JP2000354341A - Rotating electric machine using magnet and electromagnetic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve productivity of a rotating electric machine by improving the start of the machine and reducing cogging in the machine, by providing magnet insert slots in a rotor core and forming the facing surfaces in the core along the sides of a spacer, and then, forming a skew width within the specific value of the length of the spacer side. SOLUTION: A skew width W is formed, and, at the same time, an internal portion which is engaged with a square nonmagnetic body 14 is formed in such a way that the internal portion astrides the ridge of the body 14 over a width W so that the portion may have a rolling stop function for a core. The formed skew width W can skew within the range from 0 to 1/2L (where, L is the length of one side of the nonmagnetic body 14). When a larger skew is required, each core makes a skew of the maximum skew width (W=1/2L) and the skews made on the cores are integrated. Therefore, the start torque and cogging of a rotating electric machine can be reduced and the manufacturing cost and installation cost of the machine can be saved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a motor, a generator and an electromagnetic device having a rotor used alone or in combination with an electromagnet, which face a stator in order to reduce starting torque and cogging. The present invention relates to a magnetic pole structure in which a skew is provided in a slit provided between iron cores.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rotors of conventional generators and motors usually use cylindrical magnets and provide a skewed space at the boundary between magnetic poles when magnetized. In this case, the magnetizing equipment required enormous cost and was not suitable for small-to-medium-volume production.
In addition, a cylindrical magnet has a limit in forming a magnetic field, and is not suitable for a device with high output and high efficiency.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a radiation type magnetic pole arrangement for achieving a high output and high efficiency electric machine by using an iron core structure having a skew groove of a rotor such as an alternator or an electric motor and its structure. It is an object of the present invention to solve the problems such as the improvement of startup and the reduction of cogging and the improvement of productivity by forming a skew.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to improve start-up and reduce cogging by forming a skew, a cuboidal magnet in a radiating arrangement is used for stacking iron plates of the same shape in a skew groove of a commonly used laminated core. Then, since it becomes a twisted groove, it cannot be inserted without a gap. Furthermore, making magnets that fit into the twisted grooves is very costly and not economical. Therefore, we devised the shape of the iron core so that even a rectangular parallelepiped magnet can be inserted without a gap, and a skew groove is formed along the side of the polygonal non-magnetic material for the purpose of holding the core and isolating it from the shaft To do it. In this case, when the skew width W is changed (a) When the length of the side is L in the case of a non-magnetic material having the same polygon, 0 ≦ W
Change in the range of ≤1 / 2L. (B) By changing the length L of the side of the polygonal non-magnetic material, it is changed by W = 1 / 2L. (C)
If the skew width W is insufficient also in (a) and (b), the core is divided in the axial direction, and the limit of the skew width W due to the side length L of the polygonal non-magnetic material of the divided core (1/1). 2L), a skew width W = 1/2 kL which is a multiple of the maximum division number k can be formed. Also, a zigzag groove is formed by inserting a magnet n divided into a straight (no skew) iron core in the axial direction in parallel with the axis and then arranging the n iron cores relative to the adjacent iron cores by skew angle. A skew effect is realized by disposing a cylindrical iron core having a straight skew groove on the outside thereof (in the case of an abduction type rotor). When a cylindrical iron core is used When it is necessary to increase the thickness of the iron core in order to improve the magnetic characteristics by the zigzag groove and finely adjust the skew width, the work is performed with a plurality of iron cores on the work. In this case, in order to increase the productivity, a laminated core may be used as the magnet core or the cylindrical core arranged on the outer periphery. Also, when the rotor core is made of an integral laminated core, productivity is increased by dividing the magnet into a number that can be inserted into the skew groove to the extent that there is no gap with the core when the magnet is inserted. It can be dramatically improved. Further, the characteristics of the electric machine can be easily changed or improved by combining magnets having different strengths. Regarding the improvement of productivity, iron core formation by iron blocks is not suitable for medium-volume production. Ideally, it is desirable to make the stator core and the rotor core integrally. Therefore, the magnet core is provided with equal pitch holes for skew so that several laminated cores can be used partially or entirely, or the configuration is devised to realize this.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, taking an adduction type generator as an example. FIG.
FIG. 1a shows a cross-sectional structure of a generator having an adduction type, in which FIG. 1a has the skew structure of the present invention, and has a rotor 3 constituted by the magnet 1 alone or in combination with the electromagnet 10, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure of a generator using the cylindrical magnet rotor 3 ′. When the rotor is driven from the outside by a power source, a voltage corresponding to the number of revolutions is generated in the coil 5 and the like wound on the stators 2 and 2 ', and a load such as a resistor is connected to the electric extraction cords 9 and 9'. A current flows and supplies power. The voltage generated by the coil is proportional to the magnetic flux density in the air gap between the stator and the rotor, and is also proportional to the number of revolutions. The present invention shows several examples in which a skew is formed in order to reduce starting torque and cogging of a magnet type rotor formed by magnets radially arranged on the rotor, and further considering its productivity.

Next, the magnetic skewed rotor of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, with respect to the iron core structure, material, configuration, and the structure of the nonmagnetic spacer. FIG. 2 shows a core structure of a skewed magnet type rotor used for an adduction type quadrupole electric machine, and FIG. 2a shows a plan view and side views of a split core 12 used for an adduction type electric machine. In this case, at the same time as forming the skew width W, the inner diameter portion is formed so as to straddle the ridge line of the square non-magnetic member 14 at the width W (in this figure, a cutout portion d at a right angle is formed), and the iron core is formed. It also has an anti-roll function. FIG. 2B is a plan view and side views showing a skewed magnet type rotor of a quadrupole electric machine constructed by combining four split cores 12 of FIG. 2A. In this case, the skew width w that can be formed is naturally limited by the outer diameter of the iron core, the dimensions of the magnet (particularly the radial dimension), the length of the sides of the polygonal non-magnetic material, and the like. W =
It is possible to skew from 0 to 1 / 2L with 1 / 2L as the maximum. So if you want to make a bigger skew,
The example shown in FIG. 2C is a case where the iron core 12 is divided into four in the axial direction, and a maximum skew width w = １ ／ L is applied to each iron core.
An example is shown in which those skews are combined to realize a skew width 4w that is about four times the skew in FIG. 2B. In this case, the non-magnetic material 14 'fixed to the shaft 8 by press fitting or the like is also divided into four parts, and when fixed to the shaft, the skews are shifted from each other by an appropriate angle such as a straight line or a zigzag shape so that the skew can be properly formed according to the purpose. The point is to do it. As a result, the skew width and shape can be changed freely according to the purpose.

FIG. 3 shows the four-pole rotor shown in FIG.
FIG. 3A shows an example of a configuration of 6 poles, and a skew width W ′ can be formed by W ′ ≦ １ ／ L ′,
FIG. 3b shows an example of an eight-pole configuration, and the skew width W ″ is W ″ ≦
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the skew width is changed by changing the outer diameters of the non-magnetic members 14c, 14d, and 14e, using an eight-pole rotor as an example. The body has an outer diameter of 14e>14d> 14c, and the skew width increases in proportion to the size of the outer shin.
W2∠W3. In this case, in order to maintain the strength of the magnetic field, the magnets 13d and 13e compensate for the decrease in the length in the radial direction as compared with the magnet 13c by increasing the magnet width. Needless to say, the skew width of these multi-pole rotors can also be freely changed by dividing the iron core in the axial direction shown in FIG. 2C.

FIGS. 5, 6, and 7 show a core part in which a rotor core is divided, and magnets inserted radially and axially parallel to each other are displaced from a certain angle axis in accordance with skew to form a zigzag skew. 2 shows a skewed magnet type rotor in which a cylindrical iron core having a skew groove is arranged on the outer periphery of the skewed magnet rotor. In this case, the magnet insertion cores 23, 23a can be manufactured not only from a single iron block material but also from a laminated iron plate, and have a low cost and excellent productivity. Holes 22 and 2 in the iron core
A plurality of 2a and 22b are located on the same circumference and are provided at the same pitch in accordance with the skew angle so that the assembling between the divided iron cores can be performed smoothly. FIG. 5 shows a case where the cylindrical iron core 24 is single, and the magnets 21a, 21
After the iron cores b and 21c are respectively inserted and skewed zigzag using the holes 22, a cylindrical iron core 24 is arranged on the outer periphery. The skew can be increased by increasing the width of the magnets 21a, 21b, 21c, and the width of the skew groove 20g, and by displacing the hole 22 between the iron cores. When the iron core is a laminated iron core, it can be manufactured simultaneously with the same manufacturing tool as the iron core of the stator, so that the cost and productivity are extremely excellent. FIG. 6 shows a case where a plurality of cylindrical cores 24a, 24b, and 24c are used in place of the cylindrical core 24 arranged on the outer periphery of the magnet core shown in FIG.
In order to increase the productivity when the cylindrical iron core 24 becomes thicker, the thickness direction is divided to achieve the purpose. Further, the skew of the divided cylindrical iron core is made larger as the outer one is increased, and the There is a feature that the fine adjustment of the skew width in the confronting gap and the improvement of the magnetic characteristics of the core gap are possible. FIG. 7 shows an example in which a laminated iron core 26 is formed of a material of a cylindrical iron core and a skew that is usually performed is disposed on the outer periphery of a zigzag skew magnet iron core. In this case, all the iron cores can be made of a laminated material, and it is possible to provide a magnet type skewed rotor suitable for mass production excellent in production cost and productivity.

FIG. 8 shows a plurality of magnets which are manufactured so that the rotor core is made of an integrated laminated core 25 and which is skewed and then divided so as to minimize the gap with the iron core. The following is an example of a magnetic skewed rotator formed by inserting a skewed rotor from the outer periphery. In this case, the magnet is separately caulked in order to prevent the magnet from protruding from the iron core slot, and is fixed by press fitting, welding, or a ring of another component. In this example, since it is an integrated laminated iron core, it is possible to provide a magnet type skewed rotor excellent in productivity and suitable for mass production as compared with the above-described embodiment.

Although the internal rotation type rotating electric machine has been described above, it is needless to say that the external rotation type rotating electric machine can be applied similarly to the internal rotation type since the external rotation type rotating electric machine also has an inverted structure. Although the description has been given of the generator, it goes without saying that these techniques can be applied to any electric or electromagnetic device using other magnets. For example, pancake type electric machines, linear motors, electromagnet devices, etc.

As described above, the present invention reviews the iron core structure, the material and the configuration of the motor or the generator having the magnet type skewed rotor, and devises a structure in which the skew width can be freely changed. The starting torque and cogging of the electric machine can be reduced, and the electric machine can be realized at low cost and with no equipment cost. In particular, the skew is formed in the division / separation structure of the block rotor core, and at the same time, the skew angle is changed by changing the length of one side of the polygonal non-magnetic material by changing the length of the polygonal non-magnetic material. There are many groundbreaking ideas, such as one in which the magnet core is divided into multiple parts so that the skew width can be freely changed. Also, in order to increase productivity during mass production, a number of iron core structures in which laminated iron plates can be used for the iron core have excellent cost performance and can be said to be highly effective.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram showing an embodiment of an adduction type generator having a rotor constituted by a magnet type skewed rotor of the present invention, and a structural explanatory view of a conventional type generator.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a magnet type skewed rotor in which quadrupole divided and separated magnet cores are arranged in a square non-magnetic material.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of a magnet type skewed rotor in which hexapole and octapole divided and separated magnet cores are arranged on regular hexagonal and octagonal non-magnetic materials.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of a magnet type skewed rotor having a magnet core arranged on three types of regular octagonal non-magnetic materials having different outer diameters;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a magnet type skewed rotor in which a zigzag magnet core using a laminated core and the like and a cylindrical core having a skew groove are combined.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of a magnet type skewed rotor combining a zigzag magnet core using a laminated iron core and a plurality of cylindrical cores with skew grooves.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a magnetic skewed rotor combining a zigzag magnet core using a core using a laminated plate and the like and a cylindrical core having a skew groove.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of a magnet type skewed rotor in which a plurality of magnets having the same or different characteristics and divided into a plurality of pieces are arranged on a skewed laminated iron core.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 1 ': magnet 2, 2': stator 3: magnetic skewed rotor 3 ': cylindrical magnet rotor 4, 4': housing 5, 5 ': coil 6, 6': end bracket 7, 7, ': Bearings 8, 8', 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e: Shafts 9, 9 ': Power cord 10: Electromagnet 11, 11': Base 12, 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e
: Split cores 13, 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e, 21
a, 21b, 21c, 21d, 21e, 21f, 21
g, 21h, 21i, 31, 32, 33: magnets 14, 14 ', 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14
e: Non-magnetic material 20a, 20a ', 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e,
20f, 20g, 20h, 20i, 20j:
Skew groove d: iron core徑切Ri-away portion N, S: polar w _{magnets, w ', w ", w} 1, w 2, w 3, w 4, w 5,
_{w 6,} w 7, 4w: skew width _{L, L ', L ",} L 1, L 2, L 3: non-magnetic side of the width 22, 22a, 22b: hole 23, 23a, 25 and 26: laminated Iron core 24, 24a, 24b, 24c: Iron core with cylindrical skew groove

Claims (12)

[Claims] In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. A slot is provided, and when the number of magnetic poles is n, the facing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of an n-sided non-magnetic material, so that even a long rectangular parallelepiped magnet does not produce a gap with the slot. When the skew width W is changed by allowing insertion, the skew width W (0∠) is set within 1/2 of the length L of the side of the spacer.
W ≦ １ ／ L). 2. In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into the rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with the stator. A slot is provided, and when the number of magnetic poles is n, the facing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of an n-sided non-magnetic material, and the width W (W ≦ 1) straddles the ridge line of the n-sided spacer. / 2L), wherein a skew is formed by an iron core straddled by a magnet, and a long rectangular parallelepiped magnet can be inserted without generating a gap with a slot. 3. In a rotating electric machine in which a rotor is formed using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, a magnet is radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. A slot is provided, and when the number of magnetic poles is n, an opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along a side of the spacer made of an n-sided nonmagnetic material, and further,
A skew is formed so as to straddle the ridgeline of the n-sided spacer so that even a long rectangular parallelepiped magnet can be inserted without creating a gap with the slot. A rotating electric machine characterized by good workability. 4. In a rotating electric machine in which a rotor is formed using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, a magnet is radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. A slot is provided, and when the number of magnetic poles is n, the facing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of an n-sided nonmagnetic material, and a skew is formed so as to straddle the ridge of the n-sided spacer. When changing the skew in a magnetic pole core that allows a long rectangular parallelepiped magnet to be inserted without creating a gap with a slot, the core is divided into n parts in the axial direction, and the angle between the spacers made of a non-magnetic material is changed. Alternatively, the rotating electric machine can form a skew n times the skew length determined by the length of the side of the spacer. 5. In a rotating electric machine in which a rotor is formed using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. A slot is provided, and when the number of magnetic poles is n, the facing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of an n-sided nonmagnetic material, and a skew is formed so as to straddle the ridge of the n-sided spacer. The skew width W of the magnetic pole core is such that even a long rectangular parallelepiped magnet can be inserted without generating a gap with the slot.
A rotating electric machine characterized by changing the length L of a spacer made of a non-magnetic material and changing the skew width W to W = 1 / 2L. 6. In a rotating electric machine in which a rotor is formed using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, a magnet is radially inserted into a rotor iron core in forming a skew in a gap with a stator. When the number of magnetic poles is n, the opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of n-sided non-magnetic material when the number of magnetic poles is n, and the rectangular parallelepiped is formed in the laminated core divided into n equally in the axial direction. Slits are formed in zigzag so that even magnets can be inserted straight without creating a gap with the slot, and a skew slot is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor to minimize magnetic short circuits and magnetic flux leakage. A rotating electric machine characterized in that a skew effect is provided by a cylindrical magnetic pole formed with (1). 7. In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, a magnet is radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. When the number of magnetic poles is n, the opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of n-sided non-magnetic material when the number of magnetic poles is n, and the rectangular parallelepiped is formed in the laminated core divided into n equally in the axial direction. A laminated iron core with a coupling hole formed in accordance with the pitch of the zigzag shift angle so that the magnet can be inserted straight without forming a gap with the slot, and a zigzag skew can be formed with the same core. 8. In a rotating electric machine in which a rotor is formed using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into a rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with a stator. When the number of magnetic poles is n, the opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of n-sided non-magnetic material when the number of magnetic poles is n, and the rectangular parallelepiped is formed in the laminated core divided into n equally in the axial direction. Slits are formed in zigzag so that even magnets can be inserted straight without creating a gap with the slot, and a skew slot is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor to minimize magnetic short circuits and magnetic flux leakage. A rotary electric machine characterized in that a skew effect is provided by a cylindrical magnetic pole formed of a laminated steel sheet formed with a layer. 9. In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into the rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with the stator. When the number of magnetic poles is n, the opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of n-sided non-magnetic material when the number of magnetic poles is n, and the rectangular parallelepiped is formed in the laminated core divided into n equally in the axial direction. Slits are formed in zigzag so that even magnets can be inserted straight without creating a gap with the slot, and a skew slot is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor to minimize magnetic short circuits and magnetic flux leakage. The skew effect is further enhanced by a plurality of cylindrical magnetic poles whose skew width is increased as the outer cylindrical magnetic pole is formed. Rotating electric machine to. 10. In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into the rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with the stator. When the number of magnetic poles is n, the opposing surface of the rotor core is formed along the side of the spacer made of n-sided non-magnetic material when the number of magnetic poles is n, and the rectangular parallelepiped is formed in the laminated core divided into n equally in the axial direction. Slits are formed in zigzag so that even magnets can be inserted straight without creating a gap with the slot, and a skew slot is formed on the outer periphery of the rotor to minimize magnetic short circuits and magnetic flux leakage. A rotating electric machine characterized by combining a cylindrical magnetic pole formed with a core and a laminated iron core to more effectively provide a skew effect. 11. In a rotating electric machine that forms a rotor using magnets and electromagnets, in order to reduce starting torque and cogging, magnets are radially inserted into the rotor core when forming a skew in a gap with the stator. A rotating electric machine characterized in that in a laminated core having a slot, insertion into a slot, which was impossible with an integrated magnet, is made possible by dividing the slot into a plurality of magnets, thereby providing a skew effect. 12. A mover, a pancake-type electric machine, and a rotating machine such as a magnet and an electromagnet represented by a linear motor to which the magnetic poles are developed in a side and plane manner and the technical claims of the present invention are applied. Other than electromagnetic equipment.