2000515414 A JP 2000515414A JP 50835397 A JP50835397 A JP 50835397A JP 50835397 A JP50835397 A JP 50835397A JP 2000515414 A JP2000515414 A JP 2000515414A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- crushing
- shell
- crushing device
- tire case
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 206010016256 fatigue Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/52—Unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading
- B29D30/68—Cutting profiles into the treads of tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B1/00—Dumping solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B17/0206—Selectively separating reinforcements from matrix material by destroying the interface bound before disintegrating the matrix to particles or powder, e.g. from tires or belts
- B29B17/021—Selectively separating reinforcements from matrix material by destroying the interface bound before disintegrating the matrix to particles or powder, e.g. from tires or belts using local heating of the reinforcement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
- B02C2201/04—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for used tyres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0811—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using induction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2021/00—Use of unspecified rubbers as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
- Y10S241/31—Rubber preparation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Tyre Moulding (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 摩耗タイヤケースを破砕する方法及びその装置 技術分野 本発明は、全体として、産業及び家庭の廃棄物を処理すること、より具体的に は、自動車、又はその他の機械の摩耗タイヤケース、特に、金属コードを有する タイヤケースを処理する技術、及び該技術を実際に適用する装置に関する。 背景技術 現在、金属コードを有する自動車及びトラクタの空気芯タイヤの摩耗ケースを 処理することは、その現在の処理技術は、多量の材料及び力を消費するため、経 済的でない結果、技術的に且つ環境的に重大な問題となっている。 摩耗ケースを破砕する一つの公知の方法は、互いに回転し且つディスク及び歯 付きスリーブを支承する2つの軸を備える破砕機を使用して機械的に破砕するこ とが公知である(ソ連特許第A1,633,601号)。 しかしながら、上記の方法は、力の消費量が多く、複雑な大型の装置を使用し なければならないこと、特に、金属コードケースを処理するために使用するとき 、急速に摩耗する刃物を交換しなければならないという欠点がある。 摩耗した金属コードの補強タイヤケースを破砕する更に一つの方法は、そのケ ースを脆弱状態まで冷却し、その後に、ダイ及びポンチとしての外観を呈する2 つの分断装置を備える装置を使用してその機械的切断及び破砕を行うものが公知 である。 しかしながら、上記の方法及び分断装置もまた、著しく多量の液体窒素を発生 させ且つ使用する必要があるため、多量の力を消費する。 現在、当該技術分野にて公知のものは、複合体及びゴム状の材料で出来た物品 、特に、摩耗タイヤケースを破壊する方法であって、ケースを前処理し且つ膨張 させることによりそのケースを破砕することを含む方法が公知である(ソ連特許 第A1,1,614,843号)。しかしながら、この方法によれば、ケースは、大きい破片 に破砕され、このため、その他の技術を使用して、更なる分断を行うことが必要 となる。更に、この方法は、分断効率が低く、また、爆発エネルギの利用率が低 いという欠点がある。 摩耗タイヤケースを爆発破壊するための装置は、樋状の形状のチャンバと、破 砕したタイヤ用の入れ物と、爆薬を所定の位置に固定する装置とを備えている( ソ連特許第A1,1,614,843号)。 しかしながら、上記の装置は、金属コードで補強したタイヤケースを効率的に 破砕することができず、また、ブラスト処理工程にて採用される安全上の技術基 準に適合し得ない。 発明の開示 本発明の主たる目的は、金属コードで補強したタイヤケースの破砕効率を高め 且つ力及び材料の消費量を軽減することである。 上記の目的は、タイヤケースを前処理し且つ爆発により破砕することを含む、 本発明による方法において、爆発エネルギ及び破砕したタイヤの破片を方向を定 めて循環的な環状の流れを形成し得るように、爆発作用が、閉じた円形のシステ ム内にてタイヤケースに加えられる。 この方法の特定の実施の形態によれば、タイヤケースの破片には、爆発生成物 により形成された循環する環状の流れ内にて反復的な爆発動作が加わる。提案さ れたその他の特定の実施の形態によれば、爆発により破砕するために金属コード で補強したタイヤケースを前処理することは、そのケースを高周波電流で処理し 、又はコードワイヤーを誘導炉内で加熱し、又はタイヤケースを冷却することを 含むことにより、所望の結果が達成される。 上記の目的は、また、次のようにして達成される。即ち、摩耗タイヤケース及 び爆薬の固定装置を収容するチャンバを備える、本発明による、摩耗タイヤケー スを破壊し且つ破砕するための装置には、破砕部材と、配管とが設けられており 、これらの破砕部材及び配管は、上記のチャンバと共に、円形のシステムを形成 する一方、該チャンバは、截頭円錐形の殻体の形状とされた部分を有し、この截 頭円錐形の殻体内に、破砕部材及び爆薬の固定装置が収容されるようにする。こ の截頭円錐形の殻体の小径部分は、弁を介して配管の一端と連通する一方、配管 の他端は、円錐形の形状をした殻体のより大径部分の側部からチャンバに接続さ れている。 この装置のその他の特定の実施の形態によれば、円錐形の形状の殻体に設けら れた破砕部材は、その軸方向面内に配置されたプレートの外観を呈する。該プレ ートは、破砕すべきタイヤケースを収容するスペースを画成する切欠きを有して いる。該弁は、円錐形の形状をした殻体のより小径の基部の領域に配置されたグ リッドの外観を呈する。この配管には、タイヤケースの破片を破砕するグリッド が設けられている。円錐形の形状の殻体のより大きい基部を配管に接続する該チ ャンバの壁は、截頭円錐形の形状の殻体の外観を呈し、又は、円筒形の遷移壁に 接続された殻体の外観を呈する。円錐形の形状の殻体のより大きい基部の側部に 設けられた配管エルボは、取り外し可能である一方、固定された配管エルボは、 生成物の排出穴を有している。該チャンバ及び配管は、保護ハウジングによりそ の周囲の環境から絶縁されている一方、ハウジングとチャンバとの間のスペース 、及びハウジングと配管との間のスペースは、該装置の防音のために排気される 。 提案された方法、及びこの方法を実施するための装置は、必須の特徴を組み合 わせることにより、最初の爆発の段階にてタイヤケースを比較的大きい破片に破 壊する一方、爆発の第二の段階にて、チャンバ内に収容された破砕部材及び配管 と衝突したとき、環状のスペースに沿って何回も循環する、ある方向への爆発エ ネルギの流れを形成する結果として、より大きい破片が破砕する。 図面の簡単な説明 以下、添付図面を参照しつつ、本発明に関して詳細に説明する。添付図面にお いて、 図1は、提案された方法を実施する装置の該略図的な全体図である。 図2は、上記装置のチャンバの断面図である。 発明を実施するための好適な実施の形態 この装置は、截頭円錐形の殻体1と、壁2とから成り、配管3、4と共に、円 形のシステムを形成する、補強チャンバを備えている。この配管は、取り外し可 能なエルボ3と、該チャンバに恒久的に接続されたエルボ4とを備えている。 該配管は、グリッド5を収容する一方、配管エルボ3は、継手6を介して配管 エルボ4に接続されている。その上方部分に形成された切欠きを有するプレート 7が殻体1に溶接されており、この切欠きは、タイヤケース8を収容するための スペースを画成する。このチャンバ壁2は、継手10を介して配管エルボ3に接 続されている。 この配管エルボ4は、タイヤケースの破砕片を排出するための穴11と、膨張 チャンバの空気を吹き出す弁12とを備えている。破砕しようとするタイヤケー スのパックの内部に楕円形の爆薬13が配置されている。チャンバ1、2及び配 管3、4は、ハウジング内に収容される一方、ハウジングと装置との間のスペー スは、装置の防音効果及び断熱効果を一層、増すように排気されている。上記ス ペース(空隙)の量は、爆薬の作用により、チャンバ及び配管が直線状に変位す る量を上廻る。 この提案された方法は、また、破砕する前に、タイヤケースの洗浄を含む、タ イヤケースを前処理することと、ビードを形成するリングを分離することと、タ イヤケースを圧縮することと、誘導炉内にて高周波電流、又はその加熱により、 金属コードを処理して、コード対ゴムの接着を低下されることと、又は、ゴムを 脆弱するためにタイヤケースを冷却することとを含む工程、及びゴムからのタイ ヤコードの分離を容易にするその他の何らかの工程をも備えている。 前処理したタイヤケース8のパックは、配管エルボ3を除去することで形成さ れた壁2の開口部を介してチャンバ内に挿入され、プレート7の切欠きにより形 成されたスペース内に配置される。次に、爆薬13をタイヤケースのパック内に 挿入し、配管エルボ3及び継手6、10を使用して、配管エルボ4と壁2の開口 部とを連通させる工程とにより、閉じた円形のシステムが構成される。 本発明の装置は、次のように作動する。 爆薬13を着火させると、その結果、爆発の最初の段階にてタイヤケース8が 半径方向に変位されて、プレート7の作用の下、大きい破片に破壊される。爆発 の第二の段階において、爆発エネルギ及び破壊したタイヤケースの破片のある方 向への流れが形成され、上述した閉じた円形のスペース内にて循環し、これは、 チャンバの構造的な配置によるものである。タイヤケースの破片が更に破砕され ること、及び循環する流れの爆発エネルギが吸収されることは、グリッド5、プ レート7、ストリップ9、チャンバ(1、2)の壁、及び配管(3、4)の作用 によるものである。 爆発生成物の循環が停止したならば、弁12が開いて、爆発チャンバの空気を 吹き出し、その結果、タイヤケースの破砕片が穴11から放出され且つゴム屑及 び金属コードと、ビードを形成するリングの破片とに分離される(これらが、タ イヤケースの前処理段階にて分離されていない場合)。 タイヤケースの破砕により生じる生成物は、機械的に、又はこの提案された方 法に従い爆発エネルギを繰り返して使用することの何れかにより、更に分断させ ることができる。この後者の場合、タイヤケースの破片は、補強チャンバ内に装 填され、循環する爆発流内にて更に分断させる。また、この破片の再破砕は、生 成物を再度装填せずに行うことができる。 以下に、この提案された方法の特定の実施例の幾つかを掲げる。 実施例1 型式6,45−13の金属コードで補強したタイヤケースの破砕を行う。洗浄した後 、タイヤケースは1つのパック(各々、5つのタイヤから成る)内に配置し、補 強チャンバ内に投入する。次に、粉末状硝酸アンモニウム(70%)と、トリニト ロトルエン(30%)とから成っており、その総重量は1kgである、円筒形の爆 薬をパック内に挿入する。 この爆薬を型式3Д−8電気ヒューズで着火させる。本明細書に開示した方法 によりタイヤケースの爆発破砕により生じる破片の最大寸法は、50mm以下であ り、20mm以下の寸法の破片の量は、ゴム及び金属コードの総重量の約25%であ る。破壊されたビード形成リングの破片の最大寸法は50mmである。 実施例2 寸法20乃至50mmであり、実施例1から得られるタイヤケースの破片を更に破 砕する。この爆発方法は、実施例1と同様の方法にて行われる。この第二の破砕 方法により生じるタイヤケースの破片の最大寸法は20mm以下である。次に、形 成される生成物を機械的に分断し、ゴム屑を金属コードから分離する。 実施例3 型式6,45−13の金属コードで補強したタイヤケースを高周波電流で処理するこ とにより、コードワイヤーのゴムに対する接着力を低下させるべく、更に破砕す るために前処理する。実施例1に記載した爆発破砕の結果として、次の組成を有 する生成物が得られる。タイヤケースの最大寸法は50mmであり、20mm以下の 寸法の破片の量は35重量%、ゴムから完全に分離された金属コードの比率は約70 %である。 実施例4 金属コードで補強したタイヤケースを液体窒素で冷却することにより、更に破 砕するために前処理し、次に、実施例1におけると同様に爆発破砕させる。形成 される破片は、最大寸法が10mmであり、3mm以下の寸法のゴム屑の量は50重 量%である。 実施例5 実施例1におけるようにタイヤケースを前処理した後、そのタイヤケースは、 金属コード対ゴムの接着力を低下させ得るように誘導炉内で熱処理する。次に、 タイヤケースを実施例1におけるように爆発破砕し、次の特性を有する製品が得 られるようにする。即ち、タイヤケースの破片の最大寸法が50mm以下であり、 20mm以下の寸法の破片の量が30乃至35%である一方、ゴムから分離された金属 コードの比率が約70%であるようにする。 産業上の利用可能性 上記方法を実施するための方法及びその装置は、タイヤケースを破壊するため のみならず、それにより生ずる破片を破砕するためにも爆発の効果を一層、より 効果的にする。本発明の実際的な使用は、簡単な装置を使用することを含み、ま た、爆発工程の準備方法は簡単な手順から成っている。この提案された方法によ る技術的な方法を提供することで、タイヤケースを破壊し且つ破砕するときに消 費される力の量及びそのコストを著しく削減することができる。 この方法を実験的にチェックし且つその方法を実施する装置を試験すると、タ イヤケースを破砕する技術的な方法は、ブラスト処理工程にて採用される安全上 の技術に課され且つ環境的な安全性のために課される最も厳しい基準に正確に適 合して実現可能であるという証拠が得られる。 摩耗タイヤケースを破砕するこの提案された方法及びその装置は、摩耗タイヤ ケースを格納する場合な存する者を含んで、再生処理企業にて広く産業上、利用 可能である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Method and apparatus for crushing worn tire case Technical field The present invention generally relates to the treatment of industrial and domestic waste, more specifically Has worn tire cases for automobiles or other machines, especially with metal cords The present invention relates to a technology for processing a tire case and an apparatus for actually applying the technology. Background art At present, wear cases for air core tires of automobiles and tractors with metal cords Processing is an ongoing process because current processing techniques consume large amounts of material and power. As a result, technical and environmental issues are significant. One known method of crushing a wear case is to rotate the disks and teeth together. Mechanical crushing using a crusher with two shafts supporting the (US Pat. No. A1,633,601). However, the above method is power intensive and uses complex large equipment. What must be done, especially when used to process metal cord cases The disadvantage is that the tool, which wears quickly, must be replaced. Another method of crushing worn metal cord reinforced tire cases is The base is cooled to a brittle state, after which it has the appearance of a die and a punch 2 It is known to perform mechanical cutting and crushing using a device having two cutting devices It is. However, the above methods and splitters also generate significantly higher amounts of liquid nitrogen. It consumes a lot of power because it needs to be used and used. Currently known in the art are composites and articles made of rubber-like materials In particular, a method of destroying a worn tire case, comprising pretreating the case and inflating it A method is known which involves crushing the case by causing No. A1,1,614,843). However, according to this method, the case is Crushed, which requires further fragmentation using other techniques Becomes In addition, this method has low fragmentation efficiency and low explosive energy utilization. Disadvantage. The device for explosive destruction of worn tire cases consists of a gutter-shaped chamber It has a container for crushed tires and a device for fixing explosives in place ( Soviet Patent No. A1,1,614,843). However, the above-mentioned device can efficiently use a tire case reinforced with a metal cord. It cannot be crushed and is a safety technology base adopted in the blasting process. Not conformable. Disclosure of the invention The main object of the present invention is to increase the crushing efficiency of a tire case reinforced with a metal cord. And to reduce power and material consumption. The above objects include pretreating the tire case and crushing it by explosion, In the method according to the invention, the energy of the explosion and the crushed tire debris are determined. The explosion action should be closed and circular so that a circular Inside the tire case. According to a particular embodiment of the method, the debris of the tire case contains explosive products A repetitive explosive action is added in the circulating annular flow formed by the above. Suggested According to another particular embodiment, a metal cord is used to Pre-treating a tire case reinforced with Or heating the cord wire in an induction furnace or cooling the tire case. By including, the desired result is achieved. The above object is also achieved as follows. That is, the worn tire case and A wear tire casing according to the invention, comprising a chamber for accommodating an explosive and explosive securing device. The device for breaking and crushing steel is provided with a crushing member and piping. , These crushing members and tubing together with the above chambers form a circular system On the other hand, the chamber has a part shaped as a frustoconical shell, The crushing member and the explosive fixing device are accommodated in the frustoconical shell. This The small diameter portion of the truncated conical shell communicates with one end of the pipe via a valve, while The other end is connected to the chamber from the side of the larger diameter part of the cone shaped shell. Have been. According to another particular embodiment of the device, the device is provided in a conically shaped shell. The crushing member has the appearance of a plate arranged in its axial plane. The pre The cutout has a notch that defines the space to accommodate the tire case to be crushed. I have. The valve is located in the region of the smaller diameter base of the cone shaped shell. It takes on the appearance of a lid. This pipe has a grid that crushes tire case debris. Is provided. A tube connecting the larger base of the cone-shaped shell to the pipework The wall of the chamber has the appearance of a frusto-conical shell or a cylindrical transition wall. It has the appearance of a connected shell. On the side of the larger base of the conical shaped shell The provided piping elbow is removable, while the fixed piping elbow is It has a product discharge hole. The chamber and piping are protected by a protective housing. The space between the housing and the chamber while being insulated from the surrounding environment , And the space between the housing and the piping is evacuated for sound insulation of the device . The proposed method, and the apparatus for performing the method, combine the essential features. To break the tire case into relatively large pieces during the first explosion In the second stage of the explosion, while fracturing, the crushing members and piping housed in the chamber Explosion in one direction, circulating many times along the annular space when colliding with Larger debris fractures as a result of forming the energy flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to the attached drawing And FIG. 1 is a schematic overview of an apparatus for implementing the proposed method. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the chamber of the above apparatus. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION This device consists of a frusto-conical shell 1 and a wall 2 and, together with the pipes 3 and 4, a circle. A reinforcement chamber forming a shaped system. This piping is removable It has a working elbow 3 and an elbow 4 permanently connected to the chamber. The pipe houses the grid 5, while the pipe elbow 3 is connected via a joint 6 It is connected to the elbow 4. Plate with a notch formed in its upper part 7 is welded to the shell 1, and this notch is used to accommodate the tire case 8. Define space. This chamber wall 2 is connected to a piping elbow 3 via a joint 10. Has been continued. The piping elbow 4 has a hole 11 for discharging crushed pieces of the tire case, A valve 12 for blowing air from the chamber. Tire case to be crushed An elliptical explosive 13 is arranged inside a pack of steel. Chambers 1, 2 and arrangement The tubes 3, 4 are housed in the housing while the space between the housing and the device is kept. The air is evacuated to further enhance the sound and thermal insulation of the device. The above The amount of the pace (void) is such that the chamber and piping are displaced linearly by the action of the explosive. More than The proposed method also includes cleaning the tire case before crushing, Pre-treating the earcase, separating the rings that form the beads, By compressing the ear case and high-frequency current in the induction furnace, or its heating, Treating metal cords to reduce cord-to-rubber adhesion, or Cooling the tire case to make it vulnerable; and There are some other steps to facilitate separation of the jacquard. The pre-treated pack of the tire case 8 is formed by removing the piping elbow 3. Inserted into the chamber through the opening in the cut wall 2 and shaped by a notch in the plate 7. It is placed in the created space. Next, put the explosive 13 in the tire case pack. Insert and use piping elbow 3 and fittings 6 and 10 to open piping elbow 4 and wall 2 The step of communicating with the parts constitutes a closed circular system. The device of the present invention operates as follows. When the explosive 13 is ignited, the result is that the tire case 8 It is displaced in the radial direction and is broken down into large pieces under the action of the plate 7. explosion In the second stage of the explosion energy and broken tire case debris Flow is formed and circulates in the closed circular space described above, This is due to the structural arrangement of the chamber. The pieces of the tire case are further crushed That the explosive energy of the circulating stream is absorbed Action of rate 7, strip 9, walls of chambers (1, 2) and pipes (3, 4) It is due to. If the circulation of the explosion products has stopped, the valve 12 opens and the air in the explosion chamber is released. Blow-out, as a result, fragments of the tire case are released from the holes 11 and rubber dust and And the metal cord and the pieces of the ring that form the bead (these If not separated during the earcase pretreatment stage). The products resulting from the crushing of the tire case can be either mechanically or By further using explosive energy in accordance with the law Can be In this latter case, the fragments of the tire case are mounted in the reinforcement chamber. And breaks it further in the circulating explosive stream. In addition, re-crushing of this fragment This can be done without reloading the composition. The following are some specific embodiments of the proposed method. Example 1 Crush the tire case reinforced with a metal cord of type 6,45-13. After washing And the tire cases are placed in one pack (each consisting of five tires) and Put into the strong chamber. Next, powdered ammonium nitrate (70%) A cylindrical explosion made of toluene (30%) with a total weight of 1 kg. Insert the drug into the pack. The explosive is ignited with a type 3Д-8 electrical fuse. The method disclosed herein The maximum size of fragments generated by explosive crushing of the tire case is 50 mm or less. The amount of debris with a size of 20 mm or less is about 25% of the total weight of rubber and metal cord. You. The maximum size of a broken bead forming ring fragment is 50 mm. Example 2 The size of the tire case is 20 to 50 mm, and the pieces of the tire case obtained from Example 1 are further broken. Crush. This explosion method is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. This second crush The maximum size of the fragments of the tire case generated by the method is not more than 20 mm. Next, the shape The product formed is mechanically cut off and the rubber debris is separated from the metal cord. Example 3 Treat tire cases reinforced with metal cord of type 6,45-13 with high-frequency current. In order to reduce the adhesive strength of the cord wire to rubber, Pre-processing As a result of the explosion crushing described in Example 1, A product is obtained. The maximum size of the tire case is 50 mm, and the maximum size is 20 mm or less. The amount of shards of dimensions is 35% by weight, the ratio of metal cords completely separated from rubber is about 70 %. Example 4 Cooling the tire case reinforced with metal cord with liquid nitrogen further breaks it. It is pretreated for crushing and then blasted as in Example 1. Formation The maximum size of the shards is 10 mm, and the amount of rubber scrap with a size of 3 mm or less is 50 %. Example 5 After pre-treating the tire case as in Example 1, the tire case is: Heat treatment in an induction furnace to reduce the adhesion of the metal cord to the rubber. next, The tire case is explosively crushed as in Example 1 to obtain a product having the following characteristics: To be able to That is, the maximum size of the fragments of the tire case is 50 mm or less, Metals separated from rubber, while the amount of debris with dimensions less than 20 mm is 30-35% Make sure that the code ratio is about 70%. Industrial applicability A method and an apparatus for performing the above method are used to destroy a tire case. Not only that, but also the effect of the explosion to break up the resulting debris, To be effective. Practical uses of the present invention include the use of simple devices. The preparation of the explosion process consists of simple steps. According to this proposed method Provide a technical way to destroy and crush tire cases. The amount of force expended and its cost can be significantly reduced. By experimentally checking this method and testing the equipment implementing the method, the The technical method of crushing the ear case is based on the safety used in the blasting process. Exactly meet the most stringent standards imposed on existing technologies and imposed on environmental safety. Evidence is obtained that this is feasible. The proposed method and apparatus for crushing a worn tire case is intended for use in a worn tire. In case of storing cases, including those who exist, widely used in industry by reprocessing companies It is possible.
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PCT/RU1995/000163 WO1997005995A1 (en) | 1995-08-08 | 1995-08-08 | Method of shredding worn out tyre casings and a device for applying the method |
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EP (1) | EP0872319B1 (en) |
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GB2196637A (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-05-05 | Kenneth Michael Holland | Microwave treatment of rubber scrap |
SU1614843A1 (en) * | 1988-10-21 | 1990-12-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-3611 | Arrangement for grinding hollow volumetric bodies |
DE3924145A1 (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1991-01-31 | Vendel Karl Heinz | Recovery of steel and rubber from old tyres - by inductively heating steel cords to mechanically strip them from rubber |
SU1752562A1 (en) * | 1990-03-05 | 1992-08-07 | Специальное Конструкторско-Технологическое Бюро По Криогенной Технике С Опытным Производством Физико-Технического Института Низких Температур Ан Усср | Automatic line for cold crushing of warn treads reinforced with metal cord |
RU1782660C (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-12-23 | Отдел Института горного дела СО АН СССР | Method of grinding hollow toroidal products |
RU2004978C1 (en) * | 1991-11-13 | 1993-12-30 | Сайдаш Асылович Кабиров | Method of separating metal cord and disintegrating hollow shell made of composition material |
-
1994
- 1994-02-15 RU RU94005772A patent/RU2057014C1/en active IP Right Revival
-
1995
- 1995-08-08 AT AT95929265T patent/ATE197570T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-08 WO PCT/RU1995/000163 patent/WO1997005995A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-08-08 AU AU32673/95A patent/AU722283B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-08 KR KR10-1998-0700946A patent/KR100371017B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-08 JP JP50835397A patent/JP3682069B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-08 BR BR9510625A patent/BR9510625A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-08 DE DE1995619446 patent/DE69519446T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-08 CA CA 2235321 patent/CA2235321C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-08 UA UA98031181A patent/UA43900C2/en unknown
- 1995-08-08 ES ES95929265T patent/ES2153492T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-08 US US09/242,280 patent/US6056216A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-08 EP EP19950929265 patent/EP0872319B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-02-13 GR GR20010400231T patent/GR3035403T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2020012130A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-23 | 潔 朝比奈 | Method for recovering valuable materials from processing object |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6056216A (en) | 2000-05-02 |
DE69519446T2 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
WO1997005995A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
EP0872319A4 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
DE69519446D1 (en) | 2000-12-21 |
BR9510625A (en) | 1999-03-23 |
JP3682069B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
RU94005772A (en) | 1996-05-20 |
KR19990036278A (en) | 1999-05-25 |
ES2153492T3 (en) | 2001-03-01 |
AU3267395A (en) | 1997-03-05 |
EP0872319B1 (en) | 2000-11-15 |
KR100371017B1 (en) | 2003-04-18 |
CA2235321C (en) | 2003-01-14 |
EP0872319A1 (en) | 1998-10-21 |
UA43900C2 (en) | 2002-01-15 |
RU2057014C1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
ATE197570T1 (en) | 2000-12-15 |
CA2235321A1 (en) | 1997-02-20 |
AU722283B2 (en) | 2000-07-27 |
GR3035403T3 (en) | 2001-05-31 |
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