WO2012053923A1

WO2012053923A1 - Armored chamber for grinding worn tire casings

Info

Publication number: WO2012053923A1
Application number: PCT/RU2010/000616
Authority: WO
Inventors: Александр Андреевич НАБОК; Александр Сергеевич ЗAXAP0B
Original assignee: Nabok Alexandr Andreevich; Zakharov Alexandr Sergeevich
Priority date: 2010-10-22
Filing date: 2010-10-22
Publication date: 2012-04-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of industrial waste material and can be used in the manufacture of armored chambers for grinding worn tire casings using explosive materials. The technical problem of the invention consists in reducing the pressure of a shock wave acting on the inner surface of the armored chamber housing in the axial direction. In the known armored chamber for grinding worn tire casings (said armored chamber comprising: a housing with a chute formed in the upper central part of said housing and having a cover for feeding the tire casings and a charge and a means for discharging the solid products resulting from grinding of the tire casings with, arranged in the lower conical part of the housing; a means for arranging the tire casings; means for arranging and detonating the charge of explosive material; and means for removing the gaseous products of explosion), the upper peripheral part of the housing is in the form of an inwardly facing annular channel, which is connected to the lateral shell of the housing and to the shell of the chute, and a shock wave deflector is mounted on the inner surface of the cover of the chute, the working surface of said deflector preferably having a conical shape and merging smoothly with the working surface of the annular channel.

Description

Bronekamera for grinding worn tires

Technical field

The invention relates to the processing of industrial waste and can be used in the manufacture of armored chambers for crushing worn tires using explosive materials to produce rubber crumb and cord metal.

State of the art

There is a known method of processing worn tires with metal cord using mechanical grinding using a unit equipped with two parallel shafts rotating towards each other, on which mills equipped with interchangeable cutting elements are fixed (patent RU 2125908). When grinding covers with metal cord using such a device, a significant amount of electricity is consumed and there is a need to periodically stop the process for readjusting equipment and replacing cutting elements. This significantly limits the productivity of such equipment and reduces the profitability of the technology.

An armored camera is known, the body of which is made in the form of two truncated conical shells interconnected by wide bases, the smaller bases of the conical shells are interconnected by an external pipeline that forms a looped working volume of the armored chamber (patent RU 2057014). The upper part of the pipeline is removable for loading worn-out tires and explosive charge into the armored chamber, and on the lower stationary part of the pipeline there is a hatch for unloading products obtained by grinding the tires by explosion. Using the well-known armored camera, an explosive-circulation process of grinding tires is realized, in which it is possible to significantly reduce the effect of an explosion 2010/000616 wave on the body of the armored camera due to the features of its geometry. However, the need to use an external pipeline with movable elements in the design significantly complicates the design of the armored chamber, increases the likelihood of depressurization of the working volume during an explosion, and also significantly increases the metal consumption and dimensions of the armored chamber.

Closest to the claimed armored camera is a device for destroying worn-out tires, comprising an armored camera, an upper hatch with a lid for loading and placing tires therein, means for placing and detonating explosives, means for removing gaseous explosion products and a hatch for unloading grinded products tires (patent RU N ° 2184035). The design of this device allows for efficient grinding of tires due to a certain ratio of the sizes of the armored camera and the package of tires, as well as the choice of charge power. A disadvantage of the known device is that during the explosion, the hatch for loading tires and other parts of the body of the armored camera, which are oriented normal to the direction of movement of the blast wave, experience high shock loads. This nature of the shock load is due to the geometrical shape of the explosive charge and the main direction of the shock wave (upward axis) in the initial phase of the explosion. This leads to the need to increase the thickness of the loading hatch and the walls of the hull, increases the likelihood of depressurization of the armored chamber, reduces the grinding performance, and significantly limits its use for large-diameter tires.

Disclosure of invention

An object of the invention is to reduce the pressure of the shock wave when acting on the inner surface of the housing bro non-chambers in the axial direction. The solution to this problem allows one to significantly reduce the specific metal consumption of the armored chamber, increase its resistance to explosion, increase the grinding performance and expand the possibilities of its use for grinding large-diameter tires.

The technical problem is solved in that in the known armored chamber for grinding worn-out tires (comprising a body, in the upper central part of which there is a hatch with a cover for loading covers and charge, and in the lower conical part of the body there is a means for unloading solid products of grinding tires ; means for accommodating tires, means for accommodating and detonating the explosive charge and means for removing gaseous products of the explosion) the upper peripheral part of the body is made in the form of an inverted In the morning of the annular trough, which is connected to the side shell of the hull and to the hatch of the hatch, a blast wave fairing is installed on the inner surface of the hatch cover, the working surface of which is predominantly conical in shape and smoothly mating with the working surface of the annular trough.

In a particular embodiment of the armored camera, the fairing is made in the form of a conical shell with a taper angle of 30 ° to 90 ° connected to the hatch with a cylindrical shell mounted concentrically relative to the shell of the hatch.

In another particular embodiment, the armored chambers of the annular groove are made of several sections interconnected by welding, made of bent plates or pipe fragments.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, the annular groove of the housing is made of N sections interconnected by welding, the side shell of the housing is also made of N plate welded together sections, and each section of the side shell is connected by welding with the adjacent section of the gutter, and the number N is selected at least 6.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, the lower conical part of the casing is also made of N plate sections welded together, each section being welded with an adjacent side shell section.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the claimed combination of essential features of the device of the armored camera allows you to create conditions under which the impact of the shock wave in the axial direction on the cover of the loading hatch and the walls of the armored vehicle is significantly weakened. This is achieved due to the fact that, with the declared geometric shape of the armored camera, the impact of the shock wave and explosion products on its body does not cause the formation of high values of the explosion parameters that are realized when the shock wave acts along the normal to the wall of the armored camera. In the claimed design, the impact of the shock wave on the working surface of the fairing and on the smooth working surface of the annular groove occurs at fairly sharp angles with the formation of a circulation flow of explosion products parallel to the working surfaces of the armored chamber. Due to the geometrical features of the implementation of the indicated elements of the body of the armored camera and the nature of their interaction with the shock wave and explosion products, a significant reduction in the impact load on the most vulnerable elements of the armored camera, in particular on the manhole cover, is ensured. This makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the loading hatch and the walls of the armored chamber, to significantly reduce the material consumption of the armored chamber without reducing its explosion resistance, and to improve the quality of sealing.

Brief Description of the Drawings In FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional general view of an armored camera.

In FIG. 2 is a top view.

Detailed Description of the Invention

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional general view of an armored camera. In the upper central part of the housing (1) there is a hatch made in the form of a shell (2), a cover (3), a locking device (4) and a seal (5). In the lower conical part (20) of the housing (1) there is a hatch for unloading solid products of grinding tires, which is made in the form of a shell (6), a cover (7), a locking device (8) and a seal (9). Inside the armored camera is placed a tool for placing tires (10), which is made in the form of several brackets (11). Along the axis of the body (1) and the tire package (10), a charge (12) of explosive is placed, which is equipped with a means of its placement (13) and a means for undermining it (14). A means (15) for removing gaseous explosion products is connected to the armored camera.

The upper peripheral part of the body (1) is made in the form of an annular groove (16) turned inward, which is connected by welding to the side shell of the body (1) and to the shell (2) of the hatch. A blast wave cowl is mounted on the inner surface of the hatch cover (3), which is made in the form of a conical shell (17) attached to the hatch cover (3) using a cylindrical shell (18) mounted concentrically and with a gap relative to the shell ( 2) hatch. The working surface of the conical shell (17) smoothly mates with the working surface of the annular trough (16) and is made with a taper angle from 30 ° to 90 °.

The annular groove (16) can be made of several sections joined together by welding, made of curved plates steen or pipe fragments. In FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an armored camera in which the annular groove (16) consists of 8 sections interconnected by welding. In this case, the side shell of the casing (1) should also be made of 8 plate sections connected to each other by welding, each of which is welded with the adjacent section of the chute (16). The octagonal shape of the side shell of the body (1) in this case determines the most appropriate form of the lower conical part of the body (1) in the form of 8 plate sections welded together, each of which is welded to the adjacent plate section of the side shell of the body (1). The number of sections (N) for the manufacture of hull elements depends on the size of the armor chamber and on the technological capabilities of welding from thick-walled sheet metal. When the value of N is less than 6, the efficiency of using the working volume of the armored chamber decreases and the stress concentration increases when exposed to an explosion in the welds of the joints of the sections of the armored chamber body.

In accordance with the invention, the annular groove, the side shell and the lower part of the body of the armored camera can be made of another geometric shape with the achievement of the technical result described above. In particular, the side shell of the housing can be in the form of a cylindrical shell, and the lower part of the chamber in the form of a truncated conical shell.

The armored camera works as follows. With the lid (3) open, a packet of pre-cooled tires (10) is loaded into the armored chamber through the loading hatch and mounted on brackets (11). An explosive charge (12) is introduced, equipped with a means for detonating it (14), and it is suspended inside the tire package along the axis of the housing (1) and the tire package (10) using means (13) made in the form of stretch marks. To neutralize harmful gases and cool the explosion products, a layer of water (19) or an aqueous solution is placed in an airtight shell. Covers (3) and (7) are closed and sealed with locking devices (4) and (8) using seals (5) and (9).

In the initial phase of the explosion, when the charge (12) is initiated by means (14), the detonation wave moves from the upper end of the charge (12) to its lower end. The resulting shock wave and gaseous explosion products move from the point of charge initiation in the direction opposite to the direction of propagation of the detonation wave, i.e. in the direction of the apex of the fairing cone (17). The shock wave and the gaseous products of the explosion act on the fairing (17) at an angle to its working surface and are reflected from it without the formation of a shock load, which is typical for the impact of a shock wave normal to the obstacle surface. The shock wave and gaseous products of the explosion move along the working surface of the fairing (17), and then along the working surface of the annular groove smoothly conjugated with it (16). Since the shock wave falls on the working surface of the fairing (17) and on the working surface of the annular groove (16) at an angle of 30 ° - 90 °, the load on the upper part of the body of the armored chamber (1) is reduced several times in comparison with the prototype in which the shock wave falls on the top hatch cover along the normal, i.e. at an angle of 0 °.

After the interaction of the shock wave and the gaseous products of the explosion with the fairing (17) and the annular groove (16), a flow is formed in the direction of movement of the armored chambers tangentially to the side shell of the housing (1) and further in the direction of the lower conical part of the housing (1). With such an impact of the shock wave and explosion products on the forging shell of the housing (1) significantly reduces the parameters of shock loads. Then the shock wave is reflected from the lower conical part of the body (1) and the cover (7) of the discharge hatch and moves upward in the direction of the cowl (17) and the annular groove (16). Thus, at the initial phase of the explosion, a process of internal circulation of the shock wave and explosion products is formed in the armored chamber when they move from top to bottom tangential to the inner surface of the body of the armored camera and from bottom to top in its center.

Under the action of the explosion on the tires (10), they expand in the radial direction until stresses and strains corresponding to the conditions of their destruction and the formation of the primary products of their destruction are reached. In this case, tire destruction products interact with the circulation flow of the shock wave and gaseous explosion products formed at the initial phase of the explosion, which leads to their additional grinding.

Under the action of a charge explosion (12), the water layer located on its surface breaks up into finely dispersed fractions, which move together with the shock wave and heated gaseous products of the explosion to the surface of the tires (10). Fine heat fractions of water having a high heat capacity cool the explosion products and reduce the thermal effect of the explosion on tire grinding products to safe values (10), as well as significantly reduce the concentration of harmful gases (CO and NO) that are present in gaseous products of the explosion.

After completion of the process of explosive grinding of tires using the device (15), the static component of the pressure of the gaseous products of the explosion is removed and the working volume of the armored chamber is aspirated. Then open the unloading hatch (7) and unload grinding product of tires from the lower conical part (20) of the armored camera body.

Industrial applicability

The claimed invention significantly reduces the parameters of the impact of the shock wave on the most vulnerable elements of the wall of the armored chamber. This allows, without a significant increase in the metal consumption of the hull and while maintaining its high resistance to explosion, to significantly increase the working volume of the armored camera and expand the possibilities of its use. With the greatest effect, the inventive armored camera can be used for grinding typical tires with high grinding performance, as well as for grinding large diameter tires.

Claims

Claim

1. An armored chamber for grinding worn tires, comprising a housing (1), in the upper central part of which a hatch with a cover (3) is made for loading tires (10), and a means for unloading solid products is placed in the lower conical part (20) of the housing grinding tires, means for accommodating tires (11), means for placing (13) and detonating (14) the explosive charge (12) and means for removing gaseous explosion products (15), characterized in that the upper peripheral part of the housing

(1) is made in the form of an annular groove facing inward (16), which is connected to the side shell of the housing (1) and the shell (2) of the hatch; a blast wave cowl (17) is installed on the inner surface of the hatch (3); the surface of which is predominantly conical in shape and smoothly interfaced with the working surface of the annular groove (16).

2. The armored chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the fairing (17) is made in the form of a conical shell with a taper angle of 30 ° to 90 °, which is mounted on the manhole cover (3) using a cylindrical shell (18) installed concentric with respect to the shell

(2) hatch.

3. The armored chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular groove (16) is made of several sections interconnected by welding in the form of bent plate blanks or pipe fragments.

4. The armored chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that the annular groove (16) is made of N sections welded together, the side shell of the housing (1) is also made of N plate sections connected to each other by welding, each section of the side shell connected is not welded with the adjacent section of the annular groove (16), and the number N is chosen at least 6.

5. The armored chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that the lower conical part | (20) the housing is made of N interconnected by welding pla- | sections, and each section is connected by welding to the adjacent | bending section of the side shell of the housing (1).